EP1815061B1 - Strand with increased adherence to metal disks - Google Patents
Strand with increased adherence to metal disks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1815061B1 EP1815061B1 EP05809105A EP05809105A EP1815061B1 EP 1815061 B1 EP1815061 B1 EP 1815061B1 EP 05809105 A EP05809105 A EP 05809105A EP 05809105 A EP05809105 A EP 05809105A EP 1815061 B1 EP1815061 B1 EP 1815061B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rope
- reinforcement
- element according
- yarn
- polyamide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002577 polybenzoxazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000531908 Aramides Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
- D07B5/005—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form characterised by their outer shape or surface properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
- D07B1/04—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics with a core of fibres or filaments arranged parallel to the centre line
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/2089—Jackets or coverings comprising wrapped structures
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/209—Jackets or coverings comprising braided structures
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/20903—Jackets or coverings comprising woven structures
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/20907—Jackets or coverings comprising knitted structures
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/201—Polyolefins
- D07B2205/2014—High performance polyolefins, e.g. Dyneema or Spectra
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2032—Polyacrylics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
- D07B2205/205—Aramides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2096—Poly-p-phenylenebenzo-bisoxazole [PBO]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rope or a rope element, which is used for the production of a rope.
- a reinforcement in the context of the present invention is therefore to be distinguished from a complete sheathing of a rope or a rope element, in which the entire surface is covered by another material.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to provide a cable which, with at least a consistently high service life and load capacity, additionally has improved static friction properties.
- rope element means any subunit of a rope, e.g. a strand or a twine used as a fibrous material, which forms with other subunits a rope or larger subunits of a rope.
- a “deviating" fiber material is to be understood as meaning a fiber material which differs from the fiber material of the rope or rope element, e.g. in terms of its chemical nature (e.g., different base polymer) or textile properties such as titer, texturing, twisting (e.g., twisting), etc.
- the material a) is preferably a multifilament yarn and / or staple fiber yarn from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polyamide, aramid, preferably p-aramid, HM-polyethylene, polybenzoxazole and mixtures thereof.
- the multifilament yarn of the material a) is textured.
- At least one polyacrylate staple fiber yarn and / or one polyamide BCF multifilament yarn is provided as material a).
- the staple fiber yarn or multifilament yarn of the material a) can preferably be used in a titer range from 500 dtex to 4500 dtex.
- the material a) and / or the material b) is present at least partly in impregnated form.
- a suitable impregnation also increases the grip of the materials used, which is particularly advantageous for material b).
- At least one optionally impregnated monofilament from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof is preferably used as material b).
- Also suitable as material b) are all non-impregnated monofilaments which have improved stiction properties compared with monofilaments conventionally used as reinforcing material.
- Particularly suitable as material b) are monofilaments having an elongation at break of at least 27%.
- the use of monofilaments with higher elongation at break (and thus lower hardness or better deformability at transverse pressure) increases the life of the rope.
- both the static friction value can be increased and the abrasion resistance and thus the service life can be improved.
- conventional textile impregnating agents such as fatty acid esters, waxes, silicones, fluorocarbons and polyurethanes or mixtures thereof.
- At least one monofilament from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof is preferably provided as material c).
- a combination of the material a) with the material c) is to be understood in particular as meaning that a cable element, e.g. a twine, reinforced with a certain number of threads of material a) and with a certain number of threads of the material c), i. e.g. braided or umstrickt is.
- a cable element e.g. a twine, reinforced with a certain number of threads of material a) and with a certain number of threads of the material c), i. e.g. braided or umstrickt is.
- the ratio of the sum of the proportions of material a) to the proportions of material c) in the combination is 3: 1 to 1: 7, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 4.
- the ratio is the numerical ratio between the number of threads of material a) and the threads of the material c) to understand.
- the rope or the rope element is preferably wound around the fiber material of the reinforcement, braided, umstrickt, crochet, umwebt and / or umwirkt.
- the type of attachment of the reinforcement can also affect the grip of the rope element or the rope.
- an embodiment of a rope is preferred in which a part of the strands of threads of the material a) and a different part of the strands of threads of the material c) are braided.
- a portion of the strands of threads of the materials a) and b) may be knit and another part of the strands of threads of the material c) braided or a part of the strands with threads of the materials a), b) and c) knits and another part of the strands with threads of the materials a), b) and c) be braided.
- the grip of the rope or rope element can be influenced not only by the type of reinforcement, but also by the choice of the fiber material of the rope element.
- a further preferred embodiment of the present invention is therefore characterized in that optionally impregnated multifilament yarns of polyamide and / or polyester multifilaments are provided as the fiber material of the cable element.
- a polyamide yarn PA 6 with a titer of 8800 dtex (twist with 80 T / m) can be used.
- these multifilament yarns are mixed with textured multifilament yarns and / or staple fiber yarns.
- the texturing of the Multfilamentgame or beyond the reinforcement hairs of the staple fiber yarns cause a further increase in the Grips.
- a preferred embodiment of the cable element according to the invention is a thread which is reinforced with threads of the material a) and b) or optionally with threads of the material c).
- Two or more twisted twines can be combined into one strand.
- a cable element according to the invention in the form of a strand of two or more, optionally reinforced twines can also be reinforced as such, i. the strand consisting of several twines is braided or knitted by a reinforcing material, as provided according to the invention, etc.
- the threads forming a strand can be arranged in parallel, twisted, twisted and / or braided in a manner known per se.
- the present invention further relates to a rope, in particular industrial part, which contains at least one rope element reinforced according to the invention.
- the rope according to the invention can be constructed such that it has, in addition to one or more rope element (s) reinforced according to the invention, further rope elements which have no reinforcement.
- part of the strands forming the rope may be reinforced with the material a) and b) while other strands are unreinforced.
- the rope also has rope elements reinforced exclusively with the material c).
- the rope may additionally have rope elements that are not reinforced at all.
- the cable according to the invention can also be provided with a reinforcement of the material a) and b) and optionally the material c), which is applied to the finished rope.
- the ropes according to the invention can be braided or turned or beaten in a conventional manner. It can be hollow cables and core ropes.
- the ropes according to the invention are distinguished from known ropes, in particular known paper guide ropes, by an increased static friction.
- the static friction coefficient determined according to the measuring method described below is preferably more than 1.20, preferably more than 1.25, particularly preferably more than 1.30.
- ropes according to the invention are particularly suitable as an industrial part; in particular paper guide rope.
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of a braided cable 1 according to the invention FIG. 1 consists essentially of strands 2.
- a strand 2 consists of two twines 3, which may for example be parallel or twisted together.
- the strand 2 is braided with a reinforcement 4, which in the example according to FIG. 2 consists of 16 impregnated polyamide monofilaments 5 with an elongation at break of 26%.
- the strand 2 is braided with a reinforcement 4, which in turn consists of 16 threads, 4 threads 5 'of a PAC Stapelmaschinegarn (ie, a material a)) and the remaining 12 threads 5 "from a unimpregnated polyamide monofilament having an elongation at break of 26% (ie, a material c)).
- a reinforcement 4 which in turn consists of 16 threads, 4 threads 5 'of a PAC Stapelmaschinegarn (ie, a material a)) and the remaining 12 threads 5 "from a unimpregnated polyamide monofilament having an elongation at break of 26% (ie, a material c)).
- the resulting reinforcement pattern is from the longitudinal section according to FIG. 4 seen.
- the 12 threads of the polyamide monofilament described above may also be present in impregnated form (material b)).
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are as reinforcement 4 four yarn threads 5 'of PAC staple fiber yarn (material a)), 8 yarn threads 5 "of unimpregnated polyamide monofilament with an elongation at break of 26% (material c)) and 4 yarn threads 5'" of polyamide BCF Yarn (another material a)) provided.
- the resulting reinforcement pattern is from the longitudinal section according to FIG. 6 seen.
- the embodiment of the rope according to the invention according to FIG. 7 comprises two different strand types 2 'and 2 "The strand 2' is braided with unimpregnated polyamide monofilaments having an elongation at break of 26% (material c), while the strand 2" is braided with a PAC staple fiber yarn (material a)). is knit.
- the strands were reinforced with different fiber materials and made of the braided strands in a conventional manner a rope.
- the rope was drawn circumferentially over a stationary metal drum made of ST 60 steel in accordance with the test standard ASTM D 3108-01.
- the metal drum is mounted non-rotatably and provided with a torque sensor. Due to the adhesion of the rope, a torque is generated on the train of the metal drum, which is a measure of the static friction value.
- a test specimen with a length of about 2 m is used.
- One end of the rope is loaded with a tension weight of 5 kg, the rope is guided with a wrapping angle of about 90 ° over the metal drum with the torque sensor and a subsequent guide roller and clamped at the other end in a drive pulley.
- a pull is exerted on the rope, so that the drive pulley together with the rope rotates from the starting point by 90 °, and the force acting on the metal drum is measured.
- the result is a static friction index, which can be used for the relative comparison of test specimens.
- table example reinforcement material Coefficient of static friction 1 12 polyamide monofilaments, not impregnated, elongation at break 26% 1.51 4 yarn threads made of staple staple yarn 560 dtex ( Figures 3 u. 4) 2 16 Polyamide monofilaments, breaking elongation 26%, impregnated ( FIG. 2 ) 1.32 3 12 Polyamide monofilaments, elongation at break 26%, impregnated 1.44 4 yarn threads made of staple staple yarn 560 dtex ( Figures 3 u.
- the table shows the significant improvement of the static friction of the rope compared to a rope with a conventional reinforcement (experiment 6).
Landscapes
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Seil bzw. ein Seilelement, welches zur Herstellung eines Seiles verwendet wird.The present invention relates to a rope or a rope element, which is used for the production of a rope.
Aus der
Mit der in der
Unter "Bewehrung" ist für die Zwecke der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Umwicklung, Umflechtung, Umstrickung etc. des Fasermaterials des Seiles bzw. des Seilelementes zu versehen, wobei jedoch die Oberfläche des Fasermaterials des Seiles bzw. des Seilelementes nicht vollständig abgedeckt wird.Under "reinforcement" is for the purposes of the present invention, a wrapping, braiding, knitting, etc. of the fiber material of the rope or the cable element to be provided, but the surface of the fiber material of the rope or the cable element is not completely covered.
Eine Bewehrung im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher von einer vollständigen Ummantelung eines Seiles bzw. eines Seilelementes, bei welcher die gesamte Oberfläche von einem anderen Material abgedeckt wird, zu unterscheiden.A reinforcement in the context of the present invention is therefore to be distinguished from a complete sheathing of a rope or a rope element, in which the entire surface is covered by another material.
Aus der
In der
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass Seile gemäß der Lehre der
Erst bei längerer Verwendung der Seile verbessert sich diese Situation, da Teile der relativ harten Bewehrung aufreißen und eine "Bürste" bilden, durch die der Antrieb gelingt. Dies ist allerdings wiederum mit dem Nachteil verbunden, dass Bruchstücke der Bewehrung zur Staubbildung und zur Verunreinigung von Maschinenteilen, die mit dem Seil in Berührung gelangen, führen.Only with longer use of the ropes improves this situation, since parts of the relatively hard reinforcement tear open and form a "brush" through which the drive succeeds. This is However, in turn associated with the disadvantage that fragments of the reinforcement for dusting and contamination of machine parts that come into contact with the rope lead.
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich zur Aufgabe, die genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu überwinden und insbesondere ein Seil zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches bei zumindest gleichbleibend hoher Lebensdauer und Belastbarkeit zusätzlich verbesserte Haftreibungseigenschaften aufweist.The object of the present invention is to overcome the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to provide a cable which, with at least a consistently high service life and load capacity, additionally has improved static friction properties.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Seil bzw. einem Seilelement gelöst, welches in an sich bekannter Weise eine Bewehrung aus vom Fasermaterial des Seiles bzw. des Seilelementes abweichendem Fasermaterial aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Fasermaterial der Bewehrung zumindest teilweise
- a) zumindest ein Multifilamentgarn und/oder Stapelfasergarn und
- b) zumindest ein Monofilament
- a) at least one multifilament yarn and / or Stapelfasergarn and
- b) at least one monofilament
Unter "Seilelement" ist im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung jede beliebige Untereinheit eines Seiles, z.B. eine Litze oder ein als Fasermaterial verwendeter Zwirn, zu verstehen, die mit anderen Untereinheiten ein Seil oder größere Untereinheiten eines Seiles bildet.In the context of the present invention, "rope element" means any subunit of a rope, e.g. a strand or a twine used as a fibrous material, which forms with other subunits a rope or larger subunits of a rope.
Wenn weiters im folgenden von einem Seilelement die Rede ist, so beziehen sich diese Ausführungen immer auch auf jene Form der vorliegenden Erfindung, in welcher ein gesamtes Seil als solches mit einer Bewehrung versehen ist.Furthermore, if in the following a rope element is mentioned, these embodiments always refer to that form of the present invention in which an entire rope is provided as such with a reinforcement.
Als "abweichendes" Fasermaterial ist ein Fasermaterial zu verstehen, das sich vom Fasermaterial des Seiles bzw. des Seilelementes z.B. hinsichtlich seiner chemischen Natur (z.B. unterschiedliches Basispolymer) oder hinsichtlich textiler Eigenschaften wie Titer, Texturierung, Drehung (z.B. bei Zwirnen) etc., unterscheidet.A "deviating" fiber material is to be understood as meaning a fiber material which differs from the fiber material of the rope or rope element, e.g. in terms of its chemical nature (e.g., different base polymer) or textile properties such as titer, texturing, twisting (e.g., twisting), etc.
Bei Verwendung eines Materials a) und b) als zumindest teilweiser Bestandteil der Bewehrung eines Seilelementes bzw. eines Seiles können die Haftreibungs- und Abriebeigenschaften des Seiles in hervorragender Weise gesteigert werden, ohne dass dadurch die Lebensdauer und Belastbarkeit negativ beeinflußt werden. Vielmehr können erfindungsgemäße Seile sogar eine höhere Lebensdauer als aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Seile aufweisen.When using a material a) and b) as at least partial component of the reinforcement of a rope element or a rope, the static friction and Abriebeigenschaften the rope can be increased in an excellent manner, without affecting the life and resilience are adversely affected. On the contrary, ropes according to the invention can even have a longer service life than ropes known from the prior art.
Das Material a) ist bevorzugt ein Multifilamentgarn und/oder Stapelfasergarn aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Polyacrylat, Polyamid, Aramid, bevorzugt p-Aramid, HM-Polyethylen, Polybenzoxazol und Mischungen daraus.The material a) is preferably a multifilament yarn and / or staple fiber yarn from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polyamide, aramid, preferably p-aramid, HM-polyethylene, polybenzoxazole and mixtures thereof.
Diese Materialien weisen eine vergleichsweise geringe Härte, d.h. bessere Verformbarkeit bei Querdruck auf, und daher eine höhere Haftreibung, was im folgenden mit der Bezeichnung "höherer Grip" umschrieben wird. Es handelt sich dabei nicht um Monofilamente, sondern um Fäden, Garne und Zwirne aus Multifilamenten bzw. Stapelfasern. Insbesondere Stapelfasergarne wirken grip-erhöhend. Die bessere Verformbarkeit bei Querdruck führt zugleich zu einer höheren Lebensdauer bei der für Industrieseile typischen Scheuerbeanspruchung.These materials have a comparatively low hardness, i. better deformability in transverse pressure, and therefore a higher static friction, which is hereinafter referred to as "higher grip". These are not monofilaments, but threads, yarns and threads of multifilaments or staple fibers. In particular staple fiber yarns increase grip. The better deformability in the case of transverse pressure also leads to a longer service life for the abrasion stress typical of industrial parts.
Besonders bevorzugt ist das Multifilamentgarn des Materials a) texturiert.Particularly preferably, the multifilament yarn of the material a) is textured.
Insbesondere bevorzugt ist als Material a) zumindest ein Polyacrylat-Stapelfasergarn und/oder ein Polyamid-BCF-Multifilamentgarn vorgesehen.In particular, at least one polyacrylate staple fiber yarn and / or one polyamide BCF multifilament yarn is provided as material a).
Das Stapelfasergarn bzw. Multifilamentgarn des Materials a) kann bevorzugt in einem Titerbereich von 500 dtex bis zu 4500 dtex eingesetzt werden.The staple fiber yarn or multifilament yarn of the material a) can preferably be used in a titer range from 500 dtex to 4500 dtex.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform liegt das Material a) und/oder das Material b) zumindest zum Teil in imprägnierter Form vor.In a further preferred embodiment, the material a) and / or the material b) is present at least partly in impregnated form.
Eine geeignete Imprägnierung erhöht ebenfalls den Grip der eingesetzten Materialien, was insbesondere beim Material b) von Vorteil ist.A suitable impregnation also increases the grip of the materials used, which is particularly advantageous for material b).
Bevorzugt wird als Material b) zumindest ein gegebenenfalls imprägniertes Monofilament aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Polyamid, Polypropylen, Polyethylen, Polyester und Mischungen daraus eingesetzt.At least one optionally impregnated monofilament from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof is preferably used as material b).
Als Material b) eignen sich auch sämtliche nicht imprägnierten Monofilamente, welche gegenüber herkömmlich als Bewehrungsmaterial verwendeten Monofilamenten verbesserte Haftreibungseigenschaften aufweisen.Also suitable as material b) are all non-impregnated monofilaments which have improved stiction properties compared with monofilaments conventionally used as reinforcing material.
Insbesondere geeignet als Material b) sind Monofilamente mit einer Bruchdehnung von zumindest 27 %. Die Verwendung von Monofilamenten mit höherer Bruchdehnung (und damit geringerer Härte bzw. besserer Verformbarkeit bei Querdruck) erhöht die Lebensdauer des Seiles.Particularly suitable as material b) are monofilaments having an elongation at break of at least 27%. The use of monofilaments with higher elongation at break (and thus lower hardness or better deformability at transverse pressure) increases the life of the rope.
Durch eine Oberflächenimprägnierung des Materials a) bzw. des Materials b) kann sowohl der Haftreibungswert erhöht als auch die Abriebbeständigkeit und damit die Lebensdauer verbessert werden. Zur Imprägnierung können übliche Textilimprägnierungsmittel wie Fettsäureester, Wachse, Silikone, Fluorcarbone und Polyurethane oder Mischungen daraus eingesetzt werden.By a surface impregnation of the material a) or the material b) both the static friction value can be increased and the abrasion resistance and thus the service life can be improved. For impregnation it is possible to use conventional textile impregnating agents such as fatty acid esters, waxes, silicones, fluorocarbons and polyurethanes or mixtures thereof.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung können nicht nur das Bewehrungsmaterial als solches, sondern auch zumindest ein Teil der Seilelemente bzw. das Seil als solches bzw. das Fasermaterial des Seiles bzw. der Seilelemente in imprägnierter Form vorliegen.In the context of the present invention, not only the reinforcing material as such, but also at least a part of the rope elements or the rope as such or the fiber material of the rope or the rope elements can be present in impregnated form.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, dass als Bewehrung eine Kombination aus dem Material a) und einem Material c) in Form von zumindest einem nicht imprägnierten Monofilament, welches
- i) nicht imprägniert ist und/oder
- ii) eine Bruchdehnung von weniger als 27% aufweist,
- i) is not impregnated and / or
- ii) has an elongation at break of less than 27%,
Als Material c) ist dabei bevorzugt zumindest ein Monofilament aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Polyamid, Polypropylen, Polyethylen, Polyester und Mischungen daraus vorgesehen.At least one monofilament from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof is preferably provided as material c).
Unter einer Kombination des Materials a) mit dem Material c) ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass ein Seilelement, z.B. ein Zwirn, mit einer gewissen Anzahl von Fäden aus Material a) und mit einer gewissen Anzahl von Fäden aus dem Material c) bewehrt, d.h. z.B. umflochten oder umstrickt ist.A combination of the material a) with the material c) is to be understood in particular as meaning that a cable element, e.g. a twine, reinforced with a certain number of threads of material a) and with a certain number of threads of the material c), i. e.g. braided or umstrickt is.
Dabei beträgt das Verhältnis der Summe der Anteile an Material a) zu den Anteilen an Material c) in der Kombination 3:1 bis 1:7, bevorzugt 1:1 1 bis 1:4.The ratio of the sum of the proportions of material a) to the proportions of material c) in the combination is 3: 1 to 1: 7, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 4.
Als Verhältnis ist dabei das numerische Verhältnis zwischen der Anzahl an Fäden aus Material a) und den Fäden aus dem Material c) zu verstehen.The ratio is the numerical ratio between the number of threads of material a) and the threads of the material c) to understand.
Dies soll anhand eines Zwirnes erläutert werden, der in an sich bekannter Weise mit einer Bewehrung in Form einer Umflechtung aus 16 Fäden versehen ist. Dabei seien 4 Fäden aus einem Stapelfasergarn gemäß der Spezifikation des Materials a) gebildet, die übrigen 12 Fäden seien aus nicht imprägniertem Monofilament gemäß der Spezifikation des Materials c) gebildet. In diesem Fall beträgt das Verhältnis der Anteile an Material a) zu den Anteilen an Material c) 4:12, d.h. 1:3.This will be explained with reference to a twist, which is provided in a conventional manner with a reinforcement in the form of a braid of 16 threads. 4 threads of a staple fiber yarn according to the specification of the material a) are formed, the remaining 12 Threads are formed from unimpregnated monofilament according to the specification of material c). In this case, the ratio of the proportions of material a) to the proportions of material c) is 4:12, ie 1: 3.
Das Seil bzw. das Seilelement ist vom Fasermaterial der Bewehrung bevorzugt umwunden, umflochten, umstrickt, umhäkelt, umwebt und/oder umwirkt. Die Art der Anbringung der Bewehrung kann dabei ebenfalls den Grip des Seilelementes bzw. des Seiles beeinflussen.The rope or the rope element is preferably wound around the fiber material of the reinforcement, braided, umstrickt, crochet, umwebt and / or umwirkt. The type of attachment of the reinforcement can also affect the grip of the rope element or the rope.
Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der zumindest ein Teil der Seilelemente des Seiles vom Fasermaterial der Bewehrung umflochten und ein weiterer Teil der Seilelemente vom Fasermaterial der Bewehrung umstrickt ist.Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which at least a part of the rope elements of the rope braided by the fiber material of the reinforcement and another part of the rope elements is surrounded by the fiber material of the reinforcement.
Weiters ist eine Ausführungsform eines Seiles bevorzugt, in welcher ein Teil der Litzen von Fäden des Materials a) umstrickt und ein anderer Teil der Litzen von Fäden des Materials c) umflochten sind.Furthermore, an embodiment of a rope is preferred in which a part of the strands of threads of the material a) and a different part of the strands of threads of the material c) are braided.
In weiteren Ausführungsformen kann ein Teil der Litzen von Fäden der Materialien a) und b) umstrickt und ein anderer Teil der Litzen von Fäden des Materials c) umflochten sein oder ein Teil der Litzen mit Fäden der Materialen a), b) und c) umstrickt und ein anderer Teil der Litzen mit Fäden der Materialen a), b) und c) umflochten sein.In further embodiments, a portion of the strands of threads of the materials a) and b) may be knit and another part of the strands of threads of the material c) braided or a part of the strands with threads of the materials a), b) and c) knits and another part of the strands with threads of the materials a), b) and c) be braided.
Der Grip des Seiles bzw. des Seilelementes kann nicht nur durch die Art der Bewehrung, sondern auch durch die Wahl des Fasermaterials des Seilelementes beeinflusst werden.The grip of the rope or rope element can be influenced not only by the type of reinforcement, but also by the choice of the fiber material of the rope element.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Fasermaterial des Seilelementes gegebenenfalls imprägnierte Multifilamentgarne aus Polyamid- und/oder Polyestermultifilamenten vorgesehen sind.A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is therefore characterized in that optionally impregnated multifilament yarns of polyamide and / or polyester multifilaments are provided as the fiber material of the cable element.
Beispielsweise kann als Fasermaterial für den Aufbau einer Litze des erfindungsgemäßen Seiles ein Polyamidgarn PA 6 mit einem Titer von 8800 dtex (Zwirn mit 80 T/m) eingesetzt werden.For example, as a fiber material for the construction of a strand of the rope according to the invention, a polyamide yarn PA 6 with a titer of 8800 dtex (twist with 80 T / m) can be used.
Besonders bevorzugt sind diesen Multifilamentgarnen texturierte Multifilamentgarne und/oder Stapelfasergarne beigemischt. Die Texturierung der Multfilamentgame bzw. über die Bewehrung hinausstehende Härchen der Stapelfasergarne bewirken eine weitere Erhöhung des Grips.More preferably, these multifilament yarns are mixed with textured multifilament yarns and / or staple fiber yarns. The texturing of the Multfilamentgame or beyond the reinforcement hairs of the staple fiber yarns cause a further increase in the Grips.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Seilelementes ist ein Zwirn, der mit Fäden des Materials a) und b) bzw. gegebenenfalls mit Fäden des Materials c) bewehrt ist.A preferred embodiment of the cable element according to the invention is a thread which is reinforced with threads of the material a) and b) or optionally with threads of the material c).
Zwei oder mehrere solcherart bewehrte Zwirne können zu einer Litze kombiniert werden.Two or more twisted twines can be combined into one strand.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Seilelement in Form einer Litze aus zwei oder mehreren, gegebenenfalls bewehrten Zwirnen kann aber auch als solches bewehrt sein, d.h. die aus mehreren Zwirnen bestehende Litze wird von einem Bewehrungsmaterial, wie erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, umflochten oder umstrickt etc.However, a cable element according to the invention in the form of a strand of two or more, optionally reinforced twines can also be reinforced as such, i. the strand consisting of several twines is braided or knitted by a reinforcing material, as provided according to the invention, etc.
Die eine Litze bildenden Zwirne können in an sich bekannter Weise parallel angeordnet, gezwirnt, gedreht und/oder geflochten vorliegen.The threads forming a strand can be arranged in parallel, twisted, twisted and / or braided in a manner known per se.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiters ein Seil, insbesondere Industrieseil, welches zumindest ein erfindungsgemäß bewehrtes Seilelement enthält.The present invention further relates to a rope, in particular industrial part, which contains at least one rope element reinforced according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Seil kann so aufgebaut sein, dass es zusätzlich zu einem oder mehreren erfindungsgemäß bewehrten Seilelelement(en) weitere Seilelemente aufweist, welche keine Bewehrung aufweisen. Zum Beispiel kann ein Teil der das Seil bildenden Litzen mit dem Material a) und b) bewehrt sein, während weitere Litzen unbewehrt sind.The rope according to the invention can be constructed such that it has, in addition to one or more rope element (s) reinforced according to the invention, further rope elements which have no reinforcement. For example, part of the strands forming the rope may be reinforced with the material a) and b) while other strands are unreinforced.
Weiters bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform, in welcher das Seil abgesehen von Seilelementen (z.B. Litzen), die mit dem Material a) und b) bewehrt sind, auch Seilelemente aufweist, die ausschließlich mit dem Material c) bewehrt sind. Auch in dieser Ausführungsform kann das Seil zusätzlich Seilelemente aufweisen, die überhaupt nicht bewehrt sind.Further preferred is an embodiment in which, apart from rope elements (e.g., strands) reinforced with the material a) and b), the rope also has rope elements reinforced exclusively with the material c). Also in this embodiment, the rope may additionally have rope elements that are not reinforced at all.
Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, kann das erfindungsgemäße Seil auch selbst mit einer Bewehrung aus dem Material a) und b) und gegebenenfalls dem Material c) versehen sein, die auf das fertige Seil aufgebracht wird.As already mentioned, the cable according to the invention can also be provided with a reinforcement of the material a) and b) and optionally the material c), which is applied to the finished rope.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Seile können in an sich bekannter Weise geflochten oder gedreht bzw. geschlagen sein. Es kann sich um Hohlseile und um Kernseile handeln.The ropes according to the invention can be braided or turned or beaten in a conventional manner. It can be hollow cables and core ropes.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Seile zeichnen sich gegenüber an sich bekannten Seilen, insbesondere an sich bekannten Papierführungsseilen, durch eine erhöhte Haftreibung aus.The ropes according to the invention are distinguished from known ropes, in particular known paper guide ropes, by an increased static friction.
Die entsprechend der weiter unten beschriebenen Messmethode ermittelte Haftreibungskennzahl beträgt bevorzugt mehr als 1,20, bevorzugt mehr als 1,25, insbesondere bevorzugt mehr als 1,30.The static friction coefficient determined according to the measuring method described below is preferably more than 1.20, preferably more than 1.25, particularly preferably more than 1.30.
Dementsprechend eignen sich erfindungsgemäße Seile insbesondere als Industrieseil; insbesondere Papierführungsseil.Accordingly, ropes according to the invention are particularly suitable as an industrial part; in particular paper guide rope.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend durch die Figuren und Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben:The invention is described in more detail below by the figures and exemplary embodiments:
-
Figur 1 zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Seiles.FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross section through an embodiment of the cable according to the invention. -
Figur 2 zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt durch eine bewehrte Litze.FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross section through an armored strand. -
Figur 3 zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß bewehrten Litze.FIG. 3 schematically shows a cross section through a further embodiment of an inventive braided strand. -
Figur 4 zeigt schematisch einen Längsschnitt der Litze gemäßFigur 3 .FIG. 4 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the strand according toFIG. 3 , -
Figuren 5 und 6 zeigen schematisch einen Querschnitt (Fig. 5 ) bzw. einen Längsschnitt (Fig. 6 ) durch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß bewehrten Litze.FIGS. 5 and 6 show schematically a cross section (Fig. 5 ) or a longitudinal section (Fig. 6 ) by a further embodiment of an inventive braided strand. -
Figur 7 zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Seiles.FIG. 7 schematically shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the cable according to the invention.
Eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen, geflochtenen Seiles 1 gemäß
In der Form gemäß
In der Ausführungsform gemäß
Das sich dabei ergebende Bewehrungsmuster ist aus dem Längsschnitt gemäß
In einer weiteren, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform können die 12 Fäden aus dem oben beschriebenen Polyamid-Monofilament auch in imprägnierter Form (Material b)) vorliegen.In a further embodiment, not shown, the 12 threads of the polyamide monofilament described above may also be present in impregnated form (material b)).
In der Ausführungsform gemäß
Die Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Seiles gemäß
Es wurden Seile mit dem in
Die Litzen wurden mit verschiedenen Fasermaterialien bewehrt und aus den bewehrten Litzen in an sich bekannter Weise ein Seil hergestellt.The strands were reinforced with different fiber materials and made of the braided strands in a conventional manner a rope.
Zur Bestimmung der Haftreibungseigenschaften des Seiles wurde in Anlehnung an die Prüfnorm ASTM D 3108-01 das Seil in Umfangrichtung über eine stehende Metalltrommel aus Stahl ST 60 gezogen. Die Metalltrommel ist unverdrehbar gelagert und mit einem Drehmomentensensor versehen. Durch die Haftung des Seiles wird beim Zug desselben auf die Metalltrommel ein Drehmoment generiert, das ein Maß für den Haftreibungswert ist.To determine the static friction properties of the rope, the rope was drawn circumferentially over a stationary metal drum made of ST 60 steel in accordance with the test standard ASTM D 3108-01. The metal drum is mounted non-rotatably and provided with a torque sensor. Due to the adhesion of the rope, a torque is generated on the train of the metal drum, which is a measure of the static friction value.
Zur Durchführung einer Messung wird ein Prüfling mit einer Länge von etwa 2 m verwendet. Ein Ende des Seils wird mit einem Spanngewicht von 5 kg belastet, das Seil wird mit einem Umschlingungswinkel von ca. 90° über die Metalltrommel mit dem Drehmomentensensor und eine nachfolgende Führungsrolle geführt und am anderen Ende in einer Antriebsscheibe eingespannt. Mittels der Antriebsscheibe wird ein Zug auf das Seil ausgeübt, sodass sich die Antriebsscheibe samt Seil ab dem Startpunkt um 90° dreht, und die dabei auf die Metalltrommel wirkende Kraft gemessen. Das Ergebnis ist eine Haftreibungskennzahl, die zum relativen Vergleich von Prüflingen herangezogen werden kann.To perform a measurement, a test specimen with a length of about 2 m is used. One end of the rope is loaded with a tension weight of 5 kg, the rope is guided with a wrapping angle of about 90 ° over the metal drum with the torque sensor and a subsequent guide roller and clamped at the other end in a drive pulley. By means of the drive pulley, a pull is exerted on the rope, so that the drive pulley together with the rope rotates from the starting point by 90 °, and the force acting on the metal drum is measured. The result is a static friction index, which can be used for the relative comparison of test specimens.
In der folgenden Tabelle sind die Meßwerte aufgelistet, die mit Seilen erzielt wurden, deren Litzen mit unterschiedlichen Materialien bewehrt waren:
Aus der Tabelle geht die deutliche Verbesserung der Haftreibung des Seiles gegenüber einem Seil mit einer herkömmlichen Bewehrung (Versuch 6) hervor.The table shows the significant improvement of the static friction of the rope compared to a rope with a conventional reinforcement (experiment 6).
Claims (20)
- A rope (1) or a rope element (2, 3) which comprises, in a manner known per se, a reinforcement (4) made of a fibre material varying from the fibre material of the rope or the rope element, respectively, characterized in that, as the fibre material of the reinforcement, at least partiallya) at least one multifilament yarn (5"') and/or staple fibre yarn (5') andb) at least one monofilament (5, 5")are provided.
- A rope or a rope element according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one multifilament yarn (5"') and/or staple fibre yarn (5') from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polyamide, aramide, HM-polyethylene, polybenzoxazol and mixtures thereof is/are provided as the material a).
- A rope or a rope element according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the multifilament yarn (5"') of material a) is textured.
- A rope or a rope element according to any of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that at least one polyacrylate staple fibre yarn (5') and/or one polyamide BCF multifilament yarn (5"') is/are provided as the material a).
- A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material a) and/or the material b) is/are present at least partly in an impregnated form.
- A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one Monofilament (5) from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof, which optionally has been impregnated, is provided as the material b).
- A rope or a rope element according to claim 6, characterized in that the monofilament of material b) has an elongation at break of at least 27%.
- A rope or a rope element according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the material a) or the material b), respectively, is impregnated with a material selected from the group consisting of fatty acid esters, waxes, silicones, fluorocarbons and polyurethanes or mixtures thereof, which material increases the static friction.
- A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a combination of the material a) as well as a material c) in the form of at least one monofilament (5"), whichi) is non-impregnated and/orii) has an elongation at break of less than 27%,is provided as the reinforcement.
- A rope or a rope element according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one monofilament (5") from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof is provided as the material c).
- A rope or a rope element according to any of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the ratio of the sum of the portions of material a) to the portions of material c) in the combination ranges from 3:1 to 1:7, preferably from 1:1 to 1:4.
- A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibre material of the reinforcement (4) is braided around at least a portion of the rope elements (2, 3) and the fibre material of the reinforcement is knitted around a further portion of the rope elements.
- A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that multifilament yarns from polyamide and/or polyester multifilaments, which optionally have been impregnated, are provided as the fibre material of the rope or the rope elements.
- A rope or a rope element according to claim 13, characterized in that textured multifilament yarns and/or staple fibre yarns are admixed to the multifilament yarns.
- A rope element in the form of a strand (2) of a rope (1), which strand is composed of two or more twines (3), which optionally are reinforced, wherein the strand as such has a reinforcement (4) according to any of claims I to 12.
- A rope element according to claim 15, characterized in that the twines (3) are present in a state in which they are arranged in parallel, twined, twisted and/or braided.
- A rope (1), in particular an industrial rope, comprising at least one rope element (2, 3) according to any of claims 1 to 16.
- A rope according to claim 17, comprising at least one further rope element which has no reinforcement.
- A rope according to any of claims 17 or 18, comprising at least one further rope element (2') which has a reinforcement consisting elusively of a material c).
- The use of a rope according to any of claims 1 to 14 and 17 to 19 as an industrial rope, especially as a paper guide rope.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT0199104A AT501197B1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2004-11-25 | STRAND WITH INCREASED LIABILITY ON METAL WASHERS |
PCT/AT2005/000469 WO2006055995A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-11-23 | Strand with increased adherence to metal disks |
Publications (2)
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EP1815061A1 EP1815061A1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
EP1815061B1 true EP1815061B1 (en) | 2009-10-14 |
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EP05809105A Active EP1815061B1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-11-23 | Strand with increased adherence to metal disks |
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US (1) | US7797919B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1815061B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT501197B1 (en) |
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DE (1) | DE502005008348D1 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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AT510030B1 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2012-01-15 | Teufelberger Gmbh | PAPER GUIDE ROPE |
AT512508B1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-09-15 | Teufelberger Gmbh | Core-sheath cable |
AT512517B1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-09-15 | Teufelberger Gmbh | Core-sheath cable |
CH706494B1 (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2016-01-29 | Mammut Sports Group Ag | Climbing rope and methods of making. |
US9394636B2 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2016-07-19 | Federal-Mogul Powertrain, Inc. | Enhanced braided sleeve and method of construction thereof |
US9447529B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2016-09-20 | A-Z Chuteworks L.L.C. | Cord material and methods of using same |
US9540749B2 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2017-01-10 | Milliken & Company | Monofilament jacketed woven tape |
US10590574B2 (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2020-03-17 | Federal-Mogul Powertrain Llc | Abrasion resistant braided textile sleeve and method of construction thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3403503A (en) * | 1967-06-30 | 1968-10-01 | Du Pont | Stranded rope and process for making it |
DE2222312A1 (en) | 1972-05-06 | 1973-11-22 | Battelle Institut E V | High strength plastics cable - eg for towing |
US4016714A (en) * | 1975-05-21 | 1977-04-12 | Ashaway Line & Twine Mfg. Co. | String construction |
US4563869A (en) | 1982-05-17 | 1986-01-14 | American Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Rope with reduced lash-back construction |
EP0150702B2 (en) | 1984-02-01 | 1996-10-02 | Teufelberger Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Rope formed of threads, yarns or twines made of textile fibrous material |
JPS61176299U (en) * | 1985-04-18 | 1986-11-04 | ||
DE29608971U1 (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1996-08-22 | Teufelberger Ges.M.B.H., Wels | Rope for taking along and passing on paper webs in the production of paper and cardboard on paper machines |
US6146759A (en) * | 1999-09-28 | 2000-11-14 | Land Fabric Corporation | Fire resistant corespun yarn and fabric comprising same |
US20030005681A1 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-09 | Xinhua (Sam) He | Construction and process of all-plastic cables for power and manual driving applications |
JP2003055850A (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-02-26 | Fukushima Prefecture | Composite yarn and fiber-reinforced plastic |
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- 2005-11-23 WO PCT/AT2005/000469 patent/WO2006055995A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-11-23 CA CA2589022A patent/CA2589022C/en active Active
- 2005-11-23 EP EP05809105A patent/EP1815061B1/en active Active
- 2005-11-23 DE DE502005008348T patent/DE502005008348D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US7797919B2 (en) | 2010-09-21 |
US20080127625A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
CA2589022C (en) | 2013-04-30 |
AT501197A1 (en) | 2006-07-15 |
CA2589022A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
EP1815061A1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
AT501197B1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
WO2006055995A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
DE502005008348D1 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
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