EP1985687A1 - Procédé et installation de production d'énergie thermique utilisant de la glycérine brute comme carburant dans une chaudière - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de production d'énergie thermique utilisant de la glycérine brute comme carburant dans une chaudière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1985687A1
EP1985687A1 EP07425235A EP07425235A EP1985687A1 EP 1985687 A1 EP1985687 A1 EP 1985687A1 EP 07425235 A EP07425235 A EP 07425235A EP 07425235 A EP07425235 A EP 07425235A EP 1985687 A1 EP1985687 A1 EP 1985687A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler
tubes
convector
furnace
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07425235A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paolo Lucarno
Giorgio Mazzanti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Energy Biosystem Srl
Original Assignee
Energy Biosystem Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energy Biosystem Srl filed Critical Energy Biosystem Srl
Priority to EP07425235A priority Critical patent/EP1985687A1/fr
Publication of EP1985687A1 publication Critical patent/EP1985687A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • F23J3/023—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys cleaning the fireside of watertubes in boilers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/008—Adaptations for flue gas purification in steam generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/008—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for liquid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves

Definitions

  • glycerol also known as glycerine. It occurs in vegetable oils at the level of approximately 10% by weight.
  • oils and/or fats, rich in triglycerides are mixed with an alcohol, such as methanol and a base such as potassium or sodium hydroxide, resulting in a methyl ester biodiesel stream and a glycerine side-stream.
  • This glycerine side-stream contains a mixture of at least 60 % glycerol (typically 85-92%), methanol, water, inorganic salts (2-10%), free fatty acids, unreacted glycerides, methyl esters and a variety of other organic matter (typically 1-4%).
  • the methanol may be stripped from the stream and reused, leaving behind, after neutralisation, what is known as crude glycerine.
  • crude glycerine will thus designate a mixture containing a minimum quantity of 60 % of glycerol, between 2-10 % inorganic salts, and a variety of organic matter, which may include free fatty acids, mono-, di, and triglycerides, methyl esters, methanol and water.
  • crude glycerine has a high salt and free fatty acid content and substantial colour (yellow to dark brown). Consequently, crude glycerine has few direct uses due to the presence of the salt and other species, and its fuel value is also very low.
  • Refining of the crude glycerine depends on the economy of production scale, and/or the availability of a glycerine purification facility. Larger scale biodiesel producers refine their crude glycerine and move it to markets in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. It is generally treated and refined through filtration, chemical additions and fractional vacuum distillation to yield the various commercial grades such as dynamite grade, yellow distilled grade, and chemically pure grade. It can also be refined by less energy intensive methods of filtration, through a series of ion exchange resins. Small to moderate scale producers who cannot justify the high cost of purification find crude glycerine utilisation or disposal to be a problem.
  • the aim of the present invention is to overcome the above problem. This aim is achieved by a process, according to process claim 1, and by an installation, according to installation claim 8.
  • the saline components are separated continuously from the other products of combustion of the crude glycerine at the same time as the processes of thermal exchanges take place in the boiler.
  • the installation to implement this process comprises a boiler, said boiler comprising at least
  • the process according to the invention results in producing heat and/or steam by means of the thermal exchanges of the main stream of combustion gases with coolant fluids and in producing a side-stream of alkaline carbonate powder. Disposal or reuse of such a carbonate powder by-product does not present any problem.
  • saline components i.e. carbonate
  • thermal exchanging means of the boiler set down at the bottom of the compartments of the boiler that shelter the thermal exchanging means.
  • a part of the saline components which is depositing on the thermal exchanging means is detached there from by means of vibrations, so as to deposit at the bottom of the compartments, and taken off there from by transport means.
  • the saline components which are not set down at bottoms of compartments are carried to and retained by filter means arranged downstream the boiler.
  • the installation generally designated by 1, comprises a burner 2, which is fed with crude glycerine and air under pressure.
  • the crude glycerine is brought to the burner of the boiler at a temperature above its temperature of inflammability and lower than the temperature of acrolein formation.
  • the crude glycerine is preheated to a temperature comprised between 140° C. and 170° C.
  • the exit nozzle 3 of the burner is designed to mechanically atomise the glycerine/air mixture and to expel it horizontally.
  • This part of the burner is fit with a horizontal cylindrical surrounding muffle 4 with inner walls made of refractory material, conformed so that the saline components are swept along by the gases of combustion without depositing on the burner or on the inner walls of the muffle.
  • the dimensions of the muffle are calculated so that the exit temperature of the combustion gases leaving the muffle are of between 1300 and 1700° C, in particular about 1550-1650°C, which is much higher than the melting temperature of sodium carbonate.
  • the combustion gases enter a furnace 5, which may comprise one or several compartments, depending on the overall size of the installation 1.
  • the inner walls of the furnace are constituted of refractory materials.
  • These one or several compartments of the furnace 5 are equipped with steel tubes 6 for the circulation of a fluid coolant, arranged along the inner walls of the compartments, recovering radiating heat from the flow of combustion gases.
  • the tubes 6 inside the furnace are suspended and arranged substantially straight up on a major part of their length, and are provided with a hammer actuated vibrator system permitting to strike and vibrate the tubes 6, for detaching alkaline carbonate which may deposit thereon.
  • Further heat exchanger tube portions 13 may be arranged within the refractory walls.
  • the convector has a substantially rectangular housing and may comprise one or several compartments, depending on the overall size of the installation.
  • the inner walls of the convector are constituted of refractory material.
  • the convector is fit with a system of steel tubes 8 for the circulation of a fluid coolant, which are arranged in groups and transversely to the flow direction of the combustion gases.
  • the tubes 8 of the convector are suspended and arranged substantially straight up on a major part of their length and are provided with a hammer actuated vibrator system permitting to vibrate the tubes of the convector for detaching sodium carbonate, that accumulates thereon.
  • the boiler shown in figure 1 comprises an economizer 9 downstream of the convector and upstream of the exit filter for enhancing the energy recovering rate.
  • the construction of the economizer is similar to the construction of the convector: the economizer comprises a system of steel tubes 15 for the circulation of a fluid.
  • the tubes of the economizer are suspended and arranged substantially straight up on a major part of their length and are provided with a hammer actuated vibrator system to vibrate the tubes of the economizer.
  • the economizer may be omitted, whereby diminishing the construction costs.
  • the fluid coolants circulating in the tubes 6, 8 of the convector and the furnace are chosen among oils boiling at high temperature, the recovery of energy being achieved by the elevation of the temperature of the oil, and the circulating fluid in the tubes of the economizer is pressurized water, for the production of vapour.
  • the filtration unit Downstream of the economizer, there is a filtration unit 10.
  • the filtration unit is comprised of two compartments mounted parallel, each of them housing a bag filter system 16 whose construction is known in the art and whose filtrating surface is sufficient for filtering the cooled down combustion gases and smoke, and for retaining the remaining solid particles of alkaline carbonate.
  • the two compartments are alternately emptied and cleaned.
  • blower 11 Downstream of the filtration unit is a blower 11, which takes up the gas exiting the filtration unit, and which sends the same into an outlet chimney 12.
  • the bottoms of the compartments of the furnace 5, the convector 7, the economizer 9 and the filtration unit 10 are equipped with hoppers 14.
  • the accumulating carbonate powder is periodically taken off and transported away by well-known conveyor systems, for example an Archimedean screw.
  • the design of the muffle provides for a high speed of the burning gas mixture and a high temperature inside the muffle even in this transient phase. Nevertheless, the temperature in the furnace in this phase is still not very elevated, and until it exceeds 670° K., the major part of the carbonate deposits in the furnace. With increasing temperature, more and more carbonate deposits within the following successive compartments of the convector, and thereafter of the economizer.
  • no carbonate deposits in the furnace typically about 20% of the total carbonate deposits on and under the groups of tubes of the convector, and about 60% sets in the economizer. The remaining about 20% are entrained by the fumes and captured by the bag filters of the filtration unit.
  • a glycerine firing boiler comprises:
  • the furnace and convector heat exchange systems are fed with oil of the type Santotherm 66.
  • the heat exchange system of the economizer is fed with about 13'000 kg/hour water at 100° C. under a pressure of 19 bar.
  • the burner is fed with 1800 kg/hour crude glycerine and 12'500 kg/hour air.
  • the mixture In the stationary, operative phase, upon burning, the mixture produces about 13'900 kg/hour combustion gases at 1635° C.
  • the combustion reactions are substantially complete, due to the oxygen excess imput.
  • the gases enter the first furnace compartment at a speed of about 2.2 m/second.
  • the gases leave the second furnace compartment at a temperature of about 880° C., whereas the temperature of the coolant oil increases from 268 to 297° C., thereby recovering about 3420 MCal / hour.
  • the combustion gases leave the third furnace compartment at 689° C., whereas the temperature of the coolant oil increases from 261 to 268° C., recovering about 810 MCal / hour
  • the combustion gases enter the first convector at 689° C. and leave it at 481°C.whereas the coolant oil temperature increases from 254 to 261°C.
  • the combustion gases leave the second convector compartment at 372° C., whereas the coolant oil temperature increases from 250° C. to 254°C.
  • the energy recovery in the convector is of about 1260 MCal / hour.
  • the gases enter the economizer at 372° C. and leave the economizer and the chimney at 153° C.
  • the temperature of the water increases from 100°C to 160° C.
  • the global energy efficiency of the installation, including heat recovery through the coolant oil and through the overheated water is of about 90%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
EP07425235A 2007-04-20 2007-04-20 Procédé et installation de production d'énergie thermique utilisant de la glycérine brute comme carburant dans une chaudière Withdrawn EP1985687A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07425235A EP1985687A1 (fr) 2007-04-20 2007-04-20 Procédé et installation de production d'énergie thermique utilisant de la glycérine brute comme carburant dans une chaudière

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07425235A EP1985687A1 (fr) 2007-04-20 2007-04-20 Procédé et installation de production d'énergie thermique utilisant de la glycérine brute comme carburant dans une chaudière

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EP1985687A1 true EP1985687A1 (fr) 2008-10-29

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110296953A1 (en) * 2010-06-08 2011-12-08 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Method of Co-Firing Raw Glycerin in a Melting Furnace
CN104132547A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2014-11-05 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 提高钢珠运输斗运输效率的钢珠除尘式矿热炉余热锅炉
CN104132545A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2014-11-05 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 防止钢珠丢失的钢珠除尘式矿热炉余热锅炉
CN104132548A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2014-11-05 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 钢珠除尘式矿热炉余热锅炉
US20160362353A1 (en) * 2014-02-24 2016-12-15 Biochemtex S.P.A. Integrated process for producing cellulosic pulp and polyols stream

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU443245A1 (ru) * 1972-06-06 1974-09-15 Ремонтно-Наладочное Предприятие "Краснодарэнергоремонт" Устройство дл предотвращени образовани накипи в паровых котлах
WO1992001197A1 (fr) * 1990-07-03 1992-01-23 Vølund Miljøteknik A/S Procede et appareil d'incineration de divers types de dechets solides et eventuellement liquides
US5238055A (en) * 1992-05-13 1993-08-24 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Field adjustable rapper tie bar
JP2004156836A (ja) * 2002-11-07 2004-06-03 Meidensha Corp 廃植物油の再利用システム
US20060120933A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-06-08 Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc Method and apparatus for oil shale pollutant sorption/NOx reburning multi-pollutant control
WO2006086814A2 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Georg Michael Ickinger Remplacement du mazout fossile par des combustibles liquides renouvelables, procede, mesures et dispositifs pour adapter des installations de chauffage et de combustion
EP1698681A1 (fr) * 2003-11-27 2006-09-06 Revo International Inc. Procede de production d'huile combustible pour diesel a partir de graisse

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU443245A1 (ru) * 1972-06-06 1974-09-15 Ремонтно-Наладочное Предприятие "Краснодарэнергоремонт" Устройство дл предотвращени образовани накипи в паровых котлах
WO1992001197A1 (fr) * 1990-07-03 1992-01-23 Vølund Miljøteknik A/S Procede et appareil d'incineration de divers types de dechets solides et eventuellement liquides
US5238055A (en) * 1992-05-13 1993-08-24 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Field adjustable rapper tie bar
JP2004156836A (ja) * 2002-11-07 2004-06-03 Meidensha Corp 廃植物油の再利用システム
EP1698681A1 (fr) * 2003-11-27 2006-09-06 Revo International Inc. Procede de production d'huile combustible pour diesel a partir de graisse
US20060120933A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-06-08 Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc Method and apparatus for oil shale pollutant sorption/NOx reburning multi-pollutant control
WO2006086814A2 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Georg Michael Ickinger Remplacement du mazout fossile par des combustibles liquides renouvelables, procede, mesures et dispositifs pour adapter des installations de chauffage et de combustion

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
R.PATZER, AGRICULTURAL UTILIZATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE: "Stack Emissions Evaluation: Combustion of Crude Glycerin and Yellow Grease in an Industrial Fire Tube Boiler", 13 April 2007 (2007-04-13), XP002453168, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.auri.org/research/Glycerin%20Report%20Final.pdf> [retrieved on 20070928] *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110296953A1 (en) * 2010-06-08 2011-12-08 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Method of Co-Firing Raw Glycerin in a Melting Furnace
US20160362353A1 (en) * 2014-02-24 2016-12-15 Biochemtex S.P.A. Integrated process for producing cellulosic pulp and polyols stream
CN104132547A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2014-11-05 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 提高钢珠运输斗运输效率的钢珠除尘式矿热炉余热锅炉
CN104132545A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2014-11-05 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 防止钢珠丢失的钢珠除尘式矿热炉余热锅炉
CN104132548A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2014-11-05 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 钢珠除尘式矿热炉余热锅炉
CN104132547B (zh) * 2014-07-01 2016-02-10 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 提高钢珠运输斗运输效率的钢珠除尘式矿热炉余热锅炉
CN104132548B (zh) * 2014-07-01 2016-04-06 宁夏天纵泓光余热发电技术有限公司 钢珠除尘式矿热炉余热锅炉

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