Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
  • F16D13/58—Details
  • F16D13/60—Clutching elements
  • F16D13/64—Clutch-plates; Clutch-lamellae
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
  • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
  • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
  • F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
  • F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/21—Circular sheet or circular blank
  • Y10T428/213—Frictional
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
  • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity

Definitions

• Multilayer in particular two-layer clutch lining and method for its production
• the invention relates to a multilayer friction lining, in particular two-layer clutch lining according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing such a clutch lining.
• Such clutch linings are in particular for friction clutches in
• the clutch linings should have a high bursting speed, so as not to be destroyed by centrifugal forces, have a high coefficient of friction with which a large torque can be transmitted while being wear-resistant and resistant to deforming deformation due to heat and / or forces. Nevertheless, the clutch linings should be as uncomplicated as possible, and thus economical to produce.
• clutch linings or friction linings for clutches two-layer design with a lower part or reinforcing member and with an upper part or friction part to catch with the lower part, which is preferably reinforced, the bursting forces during the Upper part, which may be unreinforced, preferably to ensure the desired frictional properties (DE 44 14 058 A1, US 5,601,174).
• the upper part of the friction lining forms a wear layer, while the lower part essentially performs a support or holding function, for which he should be dimensionally stable.
• the top layer is not distortion-optimized.
• the volume ratio between glass fibers and polyamide fibers in the friction member differs from the volume ratio of such various fibers in the reinforcing member (U.S. Patent No. 4,244,944).
• a two-layered clutch facing of a pressing resin friction part forming a friction face and a reinforcing part in which the pressing resin friction part consists essentially of a matrix consisting of glass fibers and aromatic polyamide fibers is already known is further composed of an inorganic filler, a solid lubricant and a binder resin is (DE 38 04 898 C2).
• the reinforcing member substantially comprises a matrix comprised of a glass fiber bundle or yarn and at least one fiber bundle or yarn selected from a group comprising a rayon fiber bundle or yarn and an aromatic polyamide fiber bundle or yarn , wherein a binder is adhered to the matrix and the fiber bundles or yarns are formed in a spirally wound shape.
• the above-mentioned fiber bundles or yarns constitute bundles of so-called continuous fibers or filaments of appropriate length.
• the strength of the two-layer clutch lining should be increased by the reinforcing member in a spirally wound shape.
• a friction surface with a heat-resistant protective layer is to be achieved, however, the strength of the glass fibers may decrease significantly when the operating temperature of the clutch lining reaches a softening temperature, which is why this no very good anti-wear properties shows.
• the press resin friction member should consist essentially of a matrix having certain volume fractions of glass fibers, at least one type of refractory organic group fibers, polyimide fibers , Polyamide fibers, aromatic polyamide fibers and polybenzimidazole fibers, further comprising at least one kind of heat-resistant inorganic fibers from a group comprising potassium titanate fibers, ceramic fibers, quartz fibers and glassy silica fibers, further comprising inorganic filler, a solid lubricant and binder resin (DE 40 18 671 C2) ,
• the associated reinforcing member is to be composed essentially of a matrix composed of a glass fiber bundle or yarn and a heat-resistant organic fiber bundle or yarn, and a binder composed of a resin and a rubber and adhered to the matrix. wherein the matrix is formed into a spirally wound shape.
• the present invention has for its object to provide a respect to the initially described technical characteristics, in particular a low distortion under load, further improved multi-layer, in particular two-layer clutch lining. Nevertheless, the clutch lining with these properties should be uncomplicated and therefore economical to manufacture. This object is achieved for a multi-layered, in particular two-layer clutch lining with the features of claim 1.
• a multilayer friction lining in particular two-layer clutch lining is proposed, which has a friction part (4, 4a), which forms a friction surface and a reinforcing part (3, 3a).
• the reinforcing member (3, 3a) is wound from a reinforcing yarn and the friction member is wound from a friction yarn.
• the friction yarn has better friction and / or wear properties than the reinforcing yarn.
• the friction member is wound with a friction-winding ratio and the reinforcing member with a reinforcing winding ratio, wherein the friction-winding ratio is greater than or equal to the reinforcing-winding ratio
• the winding ratio in the context of this application defines how often the yarn affects an imaginary circle with a nominal outer diameter of the annular disc-shaped friction part or the shape-like reinforcement part or formulated differently, how often the yarn affects the outer diameter in one revolution of an annular part ,
• selected for the friction yarn or composite yarn should give better tribological properties than that selected for the reinforcing member yarn or composite yarn which in turn should be berstfitschreibschreiber than the friction yarn.
• Winding ratios of friction and reinforcing member can be optimized in two separate areas and each a wider range.
• these ranges are for the winding ratio of 4.5 to 5.0 with a preferred value of 4.72 and the second range of 2.2 to 3.0 with a preferred value of 2.6, as well as the third range from 2.2 to 6.0, with a preferred value of 4.7.
• the first area comprises the values of 1.0 to 1.5 with a preferred value of 1.12 and the second area the values of 2.2 to 3.0 with a preferred value of 2.6 , as well as the third range from 0.2 to 5.2 with a preferred value of 4.7.
• the yarns selected for this purpose are impregnated with a uniform impregnation impregnation solution in which a binder resin, an elastomer and a filler are dispersed. After drying the impregnated yarns prior to winding and subsequent hot pressing, the non-volatile constituents of the impregnating solution form a composite with the windings, whereby thorough mixing takes place along a dividing plane, which ensures a reliable connection of the two coupling layers.
• the multi-layer clutch lining according to the invention not only a balanced compromise of all commonly required technical characteristics of the clutch lining is achieved, but it will be more degrees of freedom that allows a clutch lining of two functional areas, optimally used.
• This forms a substructure (underlayer), ie a reinforcing part of the clutch lining, the basis for dimensional stability and strength and is optimized in this regard.
• the upper layer (overlayer) or the friction part facing a friction partner is specifically optimized tribologically for wear and friction coefficient behavior.
• the strength and the wear behavior are significantly influenced by the types of fiber used.
• the top and bottom construction or friction part and reinforcement part therefore differ in the fiber structure, the yarn types, while the same binder is used with the same fillers.
• the mixing along a parting plane between the reinforcing part and the friction part is used selectively in order to ensure an optimal connection. This allows superior strength values, even after long-term high thermal stress, at the same time achieving very good tribological properties.
• the winding of the reinforcing part is in any case wound on the winding of the friction part, and that one end of the reinforcing yarn from which the winding of the reinforcing part is wound lies in the vicinity of an initial point of the friction yarn from which the Winding the friction member is wound, the end of the reinforcing yarn and the beginning of the friction yarn can be located substantially within a predetermined plane, namely the parting plane, which is more precisely a partial volume of the clutch lining.
• the two windings can be created production-favorable with a winding machine.
• the end of the reinforcing yarn and the beginning of the Reibgarns manufacturing technology are not critical outside the predetermined level, ie the parting plane.
• the essential steps of the uncomplicated manufacturing process of the multilayer clutch lining include, in particular, that of a reinforcing yarn, which preferably gives a high bursting speed, with a reinforcing winding ratio wavy wound winding of the reinforcing member, a winding of the friction member of a selected friction yarn, the preferably has tribological properties and has a glass component or consists of glass, is wound wave-shaped with a friction-winding ratio, the yarns of both windings were impregnated prior to winding with the uniform impregnation solution and then dried so that the existing of the two windings spool time Pressed and temperature controlled, then cured for several hours at 200 0 C to 300 0 C and finally ground and drilled to the two-layer clutch fitting.
• the two-layer clutch lining thus contains both the friction part as well as the reinforcing member with respect to said part aspects individually optimized winding.
• Clutch pads result from the composition of the clutch lining or from the windings that make up the clutch lining:
• a cardieres yarn consisting of aramid fibers, glass staple fibers, viscose fibers, PAN-Fasem and brass wire, can be used.
• Filament blended yarn consisting of glass filament and metal wires.
• the yarns can be used for the friction part as a combination.
• burst-optimized yarns for the reinforcing member are preferably composite filament yarn.
• the filaments are suitably textured used to increase their absorbency for a impregnation process.
• textured glass / copper yarn is used for the reinforcing member.
• both the yarns for the friction member and the yarns for the reinforcing member are each drawn before winding their windings through an impregnating solution, wherein the same impregnation solution for the friction part and the reinforcing member is used to manufacture favorable.
• the impregnating solution is a dispersion which contains in addition to the solvent water at least one component from the group phenolic resin, melamine resin, polyester as a binder resin or thermosetting component, further SBR or NBR rubber as an elastomer and at least one filler from the group barium sulfate, Kaolin, carbon black, metal sulfides, graphites.
• the yarns selected for winding are pulled through the impregnating solution and brought to a constant weight ratio of yarn to the impregnating solution. Then the yarns are dried.
• the winding of the reinforcing member is first wound.
• the friction and wear-optimized yarn selected for the friction part is wound on the reinforcing part, the winding ratios of the wave-shaped windings for the friction part and for the reinforcing part on the one hand optimized for delay and on the other hand set Berstsearchiereoptimiert.
• ranges of the winding ratio for the friction part of 4.5 to 5.0 and from 2.2 to 3.0, and from 2.2 to 6.0 and ranges for the winding ratio for the reinforcing member of 1, 01 to 1 , 5 and from 2.2 to 3.0, and from 0.2 to 5.2 proved to be favorable.
• As a winding ratio for the friction part have 4.72 and 2.6, and 4.7 and as winding ratio for the reinforcing member have 1, 12 and 2.6, and 4.7 proved to be particularly preferred.
• the Wicklinge thus prepared are pressed time and temperature controlled and then cured for several hours at 200 0 C to 300 0 C.
• one of the parts, in particular the reinforcing part can be marked in color.
• FIG. 1 shows a winding pattern of a wave-shaped winding of the reinforcing part
• FIG. 2 shows a winding pattern of a wave-shaped winding of the friction part, which is shown separated from the reinforcing part in the drawing for better illustration;
• Figure 3 is a perspective view of a segment cutout of a two-layer clutch lining according to the invention, comprising a reinforcing member and a friction member, and
• Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through a clutch disc, which is composed of two substantially identical two-layer clutch linings.
• FIGS. 1, 2, on the one hand, and FIG. 4, on the other hand, are reduced to a different degree.
• the winding 1 of the reinforcing member is composed of an impregnated yarn or a yarn combination which is optimally optimized for bursting and has a winding ratio of 1, 12.
• the wound in reality on the winding 1 of the reinforcing member winding 2 of the friction member consists of tribological, ie friction and wear-optimized, impregnated yarns with a distortion-optimized winding ratio of 4.72.
• the reinforcing yarn of the winding 1 of the reinforcing member has a designated 1 a end, which, after the winding 1, the winding 2 of the Friction member is wound in the vicinity of an initial 2a of the friction yarn, from which the winding 2 of the friction member is wound.
• FIG 3 a segment cutout of a finished two-ply clutch lining is shown schematically with a cutting region, protruding from the cut surfaces yarns of a reinforcing member 3 and a friction member 4, which are integrated in the clutch lining.
• the reinforcing member 3 includes the burst-speed-optimized winding 1 with yarn 5 made of glass yarn.
• the distortion-optimized friction part 4 contains the winding 2 alternately with thin yarn 5a of glass yarn and thicker yarn 6 of aramid fibers, which are tribologically optimized.
• the yarns 1, 2 wound on top of each other impregnated with a uniform impregnation solution are compressed and cured together in Figure 3 into a composite and, as shown, ground and drilled to the clutch lining with a front, unmarked friction surface.
• the composite not shown in FIG. 3 consists, apart from the windings, of dried impregnating solution comprising a thermosetting resin such as phenolic resin, melamine resin, polyester, an elastomeric component such as SBR or NBR rubber, a filler such as barium sulfate, kaolin, Carbon black, metal sulfide, graphite and, prior to drying the impregnated yarns, a solvent, especially water.
• a thermosetting resin such as phenolic resin, melamine resin, polyester
• an elastomeric component such as SBR or NBR rubber
• a filler such as barium sulfate, kaolin, Carbon black, metal sulfide, graphite and, prior to drying the impregnated yarns, a solvent, especially water.
• the clutch disc shown in Figure 4 comprises two substantially identical two-layer clutch linings 7, 8, to each of which a parting plane 9 or 10 of the two layers - namely the reinforcing member 3, 3a and the friction member 4, 4a - indicated by broken lines is.
• a parting plane 9 or 10 of the two layers - namely the reinforcing member 3, 3a and the friction member 4, 4a - indicated by broken lines is.
• one of the reinforcing parts 3, 3a in each case passes into one of the friction parts 4, 4a, essentially with the binder with fillers, which form a polymer composite, and partly also with the yarn, as in FIG 4 shown.
• the two clutch linings 7, 8 are on both sides of two pad spring segments 11, 12 - wherein clutch linings and pad spring segments with a rivet 13 in a suitable, previously known manner are interconnected - arranged, with outwardly facing friction parts 4, 4a, with two Not shown outer metal discs can reach as counter elements in frictional engagement.
• the windings are embedded in a polymer composite with fillers of the same material, which also determines the outer shape of the clutch linings.
• a berstfitiereoptimierts yarn is selected for the reinforcing member and Berstmosiereoptim ist is promoted by the winding ratio, with the winding of the reinforcing member after impregnation of the yarn with a suitable temperature control for subsequent compression impregnation and drying is wound wave to pick up the friction part.
• a friction coefficient and wear, ie a tribologically optimized yarn is selected for the friction part, which is wound after impregnation with the same impregnating solution and drying on the winding of the reinforcing part to form a winding of the friction part wavy, with a winding ratio, which Characteristics of the friction part supported. Accordingly, the winding ratio at which the winding of the friction member is wound wave-like, is greater than or equal to the winding ratio, with which the winding of the reinforcing member is wound wave-like.
• the invention can be described as follows:
• a multi-layer, in particular two-layer clutch lining which is produced by hot pressing of a friction part, which forms a friction surface, and a reinforcing member
• the friction member inter alia, a glass component, a filler and a binder resin
• the reinforcing member comprises a coil of a reinforcing yarn comprising a glass yarn to which a binder of a binder resin and an elastomer, especially rubber, adheres.
• the friction member includes a winding made of an impregnated friction yarn, which comprises the glass component and has better friction and / or wear properties than the reinforcing yarn, is wound wave-like.
• the reinforcing yarn of the winding of the reinforcing member and the friction yarn of the winding of the friction member are impregnated with a uniform impregnating solution containing the binder resin, the elastomer and the filler and, after drying before winding and subsequent hot pressing, respectively form a composite with the windings.
• the composite with the winding of the reinforcing part merges with the winding of the friction part.
• a winding ratio in which the winding of the friction member is wound in a wave form is greater than or equal to a winding ratio in which the winding of the reinforcement member is wound.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Braking Arrangements (AREA)
• Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=38356339

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (1)

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Family Cites Families (15)

• 2007
  • 2007-04-10 BR BRPI0710690-4A patent/BRPI0710690A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-04-10 JP JP2009505711A patent/JP2009534590A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-04-10 WO PCT/DE2007/000625 patent/WO2007121704A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-04-10 CN CNA2007800143732A patent/CN101427047A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-04-10 KR KR1020087025584A patent/KR20080110841A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-04-10 EP EP07722183A patent/EP2013510A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-04-10 DE DE200711000840 patent/DE112007000840A5/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2008
  • 2008-10-21 US US12/288,457 patent/US8178182B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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