Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
  • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
  • E05F3/12—Special devices controlling the circulation of the liquid, e.g. valve arrangement
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
  • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
  • E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
  • E05F3/104—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with cam-and-slide transmission between driving shaft and piston within the closer housing
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
  • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
  • E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
  • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
  • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
  • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a door closers with hydraulic damping, of the type comprising a housing that can be positioned in the opening or the frame of a door and causing the return of the door to a closed position, as well as the door equipped with this farm gate.
• a hydraulic damping door closers of the type comprising a housing in which is mounted at least one drive shaft movable in rotation along an axis oriented in a first direction, and at least one roller also movable in rotation along an axis oriented parallel to said first direction.
• This roller cooperates on the one hand with said shaft and on the other hand with at least one piston movable in translation along an axis oriented in a second direction substantially perpendicular and secant to the first direction and subjected to the action of return means.
• At least one other piston movable in translation along an axis oriented along this second direction making it possible to vary the volume of at least two hydraulic chambers connected by a system of ducts formed in a hydraulic cell.
• 128 751 which relates to a door-closer whose case is positioned in a recess, in the lintel above the door and whose return means consist of at least two sets (stacks) of Belleville washers positioned side by side. coast, so as to make it possible to realize a restoring force having different values at different states of opening of the door, as explained in this document.
• the return means have a width such that it is impossible to consider completely conceal the housing in the frame or a fortiori in the door.
• the prior art also knows the German Patent Application No. DE 100 01 950 0 and the British Patent Application GB 0 997 269 which both concern a farm-gate means to split reminder.
• the hydraulic cell is arranged at one end of the housing of the door closer relative to the drive shaft and part of the return means are disposed between this cell and the drive shaft.
• the hydraulic cell is arranged between one part of the return means and the other part.
• the present invention intends to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and in particular the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a compact door closer compact enough to be concealed in the opening or the frame, having improved reliability, whose adjustment means are more accessible and whose closing regulating capacity in the last degrees is increased so that the door closes more slowly.
• the present invention intends to allow closure controlled by the door closer in both directions of closure, at an angle of up to + 180 °, -180 ° or ⁇ 180 ° with respect to the closed position.
• the present invention thus relates in its broadest sense to a hydraulic damping door closer according to claim 1.
• This door is of the type comprising a housing in which is mounted at least one drive shaft rotatable according to an axis oriented in a first direction A, and at least one roller also movable in rotation along an axis oriented parallel to said first direction A, the roller cooperating on the one hand with said shaft and on the other hand with at least one primary piston movable in translation along an axis oriented along a second direction A 'substantially perpendicular and secant to the first direction A and subjected to the action of return means, at least one secondary piston movable in translation along an axis oriented according to the second A direction for varying the volume of at least two hydraulic chambers connected by a system of conduits in a hydraulic cell, said pistons both being on the same side of the drive shaft with respect to the axis of this shaft, oriented in the first direction A.
• the hydraulic cell is positioned longitudinally (in the second direction A ') between the biasing means and the drive shaft, without being in direct contact with either one or the other.
• This cell is fixed relative to the housing of the door closer.
• all the means directly allowing the return of the door are thus located on the same side of the drive shaft.
• Said pistons are preferably mechanically bonded, i.e. they are attached to each other, the primary piston being positioned between the secondary piston and the drive shaft.
• One of the pistons, the secondary piston preferably comprises a plurality of circular shoulders that cooperate with corresponding shapes in the housing to enable at least one distal hydraulic chamber having as many sub-chambers as there is circular shoulders.
• a front duct leaves the proximal chamber, the closest to the drive shaft, and opens into a sub-chamber C of the distal chamber, the furthest from the chamber.
• drive shaft according to the second direction A ' another leading duct leaves the proximal chamber and opens into another sub-chamber C of the distal chamber and a rear duct starts from this other sub-chamber C of the distal chamber and opens into the proximal chamber.
• return means means that are intended to exert the force that will recall, that is to say, bring the door in its closed position.
• said return means comprise a plurality of identical or different Belleville washers mounted substantially coaxially in said second direction.
• the plurality of washers form a single unit: they are all coaxial and positioned so that their axis is perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft.
• At least a portion of said adjacent Belleville washers are mounted head-to-head, that is with the inside diameter of a washer oriented in the opposite direction to the inside diameter of at least one adjacent washer and / or at least a portion of said adjacent Belleville washers are mounted substantially parallel, that is to say with the inner diameter of a washer oriented in the same direction relative to the inner diameter of at least one adjacent washer.
• Said Belleville washers preferably have an identical inner diameter and / or an identical outside diameter.
• said biasing means comprise a leaf spring (s) elastically deformable (s).
• This type of spring comprises one or more sheets (s) made of a material capable of deforming elastically to exert the force that will bring the door back into its closed position, such as an elastomer or a composite material.
• said biasing means comprise a fluid compression spring comprising a piston displacing in a cylinder, the decompression of the fluid then exerting the force which will bring the door back into its closed position.
• said biasing means preferably cause the door to return to a closed position regardless of the direction of opening.
• at least two ducts, and preferably each duct, of the duct system is provided with a flow control means inside the duct.
• These flow control means inside the ducts are preferably each constituted by a needle. These flow control means inside the ducts are preferably positioned flush on an upper, lower or lateral face of the housing, that is to say a face oriented substantially parallel to said second direction A '; they are thus accessible not by an end face of the longitudinal casing but by an upper, lower or even lateral face.
• the drive shaft preferably comprises a removable tip to allow to replace the tip with an arm, possibly articulated.
• the present invention also relates to a door in the opening or the frame of which is positioned a hydraulic damping door closer according to the invention, said door closer being of the type comprising a housing in which is mounted at least one shaft movable rotating drive protruding outside said housing, said drive shaft being connected by this protruding portion respectively to said frame or said opening of the door.
• said housing is hidden inside said opening or said frame.
• the door closer according to the invention is insertable in a profile of wood, aluminum, steel or other, either in the lintel above the door, or in the upper crossbar of the door opening, or in the bottom rail (skirting board) of the door.
• the door-trough according to the invention can be arranged in a floor pivot, that is to say with the housing integrated in the ground, although it is not the main application aimed at achieving a housing of suitable dimensions .
• the door closer preferably does not comprise an articulated lever arm or a sliding arm which extends beyond either the door or the lintel.
• an articulated lever arm or sliding arm can be provided, if necessary and means are provided to allow to adapt such an arm.
• the door closer according to the invention is designed to be installed either at the time of installation of the door which it causes the closure, or to be installed after the installation of the door to allow the closure of a door. door that did not previously have a door closer or that had a failing door closer.
• the force of the door closer is configurable in the assembly workshop from 3 to 5, or even from 2 to 5, (according to the EN 1154 standard) by using different rear housings with different configurations of return means, in particular by using rear casings with Belleville washers of different number and / or size.
• the closing speed can be set in two ranges: from 0 to 30 ° for the end position; from 0 ° to 180 ° over the entire closing range.
• Figure 1 illustrates a general perspective view of the door closer according to the invention
• Figure 2 illustrates a general view from above of the door closer of Figure 1 integrated in the top of a door
• FIG. 3 illustrates a general view in axial longitudinal section along B-B of FIG. 2 when the door is closed, without the door;
• - Figure 4 illustrates a partial longitudinal sectional view along G-G of Figure 2;
• FIG. 5 illustrates a partial view in longitudinal section along H-H of FIG. 2;
• Figure 6 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view along L-L of Figure 3;
• Figure 7 illustrates an enlarged partial view of Figure 3
• Figure 8 illustrates an enlarged partial view in cross-section along J-J of Figure 3
• Figure 9 shows an enlarged partial view of the door closer corresponding to that of Figure 7 but when the door closer is in a fully open position of the door.
• FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the hydraulic damping door closer according to the invention.
• This door-trough (1) comprises a housing consisting of a substantially parallelepipedal front casing (2) and a rear casing (3) with a circular inner section having an axis and an outer shape also parallelepipedal at least over part of its length, this parallelepipedal shape being substantially identical to that of the front casing.
• the front casing and the rear casing are arranged in such a way that the parallelepipedal shapes of the casings are in the extension of one another in order to facilitate the insertion of the casing into a housing formed in the thickness of a door by example. However, they are not in direct contact with each other.
• This hydraulic cell (31) houses a system of ducts passing therethrough and two variable volume hydraulic chambers are arranged at the ends of the cell.
• a rotatable drive shaft (4) is mounted in the housing of the door closer (1) and more precisely in the front housing (2) protruding outside said housing, so that the axis of the shaft is oriented in a first direction A.
• the axis of the rear housing (3) is oriented in a second direction A 'which is perpendicular and secant to the first direction A.
• Figure 2 illustrates a top view of a door P incorporating in its thickness, between its main facades, a door closer according to the invention in the top of the opening.
• the front casing (2) comprises a single tabular roller (5) movable in rotation along an axis oriented parallel to said first direction A, as well as two pistons (7, 8), all two movable in translation along an axis oriented along the second direction A '.
• the roller (5) cooperates on the one hand with said shaft (4) and on the other hand with a first piston (7) which is the primary piston.
• the other piston (8), called “secondary piston” is subjected directly to the action of return means housed in the rear housing (3).
• the pistons (7, 8) and the hydraulic cell (31) are all located on the same side of the drive shaft (4). This results in better reliability and greater precision in the management of movements. If the drive shaft comes to take the game over time, this game will have the same consequences on the pistons and all means for the recall of the door and is thus easy to correct using means of hydraulic flow settings in the hydraulic ducts constituted here by needles (28, 28 ', 28 ") visible in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the housing has an overall length of about 41 cm; the front casing (2) has a width of about 3.6 cm and a height of about 4.2 cm and the rear casing (3) has a width and height substantially identical to those of the front casing (2).
• said biasing means comprise a plurality of identical or different Belleville washers (10) mounted substantially coaxially along said second direction A '.
• the outside diameter of said Belleville washers (10) is substantially identical to the inside diameter of the casing rear (3).
• This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a piston stroke (7) of the order of 7.5 mm.
• Belleville spring reminder means can reach a million cycles without significant loss of characteristics, while a helical spring of equivalent size does not exceed 500,000 cycles without significant loss of characteristics.
• Belleville washers Another advantage of the use of Belleville washers lies in the fact that it avoids any effect of rotation of the return means on themselves, as it previously occurred with the springs. This rotation of the spring often resulted in a rotation of the associated piston and consequently a loss of efficiency.
• a Belleville washer also called “spring washer” is, in known manner an annular washer, generally made of metal or metal alloy, having an inner diameter and an outer diameter, the inner diameter being smaller than the outer diameter, the annular shape not being flat but conical. A Belleville washer thus extends over a height greater than the thickness of the material constituting the ring.
• a Belleville washer depends on the compressive force to which it is subjected. This compression is usually oriented parallel to the axis of the annular shape. Generally, a Belleville washer is made of an elastic material and it resumes its original height when it is no longer subjected to a compressive force.
• the washers that were chosen all had the same inside diameter and the same outside diameter, the same thickness and the same height at rest.
• washers that all have the same inside diameter but some have a different outside diameter, and possibly a different thickness and / or height.
• the roller (5) is mounted inside the front housing (2) on a cylindrical pin (13), via needles (12) mounted between the latter and the cylindrical pin (13).
• the outer diameter of the roller (5) is constant over its entire length, but the shaft (4) has a cam constituted by an increase in its outer radius of curvature substantially over the entire height of the cam profile in contact with the roller ( 5).
• the shaft (4) is preferably mounted at a lower end on a bearing (20), for example a ball bearing and at an upper end on another bearing or on a bearing. needle bushing (20 ').
• the front casing (2) further comprises a non-return plate (33) whose function is to rest on the shaft (4) via an extra thickness arranged opposite the roller (5).
• the shaft (4) is held between the roller (5) and the plate (33). This allows during the different opening / closing phases to ensure the contact between the shaft (4) and the roller (5) by feedback.
• the shaft (4) has a removable tip (34) connected to the cam by a screw (35), thus replacing the tip by an arm, possibly articulated.
• the distal end of the rear casing (3) that is to say the end farthest from the shaft (4), is provided with a distal plug (21) comprising an elastic ring capable of deforming elastically during the insertion of the plug in the end of the rear casing to return to a non-deformed position after insertion, by cooperation with an annular groove formed on the inner face of the rear casing (3).
• a washer (22) of hardened steel is positioned at each end of the return means to prevent premature wear of the contact surface on the one hand distal plug (21) and secondly the secondary piston (8).
• the position of the distal plug (21) could also be a plug screwed into the rear housing (3), thus making it possible to carry out an adjustable preload of the Belleville washers (10).
• An O-ring (19) is also positioned around the shaft (4), at the top cap (25) which holds the inner part of the shaft (4) in the front housing (2).
• the proximal end of the housing i.e. the end closest to the shaft (4), is provided with a bore on the inner face of the front housing (2). This bore is intended to allow to mount by clamping a proximal plug (26).
• the piston (8) is provided at its distal periphery with a composite seal (23) in contact with the inner face of the rear casing (3) at its proximal end to prevent the oil in the hydraulic cell from spreads in the rest of the rear case (3).
• the piston (8) is thus in contact, at a first end with respect to the direction A 'with a washer (22) and at the other end with the roller (5), not directly, but via the primary piston (7) interposed between them.
• the assembly of the secondary piston (8) is connected to the assembly of the primary piston (7) via a stud (40).
• the two pistons constitute an integral assembly movable along the axis A '.
• the secondary piston (8) moves inside the proximal end of the rear casing (3), as well as inside the hydraulic cell (31), without however the oil of the hydraulic cell can come into contact with the mechanical part associated with the secondary piston and in particular with the return means, in order to preserve the oil of the cell from any risk of pollution by mechanical particles coming from these return means.
• the secondary piston (8) passing through the hydraulic cell makes it possible to create two sealed chambers on either side of the hydraulic cell, a distal chamber (9) and a proximal chamber (9 '). The seal between the two chambers is formed by a seal (38).
• the secondary piston (8) has in its part to create the distal chamber (9) of several circular shoulders (41, 42) which cooperate with corresponding shapes in the housing and more precisely the corresponding circular shoulders formed in the face of the hydraulic cell (31) in contact with the distal chamber (9).
• a distal shoulder (41) marks a first decrease in the outer diameter D of the piston (8) to an intermediate value D ', then a proximal shoulder (42) marks a decrease in the outer diameter D' of the piston (8) to a value lower proximal D ".
• the distal chamber (9) can then be divided into two sub-chambers C, C, separated by a seal (45) located between the distal shoulder (41) and the shoulder proximal (42): when the door is closed and the secondary piston is in the proximal position, as can be seen in Figures 7 and 8, the seal (45) cooperates sealingly with the intermediate zone of the piston (8) that having the intermediate diameter D '.
• the primary piston (7) moves inside the distal end of the front housing (2).
• the piston (7) is in contact at a first end with respect to the direction
• the primary piston (7) is also provided at its periphery with an O-ring (27) positioned in the inner face of the front casing (2), in order to prevent the oil in the hydraulic cell from propagating in the direction of the tree (4).
• the O-rings (23, 27) thus mark the respectively distal and proximal limits of the zone containing the oil for the operation of the hydraulic cell (31).
• the hydraulic cell (31) is connected to the front casing (2) and to the rear casing (3) by fitting.
• Four screws (36) resting on an arranged area of the rear casing (3) and penetrating into the front casing (2). Therefore, the forward front housing, the rear housing and the hydraulic cell are mechanically linked by these four screws (36) visible in Figure 6.
• the seal on the one hand between the hydraulic cell (31) and the rear housing (3) and on the other hand between the hydraulic cell (31) and the front casing (2) is provided at the joints, via two seals respectively (37, 37 ').
• a safety valve (17) is positioned on a safety line (39) connecting the chambers (9, 9 ') through the hydraulic cell (31) to allow the passage of oil from the distal chamber (9). ) to the proximal chamber (9 ') in case of overpressure.
• Three other conduits connect the distal and proximal chambers (9, 9 ') through the hydraulic cell (31): Two front ducts (18, 18 ") which allow the fluid to flow from the distal chamber (9) to the proximal chamber (9 '), and
• a rear duct (18 ') which allows the transit of fluid from the proximal chamber (9') to the distal chamber (9).
• the front duct (18) opens into the sub-chamber C of the distal chamber (9), while the front duct (18 ") opens into the sub-chamber C of the distal chamber (9) and the rear duct (18).
• ') also starts from the sub-chamber C of the distal chamber (9).
• At least one duct in particular the rear duct (18 '), comprises a non-return valve (15), as can be seen in FIG. 5, produced here thanks to a ball cooperating with a narrowing of the duct section.
• the three ducts (18, 18 ', 18 "), visible in FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 7, are each provided with a needle (28, 28', 28") making it possible to regulate the flow of oil passing through the led and accessible from the upper face of the housing, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
• the door closer (1) allows the opening of the door in both directions of opening, from 0 ° to 180 ° and causes its automatic closing. However, it is obvious that it can also be used for a door that opens only in a direction and at a smaller angle, 90 ° for example.
• the force of the door closer is configurable from 3 to 5 (according to the standard ENl 154) in the assembly workshop using rear housings (3) of different lengths with a different number of washers.
• the closing speed can be set in two ranges: from 0 to 30 ° for the end position; from 0 ° to 180 ° over the entire closing range.
• the movement rate can be varied between 0-30-180 °.
• the opening of the door drives the shaft (4) in rotation. This rotation causes the translation of the two pistons (7, 8), via the roller (5).
• the piston (7) moving moves the piston (8) which compresses the damping means consist of washers (10) of the type "Belleville" assembled heads spades. The stack of washers is preloaded before mounting the device.
• the proximal chamber (9 ') has a reduced volume.
• the translation of the piston (8) causes the circulation of the oil from the chamber (9) to the chamber (9 ') through the front ducts (18, 18 ").
• the shoulder (42) of the secondary piston (8) is closed. in contact with the seal (45), this has the effect of splitting the distal chamber (9) into two distinct chambers C, C at the end of the stroke.
• the flow rate of the hydraulic return can be modified and the movement speed can be varied between 0-30-180 °.
• the triggering pressure of the valve is obtained by design: no calibration necessary, the stiffness of the spring of the valve, its length in load and the surface of passage of the oil define this pressure.

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• Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
• Actuator (AREA)

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ID=37669626

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Cited By (1)

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• 2006
  • 2006-05-23 FR FR0651895A patent/FR2901567B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-05-23 EP EP07766088.4A patent/EP2019894B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2007-05-23 WO PCT/FR2007/051315 patent/WO2007135341A1/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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