EP1985717B1 - Amalgam globules for energy saving lamps and their manufacture - Google Patents

Amalgam globules for energy saving lamps and their manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1985717B1
EP1985717B1 EP07008717A EP07008717A EP1985717B1 EP 1985717 B1 EP1985717 B1 EP 1985717B1 EP 07008717 A EP07008717 A EP 07008717A EP 07008717 A EP07008717 A EP 07008717A EP 1985717 B1 EP1985717 B1 EP 1985717B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amalgam
spheres
tin
powder
mercury
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP07008717A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1985717A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Ptaschek
Vincenzo Calogero Di
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore AG and Co KG
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Umicore AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP07008717A priority Critical patent/EP1985717B1/en
Application filed by Umicore AG and Co KG filed Critical Umicore AG and Co KG
Priority to AT07008717T priority patent/ATE514797T1/en
Priority to PL07008717T priority patent/PL1985717T3/en
Priority to AT08736446T priority patent/ATE473307T1/en
Priority to JP2010504659A priority patent/JP5193285B2/en
Priority to EP08736446A priority patent/EP2145028B1/en
Priority to DE502008000912T priority patent/DE502008000912D1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2008/054839 priority patent/WO2008132089A1/en
Priority to CN2008800124670A priority patent/CN101960027B/en
Priority to US12/595,762 priority patent/US8497622B2/en
Priority to CN2013101061972A priority patent/CN103194638A/en
Priority to PL08736446T priority patent/PL2145028T3/en
Publication of EP1985717A1 publication Critical patent/EP1985717A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1985717B1 publication Critical patent/EP1985717B1/en
Priority to JP2012273008A priority patent/JP5599449B2/en
Priority to US13/929,096 priority patent/US9324555B2/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
    • H01J61/20—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent mercury vapour
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C7/00—Alloys based on mercury
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01J61/28—Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the lamp
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to amalgam beads for the introduction of mercury in modern energy-saving lamps.
  • Modern energy-saving lamps of the TFL (Tube Fluorescent Lamp) or CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lamp) type belong to the low-pressure gas discharge lamps. They consist of a gas discharge flask filled with a mixture of mercury vapor and argon and internally coated with a fluorescent phosphor. The ultraviolet radiation of mercury emitted during operation is converted from fluorescent coating to visible light by fluorescence. The lamps are therefore also referred to as fluorescent lamps.
  • the mercury required for the operation of the lamps was formerly metered as liquid metal into the gas discharge flask.
  • the US 4,145,634 describes the use of Amalgampellets with 36 at% indium, which contain high liquid content even at room temperature because of the high mercury content.
  • the pellets tend to stick together when they get in contact with each other. By coating the pellets with suitable materials in powder form, this can be prevented.
  • Stable metal oxides titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, silica, magnesia and alumina
  • graphite glass powder
  • phosphors phosphors
  • borax antimony oxide
  • metal powders that do not form an amalgam with mercury (aluminum, iron and chromium) are suggested.
  • the WO 94/18692 describes the use of pellets of zinc amalgam with 5 to 60, preferably 40 to 60 wt.%, of mercury.
  • For the production of spheroid Amalgampellets is in the US 4,216,178 described method used in which the molten amalgam by a vibrated spout nozzle into small Drop is divided and cooled in a cooling medium below the solidification temperature.
  • the pellets are in accordance with WO 94/18692 not coated.
  • amalgam balls from the melt the amalgam must be heated to a temperature at which the amalgam is completely melted. This is guaranteed with a zinc amalgam only at a temperature above 420 ° C with certainty. These high processing temperatures necessitate corresponding safety precautions because of the high mercury vapor pressure due to the toxicity of the mercury.
  • the JP 2000251836 describes the use of amalgam cells of tin amalgam for the production of fluorescent lamps.
  • the tin amalgam preferably has only a low mercury content with a tin / mercury atomic ratio of between 90-80: 10-20. This corresponds to a mercury content of 15.8 to 29.7 wt .-%.
  • the JP 2000251836 Does not give any information about how the amalgam spherical pellets are made.
  • amalgam balls of a Zinnamalgam which has a mercury content between 30 and 70 wt .-%.
  • the amalgam spheres preferably have a mercury content of from 30 to 60 and in particular from 40 to 55% by weight.
  • the balls can look like one in the EP 1381485 B1 described method are prepared from a melt of the amalgam. This is completely melted Amalgam dripped into a cooling medium with a temperature below the solidification temperature of the amalgam. It is advantageous here that Zinnamalgame completely melt even at temperatures below 230 ° C. The expense of ensuring job security in the production of tin amalgam balls is therefore significantly lower than in the case of zinc amalgam balls.
  • amalgam spheres with diameters between 50 and 2000, preferably between 500 and 1500 microns are suitable.
  • the tendency of the amalgam beads to stick together can be inhibited if the balls are coated with a powder of a metal which forms an amalgam with mercury. Due to the amalgamation of the metal powder, a surface layer with a low mercury content is formed on the spheres, which no longer contains any liquid phases at the usual processing temperatures of the amalgam spheres and thus prevents the tendency to adhere to the untreated spheres.
  • the metal powder used for the coating should not contain particles with a grain diameter greater than 100 ⁇ m. Particles with larger grain diameters amalgamate only incomplete and lead to a rough surface of the balls, which makes it difficult to meter the balls. Preference is given to using a metal powder whose powder particles have a particle diameter of less than 80 ⁇ m. As suitable metals, tin and zinc have been found. Tin is preferred.
  • the balls can be presented, for example, in a rotating vessel and sprinkled with constant circulation with the metal powder until no sticking of the balls is more noticeable.
  • the following table shows calculated values for the total mass (Sn + Hg) and the mercury mass (Hg) of tin amalgam spheres as a function of the diameter of the spheres and for tin amalgams with mercury contents between 20 and 50 wt%.
  • the table also shows the densities ⁇ of the different amalgams used in the calculations.
  • amalgam spheres made from a SnHg50 containing 50% by weight of mercury contain about three times the mass of mercury, such as amalgam spheres made of SnHg20 with only 20% by weight of mercury.

Abstract

The spheres are made from tin amalgam with a mercury content in the range 30-70%. They are coated with a metal- or alloy powder, which forms an amalgam with mercury. The powder particle diameter is less than 100 mu m. The powder is tin, zinc or an alloy of tin or zinc. The spheres are coated with 10 wt% of the powder, based on their weight. In addition they are coated with 0.001 - 1 wt% of powdered metal oxide. The powder is tin or a tin alloy. It is alternatively an alloy of tin, silver and copper. The diameter of the spheres is 50-2000 mu m. To make them, the amalgam is completely melted and dripped into coolant, e.g. a silicon oil, at a temperature below the setting temperature of the amalgam. The spheres are then separated-out. The coolant is a mineral-, organic- or synthetic oil. Residual oil is removed from the spheres by de-greasing. At room temperature, under constant circulation, the spheres are coated with the powder, until they no longer stick together. In a further stage, they are similarly-coated with the metal oxide powder. An independent claim is included for the method of manufacturing the amalgam spheres.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Amalgamkugeln für die Einbringung von Quecksilber in moderne Energiesparlampen.The invention relates to amalgam beads for the introduction of mercury in modern energy-saving lamps.

Moderne Energiesparlampen vom TFL- (Tube Fluorescent Lamp) oder CFL-Typ (Compact Fluorescent Lamp) gehören zu den Niederdruck-Gasentladungslampen. Sie bestehen aus einem Gasentladungskolben, der mit einer Mischung aus Quecksilberdampf und Argon befüllt und innen mit einem fluoreszierenden Leuchtstoff beschichtet ist. Die im Betrieb emittierte Ultraviolettstrahlung des Quecksilbers wird von der Leuchtstoff-Beschichtung durch Fluoreszenz in sichtbares Licht umgewandelt. Die Lampen werden daher auch als Fluoreszenzlampen bezeichnet.Modern energy-saving lamps of the TFL (Tube Fluorescent Lamp) or CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lamp) type belong to the low-pressure gas discharge lamps. They consist of a gas discharge flask filled with a mixture of mercury vapor and argon and internally coated with a fluorescent phosphor. The ultraviolet radiation of mercury emitted during operation is converted from fluorescent coating to visible light by fluorescence. The lamps are therefore also referred to as fluorescent lamps.

Das für den Betrieb der Lampen benötigte Quecksilber wurde früher als flüssiges Metall in die Gasentladungskolben dosiert. Seit langem ist es jedoch bekannt, das Quecksilber in Form von Amalgamkugeln in die Gasentladungskolben einzubringen. Dies erleichtert die Handhabung des toxischen Quecksilbers und erhöht die Genauigkeit der Dosierung.The mercury required for the operation of the lamps was formerly metered as liquid metal into the gas discharge flask. For a long time, however, it has been known to introduce the mercury in the form of amalgam balls into the gas discharge pistons. This facilitates the handling of the toxic mercury and increases the accuracy of the dosage.

Die US 4,145,634 beschreibt die Verwendung von Amalgampellets mit 36 Atom-% Indium, die wegen des hohen Quecksilbergehalts schon bei Raumtemperatur hohe flüssige Anteile enthalten. Die Pellets neigen daher zum Verkleben, wenn sie untereinander Kontakt bekommen. Durch Beschichten der Pellets mit geeigneten Materialien in Pulverform kann das verhindert werden. Vorgeschlagen werden stabile Metalloxide (Titanoxid, Zirkonoxid, Siliziumdioxid, Magnesiumoxid und Aluminiumoxid), Graphit, Glaspulver, Phosphore, Borax, Antimonoxid und Metallpulver, die kein Amalgam mit Quecksilber bilden (Aluminium, Eisen und Chrom).The US 4,145,634 describes the use of Amalgampellets with 36 at% indium, which contain high liquid content even at room temperature because of the high mercury content. The pellets tend to stick together when they get in contact with each other. By coating the pellets with suitable materials in powder form, this can be prevented. Stable metal oxides (titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, silica, magnesia and alumina), graphite, glass powder, phosphors, borax, antimony oxide and metal powders that do not form an amalgam with mercury (aluminum, iron and chromium) are suggested.

Die WO 94/18692 beschreibt die Verwendung von Pellets aus Zinkamalgam mit 5 bis 60, bevorzugt 40 bis 60 Gew.%, Quecksilber. Zur Fertigung von sphäroidalen Amalgampellets wird das in der US 4,216,178 beschriebene Verfahren verwendet, bei dem das geschmolzene Amalgam durch eine zu Vibrationen angeregte Auslaufdüse in kleine Tropfen zerteilt und in einem Kühlmedium unter die Erstarrungstemperatur abgekühlt wird. Die Pellets werden gemäß der WO 94/18692 nicht beschichtet.The WO 94/18692 describes the use of pellets of zinc amalgam with 5 to 60, preferably 40 to 60 wt.%, of mercury. For the production of spheroid Amalgampellets is in the US 4,216,178 described method used in which the molten amalgam by a vibrated spout nozzle into small Drop is divided and cooled in a cooling medium below the solidification temperature. The pellets are in accordance with WO 94/18692 not coated.

Zur Herstellung von Amalgamkugeln aus der Schmelze muß das Amalgam auf eine Temperatur erwärmt werden, bei der das Amalgam vollständig aufgeschmolzen ist. Das ist bei einem Zinkamalgam erst bei einer Temperatur oberhalb von 420 °C mit Sicherheit gewährleistet. Diese hohen Verarbeitungstemperaturen machen wegen des damit verbundenen hohen Dampfdrucks von Quecksilber entsprechende Sicherheitsvorkehrungen wegen der Toxizität des Quecksilbers notwendig.For the production of amalgam balls from the melt, the amalgam must be heated to a temperature at which the amalgam is completely melted. This is guaranteed with a zinc amalgam only at a temperature above 420 ° C with certainty. These high processing temperatures necessitate corresponding safety precautions because of the high mercury vapor pressure due to the toxicity of the mercury.

Die JP 2000251836 beschreibt für die Herstellung von Fluoreszenzlampen die Verwendung von Amalgampellets aus Zinnamalgam. Das Zinnamalgam weist bevorzugt nur einen geringen Quecksilbergehalt auf mit einem Zinn/Quecksilber-Atomverhältnis zwischen 90-80 : 10-20. Dies entspricht einem Quecksilbergehalt von 15,8 bis 29,7 Gew.-%. Die JP 2000251836 macht keine Angaben darüber, wie aus dem Amalgam kugelförmige Pellets hergestellt werden.The JP 2000251836 describes the use of amalgam cells of tin amalgam for the production of fluorescent lamps. The tin amalgam preferably has only a low mercury content with a tin / mercury atomic ratio of between 90-80: 10-20. This corresponds to a mercury content of 15.8 to 29.7 wt .-%. The JP 2000251836 Does not give any information about how the amalgam spherical pellets are made.

Nachteilig bei dem in der JP 2000251836 beschriebenen Zinnamalgam ist der geringe Quecksilbergehalt. Das macht relativ große Amalgamkugeln notwendig, wenn eine bestimmte Menge von Quecksilber in die Entladungslampen eingebracht werden soll. Wegen der auch bei Energiesparlampen zunehmenden Miniaturisierung kann dies zu Problemen bei der Konstruktion und Fertigung der Lampen führen.A disadvantage of the in the JP 2000251836 Zinnamalgam described is the low mercury content. This makes relatively large amalgam balls necessary if a certain amount of mercury is to be introduced into the discharge lamps. Because of the increasing miniaturization even in energy-saving lamps, this can lead to problems in the design and manufacture of the lamps.

Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, Amalgamkugeln aus Zinnamalgam zur Verfügung zu stellen, die einen hohen Quecksilbergehalt aufweisen und ohne Gefährdung der menschlichen Gesundheit sicher gelagert und bei der Herstellung von Energiesparlampen eingesetzt werden können.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide amalgam balls of Zinnamalgam available, which have a high mercury content and can be safely stored without risk to human health and used in the production of energy-saving lamps.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch Amalgamkugeln aus einem Zinnamalgam, welches einen Quecksilbergehalt zwischen 30 und 70 Gew.-% aufweist. Bevorzugt weisen die Amalgamkugeln einen Quecksilbergehalt von 30 bis 60 und insbesondere von 40 bis 55 Gew.-% auf.This object is achieved by amalgam balls of a Zinnamalgam, which has a mercury content between 30 and 70 wt .-%. The amalgam spheres preferably have a mercury content of from 30 to 60 and in particular from 40 to 55% by weight.

Die Kugeln können nach einem in der EP 1381485 B1 beschriebenen Verfahren aus einer Schmelze des Amalgams hergestellt werden. Hierzu wird das vollständig aufgeschmolzene Amalgam in ein Kühlmedium mit einer Temperatur unterhalb der Erstarrungstemperatur des Amalgams eingetropft. Vorteilhaft ist hierbei, daß Zinnamalgame schon bei Temperaturen unterhalb von 230 °C vollständig aufschmelzen. Der Aufwand für die Gewährleistung der Arbeitsplatzsicherheit bei der Herstellung der Zinnamalgam-Kugeln ist daher deutlich geringer als im Falle der Zinkamalgam-Kugeln.The balls can look like one in the EP 1381485 B1 described method are prepared from a melt of the amalgam. This is completely melted Amalgam dripped into a cooling medium with a temperature below the solidification temperature of the amalgam. It is advantageous here that Zinnamalgame completely melt even at temperatures below 230 ° C. The expense of ensuring job security in the production of tin amalgam balls is therefore significantly lower than in the case of zinc amalgam balls.

Für die Zwecke der Erfindung sind Amalgamkugeln mit Durchmessern zwischen 50 und 2000, bevorzugt zwischen 500 und 1500 µm geeignet.For the purposes of the invention amalgam spheres with diameters between 50 and 2000, preferably between 500 and 1500 microns are suitable.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß auf der Oberfläche der so hergestellten Amalgamkugeln flüssige Phasen auftreten, so daß die Kugeln bei Lagerung und Handhabung miteinander verkleben, wenn keine Maßnahmen dagegen unternommen werden. Das Verkleben kann zum Beispiel verhindert werden, wenn die Amalgamkugeln bei Temperaturen unter 8 °C gelagert und verarbeitet werden. Für die Lagerung wird eine Temperatur von -18 °C bevorzugt.It has been found that liquid phases occur on the surface of the amalgam beads thus produced, so that the balls stick together during storage and handling, if no measures are taken against it. Bonding can be prevented, for example, if the amalgam balls are stored and processed at temperatures below 8 ° C. For storage, a temperature of -18 ° C is preferred.

Die Neigung der Amalgamkugeln zum Verkleben kann unterbunden werden, wenn die Kugeln mit einem Pulver eines Metalls beschichtet werden, welches mit Quecksilber ein Amalgam bildet. Durch die Amalgamierung des Metallpulvers bildet sich auf den Kugeln eine Oberflächenschicht mit einem geringen Quecksilbergehalt aus, die bei den üblichen Verarbeitungstemperaturen der Amalgamkugeln keine flüssigen Phasen mehr enthält und somit die Klebeneigung gegenüber den unbehandelten Kugeln unterbindet.The tendency of the amalgam beads to stick together can be inhibited if the balls are coated with a powder of a metal which forms an amalgam with mercury. Due to the amalgamation of the metal powder, a surface layer with a low mercury content is formed on the spheres, which no longer contains any liquid phases at the usual processing temperatures of the amalgam spheres and thus prevents the tendency to adhere to the untreated spheres.

Das für die Beschichtung eingesetzte Metallpulver sollte keine Teilchen mit einem Korndurchmesser größer als 100 µm enthalten. Teilchen mit größeren Korndurchmessern amalgamieren nur unvollständig und führen zu einer rauhen Oberfläche der Kugeln, die eine Dosierung der Kugeln erschwert. Bevorzugt wird eine Metallpulver verwendet, dessen Pulverteilchen einen Korndurchmesser von kleiner als 80 µm aufweisen. Als geeignete Metalle haben sich Zinn und Zink erwiesen. Zinn ist dabei bevorzugt.The metal powder used for the coating should not contain particles with a grain diameter greater than 100 μm. Particles with larger grain diameters amalgamate only incomplete and lead to a rough surface of the balls, which makes it difficult to meter the balls. Preference is given to using a metal powder whose powder particles have a particle diameter of less than 80 μm. As suitable metals, tin and zinc have been found. Tin is preferred.

Zur Beschichtung der Amalgamkugeln mit dem Metallpulver können die Kugeln zum Beispiel in einem rotierenden Kessel vorgelegt und unter ständigem Umwälzen mit dem Metallpulver bestreut werden, bis kein Verkleben der Kugeln mehr feststellbar ist.For coating the amalgam balls with the metal powder, the balls can be presented, for example, in a rotating vessel and sprinkled with constant circulation with the metal powder until no sticking of the balls is more noticeable.

Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung dient die folgende Tabelle. Sie zeigt berechnete Werte für die Gesamtmasse (Sn+Hg) und die Quecksilbermasse (Hg) von Zinnamalgam-Kugeln in Abhängigkeit vom Durchmesser der Kugeln und für Zinnamalgame mit Quecksilbergehalten zwischen 20 und 50 Gew.-%. In der Tabelle sind außerdem die Dichten ρ der verschiedenen Amalgame angegeben, wie sie für die Berechnungen verwendet wurden.To further explain the invention, the following table is used. It shows calculated values for the total mass (Sn + Hg) and the mercury mass (Hg) of tin amalgam spheres as a function of the diameter of the spheres and for tin amalgams with mercury contents between 20 and 50 wt%. The table also shows the densities ρ of the different amalgams used in the calculations.

Durch Verwendung von Zinnamalgam mit hohen Quecksilbergehalten kann mit Kugeln gleichen Durchmessers deutlich mehr Quecksilber in die Gasentladungskolben eingebracht werden als mit einem Zinnamalgam mit geringem Quecksilbergehalt von nur 20 Gew.-%. So enthalten Amalgamkugeln aus einem SnHg50 mit 50 Gew.-% Quecksilber etwa die dreifache Masse an Quecksilber wie Amalgamkugeln aus SnHg20 mit nur 20 Gew.-% Quecksilber. SnHg20 SnHg30 SnHg40 SnHg50 ρ = 8,05 g/cm3 ρ = 8,48 g/cm3 ρ = 8,96 g/cm3 ρ = 9,5 g/cm3 ⌀ Sn+Hg Hg Sn+Hg Hg Sn+Hg Hg Sn+Hg Hg [mm] [mg] [mg] [mg] [mg] [mg] [mg] [mg] [mg] 0,70 1,45 0,29 1,5 0,46 1,6 0,64 1,7 0,85 0,80 2,16 0,43 2,3 0,68 2,4 0,96 2,5 1,27 0,90 3,07 0,61 3,2 0,97 3,4 1,37 3,6 1,81 1,00 4,21 0,84 4,4 1,33 4,7 1,88 5,0 2,49 1,10 5,61 1,12 5,9 1,77 6,2 2,50 6,6 3,31 1,20 7,28 1,46 7,7 2,30 8,1 3,24 8,6 4,30 1,30 9,26 1,85 9,7 2,92 10,3 4,12 10,9 5,46 1,40 11,56 2,31 12,2 3,65 12,9 5,15 13,6 6,82 1,50 14,22 2,84 15,0 4,49 15,8 6,33 16,8 8,39 By using tin amalgam with high mercury contents, significantly more mercury can be introduced into the gas discharge flask with balls of the same diameter than with a tin amalgam with a low mercury content of only 20% by weight. Thus, amalgam spheres made from a SnHg50 containing 50% by weight of mercury contain about three times the mass of mercury, such as amalgam spheres made of SnHg20 with only 20% by weight of mercury. SnHg20 SnHg30 SnHg40 SnHg50 ρ = 8.05 g / cm 3 ρ = 8.48 g / cm 3 ρ = 8.96 g / cm 3 ρ = 9.5 g / cm 3 ⌀ Sn + Hg hg Sn + Hg hg Sn + Hg hg Sn + Hg hg [Mm] [Mg] [Mg] [Mg] [Mg] [Mg] [Mg] [Mg] [Mg] 0.70 1.45 0.29 1.5 0.46 1.6 0.64 1.7 0.85 0.80 2.16 0.43 2.3 0.68 2.4 0.96 2.5 1.27 0.90 3.07 0.61 3.2 0.97 3.4 1.37 3.6 1.81 1.00 4.21 0.84 4.4 1.33 4.7 1.88 5.0 2.49 1.10 5.61 1.12 5.9 1.77 6.2 2.50 6.6 3.31 1.20 7.28 1.46 7.7 2.30 8.1 3.24 8.6 4.30 1.30 9.26 1.85 9.7 2.92 10.3 4.12 10.9 5.46 1.40 11.56 2.31 12.2 3.65 12.9 5.15 13.6 6.82 1.50 14.22 2.84 15.0 4.49 15.8 6.33 16.8 8.39

Claims (4)

  1. Amalgam spheres for fluorescent lamps, characterized in that the amalgam spheres contain a tin amalgam having a mercury content in the range from 40 to 55 % by weight.
  2. Amalgam spheres according to claim 1, characterized in that the amalgam spheres exhibit an diameter from 50 to 2000 µm.
  3. Method for producing amalgam spheres according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the amalgam is melted entirely and the melt is introduced dropwise into a cooling medium having a temperature below the solidification temperature of the amalgam.
  4. Use of the amalgam spheres according to any of claims 1 to 3 for the production of fluorescent lamps.
EP07008717A 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 Amalgam globules for energy saving lamps and their manufacture Not-in-force EP1985717B1 (en)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT07008717T ATE514797T1 (en) 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 AMALGAM BALLS FOR ENERGY SAVING LAMPS AND THEIR PRODUCTION
PL07008717T PL1985717T3 (en) 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 Amalgam globules for energy saving lamps and their manufacture
EP07008717A EP1985717B1 (en) 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 Amalgam globules for energy saving lamps and their manufacture
CN2013101061972A CN103194638A (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Amalgam globules for energy saving lamps and their manufacture
EP08736446A EP2145028B1 (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and the manufacture thereof
DE502008000912T DE502008000912D1 (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 AMALGAMIC BALLS FOR ENERGY SAVING LAMPS AND THEIR MANUFACTURE
PCT/EP2008/054839 WO2008132089A1 (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and the manufacture thereof
CN2008800124670A CN101960027B (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and the manufacture thereof
AT08736446T ATE473307T1 (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 AMALGAM BALLS FOR ENERGY SAVING LAMPS AND THEIR PRODUCTION
JP2010504659A JP5193285B2 (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Amalgam balls for energy-saving lamps and their manufacture
PL08736446T PL2145028T3 (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and the manufacture thereof
US12/595,762 US8497622B2 (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and the manufacture thereof
JP2012273008A JP5599449B2 (en) 2007-04-28 2012-12-14 Amalgam balls for energy-saving lamps and their manufacture
US13/929,096 US9324555B2 (en) 2007-04-28 2013-06-27 Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and their production

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07008717A EP1985717B1 (en) 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 Amalgam globules for energy saving lamps and their manufacture

Publications (2)

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EP1985717A1 EP1985717A1 (en) 2008-10-29
EP1985717B1 true EP1985717B1 (en) 2011-06-29

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EP07008717A Not-in-force EP1985717B1 (en) 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 Amalgam globules for energy saving lamps and their manufacture
EP08736446A Not-in-force EP2145028B1 (en) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and the manufacture thereof

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US (2) US8497622B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1985717B1 (en)
JP (2) JP5193285B2 (en)
CN (2) CN101960027B (en)
AT (2) ATE514797T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502008000912D1 (en)
PL (2) PL1985717T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2008132089A1 (en)

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DE202011110608U1 (en) 2011-03-09 2015-02-23 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg alloys
EP2975143B1 (en) 2011-03-09 2018-12-19 SAXONIA Technical Materials GmbH Process for the manufacture of amalgamballs
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Also Published As

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JP2013069700A (en) 2013-04-18
JP2010527097A (en) 2010-08-05
US9324555B2 (en) 2016-04-26
CN103194638A (en) 2013-07-10
EP1985717A1 (en) 2008-10-29
DE502008000912D1 (en) 2010-08-19
CN101960027B (en) 2013-05-01
ATE473307T1 (en) 2010-07-15
ATE514797T1 (en) 2011-07-15
WO2008132089A1 (en) 2008-11-06
EP2145028B1 (en) 2010-07-07
JP5599449B2 (en) 2014-10-01
PL2145028T3 (en) 2010-12-31
PL1985717T3 (en) 2011-11-30
US20140009059A1 (en) 2014-01-09
US20100130092A1 (en) 2010-05-27
CN101960027A (en) 2011-01-26
US8497622B2 (en) 2013-07-30
JP5193285B2 (en) 2013-05-08
EP2145028A1 (en) 2010-01-20

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