Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
  • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
  • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
  • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
  • F02P15/08—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having multiple-spark ignition, i.e. ignition occurring simultaneously at different places in one engine cylinder or in two or more separate engine cylinders
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
  • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
  • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
  • F02P9/007—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by supplementary electrical discharge in the pre-ionised electrode interspace of the sparking plug, e.g. plasma jet ignition
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
  • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
  • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
  • F02P2017/125—Measuring ionisation of combustion gas, e.g. by using ignition circuits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
  • F02P3/00—Other installations
  • F02P3/01—Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator

Definitions

• the present invention generally relates to the measurement of an ionization current of a spark plug, in particular resonant type spark plugs, fitted to ignition systems for a motor vehicle.
• the invention is particularly suitable for so - called "radiofrequency" ignition systems comprising candles with resonant structure of the multi - spark type or BME.
• the spark plug is responsible for the formation of an electric arc whose energy is sufficient to trigger the ignition process of the gas mixture contained in the combustion chamber of the engine.
• This electric arc corresponds to the ionization of the gas mixture located between the electrodes of the spark plug, respectively a positive central electrode and a ground electrode.
• the flame front can propagate. His breath can then push some of the mixture against the walls of the cylinder and the top of the piston.
• the elevation of the pressure and temperature is so great that the fuel can remain stuck to the walls, reach its self - ignition point and then ignite in several places. This results in microexplosions producing vibrations in the acoustic domain (between about 5 and 10 KHz). These vibrations are very vivid and can quickly create hot spots that further accentuate the problem.
• the accumulation of microexplosions will tear or melt a small amount of metal on the top of the piston and / or on the walls of the cylinder, which may lead after some time to the destruction of the piston and the walls of the cylinder.
• the measuring means or sensors must be able to operate in a very narrow bandwidth, for example of the order of 7 kHz.
• An object of the invention is to provide means for measuring the bias current in the case of resonant structure type candles. Another object of the invention is to propose measuring means that are sufficiently precise to be able to work in the desired narrow frequency bandwidth.
• the invention proposes a method for measuring an ionization current of a resonant structure type candle fitted to an ignition system for a motor vehicle, in which, during a phase of ignition, said candle is supplied by a voltage generated using a previously loaded control capacitor.
• said ionization current is measured periodically, between two ignition phases, between said regulating capacitor and the ground, after having polarized the spark plug.
• said ionization current is measured by means of measuring means connected between said regulating capacitor and the ground, which is short-circuited during the ignition phases.
• the measuring means are connected only between two ignition phases.
• the ionization current is measured at the end of a damping phase during which the current flowing through the candle decreases progressively.
• a device for measuring an ionization current of a resonant structure type candle fitted to an ignition system for a motor vehicle said spark plug being coupled to a generator comprising a regulating capacitor.
• said generator further comprises biasing means capable of biasing the spark plug, connected between the generator and said spark plug and means for measuring the ionization current of the said spark plug, connected between the control capacitor and the ground.
• the measuring means being connected between the control capacitor and the ground and not directly across the spark plug, it is possible to choose a low spark plug bias resistance, adapted to the current intensity of the spark plug. ionization, which is generally less than 1 mA, and a particular frequency band, for example the frequency band of observation of pinging phenomena.
• the device may further comprise controllable short-circuit means capable of short-circuiting the measuring means.
• the measuring means may comprise a measurement resistor.
• the short-circuit means may comprise a short-circuit transistor connected between the regulation capacitor and the ground, and controlled by a short-circuit voltage generator, and a bias supply connected between the measuring resistance and the mass and adapted to bias said short-circuit transistor.
• the bias supply may comprise on the one hand a supply resistor and a local power supply connected in series, and on the other hand a supply capacitor connected in parallel with the supply resistor and the power supply. local power supply, between the measuring resistor and the mass.
• Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the invention
• Figure 2 illustrates more precisely one embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 3 shows in more detail a module of one embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 4 represents a chronogram of different steps of an embodiment of the invention
• Figures 5 and 6 show embodiments of another block of the invention.
• the reference SYS represents an ignition system for a motor vehicle comprising a BR candle of resonant structure type, well known to those skilled in the art, and described, for example, in French patent applications FR 2 859 830. , FR 2 589 869, FR 2 859 831, in the name of the Applicant.
• the spark plug BR comprises a resonant assembly RS 1 (called coil-plug), comprising an inductive coil L1 and a capacitor C1 which comprises in this example a 1-ceramic base assembly. 2-center electrode 3.
• the BR candle is connected to a GEN generator capable of generating a voltage called "intermediate voltage" high value.
• This high voltage is supplied by the central electrode 3 of capacitor C1.
• An electric arc occurs when the current passes between the central electrode 3 and a ground electrode 4, generating a spark 5.
• the BR candle is connected to GEN generator via a DHT stage called "high voltage driver” connected in series with decoupling means MDEC.
• MPOL spark plug bias means are connected parallel to the high voltage driver DHT and decoupling means MDEC.
• the generator GEN comprises measuring means MMES able to measure the ionization current Ii flowing through the candle
• FIG. 2 illustrates in more detail an embodiment of the blocks of SYS system according to the invention.
• the GEN generator can be produced using a voltage booster type "boost”, according to the expression of the skilled person.
• the generator GEN comprises a supply Vbat here of 12 volts, able to charge a coil called "tank" BRES connected by a first terminal bl to the supply Vbat.
• the charging of the BRES coil is controlled by a transistor M1 connected between the other terminal b2 of the BRES coil and the ground.
• the transistor M1 is controlled by a voltage generator GM1.
• the tank coil BRES discharges into the part of the circuit connected to its terminal b2, via a rectifying diode DR, at a voltage greater than the voltage of 12 volts delivered by the power supply.
• the generator GEN comprises a so-called "ballast" capacitor Cb connected to the output of the rectifying diode DR.
• the generator GEN is connected to the high voltage driver DHT fed by the intermediate voltage Vint, and controlled by a control signal Scom by control means MCOM.
• the Scom control signal is directly at the origin of the creation of the spark generation by the BR candle.
• Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the high voltage driver DHT. This comprises an assembly formed of a coil L2 and a capacitor C2 connected in parallel, receiving as input the intermediate voltage Vint.
• the assembly L2-C2 is connected at the output to a control transistor M5 receiving on its control electrode the control signal Scom.
• the control signal Scom corresponds to a pulse train, generated periodically.
• the transistor M5 charges the coil L2, which resonates with the capacitor C2 and the resonant assembly RS 1, so as to produce high voltage pulses at the natural frequency of the spark plug BR.
• the resonant assembly RS 1 When the resonant assembly RS 1 is excited at its natural frequency, and if its quality factor is high (for example greater than 40), a very high voltage results at the terminals of the capacitor C 1.
• the central electrode of the spark plug BR which is one of the terminals of the capacitor C l, is then brought to a very high voltage capable of triggering sparks.
• the excitation generated by the high voltage driver DHT is transmitted to the resonant structure RS l of the spark plug BR via the decoupling means MDEC, here a decoupling capacitor Cd.
• the decoupling capacitor Cd prevents the continuous connection between the intermediate voltage Vint and the central electrode of the candle 3. This break in connection prevents electric shocks or electrocutions to human beings.
• the function of the decoupling capacitor Cd is to prevent this type of charge transfer.
• the generator may be a lift-type transformer that prevents DC transfer. In this case, the use of a decoupling capacitor is no longer necessary.
• MPOL polarization means are used to maintain a preferentially positive polarization after the generation of the spark, on the central electrode 3 of the BR candle.
• the biasing means MPOL may be formed by a resistor Rpol connected between the output of the rectifying diode DR delivering the intermediate voltage Vint and the output of the decoupling means MDEC, here the capacitor Cd.
• a simple solution to measure then the The ionization current would be to connect across the polarization resistor Rpol a circuit capable of dividing the value of the voltage, converting the value of the voltage thus divided into current, and then measuring it.
• These conventional assemblies and well known to those skilled in the art can be achieved using a discrete transistor differential amplifier, or an operational amplifier, or using a mounting using mirrors of current. However, these assemblies, comprising a voltage divider, reduce the accuracy required for a measurement of a very low ionization current.
• the invention consists in using a polarization resistor with a small value so as to maintain maximum precision when measuring the ionization current, and to couple the measurement means not to the terminals of the polarization resistor Rpol but between the capacitor Cb and the mass, within the GEN generator.
• These measurement means MMES comprise a measurement resistor Rm and a measurement terminal Bm where the ionization current is measured.
• these measuring means MMES are associated with MCC short-circuit means comprising an INT switch connected in parallel to the measurement resistor Rm, this INT switch being controlled by a GCC short-circuit generator.
• the switch is preferably fast and of very low impedance.
• FIG. 4 illustrates the different steps of an operating mode of the invention during a period T.
• the transistor M1 becomes on and allows the charging of the capacitor Cb.
• control signal Scom controls the transistor M5, with the aid of a pulsed control signal (the pulses being for example at the frequency of 5 MHz), triggering the phase ignition proper, and the generation of sparks by the BR candle.
• the control signal becomes inactive again.
• the ignition current (having a high amplitude) naturally and gradually attenuates within the BR candle, due to the existence of parasitic resistances.
• the short-circuit means are active and short-circuit the measurement resistance. Therefore, the capacitor Cb is connected between the rectifying diode DR and the ground.
• the transistor M2 renders the short-circuit means inactive, and the capacitor Cb then discharges through the measurement resistor Rm.
• the discharge current of the capacitor Cb corresponds to the ionization current flowing through the resistance Rpol, in the candle BR then in the mixture in combustion.
• the value of the ionization current is then measured at the measuring terminal Bm.
• FIG. 5 represents an embodiment of the switch
• the controllable switch is made by a transistor, here MOS type M2, whose control electrode is connected to the GCC generator.
• MOS type M2 whose control electrode is connected to the GCC generator.
• a bias is introduced using an Apol bias supply connected between the measurement resistor Rm and the ground.
• the bias supply Apol comprises a capacitor Cal connected to a local supply Aloc via a supply resistor RaI.
• the local supply Aloc can be for example a battery voltage or a power supply at 5 volts.
• Ii (Voltage_Apol - Tension_Bm) / Rm
• the invention thus makes it possible to measure the ionization current very precisely and in a well defined frequency range, for example adapted to the detection of pinging phenomena.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
• Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=37459366

Family Applications (1)

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• 2006
  • 2006-04-03 FR FR0602883A patent/FR2899394B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-03-09 RU RU2008143307/07A patent/RU2439363C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-03-09 KR KR1020087018981A patent/KR20080104121A/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2007-03-09 US US12/162,620 patent/US8040137B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-03-09 BR BRPI0707894-3A patent/BRPI0707894A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-03-09 MX MX2008012676A patent/MX2008012676A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2007-03-09 EP EP07731715A patent/EP2002117B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2007-03-09 AT AT07731715T patent/ATE509201T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-03-09 JP JP2009503620A patent/JP2009532626A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-03-09 WO PCT/FR2007/050899 patent/WO2007113407A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-03-09 ES ES07731715T patent/ES2363450T3/es active Active
  • 2007-03-09 CN CN2007800042996A patent/CN101379288B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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