EP1997212A1 - Machine électrique - Google Patents

Machine électrique

Info

Publication number
EP1997212A1
EP1997212A1 EP07703912A EP07703912A EP1997212A1 EP 1997212 A1 EP1997212 A1 EP 1997212A1 EP 07703912 A EP07703912 A EP 07703912A EP 07703912 A EP07703912 A EP 07703912A EP 1997212 A1 EP1997212 A1 EP 1997212A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
partial
armature
coil
commutator
coils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07703912A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Achim Hawighorst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1997212A1 publication Critical patent/EP1997212A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/10—Arrangements of brushes or commutators specially adapted for improving commutation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/26—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings
    • H02K23/34—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings having mixed windings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical machine, in particular a DC machine, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • WO 2005/076442 A discloses an electric motor with a symmetrically arranged armature winding.
  • the symmetrically arranged armature winding consists of a first coil which is wound between any two Ankernuten and is electrically contacted on adjacent Kommutatorlamellen.
  • a second coil is wound between two armature slots, which are in point-symmetrical position with respect to the center point of the armature shaft relative to the two armature slots of the first coil and are wound in the opposite direction.
  • the number of Ankernuten is the same
  • the engine has a brush for high and low speeds and a common brush.
  • the first and second spools are arranged to be in a symmetrical position with respect to a center passing through the center of the high-speed brush and the center of the rotary shaft when the high-speed brush comes in contact with the adjacent commutator fin and thereby first coil is shorted to the second coil.
  • the electrical machine according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has an improved noise reduction and improved electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • the electric machine according to the invention comprises an armature winding of armature coils, wherein at least one armature coil of two symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of the armature Part coils is constructed.
  • the armature coils are formed so that in each case two partial coils are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the armature.
  • the number of commutator bars is an integer multiple of the number of armature slots.
  • the number of Kommutatorlamel- len is in particular at least twice as large as the number of Ankernuten.
  • the number of commutator bars is twice as large as the number of armature slots.
  • the number of lamellae may also be, for example, three times the number of armatures.
  • the commutator preferably has an even number of commutator bars.
  • the two partial coils are arranged symmetrically with respect to one another such that when the partial coils are energized in a magnetic field, substantially no radial forces act on the armature.
  • the two partial coils can be commutated at the same time, for example by being connected to adjacent commutator segments. The resulting radial forces are compensated particularly well by the fact that the two
  • Part coils are arranged substantially geometrically parallel to each other and at the same distance from the axis of rotation of the armature.
  • the radial forces can be compensated particularly well by the fact that the two sub-coils have the same number of turns.
  • the radial forces can also be compensated particularly well by the two sub-coils are wound in opposite directions to each other.
  • the two partial coils arranged symmetrically to one another are also referred to below as a partial coil pair. In particular, it is a two-pole electrical winding.
  • the two symmetrically arranged partial coils are preferably wound in the manner of the ternary winding, but may also be wound in the manner of the diameter winding.
  • a corresponding number of partial coils is wound in each case a Ankernut.
  • the two sub-coils of a partial coil pair can either be connected electrically in series or parallel to one another.
  • the two partial coils In the series connection, the two partial coils have two ends, which are electrically connected to one commutator each. If twice the number of commutator bars is provided, the two ends of the two series-connected partial coils are each electrically connected to the next-but-one commutator bar.
  • the first end of a first partial coil pair is connected to a first commutator and the second end of the first partial coil pair connected to the next but one, so the third, commutator.
  • the intermediate second commutator bar is connected to the first end of a second partial coil pair, while the second end of the second partial coil pair is in turn connected to the next but one, here the fourth, commutator bar.
  • This combination of the two ends of a series-connected partial coil pair continues accordingly until all armature slots are occupied by symmetrically arranged partial coils.
  • the two ends of the series-connected partial coils are each electrically connected to the third commutator bar in an analogous manner. This means that, for example, the first end of a first partial coil pair with a first commutator and the second
  • first coil pair is connected to the fourth commutator. Accordingly, the first end of a second partial coil pair is connected to the second commutator fin, the second end of the second partial coil pair is connected to the fifth commutator fin. Furthermore, the first end of a third partial coil pair is connected to the third commutator fin, the second end of the third partial coil pair is connected to the sixth commutator fin.
  • each of the two partial coils of a partial coil pair has two ends, so that four ends per partial coil pair are electrically conductively connected to the commutator lamellae. With a doubled number of commutator bars, the ends of the two sub-coils are alternately connected to adjacent commutator bars. This means that the second end of a partial coil is connected to the next but one Kommutatorlamelle.
  • the electric machine according to the invention has at least two brushes which slidably rest against the commutator.
  • the two brushes are e.g. opposite each other.
  • the brush width is selected such that during the rotation of the commutator in each case the fins to which the two coil sections are connected, are short-circuited.
  • it may also have a different brush width, e.g. 1, 2 times the width of a commutator bar.
  • a third brush which is radially between the opposing brushes (hereinafter referred to as the first and second brush) is arranged.
  • the third brush is less than 180 ° to the first brush in the direction of rotation by a certain angle, e.g. 70 °, offset.
  • the two opposing brushes i. the first and second brush
  • the third brush is de-energized.
  • the second and the third brush are energized, whereas the first brush is de-energized.
  • the second brush thus forms the common brush, which cooperates at low speeds with the first brush and at high speeds with the third brush.
  • the symmetrically arranged partial coils are designed as double windings with reduced, e.g. formed with the half, coil wire cross section in two layers. As a result, an increased Nut Shelltex can be achieved.
  • the electrical machine according to the invention may be, for example, a two-pole DC motor for adjusting movable components in the motor vehicle, such as e.g. a windscreen wiper motor, window lift motor, seat adjustment motor.
  • Fig. 1 shows an electric machine with two brushes
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of armature coils with two symmetrical partial coils with tendon winding in series
  • Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of armature coils with two symmetrical partial coils with tendon winding in parallel
  • FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of armature coils with two symmetrical partial coils with a diameter winding
  • Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment with three times the number of commutator bars.
  • an electrical machine 100 which has an armature 20, two magnetic pole 30 and a commutator 10 with Kommutatorlamellen 11.
  • the armature 20 and the commutator 10 are rotatably mounted on an armature shaft 22 having a rotation axis 21.
  • First and second brushes 14 slidably face each other on the commutator 10.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a partial development of a first embodiment of armature coils, each having two symmetrical partial coils.
  • the commutator 10 has 24 lamellae 11 and the armature 20 has twelve teeth 23 and twelve armature slots 24.
  • the armature coil is wound in the manner of a loop winding in the form of a chord winding.
  • a first partial coil pair 25, 26 is wound as follows: The winding of a first partial coil 25 is located in a first anchor groove 24 between the twelfth and first teeth 23 and the sixth anchor groove 24 between the fifth and sixth teeth 23.
  • the winding of a second partial coil 26 is located in the twelfth Ankernut 24 between the eleventh and twelfth tooth 23 and the seventh Ankernut 24 between the sixth and seventh tooth 23.
  • the two ends of the first and second part coil 25, 26 are connected to the next but one (here the third and fifth) commutator 11th electrically connected.
  • the two partial coils 25, 26 are therefore connected in series.
  • the first and sixth Ankernut 24 and the seventh and twelfth Ankernut 24 are opposite to each other, so that the two sub-coils 25, 26 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation 13 of the armature 20.
  • the partial coils 25, 26 run parallel to one another, the two partial coils 25, 26 being wound in the opposite direction. are wrapped in a sense. In the illustrated embodiment, first the first partial coil 25 is wound before the second partial coil 26 is wound. Alternatively, however, the two partial coils 25, 26 are alternately wound.
  • a first partial coil 25 'of a second partial coil pair 25', 26 ' is also located in the first and sixth armature groove 24, the second partial coil 26' of the second partial coil pair 25 ', 26' lies in the twelfth and seventh Ankernut 24.
  • the two ends are in turn each connected to the next but one Kommutatorlamelle 11, wherein the first end of the second coil sub-pair is here tatorlamelle 11 connected to the fourth, the second end with the sixth commutator.
  • the other armature slots 24 are each occupied by two first partial coils 25 or second partial coils 26 of two partial coil pairs 25, 26, the two ends of a partial coil pair 25, 26 each having the next but one Kommutatorlamelle 11 (eg the third and fifth, and the fourth and sixth ) connected is.
  • Commutator blade 11 are connected.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial development of a second embodiment of armature coils, each with two symmetrical partial coils 25, 26 and 25 ', 26' of two partial coil pairs shown schematically.
  • the commutator 10 has 24 lamellae 11 and the armature 20 has twelve teeth 23 and twelve armature slots 24.
  • the armature coil is likewise wound in the manner of the loop winding in the form of a chord winding.
  • the winding of a first partial coil 25 of a first partial coil pair 25, 26 is located in the second anchor groove 24 between the first and second teeth 23 and the seventh anchor groove 24 between the sixth and seventh teeth 23.
  • the winding of a second partial coil 26 of the first partial coil pair 25, 26th is located in the first anchor groove 24 between the twelfth and first tooth 23 and the eighth anchor groove 24 between the seventh and eighth tooth 23.
  • the two sub-coils 25, 26 are connected in parallel by the two ends of each sub-coil 25, 26, each with the next but one Kommutatorlamelle 11 are electrically connected. That is, in FIG. 3, the first end of the first sub-coil
  • the first partial coil 25 'of a second partial coil pair 25 ', 26' is in the same Ankernuten 24 as the first part coil 25 of the first coil subgroup 25, 26, but the coil ends of FIG. 3 with the seventh and ninth Kommutatorlamelle 11 are electrically connected.
  • the second partial coil 26 'of the second partial coil pair 25', 26 ' is wound in the same armature slots 24 as the second partial coil 26 of the first partial coil pair 25, 26. Their first and second ends are connected to the sixth and eighth commutator blades 11.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a partial development of a first embodiment of armature coils, each having two symmetrical partial coils.
  • the commutator 10 has 24 fins 11 and the armature 20 has twelve teeth
  • a first partial coil pair 25, 26 is wound as follows: The winding of a first partial coil 25 lies in a first armature groove 24 between the twelfth and first tooth 23 and in the seventh armature groove 24 between the sixth and seventh tooth 23. The winding of a second partial coil 26 is also in the first anchor groove 24 between the twelfth and first tooth 23 and the seventh anchor groove 24 between the sixth and seventh tooth 23. The two ends of the first and second coil sections 25, 26 are with the next but one (here the sixth and eighth) Commutator blade 11 electrically connected. The two partial coils 25, 26 are therefore connected in series. In the illustrated embodiment, first the first sub-coil 25 is wound before the second sub-coil 26 is wound. Alternatively, however, the two partial coils 25, 26 are alternately wound.
  • a first partial coil 25 'and the second partial coil 26' of a second partial coil pair 25 ', 26' are also in the first and seventh Ankernut 24.
  • the two ends are in turn connected to each of the next but one Kommutatorlamelle 11, wherein the first end of the second partial coil 25th ', 26' is connected to the seventh, the second end to the ninth Kommutatorlamelle 11.
  • the other armature slots 24 are each occupied by two first partial coils 25 or second partial coils 26 of two partial coil pairs 25, 26, the two ends of a partial coil pair 25, 26 each having the next but one Kommutatorlamelle 11 (eg the third and fifth, and the fourth and sixth ) connected is.
  • a first partial coil pair 25, 26 is wound as follows: The winding of a first partial coil 25 is located in a first anchor groove 24 between the eighth and first teeth 23 and the fourth anchor groove 24 between the third and fourth teeth 23. The winding of a second partial coil 26 is located in the eighth anchor groove 24 between the seventh and eighth teeth 23 and the fifth anchor groove 24 between the fourth and fifth teeth 23. The two ends of the first and second sub-coils 25, 26 are connected to the third (here the third and sixth) commutator segments 11 electrically connected. The two partial coils 25, 26 are therefore connected in series. Analogous to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the armature slots 24, in which the first partial coil 25 is wound, and the armature slots 24, in which the second partial coil 26 is wound, face each other.
  • the two sub-coils 25, 26 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation 13 of the armature 20 by running parallel to each other, wherein the two sub-coils 25, 26 are wound in the reverse sense. In the illustrated embodiment, first the first sub-coil 25 is wound before the second sub-coil 26 is wound. Alternatively, however, the two partial coils
  • a first partial coil 25 'of a second partial coil pair 25', 26 ' is also located in the first and fourth armature 24, the second partial coil 26' of the second partial coil pair 25 ', 26' is also in the eighth and fifth Ankernut 24.
  • the two ends in turn connected in each case to the third commutator lamella 11, the first end of the second partial coil pair 25 ', 26' being connected here to the fourth, the second end to the seventh commutator lamella 11.
  • a first partial coil 25 'of a third partial coil pair 25 “, 26” also lies in the first and fourth armature groove 24, the second partial coil 26' of the third partial coil pair 25 “, 26” also lies in the eighth and fifth armature groove 24.
  • the two ends are in turn connected in each case to the third commutator plate 11, wherein the first end of the third partial coil pair 25 ", 26" is here connected to the fifth, the second end to the eighth commutator plate 11.
  • the other Ankernuten 24 each with three first coil sections 25, 25 ', 25 "or second coil sections 26, 26', 26" three coil pairs 25, 26, 25 ', 26' and 25 ", 26” occupied, wherein the both ends of a partial coil pair 25, 26, 25 ', 26' or 25 ", 26" with each of the next but one Kommutatorlamelle 11 (eg the third and sixth, the fourth and seventh, and the fifth and eighth) is connected.
  • Kommutatorlamelle 11 eg the third and sixth, the fourth and seventh, and the fifth and eighth

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine électrique comprenant un induit (20) avec des encoches (24) d'induit servant à recevoir les bobines d'induit ainsi qu'un commutateur (10) avec des lamelles (11) de commutateur, au moins une bobine d'induit étant constituée de deux bobines partielles (25, 26) qui sont disposées symétriquement par rapport à l'axe de rotation (21) de l'induit (20). La machine électrique est caractérisée en ce que le nombre de lamelles (11) du commutateur est un multiple en nombres entiers du nombre d'encoches (24) de l'induit.
EP07703912A 2006-03-14 2007-01-16 Machine électrique Withdrawn EP1997212A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006011601A DE102006011601A1 (de) 2006-03-14 2006-03-14 Elektrische Maschine
PCT/EP2007/050397 WO2007104589A1 (fr) 2006-03-14 2007-01-16 Machine électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1997212A1 true EP1997212A1 (fr) 2008-12-03

Family

ID=37896028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07703912A Withdrawn EP1997212A1 (fr) 2006-03-14 2007-01-16 Machine électrique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20090236928A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1997212A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009529853A (fr)
KR (1) KR20080108458A (fr)
CN (1) CN101401281A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0708892A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006011601A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007104589A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101409490B (zh) * 2007-10-08 2013-08-14 德昌电机股份有限公司 电动机
JP5311109B2 (ja) * 2008-09-12 2013-10-09 日立工機株式会社 永久磁石整流子モータおよびそれを用いた電動工具
DE102008042156A1 (de) * 2008-09-17 2010-03-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sechspolige Gleichstrommaschine
US9425663B2 (en) 2012-08-17 2016-08-23 Black & Decker Inc. Distributed winding arrangement for an electric motor
CN106856359A (zh) * 2015-12-09 2017-06-16 上海日立电器有限公司 一种分布绕线电机
CN106787574A (zh) * 2017-02-26 2017-05-31 深圳市汤普森科技有限公司 一种采用双换向器单芯片组双独立绕组的电机转子

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3733506A (en) * 1971-10-29 1973-05-15 Singer Co Commutated wound armature assemblies
US6566782B1 (en) * 2000-06-14 2003-05-20 Black & Decker Inc. Motor armature having distributed windings for reducing arcing
US7274126B2 (en) * 2000-06-14 2007-09-25 Black & Decker Inc. Motor armature having distributed windings for reducing arcing
AU2002212732A1 (en) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-21 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Motor with brush and commutator, and electric apparatus using the same motor
JP4057266B2 (ja) * 2001-09-18 2008-03-05 ブラック アンド デッカー インク 電気モータ及びその巻線方法
JP3954504B2 (ja) * 2003-01-23 2007-08-08 アスモ株式会社 モータ
WO2005036724A1 (fr) * 2003-10-08 2005-04-21 Mitsuba Corporation Induit dans une machine electrique tournante et procede de fabrication
US7557484B2 (en) * 2004-02-10 2009-07-07 Mitsuba Corporation Electric motor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2007104589A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0708892A2 (pt) 2011-06-28
WO2007104589A1 (fr) 2007-09-20
KR20080108458A (ko) 2008-12-15
CN101401281A (zh) 2009-04-01
DE102006011601A1 (de) 2007-09-20
US20090236928A1 (en) 2009-09-24
JP2009529853A (ja) 2009-08-20

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