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Definitions

• the present invention relates to sulfonamide derivatives, process for their preparation and their use in therapy.
• Orexins A and B are hypothalamic neuropeptides of 33 and 28 amino acids respectively, recently identified as the endogenous ligands of two receptors with seven transmembrane domains, called orexin 1 and orexin 2 receptors (Sakurai T. , CeII, Vol 92, 573-585, 1998; De Lecea L., Proc Natl Acad ScL, Vol 95, 322-327, 1998).
• the orexin 2 receptor has the property of recognizing both forms of orexin A and B in an equivalent manner.
• the orexin 1 receptor which has 64% homology with the orexin 2 receptor, is more selective and binds orexin A ten times better than orexin B (Sakurai T., CeII, Vol 92, 573- 585, 1998). Via these receptors, orexins control various central and peripheral functions, including food and drink intake, certain cardiovascular endocrine functions and the wake / sleep cycle (Sakurai T., Regulatory Peptides, Vol 85, 25-30, 1999). ).
• a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from a group:
• an aryloxy said aryl may be substituted with one or more groups selected from: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
• aryl said aryl may be substituted with one or more groups selected from: a halogen atom, a (CrC 4 ) alkyl, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
• R b represents a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, an aryl group, said aryl group being optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from: a halogen atom, a C r C 4 ) alkyl, a
• R c and R d represent, independently of each other: a hydrogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, or form with the nitrogen atom which connects them to a heterocyclyl;
• R e may represent a hydrogen, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl
• an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a cyano, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, a fluoro (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy; a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
• an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C r C 4 ) alkyl, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy, a fluoro (Ci-C 4) alkyl, fluoro (Ci-C 4) alkoxy;
• heterocyclyl group optionally substituted with a halogen atom, a (CrC 4 ) alkyl, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
• an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, a (C 1 -C 4) alkoxy; a heterocyclyl group, optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy, a fluoro (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, a fluoro (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy; base, acid addition salt, hydrate or solvate, as enantiomers, diastereoisomers, rotamers, atropoisomers or mixtures thereof.
• a second group of compounds of general formula (I) in which:
• R ' represents:
• a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from a group:
• an aryloxy said aryl may be substituted with one or more groups selected from: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
• aryl said aryl may be substituted with one or more groups; selected from: a halogen atom, a (CrC 4 ) alkyl, a (CrC 4 ) alkoxy;
• R b represents an aryl group, said aryl group being optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from: a halogen atom, a (CrC 4 ) alkyl, a (CiC 4 ) alkoxy, a carboxylic acid;
• R 0 and R d represent, independently of each other: a hydrogen atom or a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, or form with the nitrogen atom which connects them to a heterocyclyl;
• R ⁇ may represent a hydrogen, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl
• a phenyl or a naphthyl optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy; a heterocyclyl group, especially pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl, said heterocycle group being optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy; "T is
• a phenyl or a naphthyl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (CrC 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
• heterocyclyl group especially pyridinyl, optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
• Ar 3 represents a phenyl or a naphthyl, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a (CrC 4 ) alkyl, (CrC 4 ) alkoxy;
• heterocyclyl group especially pyridinyl or furanyl, optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group; base, acid addition salt, hydrate or solvate, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, rotamers, atropoisomers or mixtures thereof.
• - R represents: - a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from a group:
• an aryloxy said aryl may be substituted by one or more groups selected from: a halogen atom, a (CrC 4 ) alkyl, a (CrC 4 ) alkoxy;
• aryl said aryl may be substituted by one or more groups selected from: a halogen atom, a (CrC 4 ) alkyl, a (CrC 4 ) alkoxy;
• R b is an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more carboxylic acid groups
• R b is an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more carboxylic acid groups
• R c and R d represent, independently of each other: a hydrogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, or form with the nitrogen atom which connects a heterocyclyl; . a heterocyclyl group;
• R 6 may represent a hydrogen, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl
• a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy; a pyridinyl group, said pyridinyl group being optionally substituted with a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl;
• Ar 2 represents a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy ;
• a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
• a pyridinyl or furanyl group said groups optionally being substituted with a hydroxyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group; base, acid addition salt, hydrate or solvate, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, rotamers, atropoisomers or mixtures thereof.
• a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl a saturated, linear or branched aliphatic group comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl; an optionally substituted (CrC 4 ) alkyl: an alkyl group as defined above in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted with a substituent; when several hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluors, a perfluoroalkyl such as -CF 3 or C 2 F 5 ;
• (C 1 -C 4) alkoxy a radical (CrC 4) alkyl-O- where the (Ci-C 4) alkyl is as defined above, e.g., methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, l isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy;
• halogen atom a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom
• an aryl group a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic group comprising between 6 and 10 carbon atoms, for example phenyl or naphthyl.
• the aryl group may optionally be substituted with 1, 2, 3 or 4 substituents;
• a heterocyclyl group a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic monocyclic group comprising between 4 and 7 atoms and comprising from 1 to 2 heteroatoms chosen from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur.
• azetidine, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, thienyl and pyrimidinyl may be mentioned; furanyl; morpholine.
• the compounds of general formula (I) may comprise one or more asymmetric carbons. They can therefore exist as enantiomers or diastereoisomers. These enantiomers, diastereoisomers, as well as their mixtures, including racemic mixtures, form part of the invention.
• the compounds of general formula (I) can also exist in the form of rotamers.
• rotamers are understood to mean compounds which have identical developed formulas but different fixed spatial conformations. These differences in the fixed spatial conformations of these compounds may give them different physicochemical properties and, even in some cases, different biological activities.
• the compounds of general formula (I) may still exist in the form of atropoisomers.
• the atropoisomers are compounds of identical developed formulas, but which have a particular spatial configuration, resulting from a restricted rotation around a single bond, due to a steric hindrance important on both sides of this simple link.
• Atropioisomerism is independent of the presence of stereogenic elements, such as asymmetric carbon.
• the compounds of formula (I) may exist in the form of bases or addition salts with acids. Such addition salts are part of the invention.
• salts are advantageously prepared with pharmaceutically acceptable acids, but the salts of other acids that are useful, for example, for the purification or separation of the compounds of general formula (I) are also part of the invention.
• the compounds of general formula (I) may, in addition, be in the form of hydrates or solvates, namely in the form of combinations or combinations with one or more water molecules or with a solvent. Such hydrates and solvates are also part of the invention.
• the present invention also relates to the process for preparing the compounds of general formula (I).
• the compounds of general formula (I) can be prepared by the process illustrated in Scheme 1. According to this scheme, the compounds of formula (I) can be obtained by condensation in basic medium of an epoxide of formula (X ) on the compounds of formula (II).
• the base used may be a phosphazene, for example 1- [N- (tert-butyl) -P, P-dipyrrolidin-1-ylphosphorimidoyl] pyrrolidine; This reaction is an adaptation of the method described by KARAT.L.D. and coll
• Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 , and T are as defined in formula (I).
• the 2-nitro benzaldehyde derivatives of formula (VT) react with organometallic compounds of formula (VTI) in which M represents a MgBr, MgI 1 ZnI or Li group to give compounds of formula (VTII).
• the nitro function of the compounds of formula (VIII) is then reduced by hydrogenation, for example, under the action of tin metal and concentrated hydrochloric acid in ethanol, to give the compounds of formula (IIIb).
• the derivatives of formula (IUb) are reduced by the action of hydrides, for example by a mixture of triethylsilane and trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane to give derivatives of formula
• organometallic compounds of formula (VII) are commercial, or formed according to the conventional methods described in the literature.
• nitrobenzaldehydes of formula (VI) are commercially available or may be prepared, for example, according to an adaptation of the method described by J. Kenneth Horner et al., J. Med. Chem., 1968, 11; 5; 946.
• the anilines of formula (IX) are condensed with benzonitriles of formula (XII), in the presence of Lewis acid, for example boron trichloride with aluminum trichloride or with gallium trichloride for give the compounds of formula (UIf) 3 according to the method described by T. Sugasawa et al JACS1978; 100; 4842.
• the compounds of formula (IIIf) can also be obtained by condensation of aminobenzonitriles (XI) with organometallic derivatives (VII) followed by acid hydrolysis, according to the method described by R. Fryer et al., J. Heterocycl .
• Another method for preparing the compounds of formula (HIb) consists in condensing anilines of formula (IX) on benzaldehyde derivatives of formula (XIII) in the presence of phenyl-dichloroborane and triethylamine according to the process described by T. Toyoda et al., Tel Lett, 1980, 21, 173. It should be noted that the compounds of formula (IIIf) under the action of triethylsilane and trifluoroacetic acid, for example, can lead to compounds of formula (HIa).
• nitrophenyls of formula (XVII) are condensed on aromatic chloro methyl heterocyclyls of formula (XVIII) in the presence of a base, for example potassium tert-butoxide, to give derivatives (XIX) according to the process described by Florio. S et al., Eur.J.Org.Chem.2004, 2118, which are reduced for example by the action of metal tin in the presence of 12M hydrochloric acid, to yield derivatives of formula (HIa).
• a base for example potassium tert-butoxide
• the compounds of formula (HIg) are prepared according to scheme 6.
• These derivatives are reduced for example by catalytic hydrogenation with palladium to give the compounds of formula (HIg).
• a compound When a compound has a reactive function, for example a hydroxyl group, it may require prior protection before reaction. Those skilled in the art may determine the need for prior protection.
• the compounds of formula (II) to (XIX) are useful as synthetic intermediates for the preparation of the compounds of general formula (I) and form an integral part of the present invention.
• the medium is directly chromatographed on a column of silica gel eluting with a water + 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid / acetonitrile + 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid mixture to obtain 102 mg of expected product.
• the compounds of the invention have been the subject of pharmacological studies which have shown their interest as active substances in therapeutics.
• the affinity of the compounds of the invention for the orexin receptors 2 was determined in an in vitro binding assay according to the technique described below. This method consists of studying the displacement of radioiodinated orexin A bound to human orexin 2 receptors expressed in CHO cells. The test is carried out on membranes in an incubation buffer HEPES 50 mM, MgCl 2 1 mM, CaCl 2 25 mM, NaN 3 0.025% bovine serum albumin (BSA) 1% and 100 pM ligand for 30 minutes at 25 0 C. The reaction was terminated by filtration and washing on filter Whatman GF / C.
• HEPES 50 mM, MgCl 2 1 mM, CaCl 2 25 mM, NaN 3 0.025% bovine serum albumin (BSA) 1% and 100 pM ligand for 30 minutes at 25 0 C. The reaction was terminated by filtration and washing on filter Whatman GF / C.
• Nonspecific binding is measured in the presence of 10 6 M human orexin B.
• Cl 50 inhibitor concentration of 50% of the binding of radioiodinated orexin A to its receptors
• the following table illustrates the affinity of some compounds according to the invention for the orexin receptor
• the compounds of the present invention can be used in the prophylaxis and treatment of any diseases involving a dysfunction related to these receptors.
• the compounds of the invention can be used for the preparation of a medicament for the prophylaxis or the treatment of any diseases involving a dysfunction related to the orexin 2 receptor, and more particularly in the prophylaxis or treatment of pathologies in which an antagonist orexin 2 receptor provides therapeutic benefit.
• Such pathologies are, for example, obesity, disturbances of appetite or taste including cachexia, anorexia, bulimia (Smart et al., Eur J Pharmacol., 2002, 440, 2-3, 199-212), diabetes (Ouedraogo et al., Diabetes, 2002, 52, 111-117), metabolic syndromes (Sakurai, Curr, Opin Nutr.Matab.Care, 2003, 6, 353-360), vomiting and nausea (US 6, 506, 774), depression, and anxiety (Salomon et al., Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 54, 96-104, Jaszberenyi et al., J.
• Neuroendocrinol., 2000, 12 , 1174-1178 addictions
• addictions Georgescu et al., J. Neurosci., 2003, 23, 8, 3106-3111, Kane et al., Endocrinology, 2000, 141, 10, 3623-3629
• mood and behavior schizophrenia (Nishino et al., Psychiatry Res., 2002, 110, 1-7), sleep disorders (Sakurai, Neuroreport, 2002, 13, 8, 987- 995), the disease restless legs (Allen et al., Neurology, 2002, 59, 4, 639- 641), memory learning disorders (van den P OI et al., 2002, J.
• myotonic dystrophy (Martinez-Rodriguez et al., Sleep, 2003, 26, 3, 287-290), urinary incontinence (Blackstone et al., AGS Annual Meeting, poster P491,2002), hyperthyroidism (Malendowicz et al., Biomed Res., 2001, 22, 5, 229-233), disorders of pituitary function (Voisin et al., Mol Life ScL, 2003, 60, 72-78), hypertension or hypotension (Samson et al., Brain Res., 1999, 831, 1-2, 248-253).
• the invention also relates to medicaments which comprise a compound of formula (I). These drugs find their use in therapy, especially in the prophylaxis or treatment of the aforementioned pathologies.
• the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing, as active ingredient, at least one compound according to the invention.
• These pharmaceutical compositions contain an effective dose of a compound according to the invention and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
• excipients are chosen according to the pharmaceutical form and the desired mode of administration, from the usual excipients which are known to those skilled in the art.
• the active ingredient of formula (I) above, or its salt, solvate or hydrate may be administered in unit dosage form, in admixture with conventional pharmaceutical excipients, to animals and humans for the prophylaxis or treatment of the above disorders or diseases.
• Suitable unit dosage forms include oral forms such as tablets, soft or hard capsules, powders, granules, chewing gums and oral solutions or suspensions, sublingual, oral, Intratracheal, intraocular, intranasal, inhalation, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administration forms and rectal or vaginal administration forms.
• oral forms such as tablets, soft or hard capsules, powders, granules, chewing gums and oral solutions or suspensions, sublingual, oral, Intratracheal, intraocular, intranasal, inhalation, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administration forms and rectal or vaginal administration forms.
• the compounds according to the invention can be used in creams, ointments or lotions.
• the main active ingredient is mixed with a pharmaceutical excipient, such as gelatin, starch, lactose, magnesium stearate, talc, gum arabic. or the like.
• a pharmaceutical excipient such as gelatin, starch, lactose, magnesium stearate, talc, gum arabic. or the like.
• the tablets may be coated with sucrose, a cellulosic derivative, or other materials.
• the tablets can be made by different techniques, direct compression, dry granulation, wet granulation or hot melt.
• the dose of active principle may vary between 0.1 mg and 200 mg per kg of body weight per day.
• these assays are examples of average conditions, there may be special cases where higher or lower dosages are appropriate, such assays also belong to the invention.
• the dosage appropriate to each patient is determined by the physician according to the mode of administration, the weight and the response of said patient.
• Each unit dose may contain from 0.1 to 1000 mg, preferably from 0.1 to 500 mg, of active ingredient in combination with one or more pharmaceutical excipients. This unit dose can be administered 1 to 5 times per day so as to administer a daily dosage of 0.5 to 5000 mg, preferably 0.5 to 2500 mg.
• the present invention also relates to a method for preventing or treating the pathologies indicated above which comprises the administration of a compound according to the invention, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a solvate or a hydrate of said compound.

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• 2006
  • 2006-02-02 FR FR0600955A patent/FR2896799B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-02-01 WO PCT/FR2007/000182 patent/WO2007088276A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-02-01 JP JP2008552847A patent/JP2009525312A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-02-01 EP EP07730899A patent/EP1981842A2/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2008
  • 2008-07-31 US US12/183,487 patent/US20090054439A1/en not_active Abandoned

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