EP1987209A1 - Auf mit beton verstärkten vollholzelementen basierende elmente/platten - Google Patents

Auf mit beton verstärkten vollholzelementen basierende elmente/platten

Info

Publication number
EP1987209A1
EP1987209A1 EP07709224A EP07709224A EP1987209A1 EP 1987209 A1 EP1987209 A1 EP 1987209A1 EP 07709224 A EP07709224 A EP 07709224A EP 07709224 A EP07709224 A EP 07709224A EP 1987209 A1 EP1987209 A1 EP 1987209A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
formed product
plate formed
construction element
binding agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07709224A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1987209A4 (de
Inventor
Haumann Sund
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Combino AS
Original Assignee
Combino AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Combino AS filed Critical Combino AS
Publication of EP1987209A1 publication Critical patent/EP1987209A1/de
Publication of EP1987209A4 publication Critical patent/EP1987209A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/122—Laminated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a construction element comprising a plate formed product of wooden material combined with a top layer of concrete, and a method to fabricate the construction element.
  • the construction element is primarily intended to be used as floor elements in buildings, without thereby being considered as a limitation of the invention.
  • the construction element can also be described as a composite slab or floor element.
  • Such a plate formed product of wooden material can be an element of solid wood consisting of cross laid layers of wood lamellas, or boards, which are joined by glue or by means of mechanical connections like nails, screws and wooden dowels.
  • the basic idea with the present invention is to combine a wooden element of the above mentioned kind with concrete in such a way that substantially complete static co-operation is achieved between the wooden element and the concrete in order to improve the strength properties.
  • the concrete will take up the compressive forces that appear within a slab which is supported along its edge only and is spanning over a field.
  • concrete has extremely high compressive strength.
  • the wooden element will take up the tensile stresses acting in the transversal cross section when the slab is subjected to bending strain.
  • Wooden material used in buildings and other constructions have precisely good tension properties. With that the positive properties of both materials are utilized in strength wise connexion.
  • a construction element of the introductory said kind which is distinguished in that the concrete layer has a thickness relative to the thickness of the prefabricated plate formed product of wooden material such that the neutral plane for the compressive/tensile stresses through the construction element at all times is located within the plate formed product of wooden material, and that a binding agent is present in the stratum between the panel formed product of wooden material and a top cast layer of concrete, said binding agent unites the wooden material and the concrete into complete static co-operation.
  • a unitary product having high flexural rigidity is achieved.
  • the thickness ratio between the plate formed product of wooden material and the layer of concrete will normally be in the order of magnitude 2:1.
  • the plate formed product of wood material may preferably be made of solid wood, i.e. wood laid in such a way that it is substantially void of cavities.
  • the plate formed product of wood material is of wood composite / wood laminate, and preferably cross glued in layers.
  • LVL Laminated Veneer Lumber
  • the binding agent is a glue of the epoxy type.
  • One type may be Mapepoxy L®, though other will surely prove to be suited by further testing.
  • Such a combination of epoxy and concrete "glues" the concrete layer to the wood surface.
  • binding agent fastening means in the form of nails, dowels, tacks, pins, staples or similar can be used, also in combination with each other.
  • a network in the form of reinforcement such as mesh reinforcement, can be used together with the fastening means.
  • a network in the form of reinforcement such as mesh reinforcement, can be used together with the fastening means.
  • Also milled out grooves extending transversally to the element, in combination with binding agent or fastening means which further secure the concrete and takes up arising shear forces when the element is loaded can be used.
  • the concrete may include reinforcement in the form of embedded strength fibres, so called fibre concrete.
  • this method can be used both as to be performed on the building site and as ready produced elements from factory.
  • the plate formed product of wood material can further include braces that are perpendicularly arranged relative to the plate plane and fixedly secured to the plate formed product.
  • the braces can further include flange plates that are perpendicularly arranged relative to the brace plane and are fixedly secured to respective braces and the flange plates extend substantially in parallel with the plate formed product, said braces forming the web in bending stiff profiles.
  • a larger plate can span over and be fixedly secured to respective braces, where this larger plate extends substantially in parallel with the plate formed product.
  • a method for fabrication of a construction element that includes a prefabricated plate formed product of wood material combined with a layer of concrete
  • the invention is distinguished in that a binding agent is applied the top surface of the prefabricated plate formed product as an adherent stratum, and thereafter concrete is pour concreted as a top layer in a thickness relative to the thickness of the prefabricated plate formed product of wood material such that the neutral plane for the compressive/tensile stresses through the construction element at all times is located within the plate formed product of wood material, and the applied binding agent between the plate formed product of wood material and the concrete layer binds these together into complete static co-operation as the binding agent and concrete cure.
  • the fabrication takes place in that fastening means first are applied to the top surface of the prefabricated plate formed product before the binding agent is applied.
  • the method can take place as a combination of use of fastening means and binding agent.
  • the construction element can, as an alternative, be produced at site, i.e. directly at the construction site.
  • the construction element when the construction element is produced at the construction site, the element may have any conceivable configuration adapted to the actual building and defined by a wall structure.
  • Fig. 1 shows in perspective view a construction element according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows in longitudinal cross section a first embodiment of a construction element according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows in longitudinal cross section a second embodiment of a construction element according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows in longitudinal cross section a third embodiment of a construction element according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows in longitudinal cross section a fourth embodiment of a construction element according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows in perspective view another embodiment of a construction element according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 shows in perspective view another embodiment of a construction element according to the invention
  • Fig. 8 shows in perspective view another embodiment of a construction element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 9A-9C illustrate flooring elements having approximately equal strength and stiffness.
  • the construction element 10 is of a composite construction mainly consisting of wood material and concrete.
  • the wood material is in the form of a plate formed element or product 1 which is lying as a supporting layer.
  • a plate formed product 1 can be a wood element of solid wood consisting of cross laid layers of wood lamellas, or boards Ia, that are joined by glue or by means of mechanical connections like nails, screws and dowels (not shown).
  • the plate formed product 1 is of wood composite/wood laminate (not shown).
  • One type of wood laminate is named LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber).
  • construction element 10 may have respective complementary ledges 3, 4 along the edges thereof.
  • construction elements 10 that are laid adjacent to each other also will overlap each other and create a splice that connect the elements 10 together at the same time as a unitary, smooth surface is created.
  • FIG 2 illustrates in closer detail a first embodiment of the internal structure of a construction element 1OA.
  • the plate formed element 1 of wood material is lying lowermost, the layer with concrete 2 uppermost and a stratum with binding agent 5 is located between them.
  • the stratum with binding agent 5 binds the wood material and the concrete together to substantially complete static co-operation, preferably fully static co-operation. With that the desired unitary, bending stiff product is achieved.
  • the binding agent can be a glue of the type epoxy.
  • Mapepoxy L® Mapepoxy L®, though others will surely prove suitable by further tests. Such a combination of epoxy and concrete "glues" the concrete layer to the wood surface.
  • the concrete may include armouring in the form of embedded strength fibres, often called fibre concrete.
  • FIG 3 illustrates a cross section through a second embodiment of a construction element 1OB.
  • the plate formed element 1 is lying lowermost and the layer with concrete 2 uppermost.
  • fastening means 7 is now used between the layers 1 and 2.
  • a combination of fastening means 7 and binding agent 5 can be used to bind the wood material and the concrete together to substantially complete static co- operation, preferably fully static co-operation. With that the desired unitary, bending stiff product is achieved.
  • the fastening means 7 may assume different forms that are used alone or in combination and examples to be mentioned are nails 7', dowels, pins, staples 7", pins 7'" or similar.
  • the concrete may include armouring in the form of embedded strength fibres, often called fibre concrete.
  • FIG 4 shows a cross section through a third embodiment of a construction element 1OC.
  • the plate formed element 1 is lying lowermost and the layer with concrete 2 uppermost.
  • fastening means 7 between the layers 1 and 2 it is now arranged a number of grooves 8 in the plate formed element 1.
  • fastening means 7 and binding agent 5 can be used to bind the wood material and concrete together to substantially complete static co-operation, preferably fully static co-operation. With that the desired unitary, bending stiff product is achieved.
  • the grooves 8 can preferably be arranged so that they extend transversally of the direction for the main loads within the construction element 1OC.
  • the concrete may include armouring in the form of embedded strength fibres, often called fibre concrete.
  • FIG 5 shows a cross section through a fourth embodiment of a construction element 10D.
  • the plate formed element 1 is lying lowermost and the layer with concrete 2 uppermost.
  • a number of armouring bails 9 is connected to the mesh reinforcement 6 and extend down into the grooves 8 for co-operation with these.
  • the armouring bails 9 act instead of, or in combination with fastening means 7 between the layers 1 and 2.
  • fastening means 7 and binding agent 5 can be used to bind the wood material and concrete together to substantially complete static co-operation, preferably fully static co-operation. With that the desired unitary, bending stiff product is achieved.
  • a prefabricated plate formed product 1 of wood material is basically used as a base or supporting layer.
  • the plate formed product 1 forms the bottom in a mould for casting of a concrete layer 2.
  • a binding agent is applied to the top surface of the prefabricated plate formed product 1.
  • the concrete is poured out as a top layer.
  • the applied binding agent between the plate formed product of wood material and concrete layer binds these together to a unitary bending stiff product as the binding agent and the concrete are hardened.
  • the binding agent shall also act as an adherent stratum to complete static co- operation between the hardened concrete layer 2 and the plate formed product 1.
  • the fabrication takes place in that one or more different fastening means 7 firstly are applied to the top surface of the prefabricated plate formed product 1 before the binding agent is applied. Thereafter the concrete is poured out and binds the plate formed product 1 of wood material and concrete layer 2 together to a unitary bending stiff product as the concrete is curing and the fastening means 7 are cast fixedly within the concrete layer 2.
  • the construction element 2OA comprises one of the variants of the construction element 10- 1OD shown and described in connection with the figures 1 to 5.
  • the plate formed product 1 of wood material further comprises braces 11 arranged perpendicular to the plate plane and are fixedly secured to the plate formed product 1.
  • the construction element 2OB comprises one of the variants of the construction element 10-1 OD shown and described in connection with the figures 1 to 5.
  • the braces 11 further comprises flange plates 12 that are perpendicularly arranged relative to the brace plane and are fixedly secured to respective braces 11.
  • the flange plates extend substantially in parallel with the plate formed product 1 , and the braces form web in flexural rigid profiles of the I-beam type.
  • FIG 8 still another embodiment of a construction element 2OC according to the invention is illustrated.
  • the construction element 2OC comprises one of the variants of the construction element 10- 1OD shown and described in connection with the figures 1 to 5.
  • What is characteristic for this embodiment is that a larger plate 13 spans over and is fixedly secured to respective braces 11. This larger plate 13 extends substantially in parallel with the plate formed product 1 and increases the bending stiffness in the construction element 2OC considerably.
  • Still another embodiment of the construction element according to the embodiments shown in the figures 6-8 will be that one replaces the plate formed product 1 with separate plates (not shown) that are placed between the braces 11 and approximately flush with the upper edge of the braces 11. With that they will form the bottom of a mould for the pour concreted layer 2.
  • Fig. 9 A shows a section of a floor in the form of the plate formed product 1 or element.
  • the plate formed product 1 is, as before, fabricated of solid wood constructed as a cross laminate.
  • Such a plate formed product 1 of solid wood can for example have a thickness of 200mm as figure 9A suggests.
  • the product has full strength wise load carrying capacity and minimum deflection and is in this respect completely satisfactory.
  • Figure 9C thus illustrates the traditional way of thinking.
  • the object creating the basis for the present invention was as follows. Is it possible to have the concrete layer 2 to take part of the strength wise load carrying of the flooring and in such a way that the total construction height of 200mm is substantially maintained?
  • the solution is illustrated in figure 9B.
  • the plate formed product 1 of solid wood is reduced in thickness by 60mm corresponding to the layer of pour concreted concrete 2.
  • the concrete 2 is subjected to compression stresses only.
  • the concrete has poor ability to take up tension, but has excellent properties when it comes to compression stresses and compressive strength.
  • the neutral plane for the tensile/compressive stresses needs to be located within the plate formed product 1 of solid wood, so that the concrete 2 continuously is subjected to compression forces only. Since the concrete has such a high compressive strength and is completely incompressible, the gluing between the layers will transform vertically acting forces against the floor to horizontally acting compression forces through the concrete layer 2. And the concrete layer 2 thus acts as if it is completely rigid regarding possible motions. Thus a so called flexural rigid product is achieved.
  • the plate formed product 1 of wood material always need ' to have a larger thickness than the thickness of the layer of concrete 2, and in such a thickness ratio that the neutral plane for the compressive/tensile stresses through the construction element at all times is located within the plate formed product 1 of wood material.
  • the specific gravity for concrete and wooden material is in the order of magnitude 2000 kg/m and 500 kg/m respectively.
  • the concrete layer 2 usually needs to have a thickness less than half the thickness of the prefabricated plate formed product 1 of wood material such that the neutral plane for compressive/tensile stresses through the construction element 10 at all times is located within the plate formed product 1 of wood material.
  • Wood elements that are to be combined with concrete in fully static co-operation need to have minor dimensional changes only, i.e. be close to dimension stable during varying moisture of wood and temperature.
  • a wood element being most possible stable is a presumption to avoid loss/creeping issues in this type composite construction element, also called a composite floor.
  • NBI Necess Byggforskningsinstitutt
  • the plate formed product 1 was then "glued on" 60mm concrete 2 by the so named "wet-on- wet” method. After a curing period new sound measuring of the construction element took place, firstly without additional insulation, in order to be able to compare the value that was measured for the plain plate formed product 1.
  • the construction element 10 was disassembled after the sound tests were terminated and the two largest elements having width of 1200mm were tested regarding strength and rigidity in respective turns.
  • the element was subjected to two line loadings placed in accordance with International regulations for this kind of testing and within 5 minutes the load was increased to about 400 kN before rupture took place.
  • the results were very edifying, inter alia the "gluing" of the concrete indicated no weaknesses and the rupture pattern was as for a plain solid wood element, i.e. that shear rupture within the lateral lamellas close to the neutral axis or plane was the weakest spot.
  • the proportion between the solid wood and concrete was here such that the neutral axis was located underneath the concrete layer so that tensile stresses within the not reinforced concrete did not appear. "The glue joint" indicated no weaknesses in for example elongation or displacement between concrete and wood.
  • the E-module for the construction element 10 was here proven to be approx. 40 % higher than for a plain solid wood element. This means that in addition to better sound technical properties, the construction element 10 will prove better against vibrations and the span width may be increased compared with a plain solid wood floor element.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP07709224A 2006-02-10 2007-02-09 Auf mit beton verstärkten vollholzelementen basierende elmente/platten Withdrawn EP1987209A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20060680 2006-02-10
PCT/NO2007/000042 WO2007091899A1 (en) 2006-02-10 2007-02-09 Elements/slabs based on solid wood elements reinforced with concrete

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1987209A1 true EP1987209A1 (de) 2008-11-05
EP1987209A4 EP1987209A4 (de) 2012-10-03

Family

ID=38345414

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07709224A Withdrawn EP1987209A4 (de) 2006-02-10 2007-02-09 Auf mit beton verstärkten vollholzelementen basierende elmente/platten

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1987209A4 (de)
WO (1) WO2007091899A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2745680C1 (ru) * 2020-04-16 2021-03-30 Николай Валерьевич Денисов Способ производства акустической композитной панели с древобетоном

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FR2924137B1 (fr) * 2007-11-26 2010-01-22 France Etat Ponts Chaussees Structure porteuse beton-bois
ITBO20080361A1 (it) * 2008-06-09 2009-12-10 Cogefrin S P A Pannello prefabbricato per costruzioni edili e relativo metodo di messa in opera.
IT1391716B1 (it) * 2008-11-12 2012-01-27 Cogefrin S P A Struttura di edificio prefabbricato multipiano e relativo metodo di costruzione.
FR2938565B1 (fr) * 2008-11-14 2010-12-17 Lafarge Sa Element de structure comprenant du bois et du beton
AT508759B1 (de) * 2010-02-11 2011-04-15 Palfi Michael Bauelement für wand- und deckensysteme
EP2412885A1 (de) * 2010-07-28 2012-02-01 Itech Wood S.A. Mehrstöckige Gebäudestruktur aus Holz
EP2787140B1 (de) * 2013-04-04 2015-10-14 MERK Timber GmbH Flachdecke in Holz-Beton-Verbundbauweise und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Flachdecke
DE102013106918B3 (de) * 2013-07-02 2014-05-28 Bs Ingenieure Ag Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion
CN103981997B (zh) * 2014-05-12 2017-01-18 东南大学 带肋竹木约束剪切板
AT518496B1 (de) * 2016-04-13 2021-12-15 Hans Ulrich Terkl Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundelementes sowie Verbundelement
AT519761B1 (de) * 2017-03-17 2018-10-15 Trumpf Maschinen Austria Gmbh & Co Kg Biegeschritt-Auswahlverfahren, ausgeführt auf einem Steuerungssystem einer Biegemaschine
US20180347191A1 (en) * 2017-06-01 2018-12-06 9360-4742 Quebec Inc. Prefabricated concrete slab floor and method of fabricating the same
CN108396648A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2018-08-14 南京林业大学 一种中空正交胶合木板和超高性能混凝土制作的板构件
FR3107539B1 (fr) * 2020-02-21 2023-01-06 Apb2 Dalle mixte préfabriquée pour la construction notamment de planchers ou de murs et procédé de fabrication
CN113047495A (zh) * 2021-04-26 2021-06-29 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 一种装配式木-混凝土组合楼板体系

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DE4424941A1 (de) * 1994-07-14 1996-01-25 Ensle Paul Stiftung Verbundschalungssystem
CA2295561A1 (en) * 1997-07-08 1999-01-21 Sika Ag, Vormals Kaspar Winkler & Co. Composite element and its method of manufacture

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DE19602400A1 (de) * 1996-01-24 1997-07-31 Heinz Wieland Holz/Beton-Verbund
AT5773U1 (de) * 2001-09-06 2002-11-25 Pirnbacher Georg Ing Holzbetonverbundbauteil
DE20210714U1 (de) * 2002-07-10 2002-11-21 Bauer Werner Holz-Beton-Verbundelement mit integriertem Klimaelement

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4424941A1 (de) * 1994-07-14 1996-01-25 Ensle Paul Stiftung Verbundschalungssystem
CA2295561A1 (en) * 1997-07-08 1999-01-21 Sika Ag, Vormals Kaspar Winkler & Co. Composite element and its method of manufacture

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See also references of WO2007091899A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2745680C1 (ru) * 2020-04-16 2021-03-30 Николай Валерьевич Денисов Способ производства акустической композитной панели с древобетоном
WO2021211016A1 (ru) * 2020-04-16 2021-10-21 Николай Валерьевич ДЕНИСОВ Способ производства акустической композитной панели с древобетоном

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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WO2007091899A1 (en) 2007-08-16

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