EP1991916A1 - Micromechanical piece with form opening for assembly on a spindle - Google Patents

Micromechanical piece with form opening for assembly on a spindle

Info

Publication number
EP1991916A1
EP1991916A1 EP07704705A EP07704705A EP1991916A1 EP 1991916 A1 EP1991916 A1 EP 1991916A1 EP 07704705 A EP07704705 A EP 07704705A EP 07704705 A EP07704705 A EP 07704705A EP 1991916 A1 EP1991916 A1 EP 1991916A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
axis
micro
stiffening
zones
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07704705A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1991916B1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric Vaucher
Raymond Gabus
Marco Verardo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nivarox Far SA
Nivarox SA
Original Assignee
Nivarox Far SA
Nivarox SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nivarox Far SA, Nivarox SA filed Critical Nivarox Far SA
Priority to EP07704705A priority Critical patent/EP1991916B1/en
Publication of EP1991916A1 publication Critical patent/EP1991916A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1991916B1 publication Critical patent/EP1991916B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G04B13/022—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft with parts made of hard material, e.g. silicon, diamond, sapphire, quartz and the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49462—Gear making
    • Y10T29/49465—Gear mounting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a micro-mechanical part comprising a shaped opening intended to facilitate assembly on an axis for a moving part, or on a stud for a fixed part, and to limit or eliminate the risk of breaking the part during the driving on the axis or the stud, especially when said part is made of a brittle material.
  • the driving technique is very widely used, for example for securing a wheel on a shaft.
  • material constituting the part has a plastic domain, which is the case of metals and alloys, it is known to calculate the tolerances necessary for the shaft and the bore so as to have a tight fit without risk of breaking the part, or of to deform it.
  • plastic field which is the case of glass, quartz or silicon, there is a great risk of breaking the workpiece during assembly.
  • the present invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the aforementioned prior art by providing a micromechanical part, in particular watchmaker, made of a brittle material which can be assembled by driving on an axis or a stud without risk of rupture.
  • the invention relates to a micro-mechanical part made from a plate of a brittle material having an opening for driving an axis or a stud.
  • brittle material is meant a material having no plastic deformation domain, such as glass, quartz or silicon.
  • the invention is characterized in that the opening is a "shape opening", that is to say an opening that does not have a perfectly circular contour, said opening alternately comprising zones of stiffening and positioning and zones with elastic deformation ensuring the tightening of the axis.
  • the zones with elastic deformation consist of plate portions having on both sides a recess joining the opening and the end of which penetrates into said opening. These plate portions are in the form of a tongue that presses tangentially on the axis during the driving.
  • the stiffening and positioning zones and the tongues are arranged alternately about the axis, each tongue being separated from the adjacent stiffening zones by a recess, and the stiffening and positioning zones are distributed in a substantially regular manner around the opening.
  • each stiffening and positioning zone having at least one bearing surface intended to be in contact with the axis, the bearing surfaces are distributed substantially uniformly around the opening to ensure the centering of the axis in the opening; each stiffening and positioning zone constitutes a span which is delimited by the two recesses flanking said stiffening and positioning zone;
  • each tab generally describes a determined profile curve, and the two adjacent recesses are constituted by two generally elongated slots of the same profile as the curve of said tongue;
  • the brittle material is chosen from glass, quartz and silicon.
  • the invention also proposes an arrangement for immobilizing a micro-mechanical part comprising an opening by driving on a support block comprising a positioning stud.
  • the micro-mechanical part is made with any of the preceding features.
  • the invention also proposes an arrangement for fixing by driving a moving micro-mechanical part in rotation, continuous or alternative, on a shaft.
  • the micro-mechanical part is made with any one of the preceding claims. According to variants of this arrangement:
  • the micro-mechanical part is a part of a watch movement selected from an escape wheel, a star, a toothed wheel, a ferrule, a lever and an anchor;
  • the axis and the opening also have outlines providing an anti-rotation effect;
  • the contour of the axis and the opening is oblong or triangular;
  • the zones in contact with the axis and the opening are provided with roughness or grooves
  • the micro-mechanical part comprises at least one welding point or an adhesive point fixing the micro-mechanical part on the axis.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the first embodiment applied to an escape wheel
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of a second embodiment applied to a star
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of a third embodiment applied to a gear wheel
  • Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 which shows a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 represents in perspective a portion of plate 1 to be secured to a support block 1 1 by means of a cylindrical stud 3 passing through an opening 2 formed in said plate 1.
  • the plate 1 is constituted by a brittle material, c ' that is to say a material having no plastic domain in the normal temperatures of use, such as glass, quartz or silicon.
  • the plate 1 may simply be a construction element, for example a plate, a bridge or a dial of a timepiece. It can also have a functional role by supporting a printed circuit or MEMs to be secured to the block 1 1.
  • the opening 2 is a shaped opening shown in view of on a larger scale in Figure 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, a silicon escapement wheel mounted on a cylindrical shaft intended to be pivoted between two bearings.
  • the contour of the opening 2 does not follow the circular contour of the shaft 5 by alternately presenting stiffening and positioning zones 8 and zones 10 with elastic deformation.
  • the zones 8 of stiffening and the zones 10 with elastic deformation extend in the plane of the plate 1, as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2, since they define the shape of the opening 2.
  • the zones 10 with elastic deformation are provided to deform in the plane of the plate 1.
  • the stiffening zones 8 serve to center the escape wheel with respect to the shaft 5.
  • the stiffening zones 8 are distributed angularly in a regular manner around the opening 2.
  • the zones with elastic deformation 10 are obtained by producing in the wafer 1 recesses 13, 15 opening into the central opening and delimiting in this example a tongue 12 whose end 14 extends beyond the theoretical contour of the shaft 5 and thus ensures a clamping function when the shaft 5 in place by driving.
  • each tongue 12 is separated from the adjacent stiffening zones 8 by a recess 13, 15, so that each tongue 12 is connected to the wafer 1 in a zone distinct from the stiffening zones 8.
  • the tabs 12 are distributed angularly in a regular manner around the shaft 5, between the zones 8 of stiffening.
  • the opening 2 thus has alternately, on its periphery, a stiffening zone 8 and a tongue 12.
  • each tongue 12 generally describes a determined profile curve, here an arcuate curve.
  • the two adjacent recesses 13, 15 are constituted by two generally elongated slots of the same profile as the curve of said tongue 12.
  • FIG. 5 represents a preferred embodiment of the invention similar to that of FIG. 2, in which the zones 8 of stiffening are represented such that they are in reality, that is to say without exaggerating the space 9 between said zones 8 and the shaft 5.
  • each stiffening zone 8 comprises at least one bearing surface 16 intended to be in contact with the cylindrical wall of the shaft 5. These bearing surfaces 16 are distributed in a regular manner around of the opening 2 to ensure the centering of the shaft 5 in the opening 2. More particularly, each zone 8 of stiffening constitutes a bearing surface 16 which is delimited by the two recesses 13, 15 surrounding said zone 8.
  • Each zone 8 The stiffening element therefore has an arcuate profile which generally follows the radius of curvature of the cylindrical wall of the shaft 5.
  • the bearing surfaces 16 allow precise positioning of the wheel relative to the shaft 5.
  • the tongues 12 ensure the fo radial clamping function, the catch-up function of the manufacturing sets at the opening, and they guarantee the centering of the shaft 5 in the opening 2.
  • the number of zones 8 of stiffening and the number of 12 tabs could be more important than the one shown.
  • Figure 3 corresponds to a second embodiment showing a timer star having in its center a shape of opening 4 providing an anti-rotation effect.
  • the end 7 of the shaft 5 is machined with a non-circular contour in the shape of a triangle with rounded corners.
  • the shape opening 4 follows this contour, but having, as in the first embodiment, a succession zones 8 for stiffening and positioning and areas 10 for elastic deformation.
  • FIG. 4 corresponds to a third embodiment in which the part, for example made of silicon, is a toothed wheel having at its center a shaped opening 6 having as before an "anti-rotation" function.
  • the shape opening 7 is oblong.
  • Glue or solder completes fastening by elastic tongues.
  • the fastening by the tongues constitutes an intermediate fixing step guaranteeing a precise centering of the axis in the opening, with a recovery of the clearances, and the step of bonding or welding constitutes a final fixing step.

Abstract

The part has an opening (2) alternatively forming zones (8) for rigidification and positioning elastic deformation zones (10). The zones (10) are formed by a tab (12) of the part. The tab is formed of recesses (13, 15) opening into the opening and delimiting the tab whose end (14) extends above a theoretical contour of a cylindrical shaft (5) and provides a locking function when the shaft is placed. The part is made of a frangible material that is chosen among glass, silicon and quartz.

Description

Pièce de micro-mécan ique avec ouvertu re de forme pou r assem blage su r u n axe Micro-mechanic part with opening of form for assembly on axis
Domaine techniqueTechnical area
La présente invention concerne une pièce de micro-mécanique comportant une ouverture de forme destinée à faciliter l'assemblage sur un axe pour une pièce mobile, ou sur un plot pour une pièce fixe, et limiter voire éliminer le risque de briser la pièce lors du chassage sur l'axe ou le plot, notamment lorsque ladite pièce est réalisée en un matériau cassant.The present invention relates to a micro-mechanical part comprising a shaped opening intended to facilitate assembly on an axis for a moving part, or on a stud for a fixed part, and to limit or eliminate the risk of breaking the part during the driving on the axis or the stud, especially when said part is made of a brittle material.
Arrière plan technologiqueTechnological background
Dans le domaine de la micro-mécanique, qui sera par la suite plus particulièrement illustré par le domaine horloger, la technique de chassage est très largement utilisée, par exemple pour assujettir une roue sur un arbre. Lorsque matériau constituant la pièce possède un domaine plastique, ce qui est le cas des métaux et alliages, on sait calculer les tolérances nécessaires pour l'arbre et l'alésage de façon à avoir un ajustement serré sans risque de briser la pièce, ou de la déformer. Lorsque le matériau ne possède pas, ou très peu, de domaine plastique, ce qui est le cas du verre, du quartz ou du silicium, le risque est grand de briser la pièce au montage.In the field of micro-mechanics, which will subsequently be more particularly illustrated by the watchmaking field, the driving technique is very widely used, for example for securing a wheel on a shaft. When material constituting the part has a plastic domain, which is the case of metals and alloys, it is known to calculate the tolerances necessary for the shaft and the bore so as to have a tight fit without risk of breaking the part, or of to deform it. When the material does not have, or very little, plastic field, which is the case of glass, quartz or silicon, there is a great risk of breaking the workpiece during assembly.
Or ces matériaux sont de plus en plus utilisés en horlogerie en raison notamment de leur insensibilité aux champs magnétiques, de leur très faible coefficient d'expansion thermique, et de leur densité bien inférieure à celle des métaux ou alliages. De plus les technologies modernes d'usinage permettent de réaliser des formes complexes avec une grande précision.However, these materials are increasingly used in watchmaking due in particular to their insensitivity to magnetic fields, their very low coefficient of thermal expansion, and their density much lower than that of metals or alloys. In addition, modern machining technologies enable complex shapes to be produced with great precision.
Si on effectue un ajustement gras pour éviter des contraintes dans le matériau cassant, on a alors un risque de déchassage ou de non entraînement d'un organe mobile par l'arbre. Pour pallier à cet inconvénient on pourrait utiliser la technique de collage longtemps utilisée pour fixer un spiral sur une virole, comme décrit par exemple dans le brevet FR 1 447 142. Le brevet US 3 906 714 décrit un mode de réalisation dans lequel le point de colle permet à la fois de fixer le spiral à une bague formant virole et ladite bague à l'axe de balancier.If a greasy adjustment is made to avoid stresses in the brittle material, then there is a risk of disengagement or non-driving of a movable member by the shaft. To overcome this drawback, it would be possible to use the bonding technique long used to fix a hairspring on a ferrule, as described, for example, in patent FR 1 447 142. US Pat. No. 3,906,714 describes an embodiment in which the glue allows both to fix the hairspring to a ferrule ring and said ring to the balance shaft.
L'usage d'une colle a toutefois l'inconvénient de nécessiter des étapes supplémentaires d'usinage pour prévoir des logements pour la colle, et des tâches supplémentaires au moment de l'assemblage. En outre les phénomènes de vieillissement peuvent entraîner un certain jeu avec le temps. Dans le document EP 1 331 528, qui est relatif à une ancre de mécanisme d'échappement pour un mouvement horloger, pour éviter les risques de rupture lors du montage de la partie mâle d'un dard dans l'ouverture de forme aménagée dans une fourchette, il est envisagé de munir l'ouverture de languettes élastiques. Par ailleurs, dans certains modes de réalisation comme celui représenté sur la figure 30 du document, les zones rigides de l'ouverture comportent des surfaces de portée qui permettent de positionner le dard par rapport à la fourchette selon une orientation prédéfinie.The use of an adhesive, however, has the disadvantage of requiring additional machining steps to provide housing for the glue, and additional tasks at the time of assembly. In addition aging phenomena can cause a certain game over time. In the document EP 1 331 528, which relates to an escape mechanism anchor for a clockwork movement, to avoid the risk of rupture when mounting the male part of a stinger in the shaped opening in a fork, it is envisaged to provide the opening of elastic tongues. Moreover, in certain embodiments such as that shown in FIG. 30 of the document, the rigid zones of the opening have bearing surfaces that make it possible to position the stinger relative to the fork in a predefined orientation.
Les solutions envisagées dans ce document ne sont pas complètement satisfaisantes car elles ne permettent pas un centrage précis de la partie mâle dans l'ouverture.The solutions envisaged in this document are not completely satisfactory because they do not allow precise centering of the male part in the opening.
Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention
La présente invention vise donc à pallier les inconvénients de l'art antérieur précité en procurant une pièce de micromécanique, en particulier horlogère, réalisée en un matériau cassant qui peut être assemblée par chassage sur un axe ou un plot sans risque de rupture.The present invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the aforementioned prior art by providing a micromechanical part, in particular watchmaker, made of a brittle material which can be assembled by driving on an axis or a stud without risk of rupture.
A cet effet l'invention a pour objet une pièce de micro-mécanique réalisée à partir d'une plaque en un matériau cassant comportant une ouverture destinée au chassage d'un axe ou d'un plot. Par matériau "cassant" on entend un matériau n'ayant pas de domaine de déformation plastique, tel que le verre, le quartz ou le silicium.For this purpose the invention relates to a micro-mechanical part made from a plate of a brittle material having an opening for driving an axis or a stud. By "brittle" material is meant a material having no plastic deformation domain, such as glass, quartz or silicon.
L'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture est une "ouverture de forme", c'est à dire une ouverture n'ayant pas un contour parfaitement circulaire, ladite ouverture comportant alternativement des zones de rigidification et de positionnement et des zones à déformation élastique assurant le serrage de l'axe.The invention is characterized in that the opening is a "shape opening", that is to say an opening that does not have a perfectly circular contour, said opening alternately comprising zones of stiffening and positioning and zones with elastic deformation ensuring the tightening of the axis.
Les zones à déformation élastique sont constituées des portions de plaque ayant de part et d'autre un évidemment rejoignant l'ouverture et dont l'extrémité pénètre dans ladite ouverture. Ces portions de plaque ont la forme d'une languette venant appuyer tangentiellement sur l'axe lors du chassage. Les zones de rigidification et de positionnement et les languettes sont agencées alternativement autour de l'axe, chaque languette étant séparée des zones de rigidification adjacentes par un évidement, et les zones de rigidification et de positionnement sont réparties de manière sensiblement régulière autour de l'ouverture.The zones with elastic deformation consist of plate portions having on both sides a recess joining the opening and the end of which penetrates into said opening. These plate portions are in the form of a tongue that presses tangentially on the axis during the driving. The stiffening and positioning zones and the tongues are arranged alternately about the axis, each tongue being separated from the adjacent stiffening zones by a recess, and the stiffening and positioning zones are distributed in a substantially regular manner around the opening.
Selon d'autres aspects de l'invention : - chaque zone de rigidification et de positionnement comportant au moins une portée prévue pour être en contact avec l'axe, les portées sont réparties de manière sensiblement régulière autour de l'ouverture pour assurer le centrage de l'axe dans l'ouverture; - chaque zone de rigidification et de positionnement constitue une portée qui est délimitée par les deux évidements encadrant ladite zone de rigidification et de positionnement;According to other aspects of the invention: - Each stiffening and positioning zone having at least one bearing surface intended to be in contact with the axis, the bearing surfaces are distributed substantially uniformly around the opening to ensure the centering of the axis in the opening; each stiffening and positioning zone constitutes a span which is delimited by the two recesses flanking said stiffening and positioning zone;
- chaque languette décrit globalement une courbe de profil déterminé, et les deux évidements adjacents sont constitués par deux fentes allongées globalement de même profil que la courbe de ladite languette;each tab generally describes a determined profile curve, and the two adjacent recesses are constituted by two generally elongated slots of the same profile as the curve of said tongue;
- le matériau cassant est choisi parmi le verre, le quartz et le silicium. L'invention propose aussi un agencement pour l'immobilisation d'une pièce de micro-mécanique comportant une ouverture par chassage sur un bloc support comportant un plot de positionnement. La pièce de micro-mécanique est réalisée avec l'une quelconque des caractéristiques précédentes.the brittle material is chosen from glass, quartz and silicon. The invention also proposes an arrangement for immobilizing a micro-mechanical part comprising an opening by driving on a support block comprising a positioning stud. The micro-mechanical part is made with any of the preceding features.
L'invention propose encore un agencement pour la fixation par chassage d'une pièce de micro-mécanique mobile en rotation, continue ou alternative, sur un arbre. La pièce de micro-mécanique est réalisée avec l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. Selon des variantes de cet agencement:The invention also proposes an arrangement for fixing by driving a moving micro-mechanical part in rotation, continuous or alternative, on a shaft. The micro-mechanical part is made with any one of the preceding claims. According to variants of this arrangement:
- la pièce de micro-mécanique constitue une pièce d'un mouvement horloger choisie parmi une roue d'échappement, une étoile, une roue dentée, une virole, un levier et une ancre;- The micro-mechanical part is a part of a watch movement selected from an escape wheel, a star, a toothed wheel, a ferrule, a lever and an anchor;
- l'axe et l'ouverture ont en outre des contours procurant un effet anti-rotation; - le contour de l'axe et de l'ouverture est de forme oblongue ou triangulaire;the axis and the opening also have outlines providing an anti-rotation effect; - The contour of the axis and the opening is oblong or triangular;
- les zones en contact de l'axe et de l'ouverture sont pourvues de rugosité ou de cannelures;the zones in contact with the axis and the opening are provided with roughness or grooves;
- la pièce de micro-mécanique comporte au moins un point de soudure ou un point de colle fixant la pièce de micro-mécanique sur l'axe.the micro-mechanical part comprises at least one welding point or an adhesive point fixing the micro-mechanical part on the axis.
Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description suivante de divers modes de réalisation, donnés à titre illustratif et non limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels: - la figure 1 est une représentation en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un assemblage selon l'invention; - A -Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear in the following description of various embodiments, given by way of illustration and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a perspective representation of a first embodiment embodiment of an assembly according to the invention; - AT -
Ia figure 2 est une vue de dessus du premier mode de réalisation appliqué à une roue d'échappement; la figure 3 est une vue de dessus, d'un deuxième mode de réalisation appliqué à une étoile, et - la figure 4 est une vue de dessus d'un troisième mode de réalisation appliqué à une roue dentée; la figure 5 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 2 qui représente un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.Figure 2 is a top view of the first embodiment applied to an escape wheel; Fig. 3 is a top view of a second embodiment applied to a star; and Fig. 4 is a top view of a third embodiment applied to a gear wheel; Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 which shows a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Description détaillées de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention
On se réfère aux figures 1 et 2 pour décrire un premier mode de réalisation. La figure 1 représente en perspective une portion de plaque 1 devant être assujettie à un bloc support 1 1 au moyen d'un plot cylindrique 3 traversant une ouverture 2 formée dans ladite plaque 1. La plaque 1 est constituée par un matériau cassant, c'est à dire un matériau n'ayant pas de domaine plastique dans les températures normales d'utilisation, tel que le verre, le quartz ou le silicium. La plaque 1 peut constituer simplement un élément de construction, par exemple une platine, un pont ou un cadran d'une pièce d'horlogerie. Elle peut également avoir un rôle fonctionnel en supportant un circuit imprimé ou un MEMs devant être assujetti au bloc 1 1. Pour éviter de casser la pièce lors de l'assemblage par chassage, l'ouverture 2 est une ouverture de forme représentée en vue de dessus à plus grande échelle à la figure 2.Reference is made to FIGS. 1 and 2 to describe a first embodiment. FIG. 1 represents in perspective a portion of plate 1 to be secured to a support block 1 1 by means of a cylindrical stud 3 passing through an opening 2 formed in said plate 1. The plate 1 is constituted by a brittle material, c ' that is to say a material having no plastic domain in the normal temperatures of use, such as glass, quartz or silicon. The plate 1 may simply be a construction element, for example a plate, a bridge or a dial of a timepiece. It can also have a functional role by supporting a printed circuit or MEMs to be secured to the block 1 1. To avoid breaking the workpiece during assembly by driving, the opening 2 is a shaped opening shown in view of on a larger scale in Figure 2.
La figure 2 représente à titre d'exemple une roue d'échappement en silicium montée sur un arbre 5 cylindrique destiné à être pivoté entre deux paliers. Comme on peut le voir, le contour de l'ouverture 2 ne suit pas le contour circulaire de l'arbre 5 en présentant en alternance des zones 8 de rigidification et de positionnement et des zones 10 à déformation élastique. On note que les zones 8 de rigidification et les zones 10 à déformation élastique s'étendent dans le plan de la plaque 1 , comme représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, puisqu'elles définissent la forme de l'ouverture 2. Les zones 10 à déformation élastique sont prévues pour se déformer dans le plan de la plaque 1.FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, a silicon escapement wheel mounted on a cylindrical shaft intended to be pivoted between two bearings. As can be seen, the contour of the opening 2 does not follow the circular contour of the shaft 5 by alternately presenting stiffening and positioning zones 8 and zones 10 with elastic deformation. It is noted that the zones 8 of stiffening and the zones 10 with elastic deformation extend in the plane of the plate 1, as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2, since they define the shape of the opening 2. The zones 10 with elastic deformation are provided to deform in the plane of the plate 1.
Pour montrer que les zones de rigidification 8 n'exercent aucune fonction de serrage sur l'arbre 5, l'espace 9 entre lesdites zones 8 et l'arbre 5 a fortement été exagéré. Les zones 8 de rigidification servent au centrage de la roue d'échappement par rapport à l'arbre 5. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2, les zones 8 de rigidification sont réparties angulairement de manière régulière autour de l'ouverture 2. Il y a ici trois zones 8 de rigidification. Les zones à déformation élastique 10 sont obtenues en réalisant dans la plaquette 1 des évidements 13, 15 débouchant dans l'ouverture centrale et délimitant dans cet exemple une languette 12 dont l'extrémité 14 s'étend au-delà du contour théorique de l'arbre 5 et permet d'assurer ainsi une fonction de serrage lorsqu'on met l'arbre 5 en place par chassage. Sur la figure 2, on constate que chaque languette 12 est séparée des zones 8 de rigidification adjacentes par un évidement 13, 15, de sorte que chaque languette 12 est reliée à la plaquette 1 dans une zone distincte des zones 8 de rigidification. Comme représenté sur la figure 2, les languettes 12 sont réparties angulairement de manière régulière autour de l'arbre 5, entre les zones 8 de rigidification. L'ouverture 2 comporte donc alternativement, sur son pourtour, une zone 8 de rigidification et une languette 12. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2, chaque languette 12 décrit globalement une courbe de profil déterminé, ici une courbe en arc de cercle. De plus, les deux évidements 13, 15 adjacents sont constitués par deux fentes allongées globalement de même profil que la courbe de ladite languette 12.To show that the stiffening zones 8 exert no clamping function on the shaft 5, the space 9 between said zones 8 and the shaft 5 has been greatly exaggerated. The stiffening zones 8 serve to center the escape wheel with respect to the shaft 5. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the stiffening zones 8 are distributed angularly in a regular manner around the opening 2. There are three zones 8 of stiffening here. The zones with elastic deformation 10 are obtained by producing in the wafer 1 recesses 13, 15 opening into the central opening and delimiting in this example a tongue 12 whose end 14 extends beyond the theoretical contour of the shaft 5 and thus ensures a clamping function when the shaft 5 in place by driving. In FIG. 2, it can be seen that each tongue 12 is separated from the adjacent stiffening zones 8 by a recess 13, 15, so that each tongue 12 is connected to the wafer 1 in a zone distinct from the stiffening zones 8. As shown in Figure 2, the tabs 12 are distributed angularly in a regular manner around the shaft 5, between the zones 8 of stiffening. The opening 2 thus has alternately, on its periphery, a stiffening zone 8 and a tongue 12. As can be seen in FIG. 2, each tongue 12 generally describes a determined profile curve, here an arcuate curve. . In addition, the two adjacent recesses 13, 15 are constituted by two generally elongated slots of the same profile as the curve of said tongue 12.
La figure 5 représente un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention similaire à celui de la figure 2, dans lequel on a représenté les zones 8 de rigidification telles qu'elles sont en réalité, c'est-à-dire sans exagérer l'espace 9 entre lesdites zones 8 et l'arbre 5. On constate que chaque zone 8 de rigidification comporte au moins une portée 16 prévue pour être en contact avec la paroi cylindrique de l'arbre 5. Ces portées 16 sont réparties de manière régulière autour de l'ouverture 2 pour assurer le centrage de l'arbre 5 dans l'ouverture 2. Plus particulièrement, chaque zone 8 de rigidification constitue une portée 16 qui est délimitée par les deux évidements 13, 15 encadrant ladite zone 8. Chaque zone 8 de rigidification a donc ici un profil en arc de cercle qui suit globalement le rayon de courbure de la paroi cylindrique de l'arbre 5. Les portées 16 permettent un positionnement précis de la roue par rapport à l'arbre 5. Les languettes 12 assurent la fonction de serrage radial, la fonction de rattrapage des jeux de fabrication au niveau de l'ouverture, et elles garantissent le centrage de l'arbre 5 dans l'ouverture 2. Bien entendu, le nombre de zones 8 de rigidification et le nombre de languettes 12 pourrait être plus important que celui qui est représenté.FIG. 5 represents a preferred embodiment of the invention similar to that of FIG. 2, in which the zones 8 of stiffening are represented such that they are in reality, that is to say without exaggerating the space 9 between said zones 8 and the shaft 5. It can be seen that each stiffening zone 8 comprises at least one bearing surface 16 intended to be in contact with the cylindrical wall of the shaft 5. These bearing surfaces 16 are distributed in a regular manner around of the opening 2 to ensure the centering of the shaft 5 in the opening 2. More particularly, each zone 8 of stiffening constitutes a bearing surface 16 which is delimited by the two recesses 13, 15 surrounding said zone 8. Each zone 8 The stiffening element therefore has an arcuate profile which generally follows the radius of curvature of the cylindrical wall of the shaft 5. The bearing surfaces 16 allow precise positioning of the wheel relative to the shaft 5. The tongues 12 ensure the fo radial clamping function, the catch-up function of the manufacturing sets at the opening, and they guarantee the centering of the shaft 5 in the opening 2. Of course, the number of zones 8 of stiffening and the number of 12 tabs could be more important than the one shown.
La figure 3 correspond à un deuxième mode de réalisation représentant une étoile de minuterie comportant en son centre une ouverture de forme 4 procurant un effet anti-rotation. En effet, l'extrémité 7 de l'arbre 5 est usinée avec un contour non circulaire en forme de triangle à angles arrondis. L'ouverture de forme 4 suit ce contour, mais en ayant, comme dans le premier mode de réalisation, une succession de zones 8 de rigidification et de positionnement et des zones 10 à déformation élastique.Figure 3 corresponds to a second embodiment showing a timer star having in its center a shape of opening 4 providing an anti-rotation effect. Indeed, the end 7 of the shaft 5 is machined with a non-circular contour in the shape of a triangle with rounded corners. The shape opening 4 follows this contour, but having, as in the first embodiment, a succession zones 8 for stiffening and positioning and areas 10 for elastic deformation.
La figure 4 correspond à un troisième mode de réalisation dans laquelle la pièce, par exemple en silicium, est une roue dentée ayant en son centre une ouverture de forme 6 ayant comme précédemment une fonction "anti-rotation". Dans cet exemple l'ouverture de forme 7 est oblongue.FIG. 4 corresponds to a third embodiment in which the part, for example made of silicon, is a toothed wheel having at its center a shaped opening 6 having as before an "anti-rotation" function. In this example, the shape opening 7 is oblong.
Il est bien évidemment possible d'imaginer n'importe quel autre contour non circulaire permettant de procurer un effet anti-rotation, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention. II est en outre possible, dans l'un quelconque des modes de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit de pourvoir les extrémités 14 des zones de déformation élastique 10 et l'arbre 5 de rugosités, par exemple de cannelures, pour réduire encore le risque de rotation de la pièce sur l'arbre.It is of course possible to imagine any other non-circular contour to provide an anti-rotation effect, without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is furthermore possible, in any of the embodiments which has just been described, to provide the ends 14 of the zones of elastic deformation 10 and the shaft 5 with roughnesses, for example grooves, to further reduce the risk. rotation of the workpiece on the tree.
Les exemples donnés dans la description qui précède concernent des pièces en rotation continue, mais il est bien évident que l'homme de métier peut adapter le même principe à des pièces ayant un mouvement alternatif, telles qu'un levier, une bascule, une virole, une ancre ou une roue d'échappement.The examples given in the foregoing description concern parts in continuous rotation, but it is quite obvious that the person skilled in the art can adapt the same principle to parts having reciprocating movement, such as a lever, a rocker, a ferrule , an anchor or an escape wheel.
En fonction de l'application à laquelle est destinée la pièce de micromécanique, il est possible de finaliser l'assemblage de la pièce sur son axe avec une étape de collage ou de soudage qui permet d'assurer une fixation plus rigide si cela est nécessaire. La colle ou la soudure complète la fixation par les languettes élastiques. Dans ce cas, la fixation par les languettes constitue une étape de fixation intermédiaire garantissant un centrage précis de l'axe dans l'ouverture, avec un rattrapage des jeux, et l'étape de collage ou de soudage constitue une étape de fixation finale. Depending on the application for which the micromechanical part is intended, it is possible to finalize the assembly of the part on its axis with a gluing or welding step which makes it possible to provide a more rigid fixation if necessary. . Glue or solder completes fastening by elastic tongues. In this case, the fastening by the tongues constitutes an intermediate fixing step guaranteeing a precise centering of the axis in the opening, with a recovery of the clearances, and the step of bonding or welding constitutes a final fixing step.

Claims

REVEN DICATIONS REVEN DICATIONS
1. Pièce de micro-mécanique réalisée à partir d'une plaque (1 ) en un matériau cassant comportant au moins une ouverture destinée au chassage d'un axe (3, 5), dans laquelle l'ouverture est une ouverture de forme (2, 4, 6) comportant des zones (8) de rigidification et de positionnement et des zones (10) à déformation élastique assurant le serrage de l'axe (3, 5), dans laquelle chaque zone à déformation élastique (10) est constituée par une portion (12) de plaque (1 ) ayant de part et d'autre un évidement (13, 15) rejoignant l'ouverture et ayant la forme d'une languette dont l'extrémité (14) débouche tangentiellement dans l'ouverture (14), caractérisée en ce que les zones (8) de rigidification et de positionnement et les languettes sont agencées alternativement autour de l'axe, chaque languette étant séparée des zones (8) de rigidification adjacentes par un évidement (13, 15), et en ce que les zones (8) de rigidification et de positionnement sont réparties de manière sensiblement régulière autour de l'ouverture (2, 4, 6). Micromechanical part made from a plate (1) made of a brittle material having at least one aperture for driving an axis (3, 5), in which the opening is a shape opening ( 2, 4, 6) having stiffening and positioning zones (8) and elastically deformable zones (10) for clamping the axis (3, 5), in which each zone with elastic deformation (10) is formed by a portion (12) of plate (1) having on either side a recess (13, 15) joining the opening and having the shape of a tongue whose end (14) opens tangentially in the opening (14), characterized in that the stiffening and positioning zones (8) and the tongues are arranged alternately about the axis, each tongue being separated from the adjacent stiffening zones (8) by a recess (13, 15). ), and in that the zones (8) of stiffening and positioning are distributed from my substantially regular around the opening (2, 4, 6).
2. Pièce de micro-mécanique selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle chaque zone (8) de rigidification et de positionnement comporte au moins une portée (16) prévue pour être en contact avec l'axe (3, 5), caractérisée en ce que les portées (16) sont réparties de manière sensiblement régulière autour de l'ouverture (2, 4, 6) pour assurer le centrage de l'axe (3, 5) dans l'ouverture (2, 4, 6). 2. Micro-mechanical part according to claim 1, wherein each zone (8) of stiffening and positioning comprises at least one bearing surface (16) intended to be in contact with the axis (3, 5), characterized in that that the bearings (16) are distributed substantially uniformly around the opening (2, 4, 6) to ensure the centering of the axis (3, 5) in the opening (2, 4, 6).
3. Pièce de micro-mécanique selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que chaque zone (8) de rigidification et de positionnement constitue une portée (16) qui est délimitée par les deux évidements (13, 15) encadrant ladite zone (8) de rigidification et de positionnement.3. micromechanical part according to claim 2, characterized in that each zone (8) of stiffening and positioning constitutes a bearing surface (16) which is delimited by the two recesses (13, 15) flanking said zone (8). stiffening and positioning.
4. Pièce de micro-mécanique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chaque languette (12) décrit globalement une courbe de profil déterminé, et en ce que les deux évidements (13, 15) adjacents sont constitués par deux fentes allongées globalement de même profil que la courbe de ladite languette (12).4. Micro-mechanical part according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each tongue (12) generally describes a determined profile curve, and in that the two recesses (13, 15) adjacent are constituted by two generally elongated slots of the same profile as the curve of said tongue (12).
5. Pièce de micro-mécanique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau cassant est choisi parmi le verre, le quartz et le silicium.5. Micro-mechanical part according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brittle material is selected from glass, quartz and silicon.
6. Agencement pour l'immobilisation d'une pièce de micro-mécanique comportant une ouverture par chassage sur un bloc support (1 1 ) comportant un plot (3) de positionnement, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de micro-mécanique est réalisée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 6. Arrangement for immobilizing a micro-mechanical part comprising an opening by driving on a support block (1 1) comprising a positioning stud (3), characterized in that the micro-mechanical part is produced according to any one of the preceding claims.
7. Agencement pour la fixation par chassage d'une pièce de micromécanique mobile en rotation, continue ou alternative, sur un axe (5), caractérisé en ce que la pièce de micro-mécanique est réalisée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 7. Arrangement for fixing by driving a micromechanical moving part in rotation, continuous or alternating, on an axis (5), characterized in that the micro-mechanical part is made according to any one of the preceding claims.
8. Agencement selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de micro-mécanique constitue une pièce d'un mouvement horloger choisie parmi une roue d'échappement, une étoile, une roue dentée, une virole, un levier et une ancre.8. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the micro-mechanical part is a part of a watch movement selected from an escape wheel, a star, a toothed wheel, a ferrule, a lever and an anchor.
9. Agencement selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'axe et l'ouverture ont en outre des contours procurant un effet anti-rotation. 9. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the axis and the opening further have contours providing an anti-rotation effect.
10. Agencement selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le contour de l'axe et de l'ouverture est de forme oblongue ou triangulaire.10. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the contour of the axis and the opening is oblong or triangular.
1 1. Agencement selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les zones en contact de l'axe et de l'ouverture sont pourvues de rugosités ou de cannelures.1. An arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the areas in contact with the axis and the opening are provided with roughnesses or grooves.
12. Agencement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 1 1 , caractérisé en ce que la pièce de micro-mécanique comporte au moins un point de soudure ou un point de colle fixant la pièce de micro-mécanique sur l'axe. 12. Arrangement according to any one of claims 6 to 1 1, characterized in that the micro-mechanical part comprises at least one weld point or a glue point fixing the micro-mechanical part on the axis.
EP07704705A 2006-02-28 2007-02-23 Micromechanical piece with form opening for assembly on a spindle Active EP1991916B1 (en)

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EP06004074A EP1826634A1 (en) 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 Micromechanical element provided with form-locking opening for axle assembly
EP07704705A EP1991916B1 (en) 2006-02-28 2007-02-23 Micromechanical piece with form opening for assembly on a spindle
PCT/EP2007/051775 WO2007099068A1 (en) 2006-02-28 2007-02-23 Micromechanical piece with form opening for assembly on a spindle

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EP1826634A1 (en) 2007-08-29
JP2009528524A (en) 2009-08-06
DE602007010593D1 (en) 2010-12-30
HK1132050A1 (en) 2010-02-12
KR20080111446A (en) 2008-12-23
TW200739291A (en) 2007-10-16
CN101390022A (en) 2009-03-18
WO2007099068A1 (en) 2007-09-07
US8206029B2 (en) 2012-06-26
US20090154303A1 (en) 2009-06-18
JP4894052B2 (en) 2012-03-07
ATE488788T1 (en) 2010-12-15
CN101390022B (en) 2011-02-02
TWI434155B (en) 2014-04-11
EP1991916B1 (en) 2010-11-17

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