EP1972181A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur simulation von wfs-systemen und kompensation von klangbeeinflussenden wfs-eigenschaften - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zur simulation von wfs-systemen und kompensation von klangbeeinflussenden wfs-eigenschaftenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1972181A1 EP1972181A1 EP07700228A EP07700228A EP1972181A1 EP 1972181 A1 EP1972181 A1 EP 1972181A1 EP 07700228 A EP07700228 A EP 07700228A EP 07700228 A EP07700228 A EP 07700228A EP 1972181 A1 EP1972181 A1 EP 1972181A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- source
- aliasing filter
- virtual
- field synthesis
- aliasing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
- H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S2400/00—Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
- H04S2400/09—Electronic reduction of distortion of stereophonic sound systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
- H04S2420/13—Application of wave-field synthesis in stereophonic audio systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to wave field synthesis systems, and more particularly to aliasing correction in wave field synthesis systems.
- WFS Wave Field Synthesis
- Applied to the acoustics can be simulated by a large number of speakers, which are arranged side by side (a so-called speaker array), any shape of an incoming wavefront.
- a so-called speaker array any shape of an incoming wavefront.
- the audio signals of each speaker must be fed with a time delay and amplitude scaling so that the radiated sound fields of each speaker properly overlap.
- the contribution to each loudspeaker is calculated separately for each source and the resulting signals are added together.
- reflections can also be reproduced as additional sources via the loudspeaker array. The cost of the calculation therefore depends heavily on the number of sound sources, the reflection characteristics of the recording room and the number of speakers.
- the advantage of this technique is in particular that a natural spatial sound impression over a large area of the playback room is possible.
- the direction and distance of 5 sound sources are reproduced very accurately.
- virtual sound sources can even be positioned between the real speaker array and the listener.
- the technique of wave field synthesis can also be used advantageously to supplement a visual perception with a corresponding spatial audio perception. So far, the production was in virtual
- Wave Field Synthesis In the audio field, the technique of Wave Field Synthesis (WFS) can be used to achieve a good spatial sound for a large listener area.
- wave field synthesis is based on the principle of Huygens, according to which wavefronts can be formed and built up by superimposing elementary waves. After mathematically exact theoretical description, infinitely many sources in infinitely small distance would have to be used for the generation of the elementary waves. Practically, however, many speakers are finally used at a finite distance from each other. Each of these speakers is driven according to the WFS principle with an audio signal from a virtual source having a particular delay and a certain level. Levels and delays are usually different for all speakers.
- the wave field synthesis system operates on the basis of the Huygens principle and reconstructs a given waveform of, for example, a virtual source located at a certain distance from a demonstration area or a listener in the show area by a plurality of single waves.
- the wave field synthesis algorithm thus obtains information about the actual position of a single loudspeaker from the loudspeaker array, in order then to calculate a component signal for this single loudspeaker which this loudspeaker ultimately has to emit, so that the listener can superimpose the loudspeaker signal on the loudspeaker signal a loudspeaker with the loudspeaker signals of the other active loudspeakers performs a reconstruction in that the listener has the impression that he is not "sonicated" by many individual speakers, but merely borrowed from a single speaker at the position of the virtual source.
- each virtual source for each loudspeaker that is, the component signal of the first virtual source for the first loudspeaker, the second virtual source for the first loudspeaker, etc.
- the contribution from each virtual source for each loudspeaker is calculated to then add up the component signals
- the contribution from each virtual source for each loudspeaker that is, the component signal of the first virtual source for the first loudspeaker, the second virtual source for the first loudspeaker, etc.
- the computation of the component signals is usually carried out in practice by applying a delay and a scaling value to the audio source assigned to a virtual source, depending on the position of the virtual source and the position of the loudspeaker, at a particular time, a delayed and / or scaled audio signal the virtual source that directly represents the loudspeaker signal when there is only one virtual source, or that adds to other component signals for the considered loudspeaker from other virtual sources then to the loudspeaker signal for the considered loudspeaker.
- Typical wave field synthesis algorithms work regardless of how many speakers are present in the speaker array. They are.
- the underlying theory of wave field synthesis is that any sound field can be accurately reconstructed by an infinite number of individual speakers, with the individual single-loudspeakers being arranged infinitely close to each other. In practice, however, neither the infinitely high number nor the infinitely close arrangement can be realized. Instead, there are a limited number of loudspeakers, which are also arranged at certain predetermined distances from each other. Thus, in real systems, only an approximation to the actual waveform that would occur if the virtual source were actually present, would be a real source.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a concept for aliasing correction in a wave field synthesis system which reduces quality variations in the perceived sound.
- the present invention is based on the finding that aliasing correction in a wave field synthesis system is improved by determining the virtual source specific aliasing filter property using the source position information.
- This aliasing filter property which is e.g. B. the aliasing frequency can be determined using the source position information.
- This aliasing filter property is used for an adaptive anti-aliasing filter to adaptively filter the audio signal associated with the sources or the component signals associated with the sources.
- a listening point in the playback room is selected, and the wide field synthesis module provides scaling and delay values for the individual speakers corresponding to a virtual source.
- the amplitude value and the time value of the arrival of the pulse at the listening point are calculated for a given pulse.
- the individual impulses of the individual loudspeakers do not arrive simultaneously at the listening point and instead supply time signals and time values. These time signals are transformed into a spectral representation, from which the aliasing frequency is determined.
- This aliasing frequency marks the area between a fluo- tuierenden behavior of the spectral representation and an increasing behavior to lower frequencies.
- This aliasing frequency is now used as an input for an anti-aliasing filter, which corrects the level below the aliasing frequency, eg attenuates with 3dB per octave.
- each virtual source is assigned an aliasing frequency. This makes it possible to dynamically filter even moving virtual sources and thus discolorations of sound as a result of the movement are suppressed. In previously used static filters this is not possible and as a result these static filters lead to a distortion of the sound during a movement of the virtual sources.
- the aliasing filter in a computer system one can perform the filtering in real time with the movement of the virtual sources. In order to save computing time, in a further embodiment it is not possible to calculate the aliasing frequency continuously for all possible positions of the virtual source, but instead to determine it only for discrete points. These obtained aliasing frequencies may be e.g. be included in a table so that further calculations are omitted. The quality achieved is given by the density of the discrete points.
- aliasing filtering can also be performed with respect to different listening points.
- This averaged aliasing frequency changes as the position of the virtual source changes, and can be corrected as previously described, depending on the position of the virtual source.
- the characteristic of this bass tone boost is dynamic and depends on different factors. These are z. B. the speaker density and the angle of incidence of the virtual sound sources.
- the aliasing frequency changes with the positioning of the virtual sound sources and is therefore dynamic. This dynamic is not taken into account in the current calculation.
- a major disadvantage of previous WFS systems is that swelling movements are perceivable as tone color changes. These are the result of the static filter and the dynamic change of the aliasing frequency and the bass boost. These sound color changes are particularly significant when the virtual source moves parallel to the speakers.
- Another disadvantage of the existing technology is that different speaker setups (with different speaker distances) influence the aliasing frequency and the bass boost, which until now had to be adjusted manually on the respective setup.
- 1a is a block diagram of the inventive apparatus for aliasing filtering in a wave field synthesis system, wherein the component signals are filtered;
- FIG. 1b shows a block diagram of the inventive apparatus for aliasing filtering in a wave field synthesis system, wherein the audio signals associated with a virtual source are filtered;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram in a wave-field synthesis environment usable for the present invention;
- 3a shows a block diagram of a device according to the invention for determining the aliasing frequency
- FIG. 3b is a diagram for explaining the propagation delay and propagation scaling value from the speakers to the listening point;
- FIG. 3c shows an example of 10 loudspeakers, where the scaling and delay values of the individual loudspeakers are combined to form a time signal at the listening point, from which one can look for the spectral
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram for determining the aliasing frequencies corresponding to various virtual sources
- Fig. 5 is a block diagram for averaging the aliasing filter characteristics for various listening points
- Fig. 6 is a block diagram of an adaptive filter for multiple virtual sources.
- FIG. 7 shows a basic block diagram of a wave field synthesis system with wave field synthesis module and loudspeaker array in a demonstration area.
- the wave field synthesis system has a speaker array 700 placed with respect to a demonstration area 702.
- the loudspeaker array shown in FIG. 7, which is a 360 ° array includes four array sides 700a, 700b, 700c and 70Od. If the demonstration area 702 z.
- the cinema screen is on the same side of the screening area 702 on which also the sub-array 700 c is arranged with respect to the conventions front / back or right / left. In this case, the observer who is sitting at the so-called optimal point P in the demonstration area 702 would see to the front, ie to the screen.
- Each loudspeaker array consists of a number of different individual loudspeakers 708 which are each driven with their own loudspeaker signals which are provided by a wave field synthesis module 710 via a data bus 712 shown only schematically in FIG.
- the wave field synthesis module is configured to use the information about e.g. B.
- the wave field synthesis module can also receive further inputs, such as information about the room acoustics of the demonstration area, etc.
- the following embodiments of the present invention may in principle be performed for each point P in the demonstration area.
- the optimum point can thus lie anywhere in the demonstration area 702. It can also be several optimal points, z. B. on an optimal line, give. However, in order to obtain the best possible ratios for as many points as possible in the demonstration area 702, it is preferable to use the optimum point or the optimal line in the middle or at the center of gravity of the wave field synthesis system, that is defined by the speaker sub-arrays 700a, 700b, 700c, 70Od.
- FIG. 1a is a block diagram of the aliasing correction apparatus of the present invention in a wave-field synthesis system set forth with reference to FIG.
- the center of a wave field synthesis environment is a wave field synthesis module 100 having an input for the audio signals 102 of the virtual sources, an input for the position data 104 of the virtual sources, an input for the position data of the speakers 106 and optionally other inputs 108, the z. B. provide information about the room acoustics has.
- the wave-field synthesis module 100 provides the component signals 110 as well as the corresponding delay and scale values for the individual speakers.
- AFE aliasing filter characteristic
- FIG. 1 b shows a device according to the invention in which the component signals 110 are not filtered by the adaptive anti-aliasing filter 140, but the audio signals 102 are filtered in the adaptive anti-aliasing filter 140 for virtual sources.
- the filtered audio signal 165 is input to the wave field synthesis module 100 to generate filtered component signals and to generate the corresponding loudspeaker signals 160 in the component signal combining unit 150.
- the wave field synthesis module 100 receives an audio signal and position information from each virtual source.
- this figure shows the audio signal of the first source 212 and the position of the first source 214, the audio signal of the second source 222 and the position information of the second source 224 as well as the audio signal of the last source 232 and the position information of the last source 234.
- the wave field synthesis module 100 determines for each virtual source the component signals for each speaker.
- the component signals of the first virtual source KSI1 to KSn 240, of the second virtual source KS21 to KS2n 250 and the component signals of the last virtual source KSmI to KSmn 260 are shown by way of example.
- the wave field synthesis module 100 generates a wave field synthesis scaling value (WFS-SW) and a wave field synthesis delay value (WFS-VW) 310 for a virtual source. From the position of the listening point 320 and the position information of the speakers 330, a propagation delay value (AVZW) is generated in the device 340. and a spread scaling value (ASKW). These values, along with the WFS-SW and the WFS-VW 310, serve as input to the device 350, which determines a total scaling value (GSW) as well as a total delay value (GVW).
- WFS-SW wave field synthesis scaling value
- WFS-VW wave field synthesis delay value
- a time signal and corresponding time values are determined in the device 360, which is converted into a spectral representation in the device 370. Finally, this spectral representation is evaluated in the device 380 and a corresponding aliasing frequency 390 is determined.
- each speaker 708 is shown, all of which are fed with their own loudspeaker signal, generated by the wave field synthesis module 100. So each speaker can be modeled as a point wave that outputs a concentric wave field. Following the law of the concentric wave field, the level of the sound field decreases with the distance r to the loudspeakers, namely by a factor of 1 / r 2 . This results in a dependence of l / r on the signal. Taking into account the propagation velocity of the sound wave, it can thus be determined when (propagation delay value) with respect to the loudspeaker which signal arrives in which scaling (propagation scaling value) at the listening point P.
- FIG. 3c shows a concrete example of a 10-speaker demonstration area 702, from which the loudspeakers 4 to 7 send out a signal of a virtual source having a certain scaling value and a certain delay value 392.
- a total delay and an overall scaling value at the interception point 394 After taking into account the time delay and the attenuation due to the propagation from the loudspeakers to the listening point P, one obtains for each loudspeaker a total delay and an overall scaling value at the interception point 394. If these total scaling values are plotted according to the total delay values as the time co-ordinate, the time signal at the bottom left in Fig. 3c, which is referred to as IR (impulse response) at the listening point.
- IR impulse response
- the first signal with the smallest time value corresponds to the signal emitted by loudspeaker 6, which according to table 392 has a scaling value of 0.8 and a delay value of 10 ms.
- the second signal in 394 is the signal from loudspeaker 5, which according to Table 392 has a scaling value of 0.7 and a delay value of 12ms.
- the signals then follow from the loudspeaker 4 and from the loudspeaker 7, whose scaling and delay values are also indicated in table 392.
- This time signal is converted into a spectral representation 396 characterized by two regions. At high frequencies, the spectral representation shows a fluctuating behavior, and too low Frequencies an increasing behavior. In the transition area between the areas is the aliasing frequency.
- This aliasing frequency then serves as an input signal for a corresponding correction filter 398. This filter serves to bring about a lowering of the low frequency components by, for example, 3dB per octave.
- Wave field synthesis module 100 provides scaling and delay values for each virtual source and speaker.
- both the scaling and delay values of the first virtual source 402 and the scaling and delay values of the last virtual source 404 are shown.
- a set of data is thus obtained for each virtual source, which in turn serves as inputs to the means 350 for determining the total scaling values and the total delay values.
- the device 360 determines separately for each virtual source corresponding time signals and time values, which in turn are converted into a spectral representation in the device 370. These spectral representations will be evaluated in the device 380 so as to obtain aliasing frequencies 410 for each virtual source.
- FIG. 5 shows a block diagram in which aliasing frequencies are determined for each listening point and then an average aliasing frequency is determined by averaging.
- the scaling values and delay values 310 for a virtual source serve as inputs to a means 510 for determining a source-specific aliasing filter characteristic for a first listening point, and as inputs to a means for determining a source-specific aliasing filter characteristic for a second listening point 520.
- the scaling and delay values are also determined in a corresponding means for determining a source-specific aliasing filter property.
- the filter properties thus obtained for each listening point are averaged in the device 530 over all the listening points. This gives the entire listening area 702 an aliasing filter property for each virtual source.
- This averaged aliasing filter property may be e.g. B. be an average aliasing filter frequency.
- Fig. 6 shows a block diagram of an adaptive filter for virtual sources.
- the input signals to this virtual source adaptive filter 140 are both the aliasing frequencies fi to f n and the component signals 110, which are KSIl to KSIn for the first virtual source, KS21 to KS2n for the second virtual source, and KSmI to KSmn for the last virtual source.
- the output signals of the adaptive filter 140 are modified component signals 610, which in turn serve as input to the means 150 for combining the component signals to finally provide the loudspeaker signals 160.
- the aliasing frequency determined in this algorithm is the dynamically changing frequency below which WFS playback produces a bass boost of, for example, 3dB per octave. Above this frequency, aliasing artifacts lead to frequency cancellations and comb filter effects. As already stated, a dynamic filter is calculated by analyzing this frequency, which compensates the bass boost source dependent. Depending on the speaker setup used, this boost does not always correspond to the theoretical value of 3dB per octave. This dynamic correction filter is constantly updated during source movements. The result is the optimal bass correction for the respective source position. In the technical realization, the source position-dependent scaling and delay values of the signal are constantly determined for this purpose.
- a correction filter is calculated and constantly updated (source position-dependent).
- the speaker signals for this source are calculated by this correction filter.
- an optimum sound for different loudspeaker setups including the source-position-dependent aliasing frequency is thus achieved in the calculation of the loudspeaker signals.
- a complex impulse response is thus calculated in a preferred embodiment with knowledge of the position of a virtual sound source, as well as the loudspeaker and room parameters. Simulations and auralizations of WFS sound fields are possible with this impulse response.
- the system also provides information on the dynamic control of the compensation filter (3dB filter) for the WFS.
- An optimized filter improves the sound quality of a WFS system.
- the scheme according to the invention can also be implemented in software.
- the implementation may be on a digital storage medium, in particular a floppy disk or a CD with electronically readable control signals, which may cooperate with a programmable computer system such that the corresponding method is executed.
- the invention thus also consists in a computer program product with program code stored on a machine-readable carrier for carrying out the method according to the invention, when the computer program product runs on a computer.
- the invention can thus be realized as a computer program with a program code for carrying out the method when the computer program runs on a computer.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Stereophonic System (AREA)
- Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006010212A DE102006010212A1 (de) | 2006-03-06 | 2006-03-06 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Simulation von WFS-Systemen und Kompensation von klangbeeinflussenden WFS-Eigenschaften |
PCT/EP2007/000385 WO2007101498A1 (de) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-01-17 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur simulation von wfs-systemen und kompensation von klangbeeinflussenden wfs-eigenschaften |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1972181A1 true EP1972181A1 (de) | 2008-09-24 |
EP1972181B1 EP1972181B1 (de) | 2010-12-22 |
Family
ID=37898264
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07700228A Ceased EP1972181B1 (de) | 2006-03-06 | 2007-01-17 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur simulation von wfs-systemen und kompensation von klangbeeinflussenden wfs-eigenschaften |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8363847B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1972181B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4977720B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101406075B (de) |
DE (2) | DE102006010212A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007101498A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005033239A1 (de) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Steuern einer Mehrzahl von Lautsprechern mittels einer graphischen Benutzerschnittstelle |
DE102005033238A1 (de) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Mehrzahl von Lautsprechern mittels eines DSP |
DE102006053919A1 (de) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Anzahl von Lautsprechersignalen für ein Lautsprecher-Array, das einen Wiedergaberaum definiert |
KR101268779B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-09 | 2013-05-29 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 라우드 스피커 어레이를 사용한 음장 재생 장치 및 방법 |
JP2013051643A (ja) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-14 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | スピーカアレイ駆動装置およびスピーカアレイ駆動方法 |
WO2013068402A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-16 | Sonicemotion Ag | Method for practical implementations of sound field reproduction based on surface integrals in three dimensions |
DE102012200512B4 (de) | 2012-01-13 | 2013-11-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Berechnen von Lautsprechersignalen für eine Mehrzahl von Lautsprechern unter Verwendung einer Verzögerung im Frequenzbereich |
US20150131824A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-05-14 | Sonicemotion Ag | Method for high quality efficient 3d sound reproduction |
EP2870782B1 (de) * | 2012-07-06 | 2020-04-08 | Dirac Research AB | Entwurf für eine audiovorkompensationssteuerung mit paarweiser lautsprecher symmetrie |
CN103118323A (zh) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-22 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | 基于平面波分解的wfs系统主动房间补偿方法和系统 |
KR101831286B1 (ko) * | 2013-08-23 | 2018-02-22 | 프라운호퍼 게젤샤프트 쭈르 푀르데룽 데어 안겐반텐 포르슝 에.베. | 엘리어싱 오류 신호를 사용하여 오디오 신호를 처리하기 위한 장치 및 방법 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2985675B2 (ja) | 1994-09-01 | 1999-12-06 | 日本電気株式会社 | 帯域分割適応フィルタによる未知システム同定の方法及び装置 |
EP1209949A1 (de) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-05-29 | Technische Universiteit Delft | Schallwiedergabesystem mit Wellenfeldsynthese unter Verwendung einer Platte mit verteilten Moden |
JP4826693B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-13 | 2011-11-30 | オンキヨー株式会社 | 音響再生装置 |
JP3940662B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-22 | 2007-07-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 音響信号処理方法及び音響信号処理装置及び音声認識装置 |
US20030147539A1 (en) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-08-07 | Mh Acoustics, Llc, A Delaware Corporation | Audio system based on at least second-order eigenbeams |
DE10254470B4 (de) * | 2002-11-21 | 2006-01-26 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Impulsantwort und Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Vorführen eines Audiostücks |
US7336793B2 (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2008-02-26 | Harman International Industries, Incorporated | Loudspeaker system for virtual sound synthesis |
DE10321986B4 (de) * | 2003-05-15 | 2005-07-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Pegel-Korrigieren in einem Wellenfeldsynthesesystem |
DE10321980B4 (de) * | 2003-05-15 | 2005-10-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Berechnen eines diskreten Werts einer Komponente in einem Lautsprechersignal |
DE10351793B4 (de) | 2003-11-06 | 2006-01-12 | Herbert Buchner | Adaptive Filtervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verarbeiten eines akustischen Eingangssignals |
JP2006005868A (ja) | 2004-06-21 | 2006-01-05 | Denso Corp | 車両用報知音出力装置及びプログラム |
-
2006
- 2006-03-06 DE DE102006010212A patent/DE102006010212A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-01-17 US US12/279,017 patent/US8363847B2/en active Active
- 2007-01-17 DE DE502007006021T patent/DE502007006021D1/de active Active
- 2007-01-17 WO PCT/EP2007/000385 patent/WO2007101498A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-01-17 JP JP2008557604A patent/JP4977720B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-17 EP EP07700228A patent/EP1972181B1/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-01-17 CN CN200780007849XA patent/CN101406075B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2007101498A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101406075A (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
US20090220111A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
WO2007101498A1 (de) | 2007-09-13 |
JP2009529262A (ja) | 2009-08-13 |
CN101406075B (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
DE502007006021D1 (de) | 2011-02-03 |
US8363847B2 (en) | 2013-01-29 |
JP4977720B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
EP1972181B1 (de) | 2010-12-22 |
DE102006010212A1 (de) | 2007-09-20 |
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