CA2295561A1 - Composite element and its method of manufacture - Google Patents
Composite element and its method of manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2295561A1 CA2295561A1 CA002295561A CA2295561A CA2295561A1 CA 2295561 A1 CA2295561 A1 CA 2295561A1 CA 002295561 A CA002295561 A CA 002295561A CA 2295561 A CA2295561 A CA 2295561A CA 2295561 A1 CA2295561 A1 CA 2295561A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- concrete
- mortar
- adhesive
- wooden
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite element comprising at least one wooden layer which is bound to a concrete or mortar layer, as well as to a composite element manufactured accordingly. In order to provide this composite element with a high load carrying capacity, which is the result of the concrete or mortar layer adhering onto the whole surface of the wooden layer, an adhesive (16) with a paste consistency is applied so that the adhesive coats the surface and forms an adhesive layer. Then, fresh hydraulic concrete or fresh hydraulic mortar is spread onto the adhesive layer (16) and is distributed over this layer in order to coat the surface and form the concrete or mortar layer (14). The adhesive layer (16) and the concrete or mortar layer (14) are caused to set during a common transient setting phase to produce an inter-layer binding over a large surface.
Description
Composite element and its method of manufacturing Description The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite element comprising at least one wooden layer and a concrete or mortar layer bound to it and to a composite element produced by this method.
Composite structures of wood and concrete constitute a mixed form of construction in which the cross-sections of supporting components consist of the two disparate materials wood and concrete, which are usually flexibly bonded together by mechanical means. In the vast majority of applications of wood and concrete structures, the concrete is in the bending pressure zone and the wood is in the bending stress zone of a bending load-bearing element. This permits optimum use of the properties of the two construction materials. The firmness and rigidity of the concrete are at their maximum under compression load. If wood is introduced into the stress zone the concrete usually present in reinforced concrete cross-sections is absent from the stress zone; such concrete does not contribute to load-bearing when cracks occur and is simply a dead load. The procedure permits the creation of cross-sections whose own weight is comparatively small and which exhibit high rigidity. The load-bearing capacity of such structures is, for example, approximately doubled in comparison with a ceiling consisting only of wooden beams, the flexural strength is three or four times as great. The use of wood and concrete composite ceilings markedly reduces the flexibility of the ceiling which is often found to be an inconvenience in ceilings made solely of wooden beams. In addition, the damping of vibrations is significantly more pronounced in wood and concrete composite ceilings than in wooden ceilings, so that it is much easier to perform vibration checks for limits of serviceability. The application of a concrete slab to existing wood-beam ceilings also improves sound insulation. Because of the markedly greater mass of the concrete, sound transmission by air is diminished, while the higher damping values of the composite ceiling also reduces sound transmission through solid bodies.
Lastly, in the event of exposure to fire the concrete slab forms an effective barrier to prevent the fire from spreading.
It therefore improves the fire resistance of the structure in comparison with a ceiling made solely of wooden beams. The wooden beams themselves exhibit longer fire resistance than finished load- bearing members made of steel or reinforced concrete.
In a method for manufacturing a composite wood and concrete structure which is known from EP-0 432 484 the wooden layer and the concrete layer are bonded together by reinforcing screws screwed into the wooden layer and projecting beyond it.
A plastic film is then spread over the whole of a free surface of a wooden ceiling, completely separating the concrete to be poured on later from the wooden surface, so that moisture from the fresh concrete cannot penetrate the wood. After the plastic film has been spread the reinforcing screws are screwed into the wooden bearing beams of the wooden ceiling, with a portion of the length of the shaft of the reinforcement screws still projecting over the wooden beams.
The fresh concrete is then poured on to the wooden ceiling which has been prepared in this manner, so that a point-by-point bond is formed between the wooden layer and the concrete layer after the concrete has hardened. It has been found that the disadvantage of this process is that bonding between the wooden layer and the concrete layer does not take place over the whole surface. The load-bearing capacity of this type of structure is substantially reduced in comparison with a bond over the whole surface.
Composite structures of wood and concrete constitute a mixed form of construction in which the cross-sections of supporting components consist of the two disparate materials wood and concrete, which are usually flexibly bonded together by mechanical means. In the vast majority of applications of wood and concrete structures, the concrete is in the bending pressure zone and the wood is in the bending stress zone of a bending load-bearing element. This permits optimum use of the properties of the two construction materials. The firmness and rigidity of the concrete are at their maximum under compression load. If wood is introduced into the stress zone the concrete usually present in reinforced concrete cross-sections is absent from the stress zone; such concrete does not contribute to load-bearing when cracks occur and is simply a dead load. The procedure permits the creation of cross-sections whose own weight is comparatively small and which exhibit high rigidity. The load-bearing capacity of such structures is, for example, approximately doubled in comparison with a ceiling consisting only of wooden beams, the flexural strength is three or four times as great. The use of wood and concrete composite ceilings markedly reduces the flexibility of the ceiling which is often found to be an inconvenience in ceilings made solely of wooden beams. In addition, the damping of vibrations is significantly more pronounced in wood and concrete composite ceilings than in wooden ceilings, so that it is much easier to perform vibration checks for limits of serviceability. The application of a concrete slab to existing wood-beam ceilings also improves sound insulation. Because of the markedly greater mass of the concrete, sound transmission by air is diminished, while the higher damping values of the composite ceiling also reduces sound transmission through solid bodies.
Lastly, in the event of exposure to fire the concrete slab forms an effective barrier to prevent the fire from spreading.
It therefore improves the fire resistance of the structure in comparison with a ceiling made solely of wooden beams. The wooden beams themselves exhibit longer fire resistance than finished load- bearing members made of steel or reinforced concrete.
In a method for manufacturing a composite wood and concrete structure which is known from EP-0 432 484 the wooden layer and the concrete layer are bonded together by reinforcing screws screwed into the wooden layer and projecting beyond it.
A plastic film is then spread over the whole of a free surface of a wooden ceiling, completely separating the concrete to be poured on later from the wooden surface, so that moisture from the fresh concrete cannot penetrate the wood. After the plastic film has been spread the reinforcing screws are screwed into the wooden bearing beams of the wooden ceiling, with a portion of the length of the shaft of the reinforcement screws still projecting over the wooden beams.
The fresh concrete is then poured on to the wooden ceiling which has been prepared in this manner, so that a point-by-point bond is formed between the wooden layer and the concrete layer after the concrete has hardened. It has been found that the disadvantage of this process is that bonding between the wooden layer and the concrete layer does not take place over the whole surface. The load-bearing capacity of this type of structure is substantially reduced in comparison with a bond over the whole surface.
It is also known how to glue a prefabricated concrete slab to a free wooden surface. This is in practice only appropriate for composite wood and concrete elements which are to be prefabricated, since it is impossible to introduce prefabricated concrete slabs with large surfaces into existing buildings. In addition, as the adjoining surfaces of the wooden layer and the concrete layer always exhibit some unevenness small hollows are created between the wooden layer and the concrete layer, so that in~this case too a bond over the whole surface is not ensured.
The purpose of the invention is therefore to propose a method for manufacturing a composite wood and concrete element which is easy to execute and ensures a bond over the whole surface between the wooden layer and the concrete layer. Its purpose is also to offer a composite element produced by the method described in the invention which will have a greater load-bearing capacity than conventional composite elements.
To achieve this purpose the combinations of features listed in patent claims 1 and 10 are proposed. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the related claims.
The basic principle of the invention is that the simplest way of obtaining a bond over the whole surface between the wooden layer and the concrete layer is for the fresh concrete to be poured while an intermediate layer of adhesive is deposited directly on the wooden layer. It is therefore proposed in accordance with the invention that an adhesive with paste-like consistency is applied to a free surface of the wooden layer forming an adhesive layer covering the surface, that fresh hydraulic concrete or mortar is poured on to the adhesive layer and spread over it forming the concrete or mortar layer and that the adhesive layer and the concrete or mortar layer are hardened in a simultaneous hardening phase, creating a bond between the layers over a large surface. If the fresh hydraulic concrete or mortar is poured on to the adhesive layer before the latter has hardened, components of the concrete, especially the gravel in it, penetrate the adhesive layer and produce an indentation between the layers. In this way pouring the fresh concrete or the fresh mortar in liquid form will in every case create a bond over the whole surface.
Preferably the thickness with which the layer of adhesive is applied to the wooden surface is 0.1 to 0.8 mm. This small thickness is sufficient to achieve the required indentation between the fresh concrete and the adhesive layer. The adhesive can be sprayed, rolled or trowelled on to the wood surface, and if trowelled, preferably with a serrated trowel which imparts to the adhesive layer a rough surfacing that enhances the effect of the indentation. The adhesive used is preferably a glue with two components from the epoxy resin or polyurethane resin group. These adhesives are sufficiently impervious to water for the adhesive layer to remain in place when the fresh concrete or fresh mortar is poured on. The paste-like adhesive should be sufficiently brushable but not too runny, so that it will not be expelled from the wooden surface by the application of the fresh concrete or the fresh mortar. The adhesive should therefore have a viscosity of 20 to 600 Pa.s when it is applied to the wooden surface and when the fresh concrete or fresh mortar is subsequently applied thereto.
To prevent the formation of air bubbles while the fresh concrete or fresh mortar are being poured on a preferred embodiment of the process provides for the concrete or mortar layer to be thickened preferably by vibrating before hardening takes place.
The purpose of the invention is therefore to propose a method for manufacturing a composite wood and concrete element which is easy to execute and ensures a bond over the whole surface between the wooden layer and the concrete layer. Its purpose is also to offer a composite element produced by the method described in the invention which will have a greater load-bearing capacity than conventional composite elements.
To achieve this purpose the combinations of features listed in patent claims 1 and 10 are proposed. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the related claims.
The basic principle of the invention is that the simplest way of obtaining a bond over the whole surface between the wooden layer and the concrete layer is for the fresh concrete to be poured while an intermediate layer of adhesive is deposited directly on the wooden layer. It is therefore proposed in accordance with the invention that an adhesive with paste-like consistency is applied to a free surface of the wooden layer forming an adhesive layer covering the surface, that fresh hydraulic concrete or mortar is poured on to the adhesive layer and spread over it forming the concrete or mortar layer and that the adhesive layer and the concrete or mortar layer are hardened in a simultaneous hardening phase, creating a bond between the layers over a large surface. If the fresh hydraulic concrete or mortar is poured on to the adhesive layer before the latter has hardened, components of the concrete, especially the gravel in it, penetrate the adhesive layer and produce an indentation between the layers. In this way pouring the fresh concrete or the fresh mortar in liquid form will in every case create a bond over the whole surface.
Preferably the thickness with which the layer of adhesive is applied to the wooden surface is 0.1 to 0.8 mm. This small thickness is sufficient to achieve the required indentation between the fresh concrete and the adhesive layer. The adhesive can be sprayed, rolled or trowelled on to the wood surface, and if trowelled, preferably with a serrated trowel which imparts to the adhesive layer a rough surfacing that enhances the effect of the indentation. The adhesive used is preferably a glue with two components from the epoxy resin or polyurethane resin group. These adhesives are sufficiently impervious to water for the adhesive layer to remain in place when the fresh concrete or fresh mortar is poured on. The paste-like adhesive should be sufficiently brushable but not too runny, so that it will not be expelled from the wooden surface by the application of the fresh concrete or the fresh mortar. The adhesive should therefore have a viscosity of 20 to 600 Pa.s when it is applied to the wooden surface and when the fresh concrete or fresh mortar is subsequently applied thereto.
To prevent the formation of air bubbles while the fresh concrete or fresh mortar are being poured on a preferred embodiment of the process provides for the concrete or mortar layer to be thickened preferably by vibrating before hardening takes place.
The strength and load-bearing capacity of the composite element is still further increased by embedding reinforcing material such as construction steel or fibre material in the concrete or mortar layer when the fresh concrete or fresh mortar is poured.
Electrical cables and plumbing are usually laid under plaster.
To make this easier it is provided that in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the method described in the invention empty pipes for the electrical and/or plumbing installation are embedded in the concrete mortar layer at the time when the fresh concrete or the fresh mortar is applied.
For the purpose of obtaining even coverage of the concrete or mortar layer, over the wooden layer it is advantageous to insert the wooden layer in a removable sheathing for the fresh concrete or the fresh mortar or to provide it with such a sheathing.
The composite element described in the invention consists essentially of wood and concrete mortar or cement mortar with at least one wooden layer and one concrete or mortar layer and a thin-walled bonding medium made of a synthetic resin glue with two components which is placed between the wooden layer and the concrete or mortar layer. The wall thickness of the thin-walled bonding medium should be from 0.1 to 0.8 mm and the medium may consist of an epoxy resin glue with two components or a polyurethane glue with two components. The load-bearing capacity of the composite element can be further increased by embedding in the concrete or mortar layer a reinforcement made preferably from construction steel or from fibre material. In addition, empty pipes can be embedded in the concrete or mortar layer for the electrical cable and/or plumbing installation.
Electrical cables and plumbing are usually laid under plaster.
To make this easier it is provided that in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the method described in the invention empty pipes for the electrical and/or plumbing installation are embedded in the concrete mortar layer at the time when the fresh concrete or the fresh mortar is applied.
For the purpose of obtaining even coverage of the concrete or mortar layer, over the wooden layer it is advantageous to insert the wooden layer in a removable sheathing for the fresh concrete or the fresh mortar or to provide it with such a sheathing.
The composite element described in the invention consists essentially of wood and concrete mortar or cement mortar with at least one wooden layer and one concrete or mortar layer and a thin-walled bonding medium made of a synthetic resin glue with two components which is placed between the wooden layer and the concrete or mortar layer. The wall thickness of the thin-walled bonding medium should be from 0.1 to 0.8 mm and the medium may consist of an epoxy resin glue with two components or a polyurethane glue with two components. The load-bearing capacity of the composite element can be further increased by embedding in the concrete or mortar layer a reinforcement made preferably from construction steel or from fibre material. In addition, empty pipes can be embedded in the concrete or mortar layer for the electrical cable and/or plumbing installation.
A preferred use of the method described in the invention is to employ it for the production of prefabricated ceiling, floor and wall components for buildings, especially prefabricated houses.
A detailed description and explanation of the invention supported by drawings is given below, as follows:
Figure 1 section of a composite element as described in the invention;
Figure 2 enlarged segment of composite element as in Figure 1 in the vicinity of the bonding medium.
The composite element shown in the drawings and designated overall by the number 10 consists essentially of a wooden layer 12 and a concrete or mortar layer 14 which is bonded to the surface of the wooden layer 12 by an adhesive layer 16.
The adhesive layer 16 is sprayed, rolled or trowelled on to the wooden surface as a paste and has a very small thickness, approximately 0.5 mm. The concrete or mortar layer 14 is spread on to the adhesive layer 16 before the latter has hardened. In consequence, as is more particularly apparent from Figure 2, the coarser components of the concrete or mortar layer 14 penetrate the adhesive layer 16 and a certain intermixing of the two layers takes place with the result that after both layers have set, there is an effective bonding indentation over the whole surface.
The invention may be summarized as follows: It refers to a method for manufacturing a composite element comprising at least one wooden layer and one concrete or mortar layer bound to it and to a composite element produced by the method. In order to increase the load-bearing capacity of the composite element by bonding the concrete or mortar layer with the wooden layer over the whole surface, it is proposed according to the invention that an adhesive 16 of paste-like consistency will be applied to a free surface of the wood layer 12 forming an adhesive layer over the whole surface. Fresh hydraulic concrete or mortar is then spread on to the adhesive layer 16 and distributed over it to form the concrete or mortar layer 14 covering the whole surface. The adhesive layer 16 and the concrete or mortar layer 14 are caused to set in a common setting phase, creating a bond between the layers over a large surface.
A detailed description and explanation of the invention supported by drawings is given below, as follows:
Figure 1 section of a composite element as described in the invention;
Figure 2 enlarged segment of composite element as in Figure 1 in the vicinity of the bonding medium.
The composite element shown in the drawings and designated overall by the number 10 consists essentially of a wooden layer 12 and a concrete or mortar layer 14 which is bonded to the surface of the wooden layer 12 by an adhesive layer 16.
The adhesive layer 16 is sprayed, rolled or trowelled on to the wooden surface as a paste and has a very small thickness, approximately 0.5 mm. The concrete or mortar layer 14 is spread on to the adhesive layer 16 before the latter has hardened. In consequence, as is more particularly apparent from Figure 2, the coarser components of the concrete or mortar layer 14 penetrate the adhesive layer 16 and a certain intermixing of the two layers takes place with the result that after both layers have set, there is an effective bonding indentation over the whole surface.
The invention may be summarized as follows: It refers to a method for manufacturing a composite element comprising at least one wooden layer and one concrete or mortar layer bound to it and to a composite element produced by the method. In order to increase the load-bearing capacity of the composite element by bonding the concrete or mortar layer with the wooden layer over the whole surface, it is proposed according to the invention that an adhesive 16 of paste-like consistency will be applied to a free surface of the wood layer 12 forming an adhesive layer over the whole surface. Fresh hydraulic concrete or mortar is then spread on to the adhesive layer 16 and distributed over it to form the concrete or mortar layer 14 covering the whole surface. The adhesive layer 16 and the concrete or mortar layer 14 are caused to set in a common setting phase, creating a bond between the layers over a large surface.
Claims (10)
1. A method for manufacturing a composite element consisting of at least one wooden layer and one concrete or mortar layer bonded with it, characterized in that an adhesive of paste-like consistency is applied to a free surface of the wooden layer (12) to form an adhesive layer (16) covering the whole surface, that fresh hydraulic concrete or mortar is spread on to the adhesive layer (16) and distributed over it to form the concrete or mortar layer (14) covering the whole surface and that the adhesive layer (16) and the concrete or mortar layer (14) are caused to set in a common setting phase, creating a bond between the layers over a large surface.
2. A process as in Claim 1, characterized in that the layer of adhesive is applied to the wood surface with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.8 mm.
3. A process as in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adhesive is sprayed, rolled or preferably trowelled with a serrated trowel on to the wooden surface.
4. A process as in one of Claims 1 through 3, characterized in that an adhesive with two components from the epoxy resin group or the polyurethane resin group is used as adhesive.
5. A process as in one of Claims 1 through 4, characterized in that the paste-like adhesive has a viscosity of 20 to 6oo Pa.s when it is applied to the wooden surface and when the fresh concrete or mortar is subsequently applied.
6. A process as in one of Claims 1 through 5, characterized in that the concrete or mortar layer (14) is thickened preferably by vibrating before hardening.
7. A process as in one of Claims 1 through 6, characterized in that reinforcing material such as structural steel or fibre material is embedded in the concrete or mortar layer (14) when the fresh concrete or mortar is applied.
8. A process as in one of Claims 1 through 7, characterized in that empty pipes for the electrical cable and/or plumbing installation are embedded in the concrete or mortar layer (14) when the fresh concrete or mortar is applied.
9. A process as in one of Claims 1 through 8, characterized in that the wooden layer (12) is inserted in a removable sheathing for the fresh concrete or mortar or is provided with such a sheathing.
10. Use of the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, for the production of prefabricated ceiling, floor or wall elements for a building, particularly a prefabricated house.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19729058.2 | 1997-07-08 | ||
| DE1997129058 DE19729058A1 (en) | 1997-07-08 | 1997-07-08 | Composite element and method for its production |
| PCT/EP1998/004117 WO1999002796A1 (en) | 1997-07-08 | 1998-07-03 | Composite element and its method of manufacturing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2295561A1 true CA2295561A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
Family
ID=7834957
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002295561A Abandoned CA2295561A1 (en) | 1997-07-08 | 1998-07-03 | Composite element and its method of manufacture |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0994990A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002511910A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2295561A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19729058A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999002796A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007091899A1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-16 | Combino As | Elements/slabs based on solid wood elements reinforced with concrete |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19950356C2 (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2001-12-06 | Siegfried Burglechner | Multi-layer building board, as well as processes for their production |
| FR2844536B1 (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2005-07-01 | Georges Deperraz | INTERFACE CONNECTION BETWEEN CONCRETE AND WOOD OR METAL |
| DE102004049423A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | Wolfgang Braungardt | Method of making a building |
| ITCO20050010A1 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-15 | Giovanni Cenci | APPLICABLE PROCEDURE BETWEEN PRODUCTION IN THE FACTORY AND CONSTRUCTION OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OBTAINED FROM THE BONDED UNION OF WOOD OR ITS DERIVATIVES WITH CONCRETE IN THE FRESH MIXING STATE |
| JP2007146574A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-14 | Noda Corp | Base board and plate for building using the same |
| JP2007177453A (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-12 | Noda Corp | Building plate |
| ES2399088T3 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2013-03-25 | Perseid Therapeutics Llc | Immunosuppressive polypeptides and nucleic acids |
| FR2924137B1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2010-01-22 | France Etat Ponts Chaussees | BETON-BOIS CARRIER STRUCTURE |
| DE102016001185A1 (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2017-08-03 | Lignotrend Gmbh & Co. Kg | As a wood-concrete composite trained component and method for its preparation |
| DE102016001183A1 (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-03-31 | Lignotrend Gmbh & Co. Kg | As a wood-concrete composite trained component and method for its preparation |
| AT16538U1 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-12-15 | Holzforschung Austria Oesterreichische Ges Fuer Holzforschung | Wood-concrete composite member |
| FR3068997B1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-08-23 | Cruard Charpente Et Construction Bois | WOOD AND CONCRETE STRUCTURE ELEMENTS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE |
| DE102018000750A1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-01 | Jürgen Übersohn | Utility article comprising at least one concrete part and one element of a transparent or translucent bonding material |
| WO2020169369A1 (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-27 | Basf Se | 3d printing method for producing concrete-containing segments of a 3d object |
| CA3238622A1 (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-06-08 | Urs Burckhardt | Method for producing a laminate of wood and cementitious compositions |
| WO2023148056A1 (en) | 2022-02-07 | 2023-08-10 | Sika Technology Ag | Method for producing a laminate from wood and a curable composition |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE546445C (en) * | 1932-03-12 | Otto Schaub | Wood-concrete composite body | |
| CH243281A (en) * | 1944-04-03 | 1946-07-15 | Wernink S Beton Mij Nv | Component and method of manufacturing the same. |
| NL7607419A (en) * | 1975-07-07 | 1977-01-11 | Omholt Ray | RESILIENT CUSHIONED WOOD FLOORING SYSTEM, ON WHICH ADHESIVE HAS BEEN APPLIED AND WHERE GROWTH IS LIMITED, AND PROCEDURE FOR INSTALLING THIS. |
| DE2810180C2 (en) * | 1978-03-09 | 1985-02-14 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Process for the production of a fire-protecting, foamed material as well as coatings, insulation, cable insulation, insulation protection layers, plates, molded bodies and other objects formed therefrom on the basis of magnesia cement |
| EP0060615A1 (en) * | 1981-02-04 | 1982-09-22 | David Grice | Cladding boards |
| FR2510163B1 (en) * | 1981-07-22 | 1986-05-02 | Renofors France | METHOD FOR REINFORCING A WOODEN BEAM |
| US4670079A (en) * | 1982-11-26 | 1987-06-02 | Thompson Thomas L | Method of forming a walking-surface panel |
| US4470357A (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1984-09-11 | Caesar Sanzaro | Laminated panels for vault construction |
| DE3317193A1 (en) * | 1983-05-11 | 1984-11-15 | Georg Börner Chemisches Werk für Dach- und Bautenschutz GmbH & Co KG, 6430 Bad Hersfeld | USE OF AN EXPANDING POLYURETHANE ADHESIVE TO CONNECT INSULATION TO BUILDING PARTS |
| US4662972A (en) * | 1984-02-16 | 1987-05-05 | Thompson Thomas L | Method of forming a non-skid surfaced structure |
| CH658091A5 (en) * | 1984-07-17 | 1986-10-15 | Planchers Kaiser S A | Prefabricated construction element for the construction of floors, terraces or roofs |
| FR2589777B1 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1990-04-06 | Zonca Radiano | NEW MATERIAL BASED ON AGGREGATES OF WOOD AND POLYURETHANE RESIN AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS AND MOLDED OBJECTS FOR THE BUILDING, FURNITURE AND SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY. |
| DE3504821A1 (en) * | 1985-02-13 | 1986-08-14 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | METHOD FOR ACOUSTIC INSULATION OF CONCRETE ELEMENTS OR CONCRETE ELEMENT EQUIPPED WITH ACOUSTIC INSULATION |
| ATE102688T1 (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1994-03-15 | Sfs Handels Holding Ag | COMPOSITE ELEMENT. |
| DE4421623A1 (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-01-04 | Thera Ges Fuer Patente | Multi-component, cationically curing epoxy materials and their use as well as processes for producing hardened materials |
| ATE194677T1 (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 2000-07-15 | Daniel Gauthier | METAL BAND FOR CONNECTING COMPONENTS TO EACH OTHER |
-
1997
- 1997-07-08 DE DE1997129058 patent/DE19729058A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-07-03 JP JP50810399A patent/JP2002511910A/en active Pending
- 1998-07-03 CA CA002295561A patent/CA2295561A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-07-03 WO PCT/EP1998/004117 patent/WO1999002796A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-03 EP EP98939613A patent/EP0994990A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007091899A1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-16 | Combino As | Elements/slabs based on solid wood elements reinforced with concrete |
| EP1987209A1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2008-11-05 | Combino AS | Elements/slabs based on solid wood elements reinforced with concrete |
| EP1987209A4 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2012-10-03 | Combino As | Elements/slabs based on solid wood elements reinforced with concrete |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0994990A1 (en) | 2000-04-26 |
| JP2002511910A (en) | 2002-04-16 |
| WO1999002796A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
| DE19729058A1 (en) | 1999-01-14 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |