Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
  • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
  • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
  • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
  • F02F1/108—Siamese-type cylinders, i.e. cylinders cast together
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
  • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
  • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
  • F02F1/14—Cylinders with means for directing, guiding or distributing liquid stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
  • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
  • F01P2003/028—Cooling cylinders and cylinder heads in series
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
  • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
  • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
  • F02F2001/106—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling using a closed deck, i.e. the water jacket is not open at the block top face

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the cooling of internal combustion engines.
• the invention relates to a structure of a cylinder block for the circulation of a coolant in the engine.
• the cylinder block contains the combustion chambers of the engine, and has cavities, called water chambers, in which circulates a cooling fluid.
• the cooling circuits, and in particular the structure of the water chambers, are designed to avoid hot spots in the engine, and to obtain a good distribution of temperatures between each combustion chamber.
• the publication FR 2 858 357 proposes an engine cooling structure in which the cooling liquid circulates parallel to the axis of the cylinders.
• a feed passage in the housing delivers the liquid into a first water chamber on one side of the cylinders.
• the coolant then passes through a water chamber in the cylinder head, and finally goes into a second water chamber on the other side of the cylinders.
• the distribution of the fluid on each combustion station is carried out in the feed passage, by dimensioning the diameter of the bore of the passage.
• such a structure does not guarantee circulation parallel to the cylinder axis, and its implementation remains complex and expensive to implement.
• the object of the invention is to provide a cooling structure of an improved cylinder block, of simple design, and allowing a balanced distribution of the coolant flow parallel to each cylinder.
• the invention proposes a structure of a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine, whose first water chamber comprises an upper part intended for the circulation of the fluid along each cylinder towards the part upper part of the cylinder block, and a lower part allowing a longitudinal circulation of the fluid in the lower part of the cylinder block, the two parts being connected to one another by orifices. the main distribution of fluid from the bottom to the top.
• the main orifices may be located at each cylinder drum to distribute the coolant on each cylinder.
• the section of the main ports may vary depending on the distance of these orifices relative to the supply passage. In particular, the section of the main orifices may decrease with the distance of the orifices relative to the feed passage.
• the first water chamber of the cylinder block may comprise secondary orifices connecting the upper part and the lower part of the first water chamber, and for straightening the flow of liquid from the main orifices within the upper part. Secondary ports may be located at each cylinder interference.
• the lower part of the first water chamber may have material passages, located at the level of the interferences, and in the axis of the clamping screws of the cylinder head to allow the transmission of the tightening forces of the screws to the lower structure of the cylinder head. cylinder block.
• the second water chamber of the cylinder block may comprise, as in the first water chamber, an upper part and a lower part, the two parts being connected to one another by orifices, being at the level of each cylinder barrel, and whose section may vary depending on the distance of the orifices relative to the outlet passage.
• the lower part of the second water chamber may have material passages, located at the level of the interferences, and in the axis of the tightening bolts of the cylinder head to allow the transmission of tightening forces of the screws to the lower structure of the cylinder head. cylinder block.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective diagram of the cylinder block according to a first embodiment of the invention
• - Figure 2 is a top view of the cylinder block of Figure 1
• - Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view at the main openings of the cylinder block of Figure 1;
• - Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view at the material passages of the distributor of the cylinder block of Figure 1;
• - Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view perpendicular to the line of the cylinders, at the material passages of the distributor of the cylinder block of Figure 1;
• FIG. 6 is a perspective diagram of the cylinder block according to a second embodiment of the invention
• - Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view at the secondary orifices of the cylinder block of Figure 6;
• FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view perpendicular to the line of the cylinders, at the material passages of the distributor of the cylinder block of Figure 6;
• - Figure 9 is a perspective diagram of the cylinder block according to another embodiment of the invention.
• an internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder block 10 and a cylinder head (not shown) attached to the cylinder block 10.
• the cylinder block 10 and the cylinder head are, generally, castings made of steel, cast iron or aluminum.
• the cylinder block 10 has four cylinder drums 14 arranged in line in the length of the cylinder block 10. These cylinder drums 14 form the combustion chambers of the engine, in which the pistons are placed.
• the cylinder block 10 also comprises a feed passage 16, water chambers 24 and 32, and an outlet passage 18, for the circulation of a coolant in the engine.
• the feed passage 16 is located at one end of the crankcase 10. In this example the feed passage 16 is located in the width of the side of the front face 2 of the crankcase 10. The entrance of this passage of power supply 16 is connected to a pump. The feed passage 16 opens on the lower portion 22 of a first water chamber 24, forming a bend with the latter. This lower part 22 is called tundish 22.
• the distributor 22 is located in the lower part of the cylinder housing 10, and extends over the entire length of the housing 10, by wrapping the lateral sides with respect to the line of the cylinders 14, the lower part of the walls of the barrels 14.
• the distributor 22 has material passages 44 located in the axis of the bores 46 for fixing the tightening screws of the cylinder head, and in the planes passing at the level of the interferences 42 perpendicular to the line of the cylinders 14. These passages of material 44 allow the transmission of clamping forces of the bolts of the cylinder head to the low structure of the crankcase 10.
• the bores 48 for fixing the bearing caps to the lower part of the crankcase 10 are in the axis of the material passages 44 and bores 46 for fixing the tightening screws of the cylinder head. In this way, the clamping forces of the cylinder head and bearing caps, are opposed in the cylinder block 10.
• the upper part 26 of the first water chamber 24 is intended for the circulation of cooling liquid along the walls of the drums 14, and parallel to the axis of the cylinders.
• the upper part 26 of the first water chamber 24 is called the water rising chamber.
• This water rising chamber 26 extends over the entire length of the housing 10 above the distributor 22, and envelops the lateral sides with respect to the line of the cylinders 14, the upper part of the walls of the barrels 14.
• the part upper 26 of the first water chamber 24 of the cylinder block 10 communicates with the distributor 22 through the main ports 28.
• the main ports 28 are located at each barrel 14.
• the section of the main ports 28 is calibrated to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the coolant flow on each cylinder 14.
• the first water chamber 24 opens on the upper face 4 of the cylinder block 10 through outlet orifices 30.
• a second water chamber 32 of the cylinder housing surrounds the lateral sides with respect to the line of the cylinders 14, the walls of the barrels 14 opposite the first water chamber. This second chamber 32 extends over the entire length of the cylinder block 10, and over the entire height of the cylinder barrels 14.
• the second water chamber 32 opens on the upper face 4 of the cylinder block 10 through inlet orifices 34.
• the second water chamber 32 is connected to the outlet passage 18 in its lower part. This outlet passage 18 opens on a side face 6 of the cylinder block 10, in order to be connected to the cooling circuit out of the casing 10.
• the cooling circuit out of the casing 10 can be composed of a liquid cooling element such as a radiator, a pump and any other element used in this type of circuit.
• the outlet openings 32 of the first water chamber 24, and the inlet ports 34 of the second water chamber 32, located on the upper face 4 of the cylinder block 10, correspond to inlet and outlet ports. outlet of the water chamber of the cylinder head.
• the operation of the invention is as follows:
• the feed passage 16 feeds the distributor 22 of the first water chamber 24, wherein the fluid flows in the length of the housing 10.
• the distributor 22 allows the coolant to feed the first water chamber 24 over its entire length.
• the separation between the upper portion 26 and the lower portion 22 of the water chamber 24, is achieved by main orifices 28 whose sections are calibrated so as to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the flow of coolant in the rising chamber water 26 of the first water chamber 24.
• the fluid flows in the water rising chamber 26 along each cylinder in the direction of the upper portion of the housing 10.
• the main ports 28 allow to balance the flow rate between the different cylinders 14. For this, their section is calibrated according to their distance from the water supply passage 16.
• the section of the main orifices 28 decreases with the removal of the main orifices 28 with respect to the water supply passage 16.
• the water rising chamber 26 of the casing 10 supplies the water chamber of the cylinder head. After passing through the cylinder head in the direction of the width of the engine, the coolant returns to the second water chamber 32 of the cylinder block 10, before being discharged through the outlet passage 18 on a side face 6 of the casing. cylinder 10.
• the upper part 26 of the first water chamber 24 of the cylinder block 10 communicates with the distributor 22 through the main orifices 28 as in the first embodiment. , and by secondary orifices 40 placed at the level of the interferences 42.
• the section of the secondary orifices 40 is calibrated so as to obtain a vertical flow locally at the level of the interferences 42, allowing a separation of the flows coming from the main orifices 28, by straightening them vertically due to the higher kinetic energy of the flux from the secondary ports 40.
• One of the advantages of this embodiment is to straighten each flow coming from the main orifices 28 by means of the flows created by the secondary orifices 40, and thus to obtain a better distribution of the coolant between the rolls 14.
• the invention is not limited to the two embodiments described above. It can be applied according to other variants, as, for example, by adding a distributor for the evacuation of the liquid from the second chamber as in FIG. 9.
• the second water chamber 32 of the crankcase 10 comprises, as in the first water chamber 24, an upper part and a lower part, the two parts being connected to each other by orifices whose section may vary depending on the distance of the orifices relative to each other. at the exit passage.
• the lower part of the second water chamber has material passages 44, located at the level of the interferences 42, and in the axis of the bolt for tightening the cylinder head to allow the transmission of tightening forces of the screws towards the low structure of the cylinder block 10.
• the invention is not limited to the case of four-cylinder in-line engines as described in the examples. It also applies to all other engine architectures, such as those in V, W, flat or star, and whatever the number of cylinders, each bank of cylinders can be considered as the basic example of the engine in line and to which the invention applies.
• the entire flow structure of the coolant is created during the molding of the cylinder block.
• the calibration of the section of the main orifices therefore does not require any additional boring or the use of additional elements such as inserts during casting. These characteristics therefore give an economic advantage to the invention.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
• Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2006
  • 2006-05-31 FR FR0651966A patent/FR2901842B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-05-04 DE DE602007004478T patent/DE602007004478D1/de active Active
  • 2007-05-04 WO PCT/FR2007/051221 patent/WO2007138206A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-05-04 EP EP07766001A patent/EP2024617B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2007-05-04 AT AT07766001T patent/ATE455940T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-05-04 JP JP2009512645A patent/JP5062860B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-05-04 ES ES07766001T patent/ES2335943T3/es active Active

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