EP2000598A1 - Upper part of a manhole shaft - Google Patents
Upper part of a manhole shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2000598A1 EP2000598A1 EP07010936A EP07010936A EP2000598A1 EP 2000598 A1 EP2000598 A1 EP 2000598A1 EP 07010936 A EP07010936 A EP 07010936A EP 07010936 A EP07010936 A EP 07010936A EP 2000598 A1 EP2000598 A1 EP 2000598A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- dome
- cone
- stiffening structures
- shafts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/121—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor characterised by the connection between shaft elements, e.g. of rings forming said shaft
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/124—Shaft entirely made of synthetic material
Definitions
- the invention relates to an upper part for a shaft.
- Shaft tops are known from the prior art and usually have an outwardly curved shape. Due to this shape, these shaft tops have a good resistance to compressive forces exerted by the underground surrounding the shaft. In the area of the transition from shaft cone and shaft access part, however, there are always deformations. In this area, radially inwardly directed force components can cause the shaft top part to bend inwards at this point or to be pressed in over the tolerance range.
- an upper part for a shaft is known with an access part and a shaft cone, which is connected to the access part and can be placed with a peripheral edge on the side opposite the access part of the shaft cone on a shaft ring, the shaft cone has a substantially outwardly arched basic shape, wherein in the region of the transition from the access part to the shaft cone a substantially parallel to the plane in which the peripheral edge is located aligned reinforcing rib is provided on the outer surface of the shaft cone, which extends over the entire circumference.
- WO 2007/000299 A1 Is shaft top known for a shaft having an access part and a shaft cone, which is connected to an access part and can be placed with a connecting element on the access part opposite side of the shaft cone on another shaft element, wherein the shaft cone has a substantially outwardly arched basic shape, wherein the shaft cone has at least 3 sections in which substantially mutually parallel stiffening elements are arranged.
- the object of the invention was to provide a shaft top with the lowest possible wall thickness, but great stability, which is easy to produce even with simple tools.
- the invention is therefore an upper part of a shaft, with an access part and a shaft cone, which is connected to an access part and with a connecting element on the access part opposite side of the shaft cone can be placed on a further shaft element, wherein the shaft cone a substantially Having convex basic shape, characterized in that in the region of the shaft dome stiffening structures are arranged on the inner surface of this shaft dome, which is substantially radially or parallel, angular or concentric of one or more imaginary points or lines inside or outside the dome on the extend curved shape of the shaft cone down.
- the shaft top according to the invention has the same wall thickness as the prior art higher load capacity. With significantly reduced wall thickness same load capacity is achieved.
- a connecting element is provided by means of which the shaft top according to the invention can be placed sealingly on other shaft parts.
- the stiffening structures of the shaft upper part according to the invention allow the resulting loads (for example, traffic load, pressure load) to be reliably reduced.
- the internal stiffening structures can be viewed in cross-section as a rib, bead, bead, trapezoidal, diamond-shaped or l-carrier semicircular, elliptical, square, triangular or optimized depending on the application polygonal structure, so that the stiffness of the curved basic shape of the shaft cone optimized becomes.
- the distances between the stiffening structures and the dimension of the stiffening structures are also optimized and executed depending on the geometry and load requirements.
- the internal stiffening structures are protected against damage by the filling material (earth, gravel, gravel and the like) or by manipulation (for example during installation). Therefore, a stable stability of the shaft top is guaranteed.
- the substantially smooth outer side also allows a more homogeneous compaction of the filling material than in known shaft tops.
- the shaft top may include further internal stiffening structures that may extend over the inner circumference. These elements can be viewed in cross-section as a rib, bead, bead, trapezoidal, diamond-shaped or l-carrier semicircular, elliptical, square, triangular or designed as depending on the application optimized polygonal structure. They may be concentric, eccentric radial, or angular around an imaginary point inside or outside the dome.
- the upper part of the shaft may have, on its outer side, optionally circumferentially extending buoyancy securing elements, which may be in the form of ribs, webs, segments, tabs, knobs, tips and the like.
- these buoyancy securing elements can be arranged continuously or not continuously, depending on the shape, for example, in the form of concentric circles (from an imaginary center, which may be the same or different to the imaginary point from which the stiffening extend).
- the shape of the buoyancy protection elements can be optimized depending on the backfill material used.
- the access part can be arranged eccentrically or centrally, optionally holding elements can be provided inside.
- a device may be provided on the ring of the shaft top, which allows a centering of the upper part of a Schachtstoff- or -unterteil.
- This device can be designed as an optical marking or as a mechanical guide aid (for example as a guide pin or fork or the like).
- the upper shaft part according to the invention is preferably produced from thermoplastically processable plastics, preferably in an injection molding process.
- the shaft top according to the invention is, for example, for sewage shafts, water pump shafts, safety shafts, one-man bunkers, Water storage tanks, pellet storage tanks, geothermal storage tanks, service shafts (eg for electric cables).
- the shaft top according to the invention is in the FIGS. 1 to 3 shown.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Oberteil für einen Schacht.The invention relates to an upper part for a shaft.
Schachtoberteile sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und weisen üblicherweise eine nach außen gewölbte Form auf. Aufgrund dieser Form weisen diese Schachtoberteile eine gute Beständigkeit gegen Druckkräfte auf, die aus dem den Schacht umgebenden Untergrund ausgeübt werden.
Im Bereich des Übergangs von Schachtkonus und Schachtzugangsteil kommt es jedoch immer wieder zu Verformungen. In diesem Bereich können radial nach innen gerichtete Kraftkomponenten bewirken, dass sich das Schachtoberteil an dieser Stelle nach innen verbiegt bzw. über den Toleranzbereich eingedrückt wird.Shaft tops are known from the prior art and usually have an outwardly curved shape. Due to this shape, these shaft tops have a good resistance to compressive forces exerted by the underground surrounding the shaft.
In the area of the transition from shaft cone and shaft access part, however, there are always deformations. In this area, radially inwardly directed force components can cause the shaft top part to bend inwards at this point or to be pressed in over the tolerance range.
Aus
Aus
Diese Schachtsysteme sind entweder nur durch aufwändige Werkzeuge herzustellen oder bedingt durch die großen Wandstärken sehr schwer und weisen außerdem keine optimale Belastbarkeit auf.These shaft systems are either only to be produced by expensive tools or due to the large wall thicknesses very heavy and also have no optimal load capacity.
Aufgabe der Erfindung war es ein Schachtoberteil mit möglichst geringer Wandstärke, aber großer Stabilität bereitzustellen, das auch mit einfachen Werkzeugen leicht herstellbar ist.The object of the invention was to provide a shaft top with the lowest possible wall thickness, but great stability, which is easy to produce even with simple tools.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist daher ein Oberteil für einen Schacht, mit einem Zugangsteil und einem Schachtkonus, welcher mit einem Zugangsteil verbunden ist und mit einem Verbindungselement auf der dem Zugangsteil gegenüberliegenden Seite des Schachtkonus auf ein weiteres Schachtelement aufsetzbar ist, wobei der Schachtkonus eine im Wesentlichen nach außen gewölbte Grundform aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Schachtkuppel Versteifungsstrukturen an der inneren Oberfläche dieser Schachtkuppel angeordnet sind, die sich im Wesentlichen radial oder parallel, winkelig bzw. konzentrisch von einem oder mehreren gedachten Punkten oder Linien innerhalb oder außerhalb der Kuppel über die gewölbte Form des Schachtkonus nach unten erstrecken.The invention is therefore an upper part of a shaft, with an access part and a shaft cone, which is connected to an access part and with a connecting element on the access part opposite side of the shaft cone can be placed on a further shaft element, wherein the shaft cone a substantially Having convex basic shape, characterized in that in the region of the shaft dome stiffening structures are arranged on the inner surface of this shaft dome, which is substantially radially or parallel, angular or concentric of one or more imaginary points or lines inside or outside the dome on the extend curved shape of the shaft cone down.
Das erfindungsgemäße Schachtoberteil weist bei gleicher Wandstärke wie der Stand der Technik höhere Belastbarkeit auf. Bei deutlich reduzierter Wandstärke wird gleiche Belastbarkeit erreicht.The shaft top according to the invention has the same wall thickness as the prior art higher load capacity. With significantly reduced wall thickness same load capacity is achieved.
Ferner ist ein Verbindungselement vorgesehen mittels dessen das erfindungsgemäße Schachtoberteil auf andere Schachtteile dichtend aufgesetzt werden kann.Furthermore, a connecting element is provided by means of which the shaft top according to the invention can be placed sealingly on other shaft parts.
Die Versteifungsstrukturen des erfindungsgemäßen Schachtoberteils erlauben, dass die anfallenden Belastungen (beispielsweise Verkehrsbelastung, Druckbelastung) sicher abgebaut werden können.The stiffening structures of the shaft upper part according to the invention allow the resulting loads (for example, traffic load, pressure load) to be reliably reduced.
Die innen liegenden Versteifungsstrukturen können im Querschnitt betrachtet als Rippe, Wulst, Sicke, trapezförmig, rautenförmig oder als l-Träger halbkreisförmig, elliptisch, quadratisch, dreieckig oder als je nach Anwendung optimierte polygonale Struktur ausgebildet sein, sodass die Steifigkeit der gewölbten Grundform des Schachtkonus optimiert wird.The internal stiffening structures can be viewed in cross-section as a rib, bead, bead, trapezoidal, diamond-shaped or l-carrier semicircular, elliptical, square, triangular or optimized depending on the application polygonal structure, so that the stiffness of the curved basic shape of the shaft cone optimized becomes.
Die Abstände zwischen den Versteifungsstrukturen und die Dimension der Versteifungsstrukturen werden ebenfalls je nach Geometrie und Belastungserfordemis optimiert und ausgeführt.The distances between the stiffening structures and the dimension of the stiffening structures are also optimized and executed depending on the geometry and load requirements.
Die innen liegenden Versteifungsstrukturen sind vor Beschädigungen durch das Verfüllmaterial (Erde, Schotter, Kies und dergleichen) oder durch Manipulationen (beispielsweise beim Einbau) geschützt.
Daher ist eine gleich bleibende Stabilität des Schachtoberteils gewährleistet.
Die im Wesentlichen glatte Außenseite ermöglicht ferner eine homogenere Verdichtung des Verfüllmaterials als bei bekannten Schachtoberteilen.The internal stiffening structures are protected against damage by the filling material (earth, gravel, gravel and the like) or by manipulation (for example during installation).
Therefore, a stable stability of the shaft top is guaranteed.
The substantially smooth outer side also allows a more homogeneous compaction of the filling material than in known shaft tops.
Durch die Anordnung der Versteifungsstrukturen im Innenbereich ist eine effiziente Werkzeugherstellung möglich. Durch die im Wesentlichen glatte Außenseite können daher auch die Außenschalen der Werkzeuge wesentlich einfacher gestaltet werden.The arrangement of the stiffening structures in the interior of an efficient tool production is possible. Due to the substantially smooth outside, therefore, the outer shells of the tools can be made much simpler.
In einer Ausführungsform kann das Schachtoberteil weitere innen liegende Versteifungsstrukturen aufweisen, die sich über den inneren Umfang erstrecken können.
Diese Elemente können im Querschnitt betrachtet als Rippe, Wulst, Sicke, trapezförmig, rautenförmig oder als l-Träger halbkreisförmig, elliptisch, quadratisch, dreieckig oder als je nach Anwendung optimierte polygonale Struktur ausgebildet sein. Sie können um einen gedachten Punkt innerhalb oder außerhalb der Kuppel konzentrisch, exzentrisch radial, oder winkelig angeordnet sein.In one embodiment, the shaft top may include further internal stiffening structures that may extend over the inner circumference.
These elements can be viewed in cross-section as a rib, bead, bead, trapezoidal, diamond-shaped or l-carrier semicircular, elliptical, square, triangular or designed as depending on the application optimized polygonal structure. They may be concentric, eccentric radial, or angular around an imaginary point inside or outside the dome.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform kann das Oberteil für den Schacht an seiner Außenseite sich gegebenenfalls über den Umfang erstreckende Auftriebssicherungselemente aufweisen, die in Form von Rippen, Stegen, Segmente, Laschen, Noppen, Spitzen und dergleichen ausgeführt sein können. Dabei können diese Auftriebssicherungselemente je nach Form durchgängig oder nicht durchgängig angeordnet sein kann, beispielsweise auch in Form von konzentrischen Kreisen (von einem gedachten Mittelpunkt, der gleich oder unterschiedlich sein kann zu dem gedachten Punkt von dem aus sich die Versteifungsstrukturen erstrecken) ausgeführt sein.In a particular embodiment, the upper part of the shaft may have, on its outer side, optionally circumferentially extending buoyancy securing elements, which may be in the form of ribs, webs, segments, tabs, knobs, tips and the like. In this case, these buoyancy securing elements can be arranged continuously or not continuously, depending on the shape, for example, in the form of concentric circles (from an imaginary center, which may be the same or different to the imaginary point from which the stiffening extend).
Dabei kann die Form der Auftriebssicherungselemente je nach verwendetem Verfüllmaterial optimiert sein.The shape of the buoyancy protection elements can be optimized depending on the backfill material used.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform können andere funktionale Strukturen, wie Hebehilfen und dergleichen frei an der Außenseite positioniert werden.In another embodiment, other functional structures such as hoists and the like may be freely positioned on the outside.
Das Zugangsteil kann exzentrisch oder mittig angeordnet sein, wobei gegebenenfalls innen Halteelemente vorgesehen sein können.The access part can be arranged eccentrically or centrally, optionally holding elements can be provided inside.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform kann am Ring des Schachtoberteils eine Vorrichtung vorgesehen sein, die ein Zentrieren des Oberteils an einem Schachtmittel- oder -unterteil erlaubt. Diese Vorrichtung kann als optische Markierung oder als mechanische Führungshilfe (beispielsweise als Führungsbolzen oder Gabel oder ähnliches) ausgebildet sein.In a particular embodiment, a device may be provided on the ring of the shaft top, which allows a centering of the upper part of a Schachtmittel- or -unterteil. This device can be designed as an optical marking or as a mechanical guide aid (for example as a guide pin or fork or the like).
Das erfindungsgemäße Schachtoberteil wird vorzugsweise aus thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren Kunststoffen vorzugsweise in einem Spritzgussverfahren hergestellt.The upper shaft part according to the invention is preferably produced from thermoplastically processable plastics, preferably in an injection molding process.
Das erfindungsgemäße Schachtoberteil ist beispielsweise für Abwasserschächte, Wasserpumpenschächte, Sicherheitsschächte, Ein-Mann-Bunker, Wasserspeicher, Pellettstanks, Pufferspeicher für Erdwärme, Serviceschächte (beispielsweise für Elektroleitungen) geeignet.The shaft top according to the invention is, for example, for sewage shafts, water pump shafts, safety shafts, one-man bunkers, Water storage tanks, pellet storage tanks, geothermal storage tanks, service shafts (eg for electric cables).
Das erfindungsgemäße Schachtoberteil ist in den
Darin bedeuten 1 das Schachtoberteil, 2 die sich über die gewölbte Form des Schachtkonus nach unten erstreckenden Versteifungsstrukturen, 3 die Auftriebssicherungselemente, 4 Haltelemente.1, the upper part of the shaft, 2 the stiffening structures extending downwards over the arched shape of the shaft cone, 3 the lifting securing elements, 4 holding elements.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07010936A EP2000598A1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Upper part of a manhole shaft |
PCT/EP2008/004357 WO2008148507A1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-02 | Upper part for a shaft |
EP08758926.3A EP2150654B1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-02 | Upper part for a shaft |
US12/597,283 US8656654B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-02 | Upper part for a shaft |
BRPI0813181A BRPI0813181A2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-02 | upper shaft |
EA200971118A EA019283B1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-02 | Upper part for a shaft |
PL08758926T PL2150654T3 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-02 | Upper part for a shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07010936A EP2000598A1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Upper part of a manhole shaft |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2000598A1 true EP2000598A1 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
Family
ID=38669912
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07010936A Withdrawn EP2000598A1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Upper part of a manhole shaft |
EP08758926.3A Not-in-force EP2150654B1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-02 | Upper part for a shaft |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08758926.3A Not-in-force EP2150654B1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-06-02 | Upper part for a shaft |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8656654B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2000598A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0813181A2 (en) |
EA (1) | EA019283B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2150654T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008148507A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6685604B2 (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2020-04-22 | 株式会社ダイクレ | Synthetic resin manhole |
NL1042411B1 (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-07 | Wavin Bv | Inspection chamber part |
US20190352896A1 (en) * | 2017-11-18 | 2019-11-21 | Mick Y Dorsey | P.e.d. shelters |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT309349B (en) * | 1971-05-14 | 1973-08-10 | Friedrich Oestreicher Ing | Container, shaft or the like., In particular for sewage systems |
DE9420219U1 (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1995-02-02 | Jung Pumpen Gmbh & Co | Waste water collection shaft made of plastic |
US5852901A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1998-12-29 | Tuf-Tite, Inc. | Stackable riser for on-site waste and drainage systems |
EP0906477A1 (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1999-04-07 | Wavin B.V. | Top piece for a manhole structure |
US20030145527A1 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-07 | Meyers Theodore W. | Riser pan component for on-site waste systems |
WO2007000299A1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Rehau Ag + Co. | Top piece for a manhole structure |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US302463A (en) * | 1884-07-22 | Tornado-proof building | ||
US1793038A (en) * | 1928-03-07 | 1931-02-17 | Leroy G Zimmermann | Manhole construction |
US3533199A (en) * | 1968-08-19 | 1970-10-13 | William C Pickett | Adjustable manhole construction |
US4089139A (en) * | 1976-08-24 | 1978-05-16 | Armco Steel Corporation | Segmented cylindrical reinforced plastic manhole structure |
US4488392A (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1984-12-18 | Pearcey Dale A | Underground house and construction method |
US5117593A (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1992-06-02 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Underground storage silo for emergency supplies |
US6385919B1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2002-05-14 | Mccarthy Walton W. | Disaster shelter |
US6434896B1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2002-08-20 | Applied Solar Technology, Inc. | Double-walled underground tornado shelter with connection means on the flanges of upper and lower hemispherical halves |
US6695541B1 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2004-02-24 | Jeffrey E. Spence | Modular dock system and method of construction |
US6915612B2 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2005-07-12 | Brett Oakley | Window well with increased in-ground stability |
US6997639B2 (en) * | 2002-10-07 | 2006-02-14 | Wayne John Nadasde | Method and apparatus for adjusting the height and inclination of roadway and greenway appurtenances |
US7627992B1 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2009-12-08 | Peter W. Gavin | Stackable riser and cover configuration |
US7926510B1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2011-04-19 | EZflow L.P. | Risers for use with access openings in wastewater treatment tanks |
US7540683B2 (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2009-06-02 | Salas Gary W | Subterranean conduit cover |
-
2007
- 2007-06-04 EP EP07010936A patent/EP2000598A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-06-02 EA EA200971118A patent/EA019283B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-02 PL PL08758926T patent/PL2150654T3/en unknown
- 2008-06-02 US US12/597,283 patent/US8656654B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-02 WO PCT/EP2008/004357 patent/WO2008148507A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-06-02 BR BRPI0813181A patent/BRPI0813181A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-02 EP EP08758926.3A patent/EP2150654B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT309349B (en) * | 1971-05-14 | 1973-08-10 | Friedrich Oestreicher Ing | Container, shaft or the like., In particular for sewage systems |
DE9420219U1 (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1995-02-02 | Jung Pumpen Gmbh & Co | Waste water collection shaft made of plastic |
US5852901A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1998-12-29 | Tuf-Tite, Inc. | Stackable riser for on-site waste and drainage systems |
EP0906477A1 (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1999-04-07 | Wavin B.V. | Top piece for a manhole structure |
US20030145527A1 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-07 | Meyers Theodore W. | Riser pan component for on-site waste systems |
WO2007000299A1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Rehau Ag + Co. | Top piece for a manhole structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EA200971118A1 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
WO2008148507A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
EP2150654A1 (en) | 2010-02-10 |
US8656654B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
EA019283B1 (en) | 2014-02-28 |
EP2150654B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
US20110072731A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
PL2150654T3 (en) | 2019-04-30 |
BRPI0813181A2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
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