EP2019397B1 - Transformateur électrique - Google Patents

Transformateur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2019397B1
EP2019397B1 EP08010582.8A EP08010582A EP2019397B1 EP 2019397 B1 EP2019397 B1 EP 2019397B1 EP 08010582 A EP08010582 A EP 08010582A EP 2019397 B1 EP2019397 B1 EP 2019397B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
operating state
permissible operating
switching
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08010582.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2019397A3 (fr
EP2019397A2 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Häger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
General Electric Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Technology GmbH filed Critical General Electric Technology GmbH
Publication of EP2019397A2 publication Critical patent/EP2019397A2/fr
Publication of EP2019397A3 publication Critical patent/EP2019397A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2019397B1 publication Critical patent/EP2019397B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means

Definitions

  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a transformer having at least two windings, a selector switch and a load switch, wherein the load switch has at least one over-resistance. It is known to house the windings and the selector switch of a transformer in a transformer housing and the load switch with the one or more switching resistors in a separate switch housing. The two housings are separated from each other with a Transformer oil and a switch oil filled. Now, when arcs in the circuit breaker or overheating of the overshoot resistors occur during operation of the transformer, this can only - if at all - lead to the fact that the switch oil is damaged in the switch housing by outgassing or deposits.
  • the arcing or overheating can not cause the transformer oil in the transformer housing to be affected.
  • the transformer oil retains its insulating properties virtually unchanged.
  • the high requirements in terms of insulation of the windings of the transformer can be met over a long period of time.
  • a disadvantage of the known arrangement is that two housings must be provided, which is obviously associated with a high outlay.
  • an encapsulated component for example an encapsulated vacuum switching device or an encapsulated thyristor circuit.
  • the switching resistances can not be arranged inside the switch housing, but outside in air. The arcs generated by the switching processes then arise within the encapsulated component and thus have no influence on the switch oil. Also, overheating of the switching resistors can not lead to damage to the switch oil, since they are not discharged via the switch oil, but directly into the ambient air.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of operation of a transformer, which overcomes the above disadvantages.
  • the invention solves this problem with a method for operating an electrical transformer according to claim 1.
  • the operating parameters of a non-permissible operating state are determined and stored before commissioning of the transformer, wherein the temperature of the over-resistance reaches a predetermined threshold or exceeds. This makes it possible to specifically prevent the determined non-permissible operating states during operation of the transformer. This can be done in different ways.
  • the non-permissible operating state is explicitly excluded from the operating range of the transformer. This ensures that the transformer is operated only in such a way that non-permissible operating conditions can not arise from the outset.
  • the temperature of the over-resistance is determined. Based on this temperature can then be determined whether a non-permissible operating state exists or is to be expected.
  • the windings and the resistance of the transformer are housed in a common transformer housing filled with a transformer oil. Furthermore, devices or devices are provided which prevent an occurrence of a non-permissible operating state, in which the temperature of the over-resistance reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an electrical transformer.
  • an electrical transformer 10 is shown having a transformer housing 11 in which a selector switch 12, a load switch 13 and two windings 15, 16 are housed.
  • the first winding 15 has a first winding number W1 and is electromagnetically coupled to the second winding 16 having a second winding number W2.
  • the second winding 16 has a plurality of taps 17, via each of which a certain number of stages of the turns W2 of the second winding 16 can be tapped off.
  • the taps 17 are supplied to the selector switch 12, with the two of the taps 17 are selected in a manner not shown.
  • the selector switch 12 is connected to the load switch 13, so that it can be switched by means of the load switch 13 between the two selected taps 17.
  • the load switch 13 On the output side, the load switch 13 may be connected to a star point 19, for example, as indicated in the figure.
  • the load switch 13 includes at least one encapsulated vacuum switching device 21 and at least one switching resistor 22. Instead of the vacuum switching device 21 may also be provided an other encapsulated component with which a load current can be interrupted, for example, a thyristor or the like.
  • the electrical connection of the one or more vacuum switching devices 21 and the one or more switching resistors 22 can be realized in many ways.
  • a good example is the circuit of the DE 23 21 369 directed.
  • the entire transformer housing 11 is filled with a transformer oil 25.
  • the electrical transformer 10 shown in the figure is tested and tested.
  • the transformer 10 is tested with regard to operating conditions in which the temperature of the or the switching resistors 22 reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • This threshold is chosen such that the transformer oil 25 is not exposed to negative influences, as long as the temperature of the switching resistors 22 does not reach this threshold.
  • the threshold value is chosen such that no harmful gas emerges from the transformer oil 25 as long as the temperature of the overshoot resistors 22 drops below the threshold value.
  • the threshold is selected such that no substances or particles are deposited from the transformer oil 25, as long as the temperature of the switching resistors 22 does not reach the threshold. The threshold is thus chosen so that the occurrence a temperature which is less than the threshold, does not lead to damage to the transformer oil 25.
  • this may be an operating state in which the transformer 10 is operated for more than 10 minutes with an overload of 140%. Or it may be an operating state in which the load switch 13 of the transformer 10 performs more than 10 circuits in 3 minutes. Or it may be an operating state in which the load switch 13 of the transformer 10 performs two circuits within 30 seconds. All of these operating states are - as I said - in common that they cause the temperature of the switching resistors 22 at least reaches or exceeds the illustrated threshold.
  • the non-permissible operating states are explicitly excluded from the permissible operating range of the transformer 10.
  • the remaining permissible operating range is communicated to the transformer operator.
  • the transformer 10 can thus be used only for an application in which the non-permissible operating states do not occur.
  • the operator of the transformer 10 must ensure that the operation of the transformer 10 is monitored so that appropriate measures are immediately taken in the event of a foreseeable occurrence of a non-permissible operating state in order to prevent the occurrence of the non-permissible operating state.
  • the transformer 10 is continuously monitored by means of an automated higher-level device. If the facility foresees that an inadmissible operating condition occurs, the facility will take appropriate countermeasures to prevent the occurrence of the non-permissible operating condition.
  • the device may be, for example, a computing device that monitors in particular the switching operations of the load switch 13 and / or optionally also controls. If the probable occurrence of a non-permissible operating state is detected by the device, appropriate countermeasures may be stored in the device for each non-permissible operating state, which countermeasures are then executed.
  • the device can also be, for example, electromechanical components that act in particular on the selector switch 12, and prevent, for example, too fast or too frequent switching of the selector switch 12. It may also be electrical components that cause, for example, a current and / or voltage limitation or suppress current and / or voltage spikes.
  • the one or more overshoot resistors 22 are provided with at least one temperature sensor. It is understood that the temperature of the or the overshoot resistors 22 can be measured in other ways. Thus, it is possible to derive by model calculations, the temperature of a transfer resistor 22 from other operating variables of the transformer 10.
  • the temperature of the over-resistance 22 reaches the predetermined threshold value, this means that there is a non-permissible operating state. This can be detected with the aid of the temperature sensor, and preferably already when it is foreseeable that the reaching of the threshold value is imminent.
  • the temperature sensor may be connected to a higher-level device. If it is detected that a non-permissible operating state is imminent, then the device can take appropriate countermeasures. These can be countermeasures as they have already been explained.
  • the temperature sensor has a direct influence, for example, on the time interval of the successive switching operations of the circuit breaker 13 or the selector 12 has.
  • the temperature sensor may be a component of that electrical circuit with which the vacuum switching device 21 of the load switch 13 is actuated.
  • the one or more switching resistors 22 are provided with one or more devices which counteract heating thereof. These devices may be, for example, in a simple implementation of cooling fins or the like, with which the switching resistors 22 are provided. It is also possible with respect to these devices that the individual switching resistors 22 are mechanically connected to the transformer housing 11 such that at least a portion of the heat generated by the respective switching resistor 22 directly via this preferably metallic connection to the transformer housing 11 and from there to the ambient air is derived.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Protection Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Procédé d'exploitation d'un transformateur électrique (10), le transformateur (10) étant muni d'au moins deux enroulements (15, 16), d'un sélecteur (12) et d'un commutateur de charge (13), et l'interrupteur de charge (13) comprenant au moins une résistance de passage (22), caractérisé en ce que, avant une mise en service du transformateur (10), les paramètres de fonctionnement d'un état de fonctionnement non admissible, dans lequel la température de la résistance de passage (22) atteint ou dépasse une valeur seuil prédéterminée, sont déterminés et enregistrés.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, moyennant quoi, lors du fonctionnement du transformateur (10), l'apparition de l'état de fonctionnement non admissible est empêché grâce au fait que l'état de fonctionnement non admissible est explicitement exclu de la plage de fonctionnement du transformateur (10) ou grâce au fait que l'état de fonctionnement non admissible est détecté et qu'une contre-mesure correspondante est ensuite appliquée.
EP08010582.8A 2007-06-28 2008-06-11 Transformateur électrique Not-in-force EP2019397B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007029905A DE102007029905B4 (de) 2007-06-28 2007-06-28 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Transformators

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2019397A2 EP2019397A2 (fr) 2009-01-28
EP2019397A3 EP2019397A3 (fr) 2011-02-23
EP2019397B1 true EP2019397B1 (fr) 2018-03-28

Family

ID=40075944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08010582.8A Not-in-force EP2019397B1 (fr) 2007-06-28 2008-06-11 Transformateur électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2019397B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007029905B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130137590A (ko) * 2010-08-18 2013-12-17 마쉬넨파브릭 레인하우센 게엠베하 탭 절환기
DE102012207800A1 (de) * 2012-05-10 2013-11-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ortsnetz-Transformator
DE102018131388B4 (de) * 2018-12-07 2020-08-06 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Überwachung von entstehenden gasen in einem isoliermittelhaushalt

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5500598A (en) * 1991-11-16 1996-03-19 Voltech Instruments Limited Apparatus for testing electrical components which have windings

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1460802U (fr) *
DE1460805U (fr) *
DE1464287U (fr) *
DE683103C (de) * 1935-10-12 1939-10-30 Aeg Hochohmiger Widerstand
DE723212C (de) * 1935-10-30 1942-07-31 Aeg Schutzeinrichtung fuer Stufentransformatoren
DE676208C (de) * 1936-03-16 1939-05-30 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Rohrfoermig ausgebildeter Stufenschalter, der in den OElkessel eines Stufentransformators eingebaut ist
DE715186C (de) * 1938-12-03 1941-12-16 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag UEberwachungseinrichtung fuer unter Spannung stehende elektrische Apparate, insbesondere Lastschalter von Regeltransformatoren
DE972299C (de) * 1940-07-26 1959-07-02 Aeg Einrichtung zum Schutz der UEberschaltwiderstaende von Lastschaltern
DE741175C (de) * 1940-08-01 1943-11-05 Aeg Einrichtung zur UEberwachung von elektrischen Apparaten
NL58762C (fr) * 1940-11-09
DE926802C (de) * 1943-03-25 1955-04-25 Aeg UEberwachungseinrichtung fuer unter Hochspannung stehende elektrische Geraete, insbesondere fuer Lastschalter von Stufentransformatoren
DE1009716B (de) * 1944-09-01 1957-06-06 Aeg Einrichtung zum Schutz von Regeltransformatoren
DE7111290U (de) * 1971-03-25 1971-06-24 Transformatoren Union Ag Lastumschalter zum einbau in transformatoren
DE2321369A1 (de) 1973-04-27 1974-11-07 Transformatoren Union Ag Lastwaehler fuer stufenschalter von transformatoren und drosseln
FR2739486B1 (fr) * 1995-09-28 1997-11-14 Magnier Philippe Procede et dispositif de protection contre l'explosion et l'incendie des transformateurs electriques
DE60133315T2 (de) * 2000-12-15 2009-04-30 Abb Technology Ag Zustandsdiagnose eines stufenschalters
DE10253865B4 (de) * 2002-11-15 2007-05-24 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Ermittelung von ein mehrphasiges elektrotechnisches Betriebsmittel charakterisierenden elektrischen Größen

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5500598A (en) * 1991-11-16 1996-03-19 Voltech Instruments Limited Apparatus for testing electrical components which have windings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2019397A3 (fr) 2011-02-23
EP2019397A2 (fr) 2009-01-28
DE102007029905A1 (de) 2009-01-02
DE102007029905B4 (de) 2009-07-02

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