EP2002051B1 - Rope - Google Patents
Rope Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2002051B1 EP2002051B1 EP07718367.1A EP07718367A EP2002051B1 EP 2002051 B1 EP2002051 B1 EP 2002051B1 EP 07718367 A EP07718367 A EP 07718367A EP 2002051 B1 EP2002051 B1 EP 2002051B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rope
- core
- fibres
- sheath
- fibre material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002577 polybenzoxazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 241000531908 Aramides Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000508 Vectran Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004979 Vectran Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
- D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
- D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
- D07B1/148—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising marks or luminous elements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
- D07B5/12—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form of low twist or low tension by processes comprising setting or straightening treatments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/1096—Rope or cable structures braided
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2036—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2041—Strands characterised by the materials used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/209—Jackets or coverings comprising braided structures
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/201—Polyolefins
- D07B2205/2014—High performance polyolefins, e.g. Dyneema or Spectra
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
- D07B2205/205—Aramides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
- D07B2205/205—Aramides
- D07B2205/2053—Polybenzimidazol [PBI]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2096—Poly-p-phenylenebenzo-bisoxazole [PBO]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
- D07B2207/40—Machine components
- D07B2207/404—Heat treating devices; Corresponding methods
- D07B2207/4054—Heat treating devices; Corresponding methods to soften the load bearing material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2301/00—Controls
- D07B2301/25—System input signals, e.g. set points
- D07B2301/259—Strain or elongation
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/205—Avoiding relative movement of components
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rope made of a textile fiber material.
- Desirable is also a simple determinability of the Ablegereife, i. that point in time at which the rope must be preventively replaced due to excessive damage due to ongoing operation.
- Sheathless ropes are known from a high strength textile fiber material (e.g., Dyneema® fiber, a high strength and high modulus polyethylene (HMPE) fiber material).
- HMPE high modulus polyethylene
- the present invention has for its object to provide a rope made of a textile fiber material, which is particularly suitable for use for ropes of all kinds, in particular winches, and does not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
- a rope of textile fiber material which is present in a conventional manner in a core / shell construction, which rope is characterized in that the specific strength of the rope F s (in [daN / g core / m Rope]) depending on the diameter of the rope DM (in [mm]) of the following formula: F s ⁇ 212 - DM and that the core of the rope is stretched to an extent greater than 5% of the maximum tensile force of the core.
- Ropes made of a textile fiber material which are present in a core / shell construction, are known per se, see for example the document US 2005/011344 A1 .
- Such a rope consists of one or more, for example braided or beaten core (s) of textile fiber material, which (r) of a textile fiber material wrapped as a jacket, for example, is braided or are.
- core will be understood hereinafter to mean both a single core and a plurality of cores present in a cable.
- the invention now provides for the first time a textile rope with a core / sheath structure which has similarly good tensile strengths and abrasion resistance as a steel rope of comparable thickness.
- the diameter DM of the rope according to the invention is preferably 4 to 60 mm, preferably 4 to 40 mm, particularly preferably 4 to 26 mm.
- the core of the rope according to the invention is stretched to an extent of more than 5%, preferably 5.5% to 20%, more preferably 6% to 15% of the maximum tensile force of the core.
- the core of conventional ropes having a core / sheath construction is usually stretched only up to a range of up to 5% of the maximum tensile force.
- the stretching of the core is carried out at a temperature which is elevated in relation to room temperature, in particular at an ambient temperature up to the melting range or decomposition range of the polymer used as the fiber material of the core.
- the temperature ranges suitable for the respective fiber material of the core can be determined by one skilled in the art within the scope of his specialist knowledge.
- an ambient temperature of from 50 ° C to 140 ° C, preferably from 90 ° C to 120 ° C, is preferred.
- the diameter of a preferably highly stretched core according to the invention is smaller than less oriented cores. This makes it possible, despite applying a jacket on the core to obtain a rope which is not substantially thicker than a steel cable of equal tensile strength. At the same time, the sheath ensures protection of the core and improved abrasion resistance over a rope made entirely of a core of high strength fibers.
- the fiber material of the core is preferably selected from the group consisting of high-strength fibers, in particular high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fibers, aramid fibers, liquid-crystalline (LC) polyester fibers, polybenzoxazole fibers and mixtures thereof.
- high-strength fibers in particular high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fibers, aramid fibers, liquid-crystalline (LC) polyester fibers, polybenzoxazole fibers and mixtures thereof.
- High strength high modulus polyethylene fibers are commercially available under the trade name Dyneema®.
- LC polyester fibers are commercially available under the trade name Vectran®.
- the fiber material of the sheath from the group consisting of highly abrasion-resistant fibers, in particular high-strength high modulus polyethylene fibers, Liquid crystalline (LC) polyester fibers, other abrasion-resistant polyester fibers, polyamide fibers and mixtures thereof selected.
- highly abrasion-resistant fibers in particular high-strength high modulus polyethylene fibers, Liquid crystalline (LC) polyester fibers, other abrasion-resistant polyester fibers, polyamide fibers and mixtures thereof selected.
- the rope according to the invention preferably has means for increasing the adhesion between core and sheath of the rope.
- At least a part of the surface of the core may be enveloped with a material selected from the group consisting of staple fiber yarns and textured multifilament yarns.
- This sheath can be present, for example, in a manner known per se in the form of a reinforcement, a braiding or in the form of fibers with increased adhesion, which are braided to the core and at least partially lying on its surface.
- Polyamide, polyester, polyacrylate, polypropylene, polyethylene and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable as material for the covering.
- sutures can be provided between these components.
- At least part of the surface of the core may be coated with an adhesion-enhancing substance.
- the jacket itself or the cable elements forming the sheath such. Yarns or threads may be coated with an adhesion-enhancing substance.
- the jacket has markings by means of which an elongation of the rope and / or a twist of the rope can be detected.
- the markings may for example be fixedly spaced. If the mantle contains fixedly spaced markings (eg, individual differently colored braids at a fixed distance of, for example, 10 cm), it can be checked before use of the rope whether this distance has changed, in particular lengthened, due to an extension of the rope and therefore indicates a Ablegereife.
- fixedly spaced markings eg, individual differently colored braids at a fixed distance of, for example, 10 cm
- a pattern of marks e.g., stripe patterns or other markings along the length of the rope
- a twist of the rope is unfavorable and significantly reduces the tensile strength of the rope. Therefore, turning back to the original, i. torsion-free shape of the rope necessary.
- the rope according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in cable devices, in particular in the field of agriculture and forestry and the construction and transport industry.
- an equivalent alternative to steel ropes for the first time an equivalent alternative to steel ropes, but at a much lower weight (a rope according to the invention typically has a weight of only about 20% of the weight of a comparable steel rope) can be provided.
- the rope according to the invention as a supporting rope, guy rope, pull rope, hoisting rope, return rope or rope in ropes, mast ropes and winches according to the example in the ⁇ standards L 5219 and L 5276 in terms of mobile ropes for wood handling or rinsewinden for land and Forestry used definitions.
- a preferred method of making the rope of the present invention comprises making a rope core of textile fiber material and wrapping the rope core with a cladding of textile fiber material and characterized in that the rope core, prior to wrapping with the clad, is greater than 5%, preferably 5.5% to 20%, particularly preferably 6% to 15% of the maximum tensile force of the core is stretched.
- the stretching of the core can preferably be carried out at a temperature which is elevated in relation to room temperature, in particular an ambient temperature, up to the melting range or decomposition range of the polymer used as the fiber material of the core.
- the stretching of the core may preferably be carried out at an ambient temperature of 50 ° C to 140 ° C, particularly preferably 90 ° C to 120 ° C.
- a choker rope with a core of Dyneema® fibers, a sheath (intermediate sheath of polyester fibers) and a sheath of Dyneema® fibers was made according to the following construction: Core: Dyneema® SK75; 12er braid: dtex 1760x15 / 20S - 2-fold x 6 dtex 1760x15 / 20Z - 2-fold x 6 The core was drawn at 100 ° C to the extent of 5.5% of the maximum tensile force.
- a choker rope with a core of Dyneema® fibers, a sheath (intermediate sheath of polyester fibers) and a sheath of Vectran® fibers was made according to the following construction: Core: Dyneema® SK75; 12er braid: dtex 1760x15 / 20S - 2-fold x 6 dtex 1760x15 / 20Z - 2-fold x 6 The core was at 100 ° C to the extent of 5.5% of Maximum tensile force stretched.
- a guy rope with a core of Dyneema® fibers and a sheath of polyester fibers was made according to the following construction: Core: Dyneema® SK75; 12er braid: dtex 1760x11 / 20S - x10 / 10Z x 6 dtex 1760x11 / 20Z - x10 / 10S x 6 The core was at 120 ° C in an amount of 10% of Maximum tensile force stretched.
- Coat Polyester multifilament yarn; 32er braid: dtex 1100x12 / 70S - 3x x 16 dtex 1100x12 / 70Z - 3x x 16
- a mounting member having a core of Dyneema®, an adhesion enhancing impregnated on the core and a sheath of polyester fibers was prepared according to the following construction: Core: Dyneema® SK75; 12er braid: dtex 1760x7 / 20S - 1-fold x 6 dtex 1700x7 / 20Z - 1-fold x 6
- the core was drawn at 110 ° C to the extent of 5.5% of the maximum tensile force.
- the core was also impregnated with a polyurethane-based impregnation immediately before braiding the jacket.
- Sheath polyester multi-filament yarn; 32er braid: dtex 1100x12 / 70S - 3x x 16 dtex 1100x12 / 70Z - 3x x 16
- Example No Diameter [mm] HZK [daN] Weight core [g core / m rope] Specific strength F S [daN / (g core / m rope)] 1 16.0 22,000 140 157.0 2 15.1 13330 66.6 200.2 3 15.1 13120 66.6 197.0 4 26.5 45,900 247 185.8 5 9.6 3861 15.4 250.7
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Seil aus einem textilen Fasermaterial.The present invention relates to a rope made of a textile fiber material.
Im Bereich der Land- und Forstwirtschaft und der Bau- und Transportwirtschaft werden für Seilgeräte, z.B. Seilmastgeräte oder Winden, zumeist Stahlseile als Zugseile, Tragseile u.dgl. eingesetzt.In the field of agriculture and forestry and the construction and transport industries, cable equipment, e.g. Rope masts or winches, mostly steel ropes as traction cables, suspension cables and the like. used.
An Seile in diesem Anwendungsbereich werden insbesondere hohe Anforderungen hinsichtlich ihrer Zugfestigkeit und ihrer Abrasionsbeständigkeit gelegt, da die Seile z.B. am Waldboden und über Baumstämme geführt werden.In particular, high demands are placed on ropes in this field of application in terms of their tensile strength and their abrasion resistance, since the ropes are used e.g. on the forest floor and over tree trunks.
Wünschenswert ist auch eine einfache Bestimmbarkeit der Ablegereife, d.h. jenes Zeitpunktes, an welchem das Seil aufgrund zu großer Beschädigungen durch den laufenden Betrieb präventiv ersetzt werden muss.Desirable is also a simple determinability of the Ablegereife, i. that point in time at which the rope must be preventively replaced due to excessive damage due to ongoing operation.
Aus den obigen Gründen sind derzeit, wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, hauptsächlich Stahlseile für die genannten Zwecke in Verwendung, da sie einerseits eine hohe Zugfestigkeit aufweisen und andererseits auch sehr abriebbeständig sind.For the above reasons are currently, as already mentioned, mainly steel cables for the purposes mentioned in use, since they on the one hand have a high tensile strength and on the other hand are also very resistant to abrasion.
Der Nachteil von Stahlseilen liegt jedoch in ihrem großen Gewicht. Dies ist insbesondere dann nachteilig, wenn die Seile, z.B. beim Aufstellen von Kippmastgeräten, von Hand eingezogen werden müssen.The disadvantage of steel cables, however, is their great weight. This is particularly disadvantageous when the cables, e.g. when setting up tipper masts, must be pulled by hand.
Es würde daher bereits versucht, Seile aus einem textilen Fasermaterial im Bereich der Land- und Forstwirtschaft einzusetzen. Bekannt sind mantellose Seile aus einem hochfesten textilen Fasermaterial (z.B. der Dyneema®-Faser, einem hochfesten und hochmodularen Polyethylen (HMPE)-Fasermaterial).It would therefore already tried to use ropes made of a textile fiber material in the field of agriculture and forestry. Sheathless ropes are known from a high strength textile fiber material (e.g., Dyneema® fiber, a high strength and high modulus polyethylene (HMPE) fiber material).
Wenn aber ein Seil aus einem textilen Fasermaterial gleich hohe Zugfestigkeiten wie ein Stahlseil erreichen soll, müssen die Einzelfasern möglichst weitgehend in Seilrichtung ausgerichtet werden, d.h. es müssen Zwirne bzw. Litzen mit geringer Drehung bzw. großer Schlaglänge eingesetzt werden. Dies geht jedoch auf Kosten der Abrasionsbeständigkeit. Zudem ist es schwierig, bei solchen Seilen die Ablegereife zu bestimmen.However, if a rope made of a textile fiber material should achieve the same high tensile strength as a steel cable, the individual fibers must be aligned as much as possible in the cable direction, ie it must twines or strands with low rotation or large lay length are used. However, this comes at the expense of abrasion resistance. In addition, it is difficult to determine the Ablegereife with such ropes.
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich zur Aufgabe, ein Seil aus einem textilen Fasermaterial zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches sich insbesondere zur Anwendung für Seilgeräte aller Art, insbesondere Winden, eignet und die oben erwähnten Nachteile nicht aufweist.The present invention has for its object to provide a rope made of a textile fiber material, which is particularly suitable for use for ropes of all kinds, in particular winches, and does not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Seil aus textilem Fasermaterial, welches in an sich bekannter Weise in einer Kern/Mantel-Konstruktion vorliegt, gelöst, welches Seil dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die spezifische Festigkeit des Seils Fs (in [daN/g Kern/m Seil]) in Abhängigkeit vom Durchmesser des Seils DM (in [mm]) folgender Formel genügt:
und dass der Kern des Seiles in einem Ausmaß von mehr als 5% der Höchstzugskraft des Kerns verstreckt ist.This object is achieved by a rope of textile fiber material, which is present in a conventional manner in a core / shell construction, which rope is characterized in that the specific strength of the rope F s (in [daN / g core / m Rope]) depending on the diameter of the rope DM (in [mm]) of the following formula:
and that the core of the rope is stretched to an extent greater than 5% of the maximum tensile force of the core.
Seile aus einem textilen Fasermaterial, welche in einer Kern/Mantel-Konstruktion vorliegen, sind an sich bekannt, siehe z.B. das Dokument
Für die Zwecke der vorliegenden Erfindung steht im folgenden der Begriff "Kern" sowohl für einen einzigen Kern als auch für eine Mehrzahl von in einem Seil vorhandenen Kernen.For the purposes of the present invention, the term "core" will be understood hereinafter to mean both a single core and a plurality of cores present in a cable.
Seile mit einer Kern/Mantel-Konstruktion sind zwar für viele Gebiete, wie z.B. im Bereich des Bergsportes oder der Nautik, gebräuchlich, wurden aber für den Bereich von Seilgeräten in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft bislang nicht vorgeschlagen. Dafür gibt es verschiedene Gründe:
- Zum einen wirken im gegenständlichen Anwendungsbereich wesentlich höhere Zugbelastungen, die über den Mantel auf den Kern übertragen werden müssen. Selbst geringfügige Verschiebungen zwischen Kern und Mantel führen zu einer schlechten Kraftübertragung und zum Aufschieben des Mantels: Dadurch wird das Seil für Abrasion anfällig und weist zudem an der entsprechenden Stelle eine Verdickung auf, die noch stärker beansprucht wird. All dies führt schlussendlich zur Zerstörung des Seils.
- On the one hand, much higher tensile loads act in the objective field of application, which must be transmitted to the core via the jacket. Even slight shifts between the core and the jacket lead to poor power transmission and the sliding of the shell: This makes the rope prone to abrasion and also has a thickening in the appropriate place, which is even more stressed. All this eventually leads to the destruction of the rope.
Die Erfindung stellt nun erstmals ein textiles Seil mit Kern-/Mantelstruktur zur Verfügung, welches ähnlich gute Zugfestigkeiten und Abrasionsbeständigkeit wie ein Stahlseil vergleichbarer Dicke aufweist.The invention now provides for the first time a textile rope with a core / sheath structure which has similarly good tensile strengths and abrasion resistance as a steel rope of comparable thickness.
Der Durchmesser DM des erfindungsgemäßen Seils beträgt dabei bevorzugt 4 bis 60 mm, bevorzugt 4 bis 40 mm, insbesondere bevorzugt 4 bis 26 mm.The diameter DM of the rope according to the invention is preferably 4 to 60 mm, preferably 4 to 40 mm, particularly preferably 4 to 26 mm.
Der Kern des erfindungsgemäßen Seiles ist in einem Ausmaß von mehr als 5%, bevorzugt 5,5% bis 20%, besonders bevorzugt 6% bis 15% der Höchstzugskraft des Kerns, verstreckt. Der Kern von herkömmlichen Seilen mit einer Kern-/Mantel-Konstruktion ist üblicherweise nur bis zu einem Bereich von bis zu 5% der Höchstzugskraft verstreckt.The core of the rope according to the invention is stretched to an extent of more than 5%, preferably 5.5% to 20%, more preferably 6% to 15% of the maximum tensile force of the core. The core of conventional ropes having a core / sheath construction is usually stretched only up to a range of up to 5% of the maximum tensile force.
Es hat sich dabei als günstig erwiesen, wenn die Verstreckung des Kerns einer bei gegenüber Raumtemperatur erhöhten Temperatur, insbesondere bei einer Umgebungstemperatur bis hin zum Schmelzbereich bzw. Zersetzungsbereich des jeweils als Fasermaterial des Kerns verwendeten Polymers durchgeführt wird. Die für das jeweilige Fasermaterial des Kerns geeigneten Temperaturbereiche kann der Fachmann im Rahmen seines Fachwissens ermitteln. Bei Kernen aus einem HMPE-Fasermaterial (z.B. Dyneema®-Fasern) ist eine Umgebungstemperatur von 50°C bis 140°C, bevorzugt von 90°C bis 120°C, bevorzugt.It has proven to be advantageous if the stretching of the core is carried out at a temperature which is elevated in relation to room temperature, in particular at an ambient temperature up to the melting range or decomposition range of the polymer used as the fiber material of the core. The temperature ranges suitable for the respective fiber material of the core can be determined by one skilled in the art within the scope of his specialist knowledge. For cores made of a HMPE fiber material (e.g., Dyneema® fibers), an ambient temperature of from 50 ° C to 140 ° C, preferably from 90 ° C to 120 ° C, is preferred.
Der Durchmesser eines erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt hoch verstreckten Kerns ist gegenüber weniger verstreckten Kernen verkleinert. Dadurch wird ermöglicht, trotz Aufbringung eines Mantels auf den Kern ein Seil zu erhalten, welches nicht wesentlich dicker ist als ein Stahlseil gleicher Zugfestigkeit. Gleichzeitig gewährleistet der Mantel gegenüber einem ausschließlich aus einem Kern aus hochfesten Fasern bestehenden Seil einen Schutz des Kerns und eine verbesserte Abriebbeständigkeit.The diameter of a preferably highly stretched core according to the invention is smaller than less oriented cores. This makes it possible, despite applying a jacket on the core to obtain a rope which is not substantially thicker than a steel cable of equal tensile strength. At the same time, the sheath ensures protection of the core and improved abrasion resistance over a rope made entirely of a core of high strength fibers.
Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäß bevorzugten hohen Verstreckung des Kerns des Seils tritt außerdem bei der.Anwendung des Seiles keine weitere Durchmesserverringerung des Kerns auf. Dadurch kann eine Verschiebung zwischen Mantel und Kern weitgehend unterbunden werden.Due to the inventively preferred high stretching of the core of the rope also occurs in der.Anwendung the rope no further reduction in diameter of the core. As a result, a shift between shell and core can be largely prevented.
Bevorzugt ist das Fasermaterial des Kerns aus der Gruppe bestehend aus hochfesten Fasern, insbesondere hochfesten Hochmodul-Polyethylenfasern, Aramidfasern, Flüssigkristallin(LC-)Polyesterfasern, Polybenzoxazolfasern sowie Mischungen daraus ausgewählt.The fiber material of the core is preferably selected from the group consisting of high-strength fibers, in particular high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fibers, aramid fibers, liquid-crystalline (LC) polyester fibers, polybenzoxazole fibers and mixtures thereof.
Hochfeste Hochmodul-Polyethylenfasern sind unter der Markenbezeichnung Dyneema® kommerziell erhältlich. LC-Polyesterfasern sind unter dem Markennamen Vectran® kommerziell erhältlich.High strength high modulus polyethylene fibers are commercially available under the trade name Dyneema®. LC polyester fibers are commercially available under the trade name Vectran®.
Ebenfalls bevorzugt ist das Fasermaterial des Mantels aus der Gruppe bestehend aus hochabriebfesten Fasern, insbesondere hochfesten Hochmodul-Polyethylenfasern, Flüssigkristallin(LC-)Polyesterfasern, sonstigen abriebfesten Polyesterfasern, Polyamidfasern und Mischungen daraus ausgewählt.Also preferred is the fiber material of the sheath from the group consisting of highly abrasion-resistant fibers, in particular high-strength high modulus polyethylene fibers, Liquid crystalline (LC) polyester fibers, other abrasion-resistant polyester fibers, polyamide fibers and mixtures thereof selected.
Das erfindungsgemäße Seil weist bevorzugt Mittel zur Erhöhung der Haftung zwischen Kern und Mantel des Seils auf.The rope according to the invention preferably has means for increasing the adhesion between core and sheath of the rope.
Dazu kann zumindest ein Teil der Oberfläche des Kerns mit einem Material ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Stapelfasergarnen und texturierten Multifilamentgarnen umhüllt sein. Diese Umhüllung kann beispielsweise in an sich bekannter Weise in Form einer Bewehrung, einer Umflechtung oder in Form von mit dem Kern mitgeflochtenen und zumindest teilweise an dessen Oberfläche liegenden Fasern mit erhöhter Haftung vorliegen.For this purpose, at least a part of the surface of the core may be enveloped with a material selected from the group consisting of staple fiber yarns and textured multifilament yarns. This sheath can be present, for example, in a manner known per se in the form of a reinforcement, a braiding or in the form of fibers with increased adhesion, which are braided to the core and at least partially lying on its surface.
Als Material für die Umhüllung eignen sich insbesondere Polyamid, Polyester, Polyacrylat, Polypropylen, Polyethylen sowie Mischungen daraus.Polyamide, polyester, polyacrylate, polypropylene, polyethylene and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable as material for the covering.
Zur Erhöhung der Haftung zwischen Kern und Mantel können zwischen diesen Komponenten Vernähungen vorgesehen werden.To increase the adhesion between the core and the jacket, sutures can be provided between these components.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu den bereits erwähnten Möglichkeiten der Haftungserhöhung zwischen Kern und Mantel kann zumindest ein Teil der Oberfläche des Kerns mit einer haftungserhöhenden Substanz beschichtet sein.Alternatively or in addition to the already mentioned possibilities of increasing the adhesion between the core and the jacket, at least part of the surface of the core may be coated with an adhesion-enhancing substance.
Auch der Mantel selbst bzw. die den Mantel bildenden Seilelemente wie z.B. Garne oder Zwirne kann/können mit einer haftungserhöhenden Substanz beschichtet sein.Also, the jacket itself or the cable elements forming the sheath such. Yarns or threads may be coated with an adhesion-enhancing substance.
Das erfindungsgemäße Seil bietet mehrere Möglichkeiten zur Feststellung von Schäden, aufgrund welcher das Seil als ablegereif angesehen muss:
- So können anhand einer Überprüfung des Zustandes des Mantels Schäden am Seil einfach festgestellt werden: Sobald Teile des Kernes sichtbar werden, muss das Seil ersetzt werden.
- Indizien für eine Ermüdung des Kernes eines Seiles sind einerseits eine Verdünnung des Seiles bzw. andererseits eine Verlängung des Seiles.
- Thus, by checking the condition of the jacket damage to the rope can be easily determined: As soon as parts of the core become visible, the rope must be replaced.
- Indications for a fatigue of the core of a rope are on the one hand a dilution of the rope or on the other hand an extension of the rope.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Seil geht eine Verdünnung des Seiles mit einer Lockerung des Mantels einher, welche manuell festgestellt werden kann.When the rope according to the invention a dilution of the rope is associated with a relaxation of the jacket, which can be manually detected.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Seiles weist der Mantel Markierungen auf, anhand welcher eine Verlängung des Seiles und/oder eine Verdrehung des Seiles feststellbar ist.In a preferred embodiment of the rope according to the invention, the jacket has markings by means of which an elongation of the rope and / or a twist of the rope can be detected.
Die Markierungen können beispielsweise fix beabstandet sein. Wenn der Mantel fix beabstandete Markierungen (z.B. einzelne anders gefärbte Flechtrauten in einem fixen Abstand von jeweils z.B. 10 cm) enthält, so kann vor Benutzung des Seiles überprüft werden, ob sich dieser Abstand geändert, insbesondere verlängert hat, was auf eine Verlängung des Seiles und daher auf eine Ablegereife hindeutet.The markings may for example be fixedly spaced. If the mantle contains fixedly spaced markings (eg, individual differently colored braids at a fixed distance of, for example, 10 cm), it can be checked before use of the rope whether this distance has changed, in particular lengthened, due to an extension of the rope and therefore indicates a Ablegereife.
Ebenso ist mit einem Muster von Markierungen (z.B. Streifenmuster oder sonstige Markierungen in Längsrichtung des Seiles) feststellbar, ob sich das Seil beim Gebrauch verdreht hat, was anhand einer Verzerrung des ursprünglichen Musters feststellbar ist. Eine Verdrehung des Seiles ist ungünstig und verringert die Zugfestigkeit des Seiles signifikant. Daher ist ein Zurückdrehen in die ursprüngliche, d.h. verdrehungsfreie Form des Seiles notewendig.Likewise, with a pattern of marks (e.g., stripe patterns or other markings along the length of the rope), it can be determined whether the rope has twisted in use, which is detectable by distortion of the original pattern. A twist of the rope is unfavorable and significantly reduces the tensile strength of the rope. Therefore, turning back to the original, i. torsion-free shape of the rope necessary.
Das erfindungsgemäße Seil eignet sich besonders zum Einsatz in Seilgeräten, insbesondere im Bereich der Land- und Forstwirtschaft und der Bau- und Transportwirtschaft. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Seil kann erstmals eine gleichwertige Alternative zu Stahlseilen, allerdings bei viel geringerem Gewicht (ein erfindungsgemäßes Seil hat typischerweise ein Gewicht von lediglich etwa 20% des Gewichts eines vergleichbaren Stahlseils) zur Verfügung gestellt werden.The rope according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in cable devices, in particular in the field of agriculture and forestry and the construction and transport industry. With the rope according to the invention, for the first time an equivalent alternative to steel ropes, but at a much lower weight (a rope according to the invention typically has a weight of only about 20% of the weight of a comparable steel rope) can be provided.
Insbesondere eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Seil als Tragseil, Abspannseil, Zugseil, Hubseil, Rückholseil oder Rückeseil in Seilgeräten, Mastseilgeräten und Winden gemäß den beispielsweise in den Ö-Normen L 5219 und L 5276 hinsichtlich mobiler Seilgeräte zur Holzbringung bzw. Rückewinden für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft verwendeten Definitionen.In particular, the rope according to the invention as a supporting rope, guy rope, pull rope, hoisting rope, return rope or rope in ropes, mast ropes and winches according to the example in the Ö standards L 5219 and L 5276 in terms of mobile ropes for wood handling or Rückewinden for land and Forestry used definitions.
Ein bevorzugtes Verfahren zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Seils umfasst die Herstellung eines Seilkerns aus textilem Fasermaterial und das Umhüllen des Seilkerns mit einem Mantel aus textilem Fasermaterial und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Seilkem vor dem Umhüllen mit dem Mantel in einem Ausmaß von mehr als 5%, bevorzugt 5,5% bis 20%, besonders bevorzugt 6% bis 15% der Höchstzugkraft des Kerns verstreckt wird.A preferred method of making the rope of the present invention comprises making a rope core of textile fiber material and wrapping the rope core with a cladding of textile fiber material and characterized in that the rope core, prior to wrapping with the clad, is greater than 5%, preferably 5.5% to 20%, particularly preferably 6% to 15% of the maximum tensile force of the core is stretched.
Die Verstreckung des Kerns kann bevorzugt bei einer gegenüber Raumtemperatur erhöhten Temperatur, insbesondere einer Umgebungstemperatur bis hin zum Schmelzbereich bzw. Zersetzungsbereich des jeweils als Fasermaterial des Kerns verwendeten Polymers durchgeführt werden.The stretching of the core can preferably be carried out at a temperature which is elevated in relation to room temperature, in particular an ambient temperature, up to the melting range or decomposition range of the polymer used as the fiber material of the core.
Wenn das Fasermaterial des Kernes aus hochfesten Hochmodul (HMPE-)Polyethylenfasern besteht, kann die Verstreckung des Kerns bevorzugt bei einer Umgebungstemperatur von 50°C bis 140°C, insbesondere bevorzugt 90°C bis 120°C, durchgeführt werden.If the fiber material of the core consists of high-strength, high-modulus (HMPE) polyethylene fibers, the stretching of the core may preferably be carried out at an ambient temperature of 50 ° C to 140 ° C, particularly preferably 90 ° C to 120 ° C.
Es wurde ein Seil, das lediglich aus einem Kern aus Dyneema®-Fasern besteht, getestet.A rope consisting only of a core of Dyneema® fibers was tested.
Ein Chokerseil mit einem Kern aus Dyneema®-Fasern, einer Umhüllung (Zwischenmantel aus Polyesterfasern) und einem Mantel aus Dyneema®-Fasern wurde gemäß folgender Konstruktion hergestellt:
Ein Chokerseil mit einem Kern aus Dyneema®-Fasern, einer Umhüllung (Zwischenmantel aus Polyesterfasern) und einem Mantel aus Vectran®-Fasern wurde gemäß folgender Konstruktion hergestellt:
Es wurde ein Abspannseil mit einem Kern aus Dyneema®-Fasern und einem Mantel aus Polyesterfasern gemäß folgender Konstruktion hergestellt:
Es wurde ein Montageseil mit einem Kern aus Dyneema®, einer auf den Kern aufgebrächten haftungserhöhenden Imprägnierung und einem Mantel aus Polyesterfasern gemäß folgender Konstruktion hergestellt:
Bei den in den Beispielen 1 bis 5 hergestellten Seile wurde die Höchstzugkraft (HZK) gemessen und mit dem jeweiligen Durchmesser des Seiles bzw. dem jeweiligen Kerngewicht korreliert.In the ropes produced in Examples 1 to 5, the maximum tensile force (HZK) was measured and correlated with the respective diameter of the rope or the respective core weight.
Die Ergebnisse dieser Tests sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle zusammengefasst:
Aus der Tabelle ist ersichtlich, dass sämtliche erfindungsgemäßen Seile (Beispiele 2 bis 5) eine deutlich höhere spezifische Festigkeit als ein ausschließlich aus einem Kern aus Dyneema®-Fasern bestehendes Seil aufweisen.From the table it can be seen that all the cables according to the invention (Examples 2 to 5) have a significantly higher specific strength than a rope consisting exclusively of a core of Dyneema® fibers.
Claims (14)
- A rope made of a textile fibre material and present in the form of a core-sheath structure in a manner known per se, characterized in that the specific strength of the rope Fs (in [daN/g core/m rope]) complies with the following formula depending on the diameter of the rope DM (in [mm]):
and that the core of the rope has been stretched to an extent of more than 5%, preferably 5.5% to 20%, particularly preferably 6% to 15%, of the core's maximum tensile force. - A rope according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter DM of the rope ranges from 4 to 60 mm, preferably from 4 to 40 mm, particularly preferably from 4 to 26 mm.
- A rope according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fibre material of the core is selected from the group consisting of high-strength fibres, in particular high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fibres, aramide fibres, liquid crystal (LC) polyester fibres, polybenzoxazole fibres and mixtures thereof.
- A rope according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibre material of the sheath is selected from the group consisting of highly abrasion resistant fibres, in particular high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fibres, liquid crystal (LC) polyester fibres, other abrasion resistant polyester fibres, polyamide fibres and mixtures thereof.
- A rope according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for increasing the adhesion between the core and the sheath of the rope.
- A rope according to claim 5, characterized in that at least a portion of the core's surface is wrapped with a material selected from the group consisting of staple fibre yarns and textured multifilament yarns.
- A rope according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that seams are provided between the core and the sheath.
- A rope according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that at least a portion of the core's surface is coated with an adhesion increasing substance.
- A rope according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath has marks based on which an elongation of the rope and/or a twisting of the rope is/are detectable.
- The use of a rope according to any of the preceding claims for rope devices, particularly in the field of agriculture and forestry and in the building and transport industries.
- The use according to claim 10 as a carrying rope, a stay rope, a hauling rope, a hoisting rope, a return rope or a logging rope in rope devices, pole rope devices and winches.
- A process for the production of a rope according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the manufacture of a rope core made of a textile fibre material and the wrapping of the rope core with a sheath made of a textile fibre material, characterized in that the rope core is stretched to an extent of more than 5%, preferably 5.5% to 20%, particularly preferably 6% to 15%, of the core's maximum tensile force before it is wrapped with the sheath.
- A process according to claim 12, characterized in that the stretching of the core is performed at a temperature higher than room temperature, in particular at an ambient temperature of up to the melting range or decomposition range, respectively, of the respective polymer used as the fibre material of the core.
- A process according to claim 12, characterized in that the fibre material of the core consists of high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fibres and the stretching of the core is performed at an ambient temperature of from 50°C to 140°C, preferably from 90°C to 120°C.
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AT5572006 | 2006-03-31 | ||
AT0108906A AT503634A1 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2006-06-28 | ROPE |
PCT/AT2007/000150 WO2007112468A1 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-03-30 | Rope |
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EP2002051A1 EP2002051A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
EP2002051B1 true EP2002051B1 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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US (1) | US7849666B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2002051B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT503634A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202007004784U1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2002051T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007112468A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10808355B2 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2020-10-20 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | High-strength fibre rope for hoisting equipment such as cranes |
US11008702B2 (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2021-05-18 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | High-strength fiber rope for lifting devices such as cranes |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8109072B2 (en) | 2008-06-04 | 2012-02-07 | Samson Rope Technologies | Synthetic rope formed of blend fibers |
FR2942810B1 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2012-03-23 | Beal Ets | SUSTAINABLE MARKING FOR A SAFETY ROPE |
DE202011001846U1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-04-30 | Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh | Device for detecting the Ablegereife a high-strength fiber rope when used on hoists |
US9003757B2 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2015-04-14 | Samson Rope Technologies | Rope systems and methods for use as a round sling |
US8689534B1 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-04-08 | Samson Rope Technologies | Segmented synthetic rope structures, systems, and methods |
EP2893958A1 (en) | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-15 | Senvion SE | Fire resistant rescue device |
US9573661B1 (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2017-02-21 | Samson Rope Technologies | Systems and methods for controlling recoil of rope under failure conditions |
US10377607B2 (en) | 2016-04-30 | 2019-08-13 | Samson Rope Technologies | Rope systems and methods for use as a round sling |
EP3597819B1 (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2022-01-26 | TROWIS GmbH | Textile traction and / or support means and method for producing textile traction and / or support means |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0150702B2 (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1996-10-02 | Teufelberger Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Rope formed of threads, yarns or twines made of textile fibrous material |
US5176862A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1993-01-05 | Dsm N.V. | Process for the manufacture of stretched rope |
US5358262A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-10-25 | Rolls-Royce, Inc. | Multi-layer seal member |
US6283004B1 (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2001-09-04 | Taiwan Paiho Limited | Shoelace |
EP1430176B1 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2006-05-10 | Mammut Tec AG | Rope-like structure |
-
2006
- 2006-06-28 AT AT0108906A patent/AT503634A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2007
- 2007-03-30 DK DK07718367.1T patent/DK2002051T3/en active
- 2007-03-30 DE DE202007004784U patent/DE202007004784U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2007-03-30 EP EP07718367.1A patent/EP2002051B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2007-03-30 WO PCT/AT2007/000150 patent/WO2007112468A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-03-30 US US12/293,832 patent/US7849666B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11008702B2 (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2021-05-18 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | High-strength fiber rope for lifting devices such as cranes |
US10808355B2 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2020-10-20 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | High-strength fibre rope for hoisting equipment such as cranes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2007112468A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
US7849666B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
EP2002051A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
DE202007004784U1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
AT503634A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
DK2002051T3 (en) | 2015-03-09 |
US20090320436A1 (en) | 2009-12-31 |
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