US302463A - Tornado-proof building - Google Patents
Tornado-proof building Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US302463A US302463A US302463DA US302463A US 302463 A US302463 A US 302463A US 302463D A US302463D A US 302463DA US 302463 A US302463 A US 302463A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- building
- tornado
- proof building
- exterior
- proof
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102100017923 ACOT12 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710008266 ACOT12 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 240000001973 Ficus microcarpa Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000003141 Lower Extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 240000003919 Smyrnium olusatrum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015898 miriam Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/02—Roof ventilation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B29/00—Devices, e.g. installations, for rendering harmless or for keeping off harmful chemical agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
Definitions
- My invention has reference to the construe tion of tornado-proof buildings, and pertains to rendering such buildings intrinsically strong, insulating the same, provisions for instantly closing the same, rendering the roof integral therewith, and extending the same into the earth.
- rIhe building may be constructed of a small sizeto be conveniently located, and to be used as a resort in cases of severe storms or tornadoes; or its general features may be adopted in permanent residences in those districts subject to devastating electrical storms and tornadoes.
- Figure l is a vertical vsection of the complete structure embodying my invention.
- Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section of such a structure on the line x .fr of Fig. l.
- Fig. 3 is a detached View of the exterior of the building before the glass or melted-sand coating is placed thereon.
- A is the entire building, which is made octagonal or other shape presenting no right angles.
- B is a frame rising vertically in the center of the building A, and around the frame B, at suitable elevations, are rigidly fastened the interior ledges, b b, to receive the j oists c,whicl1 support the floor and ceiling.
- C C are window-shutters hinged at their lower extremity, and resting, when open, upon the exterior ledges, d.
- a slight projection,l d' protrudes over each window to prevent the ingress of rain.
- a cord, D passes from cach window to the center of the ceiling, and there passes over pulleys E, and, after passing over such pulleys, is plaited and brought down within convenient reach, so that one downward pull on such rope will instantly close all of the shutters C.
- the walls of the house are constructed of vertical posts F and cross-strips G, the latter having intervals c between them to receive the clinches of the outer coating.
- the walls A have the flare K at their lower end around their entire exterior.
- the lower edge of the building is placed from three to four feet below the surface ofthe ground, and, after a coating of glass or melted sand, M, is poured over the exterior, the earth is firmly packed around the outside of the building to the normal level of the ground, the coating referred to protecting the building from moisture and consequent rotting.
- the roof N is of conical shape, and is constructed of rafters radiating like the joists c from the frame B, and suitably fastened to the tops of the posts F.
- the center frame, B may be made of sufficient size to be used for butteries, closets, entry to cellar, &c.
- H is a ventilator or chimney.
- the building A provided with the external Hare, K, and having its exterior covered with glass or melted sand, Asubstaiitially as shown, and for the purpose described,
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
I'. K; ALEXANDER.
TORNAD PROF BUILDING. No. 302,463. JC- Patented JulyzZZ, 1884.
Nv Parana. PPPPP o-L. u wnsrfngwn. D c.
NITED STATES PATENT rines.`
TORNADO-PROOF BUILDING.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 302,463, dated July 22, 1884-.
Application filed November 12, 1883. (No model.)
` To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, FRANcns K. ALEXAN- DER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Sterling, in the county of Whiteside and AState of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tornado-Proof Buildings;Y and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.v
My invention has reference to the construe tion of tornado-proof buildings, and pertains to rendering such buildings intrinsically strong, insulating the same, provisions for instantly closing the same, rendering the roof integral therewith, and extending the same into the earth. rIhe building may be constructed of a small sizeto be conveniently located, and to be used as a resort in cases of severe storms or tornadoes; or its general features may be adopted in permanent residences in those districts subject to devastating electrical storms and tornadoes.
In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical vsection of the complete structure embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section of such a structure on the line x .fr of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a detached View of the exterior of the building before the glass or melted-sand coating is placed thereon.
A is the entire building, which is made octagonal or other shape presenting no right angles.
B is a frame rising vertically in the center of the building A, and around the frame B, at suitable elevations, are rigidly fastened the interior ledges, b b, to receive the j oists c,whicl1 support the floor and ceiling.
Around the interior of the Walls A of the building are rigidly affixed the ledges a a, to receive the outer ends of the joists c.
C C are window-shutters hinged at their lower extremity, and resting, when open, upon the exterior ledges, d. A slight projection,l d', protrudes over each window to prevent the ingress of rain. A cord, D, passes from cach window to the center of the ceiling, and there passes over pulleys E, and, after passing over such pulleys, is plaited and brought down within convenient reach, so that one downward pull on such rope will instantly close all of the shutters C. The walls of the house are constructed of vertical posts F and cross-strips G, the latter having intervals c between them to receive the clinches of the outer coating. The walls A have the flare K at their lower end around their entire exterior. The lower edge of the building is placed from three to four feet below the surface ofthe ground, and, after a coating of glass or melted sand, M, is poured over the exterior, the earth is firmly packed around the outside of the building to the normal level of the ground, the coating referred to protecting the building from moisture and consequent rotting. The roof N is of conical shape, and is constructed of rafters radiating like the joists c from the frame B, and suitably fastened to the tops of the posts F. The
`outer edge of the roof N does not proj ect beyond the sides of the building. The rafters are decked and coated like the sides of the building, and the roof N .is thus rendered integral with theremainder of the building. In a house of this kind used as a permanent residence the center frame, B, may be made of sufficient size to be used for butteries, closets, entry to cellar, &c.
H is a ventilator or chimney.
The advantages of this construction are, rst, by reason of the interior being braced in every direction from a connnon center there is very littlelikelihood of the sides being forced in; second, by the construction shown of the window-shutters and the arrangement of the cord D all external apertures can be instantly closed, third, the exterior coating of glass or melted sand not only permits the partial sinking of the house below the surface of the ground without breaking its continuity,
but as in the most terric storms or tornadoes f The flaring bottoni ol" the building, projeeted under ground, niakes it possible to give the building any degree or' stability desired.
Vhat I claim 'for iny invention, and Wish to secure by JTrotters Patent of the United States,
1s l. The building A, provided with the external Hare, K, and having its exterior covered with glass or melted sand, Asubstaiitially as shown, and for the purpose described,
2. In combination with the building A, provided with the external flare, K, shutters U, eords D, and pulleys E, substantially as shown, and for the purpose named.
8. The frame B, provided with the ledge D. the Walls A, provided with the ledge a, ain the joists c, in Combination, substantially as Shown, and for the purpose specified FRANCS K. ALlDXANDEl-.
fitnessesz Miriam n. (T. lh S'roxn.
HA'SKHLL,
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US302463A true US302463A (en) | 1884-07-22 |
Family
ID=2371635
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US302463D Expired - Lifetime US302463A (en) | Tornado-proof building |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US302463A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2817924A (en) * | 1956-09-07 | 1957-12-31 | Edward F Schrader | Multi-storied building toy |
US3521546A (en) * | 1967-03-01 | 1970-07-21 | Vacuum Concrete Overseas Co Es | Atmospheric pressure equalizing means |
US5551916A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1996-09-03 | Morse, Jr.; Harry R. | Tornado protection system |
US6151841A (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2000-11-28 | Green; Thomas H. | Prefabricated portable tornado shelter |
US20110072731A1 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2011-03-31 | Friedrich Kastner | Upper part for a shaft |
-
0
- US US302463D patent/US302463A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2817924A (en) * | 1956-09-07 | 1957-12-31 | Edward F Schrader | Multi-storied building toy |
US3521546A (en) * | 1967-03-01 | 1970-07-21 | Vacuum Concrete Overseas Co Es | Atmospheric pressure equalizing means |
US5551916A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1996-09-03 | Morse, Jr.; Harry R. | Tornado protection system |
US6151841A (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2000-11-28 | Green; Thomas H. | Prefabricated portable tornado shelter |
US20110072731A1 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2011-03-31 | Friedrich Kastner | Upper part for a shaft |
US8656654B2 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2014-02-25 | Ifw Manfred Otte Gmbh | Upper part for a shaft |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10392821B2 (en) | Four-device-in-one splash-and-drip-eliminating gazebo, comprising self-ventilating anti-mosquito top-roof system, splash-drip-eliminating bottom-roof system, leaf-filtering gutter-spout post system, multi-purpose multi-configuration panel system, and height-adjustable base system | |
US3633325A (en) | Building structure cantilevered from vertical central support | |
US6151841A (en) | Prefabricated portable tornado shelter | |
US3154888A (en) | Building construction | |
US302463A (en) | Tornado-proof building | |
US20170275907A1 (en) | Tunnel Connector for an In-Ground Storm Shelter | |
US2978758A (en) | Water-beam canopy | |
US744199A (en) | Cave. | |
US20100162635A1 (en) | Gazebo Structure | |
HUT72261A (en) | Emergency shelter | |
US4171600A (en) | Process for constructing modular building and resulting product | |
US1083876A (en) | Building. | |
US34569A (en) | Improvement in tents | |
US391442A (en) | w welburn | |
JP2011137350A (en) | Mountain building | |
US490779A (en) | Building for protection against cyclones | |
US1379725A (en) | Stable | |
US950085A (en) | Roofing construction. | |
US217984A (en) | Improvement in buildings | |
GR1009861B (en) | Self- and-double supported shade shelters | |
US503689A (en) | Orlando owen walker | |
US1632421A (en) | House construction | |
US490205A (en) | Portable house or tent | |
US2024056A (en) | Greenhouse | |
US411516A (en) | Building |