EP1437445A1 - Milling drum for the making of vertical trenches - Google Patents

Milling drum for the making of vertical trenches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1437445A1
EP1437445A1 EP03293334A EP03293334A EP1437445A1 EP 1437445 A1 EP1437445 A1 EP 1437445A1 EP 03293334 A EP03293334 A EP 03293334A EP 03293334 A EP03293334 A EP 03293334A EP 1437445 A1 EP1437445 A1 EP 1437445A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
axis
ferrule
strawberry
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP03293334A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Deniau
Fabrice Mathieu
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Compagnie du Sol SARL
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Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie du Sol SARL filed Critical Compagnie du Sol SARL
Publication of EP1437445A1 publication Critical patent/EP1437445A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D13/00—Urinals ; Means for connecting the urinal to the flushing pipe and the wastepipe; Splashing shields for urinals
    • E03D13/005—Accessories specially adapted for urinals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a strawberry drum usable in particular for the realization of vertical trenches in hard or very hard floors.
  • drilling rigs most often called strawberries and which are in themselves of a well known type.
  • Such drilling rigs are described in particular in European patent application No. 1,231,327 filed in the name of the plaintiff.
  • These devices are essentially constituted by a frame suspended from the lower end of a muffle.
  • the frame of the cutter is equipped at its lower end with two pairs of milling drums each driven by a motor preferably hydraulic.
  • milling tools different types are attached to the shell of the strawberry drum.
  • milling tools When you want to make the trench in hard or very hard soil, milling tools often consist of rollers or knurling wheels freely mounted in rotation on the periphery of the drum shell. These rollers are fitted with buttons for punching hard ground and thus to carry out drilling.
  • mounting the milling tools on the drum shell raises certain difficulties.
  • each drum or more precisely each drum ferrule 14a, 16a has a certain width I along the direction of the axis of rotation X-X 'of the drums.
  • the milling tools mounted on the ferrules allow drilling on a width L at least equal to the width I of the ferrules.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a drum milling which effectively allows the trench to be milled over the entire width of the milling drum ferrules, while obtaining a tool yield much higher than that obtained by technique described above.
  • the first rollers being substantially cylindrical or slightly barrel-shaped, an optimal yield of the tool.
  • the first drums being substantially cylindrical or slightly barrel-shaped, an optimal yield of the tool.
  • the first rollers have axes which are mounted at each of their ends in bearings fixed on the outer wall of the ferrules. We thus obtain no only optimal drilling efficiency, but also mechanical stress also optimal due to the presence of bearings at both ends of the axes of rotation of these first rolls.
  • the drum 20 firstly comprises a cylindrical shell 22 which is rotated around its axis of revolution X-X 'by a motor not shown secured to the core 24 of the cutter.
  • Pieces mechanical such as 26 realize the rotational transmission between the output of the drive motor and the ferrule 22.
  • tools 28 which consist of a single roller which will be described later in more detail and, on the other hand, milling tools 30 consisting of a pair of second milling rollers.
  • the milling tools 28 or 30 are angularly regularly distributed on the ferrule 22 around its axis of rotation X, X ' making angles between them at the center b.
  • others distributions of the two types of tools could be implemented.
  • the tool 28 consists of a roller or wheel 36 whose side wall 36a is provided with cutting elements such buttons 38.
  • the side wall 36a of the roller can be cylindrical. It can also be a surface of revolution generated by a generator which has the shape of a curve (portion of ellipse) symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the roller.
  • Roller 36 is rotatably mounted around an axis 40 which is substantially parallel to the axis X'-X of rotation of the ferrule 22.
  • the axis 40 is supported by two bearings end 42 and 44 which are fixed to the external face 22a of the shell by supports 46 and 48.
  • the active width of the roller 36 referenced is necessarily less than the width I of the ferrule 22. However, this width is greater than half the width I of the shell and, from preferably greater than 2/3 of this width.
  • the axes 40 of the rollers may not be parallel to the axis XX 'of the ferrule 22, but make an angle with it reduced by around 1 to 10 degrees to allow slight shifting of the buttons 38 during rotation of the roller 36. In the case of more terrain tender, this angle can reach 45 degrees.
  • the second milling tool 30 consists of a pair of milling rollers or knurled wheels referenced 50 and 52.
  • Rollers 50 and 52 have a side wall 50a, 52a which is substantially cylindrical.
  • Each roller 50, 52 is rotatably mounted around a shaft 54, 56 which is cantilevered respectively on a bearing 58, 60 fixed on the outer wall of the shell 22 by supports 62 and 64.
  • the axes of rotation 54 and 56 are parallel to the axis XX 'of rotation of the ferrule 22.
  • the second rollers 50 and 52 have axes parallel to the axis XX 'of the shell.
  • the rollers 50 and 52 of the same pair occupy the same angular position relative to the axis XX 'of the ferrule and are arranged substantially symmetrically relative to the median plane PP' of the ferrule, orthogonal to the axis X-X . More specifically, the rollers 50 and 52 are arranged so that the envelope E and E 'of these rollers during the rotation of the ferrule 22 extends at least to the end faces 32 and 34 of the ferrule or go slightly protruding from its faces.
  • the width e of these rollers is such that their zone of action partially overlaps that of the first rollers 36 so that, when drilling the ground, there is an overlap between the zone drilled by the rollers 36 and that which is drilled by the rollers 50 and 52.
  • the width I of the rollers 50 and 52 can be reduced. It is at most equal to 1/4 of the width of the shell and preferably not more than 1/6 th .
  • the width L actually drilled by the milling drum is at least equal to the width I of the drum shell.
  • the width of the ferrule can be between 25 and 75 cm.
  • the most much of the drilling is carried out by rollers 36 whose axes of rotation are mounted in two end bearings 42 and 44.
  • the second rollers 50 and 52 do not have to develop than a much more limited drilling force due to the presence of rollers 36. This is why the rollers 50 and 52 can be mounted in overhang on bearings 58 and 60. Despite this cantilever mounting and thanks to the limited efforts applied to these rollers, these can bear the constraints applied to them.
  • rollers 50 and 52 on their side walls 50a and 52a are fitted with buttons such as 66.
  • 66 'buttons can also be provided on the external sides 50b and 52b of the rollers 50 and 52 in their peripheral part. We could also consider equipping all outer end faces 50b and 52b of the rollers 50 and 52 of 66 'buttons.
  • first rollers 36 can be centered by relative to the ferrule 22.
  • the middle of the axis of rotation of the rollers is substantially arranged in the median plane of the ferrule 22 orthogonal to the axis of rotation XX 'thereof.
  • the first rolls 36 can also be staggered.
  • the backgrounds axes of the rollers 36 are alternately arranged on one side and the other of the median plane of the shell 22 orthogonal to its axis of rotation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The drum has a set of milling tools with two sets of rollers (36, 50, 52). The rollers are mounted around respective axes by making an angle less than 45 degrees and 30 degrees with the axis of rotation of the drum and a cylindrical shell (22) respectively. One set of rollers is moved angularly among themselves relative to another set of rollers. An external layer of each set of rollers is equipped with cutting units.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un tambour pour fraise utilisable notamment pour la réalisation de tranchées verticales dans des sols durs ou très durs.The present invention relates to a strawberry drum usable in particular for the realization of vertical trenches in hard or very hard floors.

Pour réaliser des tranchées verticales susceptibles de présenter une grande profondeur, typiquement au moins 15 mètres, il est connu d'utiliser des appareils de forage dénommés le plus souvent fraises et qui sont en eux-même de type bien connu. De tels engins de forage sont notamment décrits dans la demande de brevet européen n° 1 231 327 déposée au nom de la demanderesse. Ces engins sont essentiellement constitués par un châssis suspendu à l'extrémité inférieure d'un moufle. Le châssis de la fraise est équipé à son extrémité inférieure de deux paires de tambours de fraisage entraínées chacune par un moteur de préférence hydraulique. Selon la nature du terrain à creuser, des outils de fraisage de types différents sont fixés sur la virole du tambour de fraise.To make vertical trenches likely to present a great depth, typically at least 15 meters, it is known to use drilling rigs most often called strawberries and which are in themselves of a well known type. Such drilling rigs are described in particular in European patent application No. 1,231,327 filed in the name of the plaintiff. These devices are essentially constituted by a frame suspended from the lower end of a muffle. The frame of the cutter is equipped at its lower end with two pairs of milling drums each driven by a motor preferably hydraulic. Depending on the nature of the ground to be dug, milling tools different types are attached to the shell of the strawberry drum.

Lorsqu'on veut réaliser la tranchée dans un sol dur ou très dur, les outils de fraisage sont souvent constitués par des rouleaux ou molettes montés libres en rotation sur la périphérie de la virole du tambour. Ces rouleaux sont équipés de boutons qui permettent de poinçonner le sol dur et ainsi de réaliser le forage. Cependant, le montage des outils de fraisage sur la virole du tambour, dans ce cas, soulève certaines difficultés.When you want to make the trench in hard or very hard soil, milling tools often consist of rollers or knurling wheels freely mounted in rotation on the periphery of the drum shell. These rollers are fitted with buttons for punching hard ground and thus to carry out drilling. However, mounting the milling tools on the drum shell, in this case, raises certain difficulties.

Ces difficultés apparaítront plus clairement en se référant à la figure 1 annexée. Sur cette figure, on a représenté l'âme centrale 12 de la fraise qui constitue l'extrémité inférieure du châssis de celle-ci. Sur cette âme sont montés deux tambours 14 et 16 de fraise et qui sont représentés par leur tranche sur la figure 1. Chaque tambour ou plus précisément chaque virole 14a, 16a de tambour présente une certaine largeur I selon la direction de l'axe de rotation X-X' des tambours. Pour réaliser la tranchée verticale, il est nécessaire que les outils de fraisage montés sur les viroles permettent le forage sur une largeur L au moins égale à la largeur I des viroles. Or, lorsque l'on doit forer dans un sol dur ou très dur, le montage des rouleaux ou molettes constituant les outils de fraisage soulève d'importantes difficultés compte tenu des efforts très importants que doivent absorber les rouleaux et donc en particulier les paliers et les axes sur lesquels ces rouleaux sont montés rotatifs.These difficulties will appear more clearly with reference to the Figure 1 attached. In this figure, the central core 12 of the cutter which constitutes the lower end of the chassis thereof. On this soul are mounted two drums 14 and 16 of strawberry and which are represented by their edge in Figure 1. Each drum or more precisely each drum ferrule 14a, 16a has a certain width I along the direction of the axis of rotation X-X 'of the drums. For make the vertical trench, it is necessary that the milling tools mounted on the ferrules allow drilling on a width L at least equal to the width I of the ferrules. When you have to drill in hard soil or very hard, the assembly of the rollers or knobs constituting the milling raises significant difficulties considering the very efforts important that the rollers must absorb and therefore in particular the bearings and axes on which these rollers are rotatably mounted.

Pour tenter de résoudre ce problème, on a décrit dans le brevet US 5 924 222 des tambours de fraise qui sont constitués par des viroles cylindriques sur lesquelles sont montés des rouleaux tronconiques décalés angulairement sur les viroles et qui présentent vers les faces externes de la virole une inclinaison d'axe de rotation suffisante pour permettre le montage des axes des rouleaux sur deux paliers d'extrémité. Cela permet d'absorber les efforts mécaniques très importants appliqués aux axes et aux paliers. En raison de la forte inclinaison de ces axes, il est nécessaire que les rouleaux présentent une forte conicité.In an attempt to solve this problem, the patent has described US 5,924,222 strawberry drums which consist of ferrules cylindrical on which offset tapered rollers are mounted angularly on the ferrules and which present towards the external faces of the ferrule an inclination of axis of rotation sufficient to allow the mounting of the axes of the rollers on two end bearings. This allows absorb the very significant mechanical forces applied to the axes and on the landings. Due to the strong inclination of these axes, it is necessary that the rollers have a strong taper.

Cependant, cette solution qui consiste à utiliser des rouleaux fortement tronconiques et inclinés de façon importante par rapport au plan médian des viroles ne permet pas d'obtenir un rendement important des outils de fraisage.However, this solution which consists in using rollers strongly frustoconical and significantly inclined relative to the median plane of the ferrules does not allow a significant yield to be obtained milling tools.

Un objet de la présente invention est de fournir un tambour de fraisage qui permette effectivement le fraisage de la tranchée sur toute la largeur des viroles des tambours de fraisage, tout en permettant d'obtenir un rendement de l'outil bien supérieur à celui que l'on obtient par la technique décrite ci-dessus.An object of the present invention is to provide a drum milling which effectively allows the trench to be milled over the entire width of the milling drum ferrules, while obtaining a tool yield much higher than that obtained by technique described above.

Pour atteindre ce but, selon l'invention, un tambour de fraise pour la réalisation de tranchées verticales comprenant une virole cylindrique montée rotative autour de son axe de révolution et présentant des faces d'extrémité et une pluralité d'outils de fraisage montés sur la face externe de ladite virole, est caractérisé en ce que lesdits outils comprennent :

  • une pluralité de premiers rouleaux montés rotatifs autour d'axes faisant un angle inférieur à 45 degrés avec l'axe de rotation du tambour dont la paroi externe est une surface de révolution symétrique par rapport au plan médian du rouleau orthogonal à son axe de rotation, ledit plan médian étant sensiblement confondu avec le plan médian de la virole, ladite paroi externe dont la longueur est inférieure à la longueur de la virole étant équipée d'éléments de coupe ; et
  • une pluralité de paires de deuxièmes rouleaux, les rouleaux d'une même paire étant montés rotatifs autour d'axes en porte-à-faux dont le support est monté sur la zone centrale de la virole, lesdits axes faisant avec l'axe de la virole un angle inférieur à 30 degrés, chaque rouleau ayant une longueur au moins égale à la distance qui sépare une extrémité d'un premier rouleau de l'extrémité correspondante de la virole, l'enveloppe de l'extrémité externe des deuxièmes rouleaux étant au moins dans le plan contenant une extrémité de la virole, les paires de deuxièmes rouleaux étant décalées angulairement entre elles et par rapport aux premiers rouleaux, la paroi externe de chaque deuxième rouleau étant munie d'éléments de coupe.
To achieve this object, according to the invention, a strawberry drum for the realization of vertical trenches comprising a cylindrical shell rotatably mounted around its axis of revolution and having end faces and a plurality of milling tools mounted on the external face of said ferrule, is characterized in that said tools comprise:
  • a plurality of first rollers mounted for rotation about axes making an angle less than 45 degrees with the axis of rotation of the drum, the outer wall of which is a surface of revolution symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the roller orthogonal to its axis of rotation, said median plane being substantially coincident with the median plane of the ferrule, said outer wall whose length is less than the length of the ferrule being equipped with cutting elements; and
  • a plurality of pairs of second rollers, the rollers of the same pair being rotatably mounted around cantilever axes whose support is mounted on the central zone of the ferrule, said axes forming with the axis of the ferrule an angle less than 30 degrees, each roller having a length at least equal to the distance which separates one end of a first roller from the corresponding end of the ferrule, the casing of the external end of the second rollers being at less in the plane containing one end of the ferrule, the pairs of second rollers being angularly offset between them and relative to the first rollers, the external wall of each second roller being provided with cutting elements.

On comprend que le forage de la tranchée sur toute la largeur de la virole du tambour de fraisage est obtenu par la combinaison de l'action des premiers rouleaux cylindriques et des paires de rouleaux montés à proximité des faces d'extrémité de la virole du tambour.We understand that drilling the trench over the entire width of the milling drum shell is obtained by the combination of the action of the first cylindrical rollers and pairs of rollers mounted near the end faces of the drum shell.

Les premiers rouleaux étant sensiblement cylindriques ou légèrement en forme de tonneaux, on obtient un rendement optimal de l'outil. Pour obtenir le forage sur toute la largeur de la virole, ce que ne peuvent bien sûr réaliser les premiers tambours dont la largeur est nécessairement inférieure à celle de la virole, on a prévu à proximité des faces d'extrémité des viroles de monter des rouleaux de largeur plus réduite qui peuvent être montés en porte-à-faux dans un palier unique du fait que la plus grande partie de l'effort de forage est obtenue par les premiers rouleaux.The first rollers being substantially cylindrical or slightly barrel-shaped, an optimal yield of the tool. To obtain drilling over the entire width of the shell, what can of course make the first drums whose width is necessarily lower than that of the ferrule, provision has been made near the end faces of ferrules to mount rollers of wider width reduced which can be cantilevered in a single bearing of the fact that most of the drilling effort is obtained by first rolls.

Selon un mode préféré de mise en oeuvre, les premiers rouleaux ont des axes qui sont montés à chacune de leurs extrémités dans des paliers fixés sur la paroi externe des viroles. On obtient ainsi non seulement une efficacité de forage optimale, mais également une tenue mécanique aux efforts également optimale du fait de la présence des paliers aux deux extrémités des axes de rotation de ces premiers rouleaux.According to a preferred mode of implementation, the first rollers have axes which are mounted at each of their ends in bearings fixed on the outer wall of the ferrules. We thus obtain no only optimal drilling efficiency, but also mechanical stress also optimal due to the presence of bearings at both ends of the axes of rotation of these first rolls.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux figures annexées, sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 déjà décrite est une vue de principe illustrant le mode d'action d'une fraise à tambour ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de face d'un tambour de fraise conforme à l'invention ; et
  • la figure 3 est une vue de côté du tambour de fraise de la figure 2.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples. The description refers to the appended figures, in which:
  • Figure 1 already described is a principle view illustrating the mode of action of a drum cutter;
  • Figure 2 is a front view of a strawberry drum according to the invention; and
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the cutter drum of FIG. 2.

En se référant tout d'abord aux figures 2 et 3, on va décrire un premier mode de réalisation du tambour de fraise qui porte la référence générale 20.Referring first to Figures 2 and 3, we will describe a first embodiment of the strawberry drum which bears the reference general 20.

Le tambour 20 comprend tout d'abord une virole cylindrique 22 qui est entraínée en rotation autour de son axe de révolution X-X' par un moteur non représenté solidaire de l'âme 24 de la fraise. Des pièces mécaniques telles que 26 réalisent la transmission en rotation entre la sortie du moteur d'entraínement et la virole 22. Ces parties de la fraise étant bien connues, il n'est pas utile de les décrire en détail.The drum 20 firstly comprises a cylindrical shell 22 which is rotated around its axis of revolution X-X 'by a motor not shown secured to the core 24 of the cutter. Pieces mechanical such as 26 realize the rotational transmission between the output of the drive motor and the ferrule 22. These parts of the cutter being well known, it is not useful to describe them in detail.

Sur la face externe 22a de la virole 22 sont montés des outils de fraisage qui sont de deux types différents. On trouve, d'une part, des outils 28 qui sont constitués par un rouleau unique qui sera décrit ultérieurement plus en détail et, d'autre part, des outils de fraisage 30 constitués par une paire de deuxièmes rouleaux de fraisage. Comme le montre la figure 2, les outils de fraisage 28 ou 30 sont angulairement régulièrement répartis sur la virole 22 autour de son axe de rotation X, X' en faisant entre eux des angles au centre b. Dans le mode particulier de réalisation représenté sur la figure 2, on trouve alternativement un outil 28 puis deux outils 30, puis un outil 28, etc. Bien entendu, d'autres répartitions des deux types d'outils pourraient être mises en oeuvre.On the external face 22a of the ferrule 22 are mounted tools which are of two different types. On the one hand, there are tools 28 which consist of a single roller which will be described later in more detail and, on the other hand, milling tools 30 consisting of a pair of second milling rollers. As the shows figure 2, the milling tools 28 or 30 are angularly regularly distributed on the ferrule 22 around its axis of rotation X, X ' making angles between them at the center b. In the particular mode of embodiment shown in Figure 2, there is alternately a tool 28 then two tools 30, then a tool 28, etc. Of course, others distributions of the two types of tools could be implemented.

En se référant maintenant plus particulièrement à la figure 3, on va décrire plus en détail les outils de fraisage 28 et 30. Sur cette figure, on retrouve la virole 22 qui comprend deux faces d'extrémité respectivement référencées 32 et 34, la distance entre ces faces étant la largeur I de la virole 22. L'outil 28 est constitué par un rouleau ou molette 36 dont la paroi latérale 36a est munie d'éléments de coupe tels que des boutons 38. La paroi latérale 36a du rouleau peut être cylindrique. Elle peut également être une surface de révolution engendrée par une génératrice qui a la forme d'une courbe (portion d'ellipse) symétrique par rapport au plan médian du rouleau. Le rouleau 36 est monté rotatif autour d'un axe 40 qui est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe X'-X de rotation de la virole 22. L'axe 40 est supporté par deux paliers d'extrémité 42 et 44 qui sont fixés sur la face externe 22a de la virole par des supports 46 et 48. Compte tenu de la présence des paliers et des supports, on comprend que la largeur active du rouleau 36 référencée l' est nécessairement inférieure à la largeur I de la virole 22. Cependant, cette largeur l'est supérieure à la moitié de la largeur I de la virole et, de préférence, supérieure aux 2/3 de cette largeur. On comprend en effet que des efforts très importants peuvent être supportés par le rouleau 36 puisque son axe de rotation 40 est supporté par deux paliers d'extrémité 42 et 44.Referring now more particularly to FIG. 3, we will describe in more detail the milling tools 28 and 30. In this figure, we find the ferrule 22 which includes two end faces respectively referenced 32 and 34, the distance between these faces being the width I of the ferrule 22. The tool 28 consists of a roller or wheel 36 whose side wall 36a is provided with cutting elements such buttons 38. The side wall 36a of the roller can be cylindrical. It can also be a surface of revolution generated by a generator which has the shape of a curve (portion of ellipse) symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the roller. Roller 36 is rotatably mounted around an axis 40 which is substantially parallel to the axis X'-X of rotation of the ferrule 22. The axis 40 is supported by two bearings end 42 and 44 which are fixed to the external face 22a of the shell by supports 46 and 48. Given the presence of bearings and supports, we understand that the active width of the roller 36 referenced is necessarily less than the width I of the ferrule 22. However, this width is greater than half the width I of the shell and, from preferably greater than 2/3 of this width. We understand indeed that very great efforts can be supported by the roller 36 since its axis of rotation 40 is supported by two end bearings 42 and 44.

De préférence, les axes 40 des rouleaux peuvent ne pas être parallèles à l'axe XX' de la virole 22, mais faire avec celui-ci un angle réduit de l'ordre de 1 à 10 degrés pour autoriser un léger ripage des boutons 38 lors de la rotation du rouleau 36. Dans le cas de terrains plus tendres, cet angle peut atteindre 45 degrés.Preferably, the axes 40 of the rollers may not be parallel to the axis XX 'of the ferrule 22, but make an angle with it reduced by around 1 to 10 degrees to allow slight shifting of the buttons 38 during rotation of the roller 36. In the case of more terrain tender, this angle can reach 45 degrees.

Le deuxième outil de fraisage 30 est constitué par une paire de rouleaux de fraisage ou molettes référencés 50 et 52. Les rouleaux 50 et 52 ont une paroi latérale 50a, 52a qui est sensiblement cylindrique. Chaque rouleau 50, 52 est monté rotatif autour d'un arbre 54, 56 qui est monté en porte-à-faux respectivement sur un palier 58, 60 fixé sur la paroi externe de la virole 22 par des supports 62 et 64. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, les axes de rotation 54 et 56 sont parallèles à l'axe X-X' de rotation de la virole 22. Sur la figure 3, les deuxièmes rouleaux 50 et 52 ont des axes parallèles à l'axe XX' de la virole. Dans certains cas correspondant à des terrains très durs, il est intéressant de donner aux axes 54 et 56 une faible angulation de 1 à 10 degrés pour obtenir un effet de ripage des rouleaux.The second milling tool 30 consists of a pair of milling rollers or knurled wheels referenced 50 and 52. Rollers 50 and 52 have a side wall 50a, 52a which is substantially cylindrical. Each roller 50, 52 is rotatably mounted around a shaft 54, 56 which is cantilevered respectively on a bearing 58, 60 fixed on the outer wall of the shell 22 by supports 62 and 64. In the mode of illustrated embodiment, the axes of rotation 54 and 56 are parallel to the axis XX 'of rotation of the ferrule 22. In FIG. 3, the second rollers 50 and 52 have axes parallel to the axis XX 'of the shell. In some cases corresponding to very hard terrains, it is interesting to give axes 54 and 56 a low angle of 1 to 10 degrees to obtain a shifting effect of the rollers.

Les rouleaux 50 et 52 d'une même paire occupent une même position angulaire par rapport à l'axe X-X' de la virole et sont disposés sensiblement symétriquement par rapport au plan médian P-P' de la virole, orthogonal à l'axe X-X'. Plus précisément, les rouleaux 50 et 52 sont disposés de telle manière que l'enveloppe E et E' de ces rouleaux lors de la rotation de la virole 22 s'étende au moins jusqu'aux faces d'extrémité 32 et 34 de la virole ou aille légèrement en saillie par rapport à ses faces. En outre, la largeur e de ces rouleaux est telle que leur zone d'action recouvre partiellement celle des premiers rouleaux 36 de telle manière que, lors du forage du sol, on ait un recouvrement entre la zone forée par les rouleaux 36 et celle qui est forée par les rouleaux 50 et 52. Cependant, grâce à la largeur importante des rouleaux 36, la largeur I des rouleaux 50 et 52 peut être réduite. Elle est au plus égale au 1/4 de la largeur de la virole et de préférence pas supérieure au 1/6ème. The rollers 50 and 52 of the same pair occupy the same angular position relative to the axis XX 'of the ferrule and are arranged substantially symmetrically relative to the median plane PP' of the ferrule, orthogonal to the axis X-X . More specifically, the rollers 50 and 52 are arranged so that the envelope E and E 'of these rollers during the rotation of the ferrule 22 extends at least to the end faces 32 and 34 of the ferrule or go slightly protruding from its faces. In addition, the width e of these rollers is such that their zone of action partially overlaps that of the first rollers 36 so that, when drilling the ground, there is an overlap between the zone drilled by the rollers 36 and that which is drilled by the rollers 50 and 52. However, thanks to the large width of the rollers 36, the width I of the rollers 50 and 52 can be reduced. It is at most equal to 1/4 of the width of the shell and preferably not more than 1/6 th .

On comprend qu'ainsi on satisfait effectivement à la condition que la largeur L effectivement forée par le tambour de fraise soit au moins égale à la largeur I de la virole du tambour. La largeur de la virole peut être comprise entre 25 et 75 cm. En outre, on comprend que la plus grande partie du forage est réalisée par les rouleaux 36 dont les axes de rotation sont montés dans deux paliers d'extrémité 42 et 44. On comprend en revanche que les deuxièmes rouleaux 50 et 52 n'ont à développer qu'une force de forage beaucoup plus limitée en raison de la présence des rouleaux 36. C'est pourquoi les rouleaux 50 et 52 peuvent être montés en porte-à-faux sur les paliers 58 et 60. Malgré ce montage en porte-à-faux et grâce aux efforts limités appliqués sur ces rouleaux, ceux-ci peuvent supporter les contraintes qui leur sont appliquées.We understand that in this way we effectively meet the condition that the width L actually drilled by the milling drum is at least equal to the width I of the drum shell. The width of the ferrule can be between 25 and 75 cm. Furthermore, we understand that the most much of the drilling is carried out by rollers 36 whose axes of rotation are mounted in two end bearings 42 and 44. We understand on the other hand that the second rollers 50 and 52 do not have to develop than a much more limited drilling force due to the presence of rollers 36. This is why the rollers 50 and 52 can be mounted in overhang on bearings 58 and 60. Despite this cantilever mounting and thanks to the limited efforts applied to these rollers, these can bear the constraints applied to them.

Les rouleaux 50 et 52, sur leurs parois latérales 50a et 52a sont équipés de boutons tels que 66. Des boutons 66' peuvent également être prévus sur les flancs externes 50b et 52b des rouleaux 50 et 52 dans leur partie périphérique. On pourrait également envisager d'équiper l'intégralité des faces d'extrémité externe 50b et 52b des rouleaux 50 et 52 de boutons 66'.The rollers 50 and 52, on their side walls 50a and 52a are fitted with buttons such as 66. 66 'buttons can also be provided on the external sides 50b and 52b of the rollers 50 and 52 in their peripheral part. We could also consider equipping all outer end faces 50b and 52b of the rollers 50 and 52 of 66 'buttons.

En outre, les premiers rouleaux 36 peuvent être centrés par rapport à la virole 22. Dans ce cas, le milieu de l'axe de rotation des rouleaux est sensiblement disposé dans le plan médian de la virole 22 orthogonal à l'axe de rotation XX' de celle-ci. Les premiers rouleaux 36 peuvent également être disposés en quinconce. Dans ce cas, les milieux des axes des rouleaux 36 sont alternativement disposés d'un côté et de l'autre du plan médian de la virole 22 orthogonal à son axe de rotation.In addition, the first rollers 36 can be centered by relative to the ferrule 22. In this case, the middle of the axis of rotation of the rollers is substantially arranged in the median plane of the ferrule 22 orthogonal to the axis of rotation XX 'thereof. The first rolls 36 can also be staggered. In this case, the backgrounds axes of the rollers 36 are alternately arranged on one side and the other of the median plane of the shell 22 orthogonal to its axis of rotation.

Claims (12)

Tambour de fraise pour la réalisation de tranchées verticales comprenant une virole cylindrique montée rotative autour de son axe de révolution et présentant des faces d'extrémité et une pluralité d'outils de fraisage montés sur la face externe de ladite virole, caractérisé en ce que lesdits outils comprennent : une pluralité de premiers rouleaux montés rotatifs autour d'axes faisant un angle inférieur à 45 degrés avec l'axe de rotation du tambour dont la paroi externe est une surface de révolution symétrique par rapport au plan médian du rouleau orthogonal à son axe de rotation, ledit plan médian étant sensiblement confondu avec le plan médian de la virole ; ladite paroi externe étant équipée d'éléments de coupe ; et dont la longueur est inférieure à la longueur de la virole ; et une pluralité de paires de deuxièmes rouleaux, chaque rouleau d'une même paire étant monté rotatif autour d'un axe en porte-à-faux dont le support est monté sur la zone centrale de la virole, les axes font avec l'axe de la virole un angle < 30 degrés, chaque rouleau ayant une largeur au moins égale à la distance qui sépare une extrémité d'un premier rouleau de l'extrémité correspondante de la virole, l'enveloppe de l'extrémité externe des deuxièmes rouleaux étant au moins dans le plan contenant une extrémité de la virole, les paires de deuxièmes rouleaux étant décalées angulairement entre elles et par rapport aux premiers rouleaux, la paroi externe de chaque deuxième rouleau étant munie d'éléments de coupe, par quoi la zone de forage des paires de deuxièmes rouleaux recouvre partiellement la zone de forage des premiers rouleaux. Strawberry drum for making vertical trenches comprising a cylindrical ferrule rotatably mounted about its axis of revolution and having end faces and a plurality of milling tools mounted on the external face of said ferrule, characterized in that said tools include: a plurality of first rollers mounted for rotation about axes making an angle less than 45 degrees with the axis of rotation of the drum, the outer wall of which is a surface of revolution symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the roller orthogonal to its axis of rotation, said median plane being substantially coincident with the median plane of the shell; said outer wall being equipped with cutting elements; and whose length is less than the length of the shell; and a plurality of pairs of second rollers, each roller of the same pair being rotatably mounted around a cantilever axis whose support is mounted on the central zone of the ferrule, the axes are with the axis of the ferrule an angle <30 degrees, each roller having a width at least equal to the distance which separates one end of a first roller from the corresponding end of the ferrule, the casing of the external end of the second rollers being at less in the plane containing one end of the ferrule, the pairs of second rollers being angularly offset between them and relative to the first rollers, the outer wall of each second roller being provided with cutting elements, whereby the drilling area of the pairs of second rollers partially covers the drilling area of the first rollers. Tambour de fraise selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'axe des premiers rouleaux fait avec l'axe de la virole un angle compris entre 1 et 10 degrés.Strawberry drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the first rollers forms an angle between 1 and 10 degrees with the axis of the ferrule. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les deuxièmes rouleaux font un angle compris entre 1 et 10 degrés avec l'axe de la virole.Strawberry drum according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the second rollers make an angle between 1 and 10 degrees with the axis of the ferrule. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdits deuxièmes rouleaux sont cylindriques et leurs axes de rotation sont sensiblement parallèles à l'axe de rotation de la virole. Cutter drum according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the said second rollers are cylindrical and their axes of rotation are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the ferrule. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le milieu de l'axe des premiers rouleaux est sensiblement dans le plan médian de ladite virole orthogonal à son axe de rotation.Strawberry drum according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the middle of the axis of the first rollers is substantially in the median plane of said ferrule orthogonal to its axis of rotation. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le milieu de l'axe des premiers rouleaux est alternativement disposé de part et d'autre du plan médian de la virole orthogonal à son axe de rotation.Strawberry drum according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the middle of the axis of the first rollers is alternately disposed on either side of the median plane of the shell orthogonal to its axis of rotation. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les flancs externes des deuxièmes rouleaux sont munis, au moins dans leur zone périphérique, d'éléments de coupe.Cutter drum according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the external flanks of the second rollers are provided, at least in their peripheral zone, with cutting elements. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotation de chaque premier rouleau est monté à chacune de ses extrémités dans un palier solidaire de la paroi externe de la virole.Strawberry drum according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the axis of rotation of each first roller is mounted at each of its ends in a bearing integral with the external wall of the shell. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que lesdits premiers rouleaux sont cylindriques.Strawberry drum according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said first rollers are cylindrical. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que lesdits premiers rouleaux ont une forme de tonneaux.Strawberry drum according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said first rollers have the shape of barrels. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments de coupe sont des boutons.Strawberry drum according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said cutting elements are buttons. Tambour de fraise selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la largeur desdits premiers tambours est au moins égale à la moitié de la largeur de la virole.Strawberry drum according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the width of said first drums is at least equal to half the width of the shell.
EP03293334A 2003-01-08 2003-12-24 Milling drum for the making of vertical trenches Withdrawn EP1437445A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0300126 2003-01-08
FR0300126A FR2849662B1 (en) 2003-01-08 2003-01-08 DRUM FOR STRAW USED IN PARTICULAR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VERTICAL TRENCHES IN HARD OR VERY HARD SOILS

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EP (1) EP1437445A1 (en)
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KR (1) KR20040063804A (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20040063804A (en) 2004-07-14
FR2849662B1 (en) 2005-11-04
JP2004211542A (en) 2004-07-29
US20040172857A1 (en) 2004-09-09
US6944977B2 (en) 2005-09-20
FR2849662A1 (en) 2004-07-09
CA2454893A1 (en) 2004-07-08

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