EP1979570A1 - Echelle d'evacuation - Google Patents

Echelle d'evacuation

Info

Publication number
EP1979570A1
EP1979570A1 EP07704974A EP07704974A EP1979570A1 EP 1979570 A1 EP1979570 A1 EP 1979570A1 EP 07704974 A EP07704974 A EP 07704974A EP 07704974 A EP07704974 A EP 07704974A EP 1979570 A1 EP1979570 A1 EP 1979570A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
escape apparatus
steps
escape
ladder
building
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07704974A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1979570B1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Melville
William Melville
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MELVILLE MARGARET ANNE
Original Assignee
MELVILLE MARGARET ANNE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MELVILLE MARGARET ANNE filed Critical MELVILLE MARGARET ANNE
Publication of EP1979570A1 publication Critical patent/EP1979570A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1979570B1 publication Critical patent/EP1979570B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C9/00—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes
    • E06C9/06—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted
    • E06C9/14—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted with non-rigid longitudinal members, e.g. rope or chain ladders, ladders of the lazy-tongs type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an escape apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to an escape apparatus for enabling occupants of a building on fire to escape.
  • GB 2222848 which is incorporated herein by reference, describes a fire escape apparatus which uses an extendable rope-type ladder.
  • the extendable ladder simply drops down from a retaining box.
  • the extended ladder has many problems such as when the ladder has been used, although the ladder can be rewound, this has to be done by a professional. Otherwise, the ladder during the next operation, may simply snag and not fully extend. Therefore, similar to a parachute opening, the ladder system in GB 2222848 requires a suitably qualified professional to replace the ladder once extended.
  • an escape apparatus comprising: an extendable ladder capable of extending in a concertina arrangement; said ladder comprising at least one step capable of moving substantially up or down on a pivoting mechanism.
  • the escape apparatus may be located on the outside of a building.
  • the escape apparatus may be located on the outside of commercial dwellings and residencies (e.g. hotels, boarding houses, hostels, nursing homes), offices, shops, factories, mills, warehouses, etc.
  • the escape apparatus may be activated to enable occupants of such a building to evacuate.
  • the extendable ladder may comprise any appropriate number of steps to enable the ladder to extend to a floor situated below.
  • the extendable ladder may therefore have at least one or more or a plurality of steps as required.
  • the steps may be interconnected to one another with a flexible linkage such as a rope, steel wires or a fibrous material.
  • the flexible linkage may extend through both sides of each step.
  • the pivoting mechanism allows the steps to move substantially up or down.
  • the pivoting mechanism may comprise any suitable form of mechanical arrangement allowing the steps to extend in a concertina arrangement.
  • the pivoting mechanism such as a scissor- like configuration may comprise an upper and lower portion connected with a hinge .
  • the upper and lower portion may pivot around the hinge in a scissor-like action.
  • a spring may bias the upper and lower portions into a closed position.
  • the escape apparatus may comprise a pulley system which may be activated to allow the steps to extend in a concertina arrangement.
  • the flexible linkage extending through the steps may extend downwards thereby allowing the pivoting mechanism to expand from a first to a second configuration thereby allowing the steps to form a ladder extending to ground level.
  • the flexible linkage enables the different steps in the escape apparatus to extend smoothly without any danger of snagging and not fully extending.
  • Prior art systems require safety professionals to store ladder , systems after they have been used to prevent any snagging of these systems when they are re-used.
  • the pulley system may comprise a motor, a gearbox and a drive coupling.
  • the motor may be activated manually by a person wishing to use the escape ladder system.
  • the escape ladder mechanism may be activated automatically by a sensor detecting a fire such as a heat and/or smoke detector.
  • the steps may also comprise at least one spacer element.
  • the spacer element may allow the steps to be located a small distance such as about 10 to 30 cms from a wall.
  • the spacer elements may therefore facilitate the movement of a person down the ladder. If the ladder is in too close proximity to the wall, then a person descending down the ladder may scrape their hands and body against the wall .
  • the escape apparatus may also comprise handles to facilitate an occupant climbing out of a window of a building and to facilitate the person climbing down the ladder .
  • the escape apparatus may be connected to a wall using any suitable bracket type system.
  • the escape apparatus may be located at any point on the outside of a building such as next to a window.
  • the escape apparatus may also comprise an inertia reel.
  • the inertia reel is of a standard type and may be intended to allow small children to evacuate the building along with an adult using the escape apparatus. A child placed in the inertia reel may simply descend using their own weight. Once the child has left the inertia reel, the inertia reel may simply rewind back to its original position at the top of the escape apparatus.
  • the inertia reel mechanism may also comprise a seating area or harness on which a child may sit.
  • the escape apparatus may also allow a third party to climb up the escape ladder in the event that occupants of a building have not been able to evacuate a building on fire .
  • the escape apparatus may be controlled using a control panel.
  • the control panel may be connected to sensors which may activate on detection of fire, carbon monoxide, smoke and/or heat. In the event that any of fire, carbon monoxide, smoke and or heat are detected, an alarm may activate on the control panel .
  • the control panel may comprise an override button to deactivate the system. However, in the event that the override button is not pressed, the full alarm system will be activated and the ladder may automatically descend.
  • the control panel may also telephone emergency services and/or other predetermined telephone numbers such as mobile phone numbers of residents.
  • the control panel may also be connected to a camera system.
  • the steps in the ladder may be returned to their original position by activating the motor and pulley system to re-coil the flexible linkage and return the pivoting mechanism to its unexpanded original configuration. This procedure may be repeated as many times as possible without the need of a safety professional as found with prior art devices.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of an escape apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the escape apparatus shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a step as used in the escape ladder shown in Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figures 4a - 4c represent a pivoting mechanism as used in the escape apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 5 is a spring as used in the pivoting mechanism shown in Figures 4a - 4c;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic representation of an escape apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS 7a and 7b represent the escape apparatus shown in Figure 6 being activated.
  • the escape apparatus 10 comprises a plurality of steps 12 mounted on a frame 14.
  • the frame 14 comprises handrails 16 to facilitate a user exiting a building such as from a window and climbing down the escape apparatus 10.
  • the escape apparatus 10 comprises a pulley system 18 which is capable of moving the steps 12 of the escape apparatus 10 up and down.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the escape apparatus 10. As shown in Figure 2, the escape apparatus 10 comprises substantially horizontally protruding members in the form of spacing elements 13 which prevent the steps 12 from abutting against the wall of a building.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view of one of the steps 12.
  • the step 12 comprises substantially 'U' -shaped portions 12a, 12b and apertures 29 for engaging with a pivoting mechanism 20.
  • the pivoting mechanism 20 is shown in Figures 4a - 4c.
  • the pivoting mechanism 20 comprises a lower portion 22 and an upper portion 24 which are connected via a pin 25.
  • the upper and lower portions 22,24 may pivot about the pin 25.
  • a spring 26 biases the upper and lower portions 22,24 into a closed position.
  • Figures 4a - 4c also show that at the end of the upper and lower portions 22,24 there are pins 28,30, respectively.
  • the pins 28,30 are insertable into apertures 29 in each of the steps 12 in the escape apparatus 10, and thereby enable the steps 12 to extend in a concertina arrangement.
  • the steps 12 and pivoting mechanism 20 are formed from any suitable metal, alloy, composite, plastics or wooden material.
  • Figure 5 is an expanded view of the spring 26 used to bias the upper and lower portions 22,24 of the pivoting mechanism 20 into a closed position.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic representation of an escape apparatus 100 according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 shows the first step 112a in an extended position.
  • the steps 112 may be lowered using pulleys 118.
  • the escape apparatus 100 is connected to a frame 114.
  • the frame 114 comprises handrails 116.
  • the frame 114 is attached to a wall of a building using any suitable bracket-like structure.
  • a pivoting mechanism 120 has allowed the first step 112a to be lowered. As the structure is further lowered, the next step 112b in line will then in a concertina arrangement extend into a second position. Thereafter, steps 112c, 112d, 112e, 112f extend sequentially.
  • Figure 6 also shows that there is a release mechanism 132.
  • a motor 134 is connected to a reduction gearbox 136, which is connected to a drive coupling 138.
  • the drive coupling 138 is connected via a clutch 140 to a shaft 142.
  • a brake 144 is also provided to allow the descending steps 112 to be stopped at any time.
  • Figure 6 shows that the steps 112a, 112b, 112c, 112d, 112e, 112f are interconnected at both sides with a flexible linkage such as a rope 127.
  • the rope 127 is wound around the pulleys 118 which allows the steps 112a, 112b, 112c, 112d, 112e, 112f to be raised and lowered as many times as necessary.
  • a safety professional is therefore not required to re-coil the system.
  • Safety systems are required for other systems due to the danger of the systems snagging and not fully extending.
  • Figure 6 also shows that there is a beacon 148 which may be activated in the event that the escape apparatus 100 is activated. There is also a safety lamp 150 which provides illumination for persons descending the escape apparatus 100 in the dark.
  • a control panel 152 may control the operation of the escape apparatus 100.
  • the control panel 152 comprises an open button 154 allowing the steps 112 to extend into an open position, an override button 156 to prevent the system from activating in the event of a false alarm, and a close button 158 allowing the steps 112 to easily be returned to their original position in a closed position.
  • the steps 112 may therefore be easily lowered and raised.
  • the control panel 152 is also connected to an alarm system which may activate in the event of detectors detecting the presence of fire, carbon monoxide, smoke and/or heat.
  • the control panel 152 may also telephone the emergency services or predetermined telephone numbers such as residents of a home.
  • the control panel 152 may also send text messages.
  • the system therefore has the advantageous feature that the escape apparatus 100 may be activated automatically in the event of a fire thereby facilitating occupants of a building on fire to quickly evacuate the building.
  • the escape apparatus 100 therefore has the facility to activate itself. It has been found that in the event that occupants have not evacuated a building within 4 to 5 minutes of a fire, then their chances of surviving the fire are significantly decreased.
  • the escape apparatus 100 there may also be an inertia reel enabling an adult to descend on the escape apparatus 100 and a child to be placed in a seating area on the inertia reel and be easily lowered as the adult descends the escape apparatus 100.
  • Figures 7a and 7b represent the operation of the escape apparatus 100.
  • a handle 170 On the pulling of a handle 170 an electrical connection to a solenoid 172 may be broken.
  • the escape apparatus 100 may be activated and extends away from the wall by rotating wheel 174.
  • any suitable type of mechanism may be used to allow the steps to descend in a concertina arrangement.
  • the steps may also be of any suitable size and shape.
  • the escape apparatus may also comprise a platform onto which wheelchairs may be placed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'évacuation. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne un dispositif d'évacuation permettant à des occupants d'un immeuble en feu d'évacuer.
EP07704974A 2006-01-20 2007-01-22 Echelle d'evacuation Not-in-force EP1979570B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0601130A GB0601130D0 (en) 2006-01-20 2006-01-20 Escape ladder
PCT/GB2007/000196 WO2007083148A1 (fr) 2006-01-20 2007-01-22 Echelle d'evacuation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1979570A1 true EP1979570A1 (fr) 2008-10-15
EP1979570B1 EP1979570B1 (fr) 2012-10-17

Family

ID=36010629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07704974A Not-in-force EP1979570B1 (fr) 2006-01-20 2007-01-22 Echelle d'evacuation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1979570B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0601130D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007083148A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2979898B1 (fr) * 2011-09-13 2014-12-26 Airbus Operations Sas Echelle escamotable pour une issue de secours d'un aeronef

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US280527A (en) * 1883-07-03 Ttames h
US2279594A (en) * 1940-10-02 1942-04-14 Harold N Patterson Fire escape
GB650616A (en) * 1947-10-29 1951-02-28 Albert Noel Hudson Improvements in or relating to flexible ladders
GB9828806D0 (en) * 1998-12-31 1999-02-17 Melville Aubrey Improved fire escape apparatus
GB2347165A (en) * 1999-02-23 2000-08-30 Micah Stuart Morgan Compact fire escape system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2007083148A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0601130D0 (en) 2006-03-01
EP1979570B1 (fr) 2012-10-17
WO2007083148A1 (fr) 2007-07-26

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