EP2002061B1 - Drilling tool - Google Patents

Drilling tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2002061B1
EP2002061B1 EP07731865A EP07731865A EP2002061B1 EP 2002061 B1 EP2002061 B1 EP 2002061B1 EP 07731865 A EP07731865 A EP 07731865A EP 07731865 A EP07731865 A EP 07731865A EP 2002061 B1 EP2002061 B1 EP 2002061B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
tool
cutters
drums
axes
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EP07731865A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2002061A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Chagnot
Fabrice Mathieu
Daniel Perpezat
Jean-Claude Riglet
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Priority to PL07731865T priority Critical patent/PL2002061T3/en
Publication of EP2002061A1 publication Critical patent/EP2002061A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drilling tool for producing walls in the soil resulting from mixing the cut soil and an additional binder.
  • On-site mixing techniques of soil drilled to a hydraulic binder are now widely used to improve foundation soils.
  • the tools used generally implement specific equipment resembling augers rotated along a vertical axis. These machines make it possible to produce rectangular wall elements by juxtaposing several augers, which leads to using high power machines when the trench must reach depths greater than 10 m.
  • this mixture must be left in place in the trench in progress in order to obtain a thin wall in the soil resulting from the setting of the ground mixture-hydraulic binder, wall whose shape is defined by that of the trench .
  • This machine consists essentially of two pairs of cutters mounted on a support structure. Each pair of cutters is connected to a hydraulic motor. These motors are housed in a relatively large box arranged above strawberries.
  • the box in which the motors are mounted has a relatively large apparent surface.
  • the presence of this box of large size considerably hinders the ascent of the tooling after the mixing has been carried out since the box must "make its way” into the kneaded material consisting of soil cuttings and hydraulic binder.
  • the presence of this box can promote the blocking of the machine in the panel filled with the mixture consisting of drill cuttings and hydraulic binder, during its ascent.
  • the two pairs of cutters being driven from the same motor, all the cutters have the same speed of rotation. However, in some cases, it is interesting to be able to give each pair of cutters a different speed of rotation, in particular to correct vertical defects during the digging of the trench.
  • the power of the motor is distributed between the two pairs of milling cutters in normal operation. On the other hand, if one pair of milling cutters hangs, the entire motor power must be supported by the other pair of milling cutters. This therefore requires a mechanical dimensionnemeht of the system that takes this situation into account.
  • Excavation machines are also known for making trenches in the ground. These machines are most often constituted by two pairs of rotary cutters mounted at the lower end of a large frame. The upper end of the frame is integral with levitation means which are generally constituted by cables.
  • the frame of the machine has a generally rectangular shape whose dimensions are substantially equal to the overall dimensions of the pairs of strawberries.
  • the dimensions of the cross section of the frame are substantially equal to those of the horizontal section of the trench portion which allows the machine to be made during its downward movement.
  • the walls of the frame are substantially in contact with the walls of the trench portion being produced which ensures the vertical guidance of the machine to obtain a trench portion also substantially vertical.
  • the land cut by the cutters is discharged by a suction pipe whose suction mouth is disposed between the walls of strawberries below the frame.
  • the present invention relates to a drilling tool of this type which avoids the two disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the drilling tool comprises the features of claim 1.
  • the tooling does not include a box containing the motor or bulky transmission systems. Furthermore, each motor can be controlled independently and give each pair of cutters a different speed of rotation. Because there is no box above the cutters tooling, it is understood that the rise of the tool in the mixture cuttings / hydraulic binder is greatly promoted. This ascent is made even easier by the particular shape of the support structure of which only the edge is likely to oppose the raising of the drilling tool, or this edge has reduced dimensions and has a suitable shape.
  • the motors are hydraulic and the tooling further comprises feed pipe assemblies of said motors consisting of holes in the thickness of the shell of the support structure.
  • these supply lines are fully disposed within the plate and can not oppose the recovery of the tool after the completion of the trench and the mixing of cuttings with the hydraulic binder.
  • the upper edge of the plate of the support means is tapered. This further promotes the recovery of the drilling tool through the mixture cuttings drilling / hydraulic binder.
  • the levitation means comprise at least one guide portion whose lower end is directly integral with the flange of the support structure.
  • the dimensions of the flange, which is horizontal, are substantially equal to that of the cross section of the guide beam.
  • the flange is only an extension of the guide portion and therefore does not oppose this rise.
  • the thickness of the guide beam, in the direction of the axes of rotation of the cutters is less than half the length of the axis of rotation of a pair of milling cutters and the width of the section of the Guiding beam is less than one third of the size of the two pairs of milling cutters in the horizontal direction perpendicular to said axis of rotation.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a drilling machine using the drilling tool according to the invention.
  • the tooling 12 is guided in the trench by a guide beam 14 of constant profile and preferably of rectangular cross section. Tooling 12 is attached to the lower end 14a of the beam.
  • the guide beam 14 makes it possible to transmit the thrust and traction forces on the tooling 12. It also makes it possible to protect the supply lines of the tooling by hydraulic binding, as well as the power supply lines of the motors. rotating the strawberries.
  • the guide beam 14 is connected by guiding and driving means 16, 18 to a vertical mast 20.
  • the mast is supported by a crawler carrier 22 on which a hydraulic power generation system 24 is installed.
  • the tool 12 is moved vertically in the ground to make a trench panel by drilling the soil and mixing the cuttings with the hydraulic binder. .
  • the guide beam 14 is shown at the lower end 14a of which the drilling tool itself is fastened.
  • This drilling tool consists of two pairs of milling cutters 26, 28, 30, 32, the milling cutters. the same pair being coaxial and the axes of rotation of the cutters being parallel and substantially horizontal in use.
  • the motors for rotating the cutters 26 to 32 are arranged inside the burs themselves, which avoids having to provide an external motor of training of these strawberries.
  • the pairs of cutters 26 to 32 are connected to the lower end 14a of the guide beam by a support structure bearing the general reference 34.
  • the support structure 34 may be equipped with scraping systems 36 which allow when the soil is sticky, remove the soil that adheres to the strawberries between their teeth 38.
  • the support structure 34 is constituted firstly by a plate 40 which consists, in the particular embodiment described, in two half-plates 42 and 44 connected to each other by a triangular piece 46 connecting the two half-plates 42 and 44. to a fastening flange 48 for securing the support structure 34 with the lower end 14a of the guide beam.
  • This flange 48 is of course substantially horizontal and therefore orthogonal to the half-plates 42 and 44.
  • the fastening flange has substantially the same dimensions as the horizontal cross section of the guide beam 14.
  • the lower ends 44a , 42a of the half-plates are equipped on each of their faces with pairs of coaxial cylindrical ferrules 50, 52 and 54, 56. These ferrules whose X, X 'and Y, Y' axes are orthogonal to the half-plates 42 and 44 are used on the one hand for mounting the hydraulic motors and on the other hand for guiding in rotation the drums on which the strawberries themselves are mounted.
  • the guide beam 14 in horizontal cross section, dimensions which are very small compared to those of the drilling tool 12 and therefore compared to those of drilling performed by the tool.
  • the thickness I of the flange 48 is less than half the length H (see figure 4 ) of the axis of a wall of the cutters 26 to 32.
  • the width I (see figure 5 ) of the flange 48 is less than one third of the length L (see figure 4 ) of the drilling tool 12, that is to say of its maximum size in a horizontal plane.
  • the upper edge or edge 44b, 42b of each half-plate has a first portion 44c, 42c which is substantially horizontal and of reduced length and downwardly inclined portions 44d, 42d which constitute the sides of a triangle of which the top would be disposed towards the flange 48. More preferably, the edges or slices 42b, 44b of the half-plates 42 and 44 are beveled as best shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the upper edge of the plate 40 has a shape that promotes the rise of the drilling tool in the cut soil mixture / hydraulic binder contained in the trench.
  • the rotary milling motors of cutters are preferably hydraulic motors.
  • the power fluid supply pipes are constituted by holes such as 58 and 60 made in the thickness of the half-plates 42 and 44.
  • the upper end of the pipes 58, 60 opens into holes such as 62 in the flange 48 for connecting the pipes 58 and 60 to the power fluid supply pipes disposed in the guide beam 14.
  • scraping systems 36 are fixed on either side of the central triangular piece 46 of the support means 34. These scraping systems 36 comprise scraping pieces such as 64 which are nested. between the rows of teeth 38, 38 ', 38 "strawberries to remove the soil that could adhere to strawberries between these teeth.
  • scraping systems 36 have a profile that promotes the raising of the drill bit into the cuttings / hydraulic binder.
  • Hydraulic motors such as 70 which are fixed in the shells 50 to 56 are first shown.
  • the output shafts of the motors 70 are connected. mechanically in rotation and in translation to drums such as 72 on which are mounted the actual burs 30-36 with their teeth 38, 38 'and 38 ".
  • the ends of the hydraulic fluid supply pipes 58 and 60 are connected by any suitable means to the system supply of hydraulic motors 70.
  • the half-plates 42 and 44 have a reduced thickness and an upper edge 44b, 42b whose profile, as already explained, promotes the recovery of the tooling.
  • the drilling tool has a width H in the direction of axes of rotation X, X ', Y, Y' equal to 800 mm and a length L in the direction orthogonal to these axes of 2800 mm.
  • the surface opposing the ascent is less than 5% of the surface of the tooling. Indeed, during the ascent, the cutters are rotated and therefore do not oppose said lift. In the case of a cutting tool equipped with pairs of cutters whose axes have a width of 500 mm, this ratio is slightly less than 10%. In general, the ratio of the surfaces will preferably be less than 10%.
  • the thickness e of the support plate 40 is less than 15% of the width H of the tool in the direction of the axes of rotation X, X 'and Y, Y'. More preferably, this ratio is at most equal to 10%. The value of this report depends on the dimensions of the cutters. The larger these are, the more the ratio can be reduced. Indeed, the plate means 40 have a minimum thickness of 50 to 60 mm to give it sufficient strength and to allow the realization of the internal supply lines of the engines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un outillage de forage pour la réalisation de parois dans le sol résultant du mélange du sol découpé et d'un liant additionnel.The present invention relates to a drilling tool for producing walls in the soil resulting from mixing the cut soil and an additional binder.

Les techniques de mélange sur place du terrain foré à un liant hydraulique (en anglais soil mixing) sont aujourd'hui d'utilisation courante pour améliorer les sols de fondations. Les outillages utilisés mettent généralement én oeuvre des équipements spécifiques ressemblant à des tarières mises en rotation selon un axe vertical. Ces machines permettent de réaliser des éléments de parois rectangulaires par juxtaposition de plusieurs tarières, ce qui conduit à utiliser des machines de forte puissance dès lors que la tranchée doit atteindre des profondeurs supérieures à 10 m.On-site mixing techniques of soil drilled to a hydraulic binder (in English soil mixing) are now widely used to improve foundation soils. The tools used generally implement specific equipment resembling augers rotated along a vertical axis. These machines make it possible to produce rectangular wall elements by juxtaposing several augers, which leads to using high power machines when the trench must reach depths greater than 10 m.

Depuis quelques années, il existe un nouveau type de machine permettant de réaliser des éléments de fondation rectangulaires en béton de sol, c'est-à-dire par mélange du sol creusé pour réaliser une portion de tranchée avec un liant hydraulique et malaxage de ce mélange. Cette opération sera désignée dans la présente demande de brevet par l'expression "creuser une tranchée avec mélange des déblais avec un autre matériau".In recent years, there is a new type of machine for producing rectangular foundation elements in soil concrete, that is to say by mixing the ground dug to make a trench portion with a hydraulic binder and kneading of this material. mixed. This operation will be referred to in this patent application as "digging a trench with mixing the cuttings with another material".

Bien entendu, ce mélange doit être laissé en place dans la tranchée en cours de réalisation afin d'obtenir une fine paroi dans le sol résultant de la prise du mélange sol découpé-liant hydraulique, paroi dont la forme est définie par celle de la tranchée.Of course, this mixture must be left in place in the trench in progress in order to obtain a thin wall in the soil resulting from the setting of the ground mixture-hydraulic binder, wall whose shape is defined by that of the trench .

Une machine de ce type est décrite par exemple dans les demandes de brevet US 2005/0000123 et US 2004/0234345 . et du document EP 1 746 213 , compris dans l'état de la téchnique selon l'article 54(3) CBE.A machine of this type is described for example in patent applications US 2005/0000123 and US 2004/0234345 . and document EP 1 746 213 , understood in the state of the art according to Article 54 (3) EPC.

Cette machine est essentiellement constituée par deux paires de fraises montées sur une structure de supportage. Chaque paire de fraises est reliée à un moteur hydraulique. Ces moteurs sont logés dans un caisson relativement volumineux disposé au-dessus des fraises.This machine consists essentially of two pairs of cutters mounted on a support structure. Each pair of cutters is connected to a hydraulic motor. These motors are housed in a relatively large box arranged above strawberries.

Lorsque le moteur est monté dans un caisson volumineux, l'inconvénient présenté par cette machine consiste dans le fait que le caisson dans lequel sont montés les moteurs présente une surface apparente relativement importante. La présence de ce caisson de dimension importante gêne considérablement la remontée de l'outillage après la réalisation du malaxage puisque le caisson doit "se frayer un chemin" dans le matériau malaxé consistant dans les déblais du sol et le liant hydraulique. Dans certains cas, la présence de ce caisson peut favoriser le blocage de la machine dans le panneau rempli du mélange constitué par les déblais de forage et le liant hydraulique, lors de sa remontée.When the motor is mounted in a large box, the disadvantage presented by this machine is that the box in which the motors are mounted has a relatively large apparent surface. The presence of this box of large size considerably hinders the ascent of the tooling after the mixing has been carried out since the box must "make its way" into the kneaded material consisting of soil cuttings and hydraulic binder. In some cases, the presence of this box can promote the blocking of the machine in the panel filled with the mixture consisting of drill cuttings and hydraulic binder, during its ascent.

Dans la machine de ce type, décrite dans la demande de brevet US 2005/0229440 , les deux paires de fraises sont reliées par une transmission commune à un unique moteur qui peut être situé au-dessus de la surface du sol. La transmission est alors complexe et son rendement médiocre.In the machine of this type, described in the patent application US 2005/0229440 , the two pairs of milling cutters are connected by a common transmission to a single motor which can be located above the surface of the ground. Transmission is complex and poor performance.

De plus, les deux paires de fraises étant entraînées à partir d'un même moteur, toutes les fraises ont la même vitesse de rotation. Or dans certains cas, il est intéressant de pouvoir donner à chaque paire de fraises une vitesse de rotation différente, notamment pour corriger des défauts de verticalité lors du creusement de la tranchée. En outre, la puissance du moteur est répartie entre les deux paires de fraises en fonctionnement normal. En revanche, si une paire de fraises se bloque, la totalité de la puissance du moteur doit être supportée par l'autre paire de fraises. Cela oblige donc à un dimensionnemeht mécanique du système qui prend cette situation en compte.In addition, the two pairs of cutters being driven from the same motor, all the cutters have the same speed of rotation. However, in some cases, it is interesting to be able to give each pair of cutters a different speed of rotation, in particular to correct vertical defects during the digging of the trench. In addition, the power of the motor is distributed between the two pairs of milling cutters in normal operation. On the other hand, if one pair of milling cutters hangs, the entire motor power must be supported by the other pair of milling cutters. This therefore requires a mechanical dimensionnemeht of the system that takes this situation into account.

On connaît également des machines d'excavation pour réaliser des tranchées dans le sol. Ces machines sont constituées le plus souvent par deux paires de fraises rotatives montées à l'extrémité inférieure d'un châssis de dimensions importantes. L'extrémité supérieure du châssis est solidaire de moyens de sustentation qui sont en général constitués par des câbles.Excavation machines are also known for making trenches in the ground. These machines are most often constituted by two pairs of rotary cutters mounted at the lower end of a large frame. The upper end of the frame is integral with levitation means which are generally constituted by cables.

En section horizontale le châssis de la machine a une forme générale rectangulaire dont les dimensions sont sensiblement égales aux dimensions globales des paires de fraises. Ainsi, les dimensions de la section droite du châssis sont sensiblement égales à celles de la section horizontale de la portion de tranchée qui permet de réaliser la machine lors de son mouvement de descente.In horizontal section the frame of the machine has a generally rectangular shape whose dimensions are substantially equal to the overall dimensions of the pairs of strawberries. Thus, the dimensions of the cross section of the frame are substantially equal to those of the horizontal section of the trench portion which allows the machine to be made during its downward movement.

Ainsi, les parois du châssis sont sensiblement au contact des parois de la portion de tranchée en cours de réalisation ce qui assure le guidage vertical de la machine afin d'obtenir une portion de tranchée également sensiblement verticale.Thus, the walls of the frame are substantially in contact with the walls of the trench portion being produced which ensures the vertical guidance of the machine to obtain a trench portion also substantially vertical.

En outre, le terrain découpé par les fraises est évacué par une tubulure d'aspiration dont la bouche d'aspiration est disposée entre les parois de fraises en dessous du châssis.In addition, the land cut by the cutters is discharged by a suction pipe whose suction mouth is disposed between the walls of strawberries below the frame.

Il est bien évident qu'une telle machine d'excavation est totalement incapable de réaliser un mélange entre le terrain découpé avec le liant hydraulique, ce mélange étant laissé en place dans la portion de tranchée en cours de réalisation afin d'obtenir l'élaboration de la paroi dans le sol.It is obvious that such an excavating machine is totally incapable of making a mixture between the ground cut with the hydraulic binder, this mixture being left in place in the trench portion being produced in order to obtain the elaboration of the wall in the ground.

Les documents EP 0 262 050 et GB 1 430 617 décrivent une telle machine.The documents EP 0 262 050 and GB 1,430,617 describe such a machine.

La présente invention a pour objet un outillage de forage de ce type qui permet d'éviter les deux inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus.The present invention relates to a drilling tool of this type which avoids the two disadvantages mentioned above.

Pour atteindre ce but, selon l'invention, l'outillage de forage comprend les caractéristiques de la revendication 1.To achieve this object, according to the invention, the drilling tool comprises the features of claim 1.

On comprend que, comme les moteurs d'entraînement des fraises sont disposés à l'intérieur de celles-ci, l'outillage ne comporte pas de caisson contenant le moteur ou de systèmes de transmission volumineux. Par ailleurs, chaque moteur peut être commandé indépendamment et conférer à chaque paire de fraises une vitesse de rotation différente. Du fait qu'il n'y a pas de caisson au-dessus des fraises de l'outillage, on comprend que la remontée de l'outillage dans le mélange déblais de forage/liant hydraulique est considérablement favorisée. Cette remontée est encore rendue plus aisée par la forme particulière de la structure support dont seul le bord est susceptible de s'opposer à la remontée de l'outillage de forage, or ce bord a des dimensions réduites et a une forme adaptée.It will be understood that since the drive motors for the milling cutters are arranged inside them, the tooling does not include a box containing the motor or bulky transmission systems. Furthermore, each motor can be controlled independently and give each pair of cutters a different speed of rotation. Because there is no box above the cutters tooling, it is understood that the rise of the tool in the mixture cuttings / hydraulic binder is greatly promoted. This ascent is made even easier by the particular shape of the support structure of which only the edge is likely to oppose the raising of the drilling tool, or this edge has reduced dimensions and has a suitable shape.

De préférence, les moteurs sont hydrauliques et l'outillage comprend en outre des ensembles de conduite d'alimentation desdits moteurs constitués par des perçages dans l'épaisseur de la planque de la structure support. Ainsi, ces conduites d'alimentation sont entièrement disposées à l'intérieur de la plaque et ne peuvent s'opposer à la remontée de l'outillage après la réalisation de la tranchée et le malaxage des déblais de forage avec le liant hydraulique.Preferably, the motors are hydraulic and the tooling further comprises feed pipe assemblies of said motors consisting of holes in the thickness of the shell of the support structure. Thus, these supply lines are fully disposed within the plate and can not oppose the recovery of the tool after the completion of the trench and the mixing of cuttings with the hydraulic binder.

De préférence également, la tranche supérieure de la plaque des moyens support est biseautée. Cela favorise encore la remontée de l'outillage de forage à travers le mélange déblais de forage/liant hydraulique.Also preferably, the upper edge of the plate of the support means is tapered. This further promotes the recovery of the drilling tool through the mixture cuttings drilling / hydraulic binder.

De préférence encore, les moyens de sustentation comprennent au moins une partie de guidage dont l'extrémité inférieure est directement solidaire de la bride de la structure support.More preferably, the levitation means comprise at least one guide portion whose lower end is directly integral with the flange of the support structure.

De préférence également, les dimensions de la bride, qui est horizontale, sont sensiblement égales à celle de la section droite de la poutre de guidage.Also preferably, the dimensions of the flange, which is horizontal, are substantially equal to that of the cross section of the guide beam.

Ainsi, lors de la remonté de l'outillage dans la tranchée remplie du mélange déblais-liant hydraulique la bride ne constitue qu'un prolongement de la partie de guidage et ne s'oppose donc pas à cette remontée.Thus, during the reassembly of the tool in the trench filled with the cuttings-hydraulic binder mixture the flange is only an extension of the guide portion and therefore does not oppose this rise.

De préférence aussi, l'épaisseur de la poutre de guidage, selon la direction des axes de rotation des fraises est inférieure à la moitié de la longueur de l'axe de rotation d'une paire de fraises et la largeur de la section de la poutre de guidage est inférieure au tiers de l'encombrement des deux paires de fraises selon la direction horizontale perpendiculaire audit axe de rotation.Also preferably, the thickness of the guide beam, in the direction of the axes of rotation of the cutters is less than half the length of the axis of rotation of a pair of milling cutters and the width of the section of the Guiding beam is less than one third of the size of the two pairs of milling cutters in the horizontal direction perpendicular to said axis of rotation.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif. La description se réfère aux figures annexées, sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'une installation de forage utilisant l'outillage de forage selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de l'outillage de forage avec sa poutre de guidage ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en élévation de l'ensemble de l'outillage de forage ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de dessus partiellement fantôme de l'outillage de forage ; et
  • la figure 5 est une vue en perspective des moyens de support des fraises de l'outillage de forage.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting example. The description refers to the appended figures, in which:
  • the figure 1 is an elevational view of a drilling rig using the drilling tool according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of the drilling tool with its guide beam;
  • the figure 3 is an elevational view of the entire drilling tool;
  • the figure 4 is a partially ghosted top view of the drilling tool; and
  • the figure 5 is a perspective view of the support means of the cutters of the drilling tool.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une machine de forage utilisant l'outillage de forage conforme à l'invention. L'outillage 12 est guidé dans la tranchée par une poutre de guidage 14 de profil constant et de préférence à section droite rectangulaire. L'outillage 12 est fixé à l'extrémité inférieure 14a de la poutre. La poutre de guidage 14 permet de transmettre les efforts de poussée et de traction sur l'outillage 12. Elle permet également de protéger les conduites d'alimentation de l'outillage en liant hydraulique, ainsi que les conduites d'alimentation en énergie des moteurs entraînant en rotation les fraises. La poutre de guidage 14 est reliée par des moyens de guidage et d'entraînement 16, 18 à un mât vertical 20. Le mât est supporté par un porteur sur chenilles 22 sur lequel est installé un système de génération de puissance hydraulique 24.On the figure 1 , there is shown a drilling machine using the drilling tool according to the invention. The tooling 12 is guided in the trench by a guide beam 14 of constant profile and preferably of rectangular cross section. Tooling 12 is attached to the lower end 14a of the beam. The guide beam 14 makes it possible to transmit the thrust and traction forces on the tooling 12. It also makes it possible to protect the supply lines of the tooling by hydraulic binding, as well as the power supply lines of the motors. rotating the strawberries. The guide beam 14 is connected by guiding and driving means 16, 18 to a vertical mast 20. The mast is supported by a crawler carrier 22 on which a hydraulic power generation system 24 is installed.

On comprend qu'en commandant les déplacements de la poutre de guidage 14 en montée et en descente, on déplace verticalement l'outillage 12 dans le sol pour réaliser un panneau de tranchée par forage du sol et malaxage des déblais de forage avec le liant hydraulique.It is understood that by controlling the displacements of the guide beam 14 up and down, the tool 12 is moved vertically in the ground to make a trench panel by drilling the soil and mixing the cuttings with the hydraulic binder. .

Sur la figure 2, on a représenté la poutre de guidage 14 à l'extrémité inférieure 14a de laquelle est fixé l'outillage de forage proprement dit 12. Cet outillage de forage est constitué par deux paires de fraises 26, 28, 30, 32, les fraises d'une même paire étant coaxiales et les axes de rotation des fraises étant parallèles et sensiblement horizontaux en utilisation. Comme on l'expliquera ultérieurement, selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, les moteurs permettant la mise en rotation des fraises 26 à 32 sont disposés à l'intérieur des fraises elles-mêmes, ce qui évite de devoir prévoir un moteur externe d'entraînement de ces fraises.On the figure 2 the guide beam 14 is shown at the lower end 14a of which the drilling tool itself is fastened. This drilling tool consists of two pairs of milling cutters 26, 28, 30, 32, the milling cutters. the same pair being coaxial and the axes of rotation of the cutters being parallel and substantially horizontal in use. As will be explained later, according to an essential characteristic of the invention, the motors for rotating the cutters 26 to 32 are arranged inside the burs themselves, which avoids having to provide an external motor of training of these strawberries.

Plus précisément, les paires de fraises 26 à 32 sont reliées à l'extrémité inférieure 14a de la poutre de guidage par une structure support portant la référence générale 34. En variante, la structure support 34 peut être équipée de systèmes de raclage 36 qui permettent, lorsque le sol est collant, d'enlever le sol qui adhère aux fraises entre leurs dents 38.More specifically, the pairs of cutters 26 to 32 are connected to the lower end 14a of the guide beam by a support structure bearing the general reference 34. As a variant, the support structure 34 may be equipped with scraping systems 36 which allow when the soil is sticky, remove the soil that adheres to the strawberries between their teeth 38.

En se référant maintenant à la figure 5, on va décrire plus en détail la structure support 34 de l'outillage. La structure support 34 est constituée tout d'abord par une plaque 40 qui consiste, dans le mode particulier de réalisation décrit, en deux demi-plaques 42 et 44 raccordées entre elles par une pièce triangulaire 46 raccordant les deux demi-plaques 42 et 44 à une bride de fixation 48 servant à solidariser la structure de support 34 avec l'extrémité inférieure 14a de la poutre de guidage. Cette bride 48 est bien sûr sensiblement horizontale et donc orthogonale aux demi-plaques 42 et 44. Comme le montrent les figures, la bride de fixation a sensiblement les mêmes dimensions que la section droite horizontale de la poutre de guidage 14. Les extrémités inférieures 44a, 42a des demi-plaques sont équipées sur chacune de leurs faces de paires de viroles cylindriques coaxiales 50, 52 et 54, 56. Ces viroles dont les axes X, X' et Y, Y' sont orthogonaux aux demi-plaques 42 et 44 servent d'une part au montage des moteurs hydrauliques et d'autre part au guidage en rotation des tambours sur lesquels sont montées les fraises proprement dites.Referring now to the figure 5 the support structure 34 of the tooling will be described in more detail. The support structure 34 is constituted firstly by a plate 40 which consists, in the particular embodiment described, in two half-plates 42 and 44 connected to each other by a triangular piece 46 connecting the two half-plates 42 and 44. to a fastening flange 48 for securing the support structure 34 with the lower end 14a of the guide beam. This flange 48 is of course substantially horizontal and therefore orthogonal to the half-plates 42 and 44. As shown in the figures, the fastening flange has substantially the same dimensions as the horizontal cross section of the guide beam 14. The lower ends 44a , 42a of the half-plates are equipped on each of their faces with pairs of coaxial cylindrical ferrules 50, 52 and 54, 56. These ferrules whose X, X 'and Y, Y' axes are orthogonal to the half-plates 42 and 44 are used on the one hand for mounting the hydraulic motors and on the other hand for guiding in rotation the drums on which the strawberries themselves are mounted.

dites. Comme cela est bien connu la poutre de guidage 14, en section droite horizontale, des dimensions qui sont très réduites par rapport à celles de l'outillage de forage 12 et donc par rapport à celles du forage réalisé par l'outillage.say. As is well known the guide beam 14, in horizontal cross section, dimensions which are very small compared to those of the drilling tool 12 and therefore compared to those of drilling performed by the tool.

Plus précisément, l'épaisseur I de la bride 48 (voir figure 5) est inférieure à la moitié de la longueur H (voir figure 4) de l'axe d'une paroi des fraises 26 à 32. La largeur I (voir figure 5) de la bride 48 est inférieure au tiers de la longueur L (voir figure 4) de l'outillage de forage 12, c'est-à-dire de son encombrement maximum dans un plan horizontal.More specifically, the thickness I of the flange 48 (see figure 5 ) is less than half the length H (see figure 4 ) of the axis of a wall of the cutters 26 to 32. The width I (see figure 5 ) of the flange 48 is less than one third of the length L (see figure 4 ) of the drilling tool 12, that is to say of its maximum size in a horizontal plane.

De préférence, la tranche ou bord supérieur 44b, 42b de chaque demi-plaque présente une première portion 44c, 42c qui est sensiblement horizontale et de longueur réduite et des portions inclinées vers le bas 44d, 42d qui constituent les côtés d'un triangle dont le sommet serait disposé vers la bride 48. De préférence encore, les bords ou tranches 42b, 44b des demi-plaques 42 et 44 sont biseautés comme le montre mieux la figure 4.Preferably, the upper edge or edge 44b, 42b of each half-plate has a first portion 44c, 42c which is substantially horizontal and of reduced length and downwardly inclined portions 44d, 42d which constitute the sides of a triangle of which the top would be disposed towards the flange 48. More preferably, the edges or slices 42b, 44b of the half-plates 42 and 44 are beveled as best shown in FIG. figure 4 .

De manière plus générale, la tranche supérieure de la plaque 40 a une forme qui favorise la remontée de l'outillage de forage dans le mélange sol découpé/liant hydraulique contenu dans la tranchée.More generally, the upper edge of the plate 40 has a shape that promotes the rise of the drilling tool in the cut soil mixture / hydraulic binder contained in the trench.

Ainsi qu'on l'a déjà indiqué, les moteurs d'entraînement en rotation de fraises sont de préférence des moteurs hydrauliques. Dans ce cas, les conduites d'alimentation en fluide de puissance sont constituées par des perçages tels que 58 et 60 réalisés dans l'épaisseur des demi-plaques 42 et 44. L'extrémité supérieure des conduites 58, 60 débouche dans des orifices tels que 62 pratiqués dans la bride 48 pour raccorder les conduites 58 et 60 aux conduites d'alimentation en fluide de puissance disposées dans la poutre de guidage 14.As already indicated, the rotary milling motors of cutters are preferably hydraulic motors. In this case, the power fluid supply pipes are constituted by holes such as 58 and 60 made in the thickness of the half-plates 42 and 44. The upper end of the pipes 58, 60 opens into holes such as 62 in the flange 48 for connecting the pipes 58 and 60 to the power fluid supply pipes disposed in the guide beam 14.

Dans certains cas, lorsque le sol est collant, des systèmes de raclage 36 sont fixés de part et d'autre de la pièce triangulaire centrale 46 des moyens supports 34. Ces systèmes de raclage 36 comportent des pièces de raclage telles que 64 qui sont imbriquées entre les rangées de dents 38, 38', 38" des fraises afin d'enlever le sol qui pourrait adhérer aux fraises entre ces dents.In some cases, when the floor is sticky, scraping systems 36 are fixed on either side of the central triangular piece 46 of the support means 34. These scraping systems 36 comprise scraping pieces such as 64 which are nested. between the rows of teeth 38, 38 ', 38 "strawberries to remove the soil that could adhere to strawberries between these teeth.

Il faut noter que les systèmes de raclage 36 ont un profil qui favorise la remontée de l'outil de forage dans le mélange déblais de forage/liant hydraulique.It should be noted that the scraping systems 36 have a profile that promotes the raising of the drill bit into the cuttings / hydraulic binder.

Sur la figure 4, on a représenté le montage des fraises 30 à 36 sur les viroles 50 à 56. On a tout d'abord représenté les moteurs hydrauliques tels que 70 qui sont fixés dans les viroles 50 à 56. Les arbres de sortie des moteurs 70 sont reliés mécaniquement en rotation et en translation à des tambours tels que 72 sur lesquels sont montées les fraises proprement dites 30 à 36 avec leurs dents 38, 38' et 38". Les extrémités des conduites 58 et 60 d'alimentation en fluide hydraulique sont raccordées par tout moyen convenable au système d'alimentation des moteurs hydrauliques 70.On the figure 4 , the mounting of the cutters 30 to 36 on the shells 50 to 56 is represented. Hydraulic motors such as 70 which are fixed in the shells 50 to 56 are first shown. The output shafts of the motors 70 are connected. mechanically in rotation and in translation to drums such as 72 on which are mounted the actual burs 30-36 with their teeth 38, 38 'and 38 ". The ends of the hydraulic fluid supply pipes 58 and 60 are connected by any suitable means to the system supply of hydraulic motors 70.

On comprend que lorsque l'on veut remonter l'outillage de forage dans la tranchée qui est remplie du mélange déblais de forage/liant hydraulique, les seules parties de l'outillage qui s'opposeront à cette remontée sont constituées par la plaque support 40 et éventuellement par les systèmes de raclage 36. En effet, la bride 48 constitue un prolongement de la poutre de guidage 14 et elle ne constitue donc pas un obstacle à la remontée de l'outillage de forage.It will be understood that when it is desired to put the drilling tool back into the trench that is filled with the cuttings / hydraulic binder, the only parts of the tool that will oppose this ascent are constituted by the support plate 40. and possibly by scraping systems 36. Indeed, the flange 48 is an extension of the guide beam 14 and therefore does not constitute an obstacle to the raising of the drilling tool.

Les demi-plaques 42 et 44 ont une épaisseur réduite et un bord supérieur 44b, 42b dont le profil, ainsi qu'on l'a déjà expliqué, favorise la remontée de l'outillage.The half-plates 42 and 44 have a reduced thickness and an upper edge 44b, 42b whose profile, as already explained, promotes the recovery of the tooling.

Dans un exemple particulier de réalisation, l'outillage de forage présente une largeur H selon la direction des axes de rotation X, X', Y, Y' égale à 800 mm et une longueur L selon sa direction orthogonale à ces axes de 2 800 mm.In a particular embodiment, the drilling tool has a width H in the direction of axes of rotation X, X ', Y, Y' equal to 800 mm and a length L in the direction orthogonal to these axes of 2800 mm.

Si l'on considère maintenant la plaque support 40, sa grande longueur est égale à 2 200 mm et son épaisseur e égale à 60 mm. Par ailleurs, la bride 48 présente une forme rectangulaire dont les côtés sont égaux à 600 mm et 300 mm. On comprend que lors de la remontée, la bride 48 ne constitue pas un obstacle à cette remontée puisqu'elle se situe dans le prolongement de la poutre de guidage 14. En conséquence, seule une longueur de 1 600 mm de plaque support 40 est à prendre en considération. Ainsi, la surface qui s'oppose à la remontée est de 1 600 mm x 60 mm = 96 000 mm2. Il faut comparer cette section à la projection horizontale de l'ensemble de l'outillage dont la surface est égale à 2 800 mm x 800 mm, ce qui fait plus de 2 millions de mm2. La surface s'opposant à la remontée est donc inférieure à 5 % de la surface de l'outillage. En effet, lors de la remontée, les fraises sont mises en rotation et ne s'opposent donc pas à ladite remontée. Dans le cas d'un outil de coupe équipé de paires de fraises dont les axes ont une largeur de 500 mm, ce rapport est légèrement inférieur à 10 %. D'une manière générale, le rapport des surfaces sera de préférence inférieur à 10 %.If we now consider the support plate 40, its long length is equal to 2200 mm and its thickness e equal to 60 mm. Furthermore, the flange 48 has a rectangular shape whose sides are equal to 600 mm and 300 mm. It is understood that during the ascent, the flange 48 does not constitute an obstacle to this ascent since it is located in the extension of the guide beam 14. Consequently, only a length of 1600 mm of support plate 40 is take into consideration. Thus, the surface that opposes the ascent is 1600 mm x 60 mm = 96 000 mm 2 . This section should be compared to the horizontal projection of all tools with a surface area of 2800 mm x 800 mm, which is more than 2 million mm 2 . The surface opposing the ascent is less than 5% of the surface of the tooling. Indeed, during the ascent, the cutters are rotated and therefore do not oppose said lift. In the case of a cutting tool equipped with pairs of cutters whose axes have a width of 500 mm, this ratio is slightly less than 10%. In general, the ratio of the surfaces will preferably be less than 10%.

Plus généralement, de préférence, l'épaisseur e de la plaque support 40 est inférieure à 15 % de la largeur H de l'outillage selon la direction des axes de rotation X, X' et Y, Y'. De préférence encore, ce rapport est au plus égal à 10 %. La valeur de ce rapport dépend des dimensions des fraises. Plus celles-ci sont grandes, plus le rapport peut être réduit. En effet, les moyens formant plaque 40 ont une épaisseur minimale de 50 à 60 mm pour lui conférer une résistance mécanique suffisante et pour permettre la réalisation des conduites internes d'alimentation des moteurs.More generally, preferably, the thickness e of the support plate 40 is less than 15% of the width H of the tool in the direction of the axes of rotation X, X 'and Y, Y'. More preferably, this ratio is at most equal to 10%. The value of this report depends on the dimensions of the cutters. The larger these are, the more the ratio can be reduced. Indeed, the plate means 40 have a minimum thickness of 50 to 60 mm to give it sufficient strength and to allow the realization of the internal supply lines of the engines.

Claims (11)

  1. Tool for drilling and mixing cuttings with another material, the tool comprising:
    two pairs of rotary drums (72) in axial alignment on parallel axes, each drum (72) being fitted with a cutter (26, 28, 30, 32) for drilling and mixing the cuttings with another material;
    motor means (70) for driving rotation of said drums (72), said motor means being mounted inside the drums;
    support means (14) comprising a guide beam (14) having dimensions in horizontal section that are small compared with the horizontal projection of the tool assembly; and
    a support structure (34) on which said drums (72) are mounted to rotate and serving to connect said drums (72) to the support means (14);
    said support structure comprising:
    a plate (40) that is substantially orthogonal to the axes of rotation (X-X', Y-Y') of the drums (72), the bottom ends of said plate forming bearings for said drums, said plate having constant thickness that is very small relative to the length of the axes of rotation of a pair of cutters; and
    a mounting pad (48) connected directly to the bottom end (14a) of the guide beam (14) and fastened to the top end of the plate (40), the top edge face of the plate connecting said pad to the bearing-forming means having a special shape so that, in association with the small thickness of the plate, it is significantly easier to raise the tool through the mixture of cuttings and another material.
  2. Tool (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that said motors (70) are hydraulic motors and in that the tool further includes sets of pipes (58, 60) for powering said motors (70), constituted by holes formed in the thickness of said plate (40).
  3. Tool (12) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the horizontal right section of the guide beam (14) has substantially the same dimensions as said mounting pad (48).
  4. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the width (ℓ) of said mounting pad (48) is less than one-third the length (L) of the drilling tool in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the direction of the axes of the pairs of cutters.
  5. Tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the thickness (ℓ') of said mounting pad (48) in the direction of the axes (X-X', Y-Y') of the pairs of cutters (26, 28, 30, 32) is less than half the length (H) of an axis of a pair of cutters.
  6. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises means for injecting a hydraulic binder into the soil.
  7. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the top edge of said plate is chamfered.
  8. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the thickness of the plate (40) is less than 15% of the length of the axis of rotation (X-X', Y-Y') of a pair of cutters (26, 28, 30, 32).
  9. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the top edge face of said plate (40) connecting the bottom ends of the plate to said pad (48) includes portions (42d, 44d) forming two sides of a triangle having its apex located towards said pad (48).
  10. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, in projection onto a plane parallel to the axes of rotation (X-X', Y-Y') of the cutters (26, 28, 30, 32), the area of said plate (40) is no greater than 10% of the area of the pairs of cutters.
  11. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the thickness of the plate is less than 10% of the length of the axis of rotation of a pair of cutters.
EP07731865A 2006-04-06 2007-04-04 Drilling tool Active EP2002061B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL07731865T PL2002061T3 (en) 2006-04-06 2007-04-04 Drilling tool

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FR0651240A FR2899608B1 (en) 2006-04-06 2006-04-06 DRILLING TOOLS
PCT/FR2007/051062 WO2007116178A1 (en) 2006-04-06 2007-04-04 Drilling tool

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EP2002061B1 true EP2002061B1 (en) 2012-12-05

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US (1) US8020323B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2002061B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2009532601A (en)
KR (1) KR20080110773A (en)
CN (1) CN101449005B (en)
AU (1) AU2007234656B2 (en)
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FR (1) FR2899608B1 (en)
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WO2007116178A1 (en) 2007-10-18
SG170797A1 (en) 2011-05-30
FR2899608A1 (en) 2007-10-12
US8020323B2 (en) 2011-09-20
CA2648498A1 (en) 2007-10-18
EP2002061A1 (en) 2008-12-17
CN101449005B (en) 2012-01-04
AU2007234656B2 (en) 2012-04-05
WO2007116178B1 (en) 2008-01-10
PL2002061T3 (en) 2013-06-28
FR2899608B1 (en) 2010-04-16
RU2428543C2 (en) 2011-09-10
AU2007234656A1 (en) 2007-10-18
JP2009532601A (en) 2009-09-10
CA2648498C (en) 2014-06-03
US20090165338A1 (en) 2009-07-02
KR20080110773A (en) 2008-12-19
CN101449005A (en) 2009-06-03
RU2008143423A (en) 2010-05-20

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