EP2022895B1 - Apparatus for mounting rails for rail vehicles - Google Patents
Apparatus for mounting rails for rail vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2022895B1 EP2022895B1 EP08011305A EP08011305A EP2022895B1 EP 2022895 B1 EP2022895 B1 EP 2022895B1 EP 08011305 A EP08011305 A EP 08011305A EP 08011305 A EP08011305 A EP 08011305A EP 2022895 B1 EP2022895 B1 EP 2022895B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- frame
- intermediate layers
- boundary surfaces
- support plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/60—Rail fastenings making use of clamps or braces supporting the side of the rail
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/62—Rail fastenings incorporating resilient supports
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for supporting rails for rail vehicles, wherein the rails are supported with their lateral boundary surfaces via rigid intermediate layers against the inner boundary surfaces of a rigid frame and wherein below the rail - at a distance from the lower boundary surface of the rail - a support plate is arranged on which the frame is based.
- both sides of the rail web and below the rail foot insulating elements made of rubber or rubber-like material are arranged ( DE 38 34 329 A1 ).
- the rail is thus elastically supported both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction.
- the rail is supported with the lateral boundary surfaces of the rail web via elastic intermediate layers against the inner lateral boundary surfaces of a frame from ( DE 198 07 627 A1 ).
- a strip of elastic material may be provided below the rail foot, so that even in this case the rail is elastically supported both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction.
- the two aforementioned known devices have the disadvantage that the rail can not only perform movements in the vertical direction, but also in the horizontal direction transverse to the rail longitudinal direction.
- the possibility of movement of the rail in the horizontal direction is not always desirable.
- the invention Therefore, the object is to provide a device for supporting rails for rail vehicles, although allowing a horizontal movement of the rail, but largely prevents movement of the rail in the horizontal direction.
- the document DE 4 430 881 A discloses a device for supporting rails with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the solution of the problem consists in a device for supporting rails for rail vehicles of the type mentioned in the features of claim 1 is that the intermediate layers are rigid and that the outer boundary surfaces of the intermediate layers and the inner boundary surfaces of the frame are rectilinear vertical.
- At least one sliding element is arranged between the outer boundary surfaces of the intermediate layers and the inner boundary surfaces of the frame. This significantly facilitates the vertical movement of the rail relative to the base.
- the slider is made of a highly lubricious and highly wear-resistant plastic, preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- Teflon polytetrafluoroethylene
- the sliding element according to the invention contributes to reducing the effects of airborne noise and running noise.
- the sliding elements are made of rubber or rubber-elastic plastic.
- this device is - within exactly determinable limits - also a slight movement of the rail in the horizontal direction possible.
- the provided between the rail and the support plate base extends over the entire width of the rail foot.
- the invention can be further improved by the fact that provided between the rail and the support plate pad from a ring with quadrangular Cross-section is formed, which is formed such that its outer and inner boundary surfaces taper straight down and support against conical surfaces of the pad and against a provided under the rail foot conical rest part.
- At least one insulating film is provided between the side surfaces of the rail and the rigid intermediate layers and / or between the foot of the rail and the conical support part.
- the rail 1 is supported by its lateral boundary surfaces via rigid intermediate layers 2 against the inner boundary surfaces of a rigid frame 3 from.
- a support plate 4 is provided, on which the frame 3 is supported.
- a sliding element 5 is arranged in each case.
- the rail 1 is supported on a base 6, which is located between the rail and the support plate 4.
- the pad 6 is made of rubber or rubber-elastic plastic.
- pad 6 consists of a ring with a square cross-section, the outer and inner boundary surfaces taper straight down.
- the outer boundary surfaces of the pad 6 are supported against conical surfaces of the support plate 4 and the inner boundary surfaces against a conical bearing part 7, which is arranged under the rail.
- the frame 3 is fixed by means of screws 8 on the support plate 4, wherein the screws 8 are secured by spring rings 9. Between the frame 3 and the support plate 4, at least one insulating insert 10 is provided. The attachment of the support plate 4 on the ground by means of mounting plates 11th
- the in the Fig. 4, 5 and 6 rail mounting shown differs from the rail mounting described above in that between the side surfaces of the rail 1 and the rigid intermediate layers 2 at least one insulating film 12 is provided. Another insulation film 13 is located between the foot of the rail 1 and the conical bearing member 7.
- the insulating films 12 and 13 are required when the rigid intermediate layers 2 consist of an electrically conductive material, for example, are formed by castings.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Lagern von Schienen für Schienenfahrzeuge, wobei sich die Schienen mit ihren seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen über starre Zwischenlagen gegen die inneren Begrenzungsflächen eines starren Rahmens abstützen und wobei unterhalb der Schiene - mit Abstand von der unteren Begrenzungsfläche des Schienenfußes - eine Tragplatte angeordnet ist, auf die sich der Rahmen abstützt.The invention relates to a device for supporting rails for rail vehicles, wherein the rails are supported with their lateral boundary surfaces via rigid intermediate layers against the inner boundary surfaces of a rigid frame and wherein below the rail - at a distance from the lower boundary surface of the rail - a support plate is arranged on which the frame is based.
Das Befahren einer Schiene durch das Rad eines Schienenfahrzeugs ist punktuell gesehen das Einwirken einer Einzellast auf einen auf zwei Stützen ruhenden Träger, wobei das Rad die Einzellast und die Schiene den Träger darstellt. Im dynamischen Ablauf wird die Einzellast eine Linienlast, die vom Rad auf die Schiene einwirkt. Hierbei werden durch den Ablauf des Rades auf der Schiene Schwingungen erzeugt, deren Intensität abhängig ist von der Geschwindigkeit und den Unregelmäßigkeiten des Rades und der Schienenoberfläche. Diese Schwingungen werden sowohl auf das Rad als auch auf die Schiene übertragen. Die auf das rollende Rad einwirkenden Schwingungen werden durch das zwischen Achse und Schienenfahrzeug vorhandene Federsystem weitgehend gedämpft. Nachhaltiger sind allerdings die Einwirkungen der Schwingungen auf die Schiene. Die endlos verschweißte Schiene wirkt in dem gesamten in Schwingung versetzten Bereich als Resonanzkörper. Die punktuell ausgelösten Schwingungen werden in Längsrichtung der Schiene in die starre Schiene übertragen (Körperschall) und ferner durch die Schienenoberfläche an die Umwelt abgegeben (Luftschall).Driving a rail through the wheel of a rail vehicle is punctually seen the action of a single load on a resting on two supports carrier, wherein the wheel is the single load and the rail is the carrier. In the dynamic process, the single load becomes a line load that acts on the rail from the wheel. In this case, the course of the wheel on the rail generates vibrations whose intensity depends on the speed and the irregularities of the wheel and the rail surface. These vibrations are transmitted to both the wheel and the rail. The vibrations acting on the rolling wheel are largely attenuated by the existing between axle and rail vehicle spring system. More sustainable, however, are the effects of vibrations on the railways. The endless welded rail acts as a resonating body in the entire vibrated area. The selectively triggered vibrations are transmitted in the longitudinal direction of the rail in the rigid rail (structure-borne sound) and further discharged through the rail surface to the environment (airborne sound).
Darüber hinaus entstehen durch die rollende Bewegung des Rades am Schienenkopf Laufgeräusche. Die sich aufgrund von Luftschall und Laufgeräuschen ergebenden Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt sind sehr störend. Zur Minderung der die Umwelt beeinträchtigenden Auswirkungen des Luftschalls und der Laufgeräusche sind mehrere bekannte Maßnahmen möglich. Eine dieser bekannten Maßnahmen ist die elastische Lagerung der Schienen.In addition, caused by the rolling motion of the wheel on the rail head running noise. The effects on the environment due to airborne noise and noise are very disturbing. To reduce the environmental impact of airborne noise and running noise several known measures are possible. One of these known measures is the elastic mounting of the rails.
Bei einer der bekannten Vorrichtungen zum elastischen Lagern von Schienen für Schienenfahrzeuge sind beiderseits des Schienensteges und unterhalb des Schienenfußes Dämmelemente aus Gummi oder gummiähnlichem Werkstoff angeordnet (
Bei einer weiteren bekannten Vorrichtungen zum elastischen Lagern von Schienen für Schienenfahrzeuge stützt sich die Schiene mit den seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen des Schienensteges über elastische Zwischenlagen gegen die inneren seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen eines Rahmens ab (
Die beiden vorgenannten bekannten Vorrichtungen weisen den Nachteil auf, dass die Schiene nicht nur in vertikaler Richtung Bewegungen ausführen kann, sondern auch in horizontaler Richtung quer zur Schienenlängsrichtung. Die Bewegungsmöglichkeit der Schiene in horizontaler Richtung ist jedoch nicht immer erwünscht. Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Lagern von Schienen für Schienenfahrzeuge zu schaffen, die zwar eine horizontale Bewegung der Schiene zuläßt, die aber eine Bewegung der Schiene in horizontaler Richtung weitgehend verhindert.The two aforementioned known devices have the disadvantage that the rail can not only perform movements in the vertical direction, but also in the horizontal direction transverse to the rail longitudinal direction. However, the possibility of movement of the rail in the horizontal direction is not always desirable. The invention Therefore, the object is to provide a device for supporting rails for rail vehicles, although allowing a horizontal movement of the rail, but largely prevents movement of the rail in the horizontal direction.
Das Dokument
Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe besteht bei einer Vorrichtung zum Lagern von Schienen für Schienenfahrzeuge der eingangs genannten Art mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 darin, dass die Zwischenlagen Starr sind und dass die äußeren Begrenzungsflächen der Zwischenlagen und die inneren Begrenzungsflächen des Rahmens geradlinig vertikal verlaufen.The solution of the problem consists in a device for supporting rails for rail vehicles of the type mentioned in the features of
Während die Schiene in horizontaler Richtung - quer zur Schienenlängsrichung - völlig unbeweglich gegenüber der Tragplatte und damit auch gegenüber dem Unterbau ist, ermöglicht die zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Tragplatte vorgesehene gummielastische Unterlage eine vertikale Bewegung der Schiene gegenüber der Tragplatte bzw. gegenüber dem Unterbau, wobei die gummielastische Unterlage gleichzeitig eine ausreichende Minderung der Auswirkungen des Luftschalls und der Laufgeräusche herbeiführt.While the rail in the horizontal direction - transverse to the rail longitudinal direction - completely immovable against the support plate and thus with respect to the substructure, provided between the rail and the support plate rubber-elastic pad allows vertical movement of the rail relative to the support plate or against the substructure, said the rubber-elastic pad at the same time causes a sufficient reduction of the effects of airborne noise and running noise.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist zwischen den äußeren Begrenzungsflächen der Zwischenlagen und den inneren Begrenzungsflächen des Rahmens mindestens ein Gleitelement angeordnet. Dadurch wird die vertikale Bewegung der Schiene gegenüber dem Unterbau wesentlich erleichtert.In an embodiment of the invention, at least one sliding element is arranged between the outer boundary surfaces of the intermediate layers and the inner boundary surfaces of the frame. This significantly facilitates the vertical movement of the rail relative to the base.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist das Gleitelement aus einem hoch gleitfähigen und hochverschleißfesten Kunststoff, vorzugsweise aus Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE) gebildet. Der unter dem Handelsnamen Teflon bekannte Werkstoff PTFE besitzt besonders gute Gleiteigenschaften bei außergewöhnlich hoher Wärmebeständigkeit. Ferner trägt das erfindungsgemäße Gleitelement zur Minderung der Auswirkungen des Luftschalls und der Laufgeräusche bei.Conveniently, the slider is made of a highly lubricious and highly wear-resistant plastic, preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The PTFE material known under the trade name Teflon has particularly good sliding properties with exceptionally high heat resistance. Furthermore, the sliding element according to the invention contributes to reducing the effects of airborne noise and running noise.
Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Gleitelemente aus Gummi oder aus gummielastischem Kunststoff gebildet. Bei dieser Vorrichtung ist - innerhalb genau bestimmbarer Grenzen - auch eine geringe Bewegung der Schiene in horizontaler Richtung möglich. In diesem Falle ist es zweckmäßig, die den starren Zwischenlagen zugewandten Flächen der Gleitelemente besonders gleitfähig bzw. besonders glatt auszubilden oder mit einem Gleitmittel zu versehen.In another embodiment of the invention, the sliding elements are made of rubber or rubber-elastic plastic. In this device is - within exactly determinable limits - also a slight movement of the rail in the horizontal direction possible. In this case, it is expedient to form the surfaces of the sliding elements facing the rigid intermediate layers in a particularly slippery or particularly smooth manner or to provide them with a lubricant.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung erstreckt sich die zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Tragplatte vorgesehene Unterlage über die gesamte Breite des Schienenfußes. Durch entsprechende Wahl des Werkstoffs und der Dicke der Unterlage kann eine passende Einfederung eingestellt werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the provided between the rail and the support plate base extends over the entire width of the rail foot. By appropriate choice of material and the thickness of the pad a suitable deflection can be adjusted.
Die Erfindung kann noch dadurch verbessert werden, dass die zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Tragplatte vorgesehene Unterlage aus einem Ring mit viereckigem Querschnitt besteht, der derart ausgebildet ist, dass seine äußeren und inneren Begrenzungsflächen sich geradlinig nach unten verjüngen und sich gegen konische Flächen der Unterlage und gegen ein unter dem Schienenfuß vorgesehenes konisches Auflageteil abstützen. Dadurch ist eine sehr genaue Bestimmung der Federkennlinie möglich.The invention can be further improved by the fact that provided between the rail and the support plate pad from a ring with quadrangular Cross-section is formed, which is formed such that its outer and inner boundary surfaces taper straight down and support against conical surfaces of the pad and against a provided under the rail foot conical rest part. As a result, a very accurate determination of the spring characteristic is possible.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zwischen den Seitenflächen der Schiene und den starren Zwischenlagen und/oder zwischen dem Fuß der Schiene und dem konischen Auflageteil mindestens eine Isolierfolie vorgesehen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one insulating film is provided between the side surfaces of the rail and the rigid intermediate layers and / or between the foot of the rail and the conical support part.
In der Zeichnung sind zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Schienenlagerung dargestellt. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Schienenlagerung in einem Querschnitt nach der Linie I-I in
Fig. 2 ; - Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf die in
Fig. 1 dargestellte Schienenlagerung; - Fig. 3
- eine Seitenansicht zu der die in
Fig. 1 dargestellten Schienenlagerung; - Fig. 4
- eine andere Schienenlagerung in einem Querschnitt nach der Linie IV-IV in
Fig. 5 ; - Fig. 5
- eine Draufsicht auf die in
Fig. 4 dargestellte Schienenlagerung; - Fig. 6
- eine Seitenansicht zu der die in
Fig. 1 dargestellten Schienenlagerung.
- Fig. 1
- a rail storage in a cross section along the line II in
Fig. 2 ; - Fig. 2
- a top view of the in
Fig. 1 illustrated rail storage; - Fig. 3
- a side view of the in
Fig. 1 illustrated rail storage; - Fig. 4
- another rail storage in a cross section along the line IV-IV in
Fig. 5 ; - Fig. 5
- a top view of the in
Fig. 4 illustrated rail storage; - Fig. 6
- a side view of the in
Fig. 1 illustrated rail storage.
Bei der Schienenlagerung gemäß den
Zwischen den äußeren Begrenzungsflächen der Zwischenlagen 2 und den inneren Begrenzungsflächen des Rahmens 3 ist jeweils ein Gleitelement 5 angeordnet. Die Schiene 1 stützt sich auf eine Unterlage 6 ab, die sich zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Tragplatte 4 befindet. Die Unterlage 6 besteht aus Gummi oder aus gummielastischem Kunststoff.Between the outer boundary surfaces of the intermediate layers 2 and the inner boundary surfaces of the
Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel besteht die zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Tragplatte 4 vorgesehene Unterlage 6 aus einem Ring mit viereckigem Querschnitt, dessen äußere und innere Begrenzungsflächen sich geradlinig nach unten verjüngen. Die äußeren Begrenzungsflächen der Unterlage 6 stützen sich gegen konische Flächen der Tragplatte 4 ab und die inneren Begrenzungsflächen gegen ein konisches Auflageteil 7, das unter dem Schienenfuß angeordnet ist.In the illustrated embodiment, provided between the rail and the
Der Rahmen 3 ist mittels Schrauben 8 auf der Tragplatte 4 befestigt, wobei die Schrauben 8 durch Federringe 9 gesichert sind. Zwischen dem Rahmen 3 und der Tragplatte 4 ist mindestens eine Isoliereinlage 10 vorgesehen. Die Befestigung der Tragplatte 4 auf dem Untergrund erfolgt mittels Befestigungsplatten 11.The
Die in den
Claims (8)
- Device for mounting rails for rail vehicles, comprising intermediate layers (2), a frame (3), a support plate (4) and a base, wherein the rails (1) are supported by their lateral boundary surfaces via the intermediate layers (2) against the inner boundary surfaces of the rigid frame (3) and wherein arranged below the rail (1) at a spacing from the lower boundary surface of the rail foot is the support plate (4) on which the frame (3) is supported, wherein the mutually adjoining surfaces of the intermediate layers (2) and the frame (3) are formed as slide surfaces which enable sliding of the outer boundary surfaces of the intermediate layers (2) against the inner boundary surfaces of the frame (3), and the base (6) consisting of rubber or rubber-elastic plastics material is provided between the rail foot and the support plate (4), characterised in that the intermediate layers (2) are rigid and that the outer boundary surfaces of the intermediate layers (2) and the inner boundary surfaces of the frame (3) extend vertically rectilinearly.
- Device according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one slide element (5) is arranged between the outer boundary surfaces of the intermediate layers (2) and the inner boundary surfaces of the frame (3).
- Device according to claim 2, characterised in that the slide elements (5) are formed from a plastics material having a high sliding capability and a high degree of wear resistance.
- Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the slide elements (5) are formed from polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE).
- Device according to claim 2, characterised in that the slide elements (5) are formed from rubber or from rubber-elastic plastics material.
- Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the base (6) provided between the rail foot and the support plate (4) extends over the entire width of the rail foot.
- Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the base (6) provided between the rail foot and the support plate (4) consists of a ring with a quadrilateral cross-section which is so constructed that its outer and inner boundary surfaces taper rectilinearly in downward direction and are supported against conical surfaces of the support (6) and against a conical support part (7) provided below the rail foot.
- Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that at least one insulating film (12, 13) is provided between the side surfaces of the rail (1) and the rigid intermediate layers (2) and/or between the foot of the rail (1) and the conical support part (7).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007037038A DE102007037038A1 (en) | 2007-08-06 | 2007-08-06 | Device for storing rails for rail vehicles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2022895A1 EP2022895A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
EP2022895B1 true EP2022895B1 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
Family
ID=39855328
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08011305A Not-in-force EP2022895B1 (en) | 2007-08-06 | 2008-06-21 | Apparatus for mounting rails for rail vehicles |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2022895B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE476550T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102007037038A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103088723B (en) * | 2011-10-29 | 2015-10-28 | 青岛科而泰环境控制技术有限公司 | Track elasticity fastening devices |
CN103088724B (en) * | 2011-10-29 | 2015-06-10 | 青岛科而泰环境控制技术有限公司 | Rail fixing device with function of vertical guidance |
CN202298374U (en) * | 2011-10-29 | 2012-07-04 | 青岛科而泰环境控制技术有限公司 | Rail fixing device with vertical orientation |
CN105274909B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2018-03-23 | 京投发展股份有限公司 | Steel rail vibration reduction fastener |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3030937A1 (en) * | 1980-08-16 | 1982-03-25 | Clouth Gummiwerke AG, 5000 Köln | DEVICE FOR STORING RAILS FOR RAIL VEHICLES |
DE3834329C2 (en) | 1987-10-10 | 1999-12-09 | Phoenix Ag | Rail bearing |
DE4225581A1 (en) * | 1992-08-04 | 1994-02-10 | Hermann Ortwein | Rail for railborne vehicles - has coating of vibration-damping material extending over side surface of rail |
DE4415892C1 (en) * | 1994-05-05 | 1995-08-17 | Heitkamp Gmbh Bau | Permanent way rail mounting |
DE4430881A1 (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-07 | Euka Bauelemente Verkaufsgesel | Elastic bearing system for rail tracks, e.g. for railways, tram and crane tracks etc |
DE19807627A1 (en) | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-26 | Ortwein | Substructure for a track formed by rails for rail vehicles |
DE10100034A1 (en) * | 2001-01-03 | 2002-07-04 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Support point for railway rail, particularly for rail section in area of bridge seam, involves rail having rail head, rail rib, with fishplate chambers and rail foot and running along each long side support evolving from base |
-
2007
- 2007-08-06 DE DE102007037038A patent/DE102007037038A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-06-21 DE DE502008001064T patent/DE502008001064D1/en active Active
- 2008-06-21 EP EP08011305A patent/EP2022895B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-06-21 AT AT08011305T patent/ATE476550T1/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE476550T1 (en) | 2010-08-15 |
DE102007037038A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
EP2022895A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
DE502008001064D1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
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