Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
  • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
  • F03C1/26—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines adapted for special use or combined with apparatus driven thereby
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B13/00—Pumps specially modified to deliver fixed or variable measured quantities
  • F04B13/02—Pumps specially modified to deliver fixed or variable measured quantities of two or more fluids at the same time
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
  • F04B53/22—Arrangements for enabling ready assembly or disassembly
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
  • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
  • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
  • F04B9/103—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber
  • F04B9/107—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber rectilinear movement of the pumping member in the working direction being obtained by a single-acting liquid motor, e.g. actuated in the other direction by gravity or a spring

Definitions

• HYDRAULIC MACHINE IN PARTICULAR A HYDRAULIC ENGINE, WITH ALTERNATIVE MOVEMENT.
• the invention relates to a hydraulic machine, in particular a hydraulic motor, a machine of the type that includes:
• a piston capable of sliding in reciprocating motion in the casing, the piston separating two chambers from the casing;
• triggering means comprising a pusher able to cause, at the end of the stroke of the piston, a sudden change in the position of the switching means, under the action of an elastic means, for reversing the stroke.
• a hydraulic motor of this type is known, for example from EP-BO 255 791, or from US Pat. No. 5,505,224 or from EP-B-1 151 196. This hydraulic motor can be used to drive a device for injecting an additive into a main liquid ensuring the operation of the engine.
• the number of parts of hydraulic motors of this kind is relatively important, especially to achieve the trigger means with elastic means. This results in relatively complicated assembly and disassembly operations, which does not facilitate manufacture or maintenance, for example for the replacement of worn parts. It is further desirable that the trigger means be formed by a simple mechanism.
• the invention therefore aims, above all, to provide a hydraulic machine of the kind defined above, including a hydraulic motor, the assembly and disassembly are made simpler and faster. It is also desirable to make the manufacturing easier with a reduced number of parts.
• the proposed solution should remove any metal parts, including metal springs, to increase the resistance of the machine to chemicals to be dosed. It would be advantageous for the injection of the product to be determined, in particular chemical product, to take place in the only exit chamber of the machine.
• the elastic means may be constituted by a curved arc-shaped spring blade, in particular substantially in the form of a semicircle.
• This spring blade is advantageously made of plastic material and the hinge pins provided at each end are molded in one piece with this leaf spring.
• the switching means may comprise a valve holder with at least a first valve whose seat is provided on the small section of the piston, and at least one second valve whose seat is provided on the large section of the piston, each valve having a rod coupled to the valve holder, one of the valves being located on the same side as the rod, relative to the piston, and the other valve being located on the opposite side with a rod which passes through the seat to ensure the coupling to the valve holder;
• the coupling of the valve stem located on the opposite side to the connecting rod is preferably achieved by a snap on the valve holder, this snap being accessible on the piston side where the link is located so that the disassembly of the valve and the Extraction of the valve holder is facilitated.
• the rod is articulated at its end remote from the elastic means at a fixed point relative to the piston.
• the rod is integral, at its end remote from the elastic means, a hinge pin oriented transversely to the link, received in a notch provided in a wall integral with the piston and parallel to the axis of the piston, this notch being open in the direction opposite to that of the force exerted by the elastic means on the rod.
• the axis of the rod is simply engaged in this notch, which allows disassembly particularly simple and fast.
• each elementary connecting rod having at its proximal end of the elastic means an open housing facing the other link for receiving an end of the hinge axis integral with the elastic medium.
• the two walls of the gantry may comprise, on either side of the zones provided with notches receiving the axis of articulation of the elastic means, external projections capable of cooperating with integral walls of the piston for guiding the pusher relative to the piston.
• the valve holder may have the form of a frame, vertical in the operating position, having on its two vertical sides ribs projecting outwards adapted to cooperate with corresponding guide grooves provided in the piston.
• the lower horizontal side of the frame has open housings allowing an easily removable hitch of at least one and preferably two valves having their seat on the small section of the piston and located on the same side as the rod.
• the upper horizontal side of the frame is extended at each end beyond the vertical uprights and has open housing for receiving by simply snapping the stem of a valve, having its seat on the large section of the piston, the opposite side at the link.
• the valve holder may comprise, on its upper horizontal side, a stirrup projecting upwards, flanking by its lateral wings the elastic means formed by a curved arcuate blade. This stirrup is intended for ensure a bypass operation of the machine when it bears against the cover of the envelope.
• Each sealing ring is advantageously fixed to the piston by a bayonet type assembly having radial projections on the inner surface of the seal and corresponding peripheral grooves on the outer surface of the piston, with grooves parallel to the geometric axis of the piston for allow each projection of the seal to come into contact with a corresponding peripheral groove of the piston.
• the ring provided at the level of the large section of the piston advantageously has a V profile whose concavity is turned towards the small section, and has on the opposite side a frustoconical sealing lip whose diameter increases towards the cover of the 'envelope.
• Fig. 2 is a perspective view, in vertical section, of a hydraulic motor according to the invention.
• Fig. 4 is a partial vertical section along line IV-IV of FIG. 3.
• Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the differential piston with valves, valve holder, elastic means and push in place.
• Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the piston of FIG. 5 and different parts disassembled.
• Fig. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the piston alone and disassembled seals.
• Fig. 9 is a section along the line IX-IX of FIG. 8.
• Fig. 10 is a vertical section of the seal of the small section of the piston.
• Fig.11 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the pusher in two parts during assembly
• Fig.12 is an exploded perspective view, similar to Fig.7, of an alternative embodiment of the piston and seals.
• a hydraulic machine consisting of a reciprocating differential hydraulic motor.
• the following description essentially relates to a differential motor, that is to say a motor whose piston has two zones of different sections, but the invention can also be applied to single-piston engines, or membrane-type engines. place of the piston.
• the motor M comprises a casing 1 consisting of a cylindrical body 2 surmounted by a cover 3 assembled to the body 2 in a removable manner, in particular by screwing.
• the barrel 6 slides in a sealed manner in a cylindrical housing 7 coaxial with the casing 1.
• the barrel 6 is closed at the bottom by a bottom 6a, constituting the zone of small section of the piston.
• the piston 4 separates the interior volume of the envelope 1 into two chambers, respectively 8 located below the crown 5, and 9 located above the crown 5.
• the chamber 8 is an annular chamber between the envelope 1, the outer surface of the housing 7 and the outer surface of the barrel 6.
• An inlet manifold 10 opens at the bottom of the chamber 8.
• the interior volume of the housing 7 located below the bottom 6a of the piston constitutes a third chamber 11, or outlet chamber, to which is connected an outlet pipe 12 axis orthogonal to that of the casing.
• a cylindrical sleeve 13 coaxial with the casing 1 extends downwards to allow connection to an injection device J of a liquid additive in the outlet chamber 11.
• This injection device is actuated by the motor whose piston 4 is connected by a rod 4r to a pumping means of the additive.
• Hydraulic switching means C are provided for the supply of liquid and the evacuation of the chambers 8, 9 separated by the piston. These switching means C are controlled by the movements of the piston 4 and comprise a rod 14 acting on a dispenser member
• valve 15 is constituted by a valve holder comprising at least a first valve
• valve 16 whose seat is located under the crown 5, the valve 16 having a head located in the chamber 8.
• the valve 16 closes by moving from bottom to top according to the drawings.
• the dispensing member 15 is provided with at least one other valve 17 whose head is located in the chamber 9.
• the seat of each valve 17 is located on the bottom 6a. The valve 17 closes by a downward movement against its seat.
• the motor further comprises triggering means comprising a pusher 18 capable of causing, at the end of the stroke of the piston, by bearing against a stop, a sudden change in the position of the switching means C under the action of a elastic means E, for reversing the piston stroke.
• triggering means comprising a pusher 18 capable of causing, at the end of the stroke of the piston, by bearing against a stop, a sudden change in the position of the switching means C under the action of a elastic means E, for reversing the piston stroke.
• the rod 14 is articulated at one end 14a at a point fixed with respect to the piston 4.
• the other end 14b of the rod can move in a vertical window 19 of the valve holder and abut against one of the two ends of this window, in one of the two stable positions of the dispensing member 15.
• This elastic means E is advantageously constituted by a leaf spring 23 substantially arc-shaped convex curve, in particular substantially in a semicircle.
• the blade 23 is integral at each end of a cylindrical pin orthogonal to the plane of the curve arc, this pin constituting the articulation member 20a, 20b.
• the leaf spring 23 is made of plastic material, and is molded in one piece with the cylindrical pins 20a, 20b.
• the spring blade 23 turns its convexity on the opposite side to the bottom 6a of the piston.
• the link 14 is articulated, at its end 14a remote from the housing 21 receiving the pin 20a, in a notch 24 (Fig.6), fixed relative to the piston 4.
• the link 14 (FIGS. 2 and 6) is advantageously formed by two parallel elementary links 25, 26 interconnected by a cross member 27 closer to the end 14b than the other end 14a.
• the ends of the rods 25 and 26 forming the end 14b have a cylindrical shape of geometric axis orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the rods.
• Each of these cylindrical ends comprises a housing 21 facing the other elementary rod, and open on the opposite side to the end 14a.
• Each housing 21 receives an end of the pin 20a which protrudes transversely on either side of the blade 23.
• a snap of the pin 20a in the housing 21 is provided.
• Each elementary rod 25, 26 has two parallel branches between which is provided at the end 14a, a hinge pin 28 received in the notch 24 of the piston.
• An axle 28 is provided for each elementary link 25, 26.
• Each axis 28 is molded in one piece with the two branches of the elementary link.
• the two elementary links 25, 26 are molded in one piece with the cross member 27 so that the rod 14 is constituted by a single piece of plastic material.
• the indentations 24 of articulation on the piston form a housing substantially in a semicircle for free engagement of an axis 28.
• the notches 24 are provided in walls 29,30 parallel to each other and to the geometric axis of the piston, equidistant from these walls.
• the spacing between the walls 29, 30 is equal to the spacing between the hinge pins 28 of the two elementary links, while the thickness of the walls 29, 30 is smaller than the distance between the internal faces of the two parallel branches. of the same elementary link.
• Each wall 29, 30 is framed by two parallel branches of a single elementary rod.
• Each notch 24 is open in the opposite direction to the force exerted by the resilient blade 23 on the rod 14, which force pushes and maintains each axis 28 bearing against the bottom of the notch 24.
• the axle 28 is simply engaged in the notch 24, preferably without snapping.
• the assembly and disassembly of the link 14, with its two axes 28 respectively in the indentations 24, are particularly simple and fast.
• the pusher 18, as visible in FIG. 6, comprises a rod 31, for example of cruciform cross-section, guided in sliding in a well 32 (FIG. 2) of the piston.
• the rod 31 comprises, substantially mid-length, a groove 33 for receiving an O-ring 34 providing a tight sliding in the well 32.
• the upper end of the rod 18 is integral with a frame 35 having a transverse base integral with the upper end of the rod 18.
• the frame 35 also comprises two longitudinal walls 35a, 35b, parallel to the geometric axis of the rod 18, flanking the resilient blade 23 and connected at the top by a crossmember 36.
• Each wall 35a, 35b has at its base integral with the rod 18 a recess 22 substantially in a semicircle, opening on the opposite side to the rod 14.
• Each notch 22 receives one end of the hinge pin 20b, preferably snapped.
• the frame 35 forms a kind of gantry and the cross member 36 at the top is the high abutment of the pusher.
• the ends of the blade 23 preferably have a reduced width which determines the minimum allowable gap between the facing faces of the inner end walls of the housing 21 or 22.
• the pusher 18 with its frame 35 is also made of a single piece of plastic material.
• the mounting or dismounting of the pin 20b in the housings 22 is particularly simple and fast, by elastic deformation of the blade 23.
• the two longitudinal walls 35a, 35b of the gantry 35 comprise outwards, on either side of the zones provided with the indentations 22, protrusions 37, for example in the shape of a truncated pyramid, bounded by a planar top face parallel to the geometric axis of the rod 31 and orthogonal to the pin 20b.
• the projections 37 are adapted to cooperate with walls 38 (FIGS. 5 and 6) in the form of a straight dihedral, integral with the piston, guiding the gantry 35.
• the walls 38 are connected to the walls 30 along an edge parallel to the piston axis, on the opposite side to the indentations 24.
• the valves 16, 17 are mounted on the valve holder 15 (FIG.
• each housing 41 has two open housings 41 allowing a coupling, snap-fastening of the cylindrical rod of a valve 17, by a translation perpendicular to the plane of the frame 39.
• the lower edges of each housing 41 are housed, with a certain clearance in a direction parallel to the axis of the piston, between two flanges or disks 42a, 42b (Fig.4) secured to the rod of the flap.
• the valve itself is constituted by a disc having at its periphery a groove 43 (Fig.4) to receive a seal.
• valves 17 are provided on the bottom 6a of small section of the piston 4.
• the valves 17 are located on the side of the rod 14 relative to the piston 4.
• the upper horizontal side of the frame 39 extends beyond the vertical uprights of the frame and comprises, at each end, a laterally open housing 44 with a cross-section greater than a semicircle for receiving with a snap-fastening rod.
• cylindrical 45 (Fig.4) secured to the valve 16.
• the rod 45 comprises two flanges radially projecting between which is housed the housing wall 44.
• Two valves 16 are provided which correspond to two seats 45 on the large section 5 of the piston, symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the axis of the piston and orthogonal to the axis of pivoting of the rod 14.
• the valves 16 are oriented with their rod 45 directed upwards which is engaged through the opening of the seat for to be attached to the housing 44, on the same side of the large section 5 as the rod 14.
• the valve holder 15, 39 advantageously comprises, on its upper horizontal side, a stirrup 46 projecting upwardly flanking, by its lateral wings, the elastic blade 23 (FIG. 5).
• This stirrup 46 is designed to ensure, when it comes into abutment against the lid 3 of the envelope, for example as a result of a failure of a part of the engine, a machine operation in bypass (bypass) , the valves being kept open.
• the valve holder 15, 39 forms a single piece which can be made of molded plastic.
• Columns 47 three for example, having a cross-section with three branches, integral with the large section 5 of the piston, project upwards parallel to the axis of the piston and are distributed at 120 ° to one of the other in the vicinity of the periphery of the piston.
• the posts 47 constitute mechanical safety stops against the cover 3 of the envelope in the event of breakage of a part or overhead, the height of these posts 47 being provided accordingly.
• the piston 4 is provided at its large section and small section, sealing lips 48, 49 (Fig.6 and 7) facing towards each other.
• the sealing lips 48, 49 are provided on removable circular sealing rings 50, 51, clearly visible in FIG.
• the piston 4 can thus be molded in one piece, advantageously made of plastic.
• the sealing ring 50 provided at the level of the large section of the piston has a V profile whose concavity is turned towards the small section, that is to say downwards according to the representation drawings.
• This V-shaped profile is limited on the outside by the lip 48 which seals against the wall of the casing and, on the inside, by a slightly frustoconical lip 58 which seals against the piston.
• the ring 50 comprises, on the opposite side to the lips 48, 58, another frustoconical sealing lip 59 turned in the opposite direction, the diameter of which increases towards the cover of the casing.
• This lip 59 provides protection of the sealing zone between the piston and the envelope, at the level of the lip 48, against a fallout of abrasive particles.
• the circular ring 51 of the small section of the piston has a V-shaped cross section whose concavity is turned towards the II large section, that is to say upwards according to Fig.7.
• the outer arm of the V forms the sealing lip 49 between piston and casing.
• the outer wall of the piston 4, as shown in Fig.6, comprises two recessed areas such as 4a, extending under the seats of the valves 16 and allowing their vertical reciprocating movements.
• the motor M can be mounted in the following manner.
• the sealing rings 50, 51, shown in FIG. 7, can be assembled to the piston 4, by the bayonet fixing, before the valves are put in place.
• a subset (Fig. 6) can be constituted by engaging the pawn
• the pusher 18 comes to bear against an abutment linked to the cover 13, which causes under the effect of the leaf spring 23 the tilting of the link 14 towards the other low stable position, with movement of the door valves 15 to the bottom 6a of the piston.
• the valves 17 close while the valves 16 open.
• the pressurized liquid passes into the closed chamber 9 and the movement of the piston is reversed.
• Fig.11 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the pusher 18 whose stem
• the 31a is made in two parts 31b, 31c assembled removably.
• the upper part 31b is extended downwards by a cylindrical shaft 31 d of outside diameter smaller than that of the upper part of 31b.
• the lower part 31c is cylindrical tubular to receive the shaft 31 d.
• a lock is provided between the two parts, in particular by a bayonet system 31e, 31f provided at the lower end of the parts.
• the pusher seal is advantageously constituted by a plastic ring 34a of V section, double lip similar to the ring 51, but smaller diameter.
• the concavity of the V is preferably turned upwards.
• the ring 34a is mounted on the lower part 31c with a quarter-turn bayonet fixing system, similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.
• the hydraulic motor more generally the hydraulic machine, according to the invention can be made entirely of plastic, including the elastic means E formed by the blade 23, and has a high resistance to chemicals without any metal part, the number of component parts of the machine is greatly reduced. Assembly and maintenance are simplified and made easier.
• the mechanism for controlling the tilting of the rod 14 and the change of position of the valve holder 15, 39 is particularly simple of the three-point type.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
• Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
• Actuator (AREA)
• Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
• Shovels (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
• Adornments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=36353903

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (7)

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• 2006
  • 2006-01-13 FR FR0600315A patent/FR2896281B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-12-07 AT AT06841880T patent/ATE430878T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-12-07 ES ES06841880T patent/ES2326924T3/es active Active
  • 2006-12-07 JP JP2008549896A patent/JP5465434B2/ja active Active
  • 2006-12-07 BR BRPI0620997A patent/BRPI0620997B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-12-07 MX MX2008009067A patent/MX2008009067A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2006-12-07 EA EA200870165A patent/EA013712B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-12-07 UA UAA200810358A patent/UA90205C2/ru unknown
  • 2006-12-07 NZ NZ569650A patent/NZ569650A/en unknown
  • 2006-12-07 US US12/160,311 patent/US7975597B2/en active Active
  • 2006-12-07 DE DE602006006724T patent/DE602006006724D1/de active Active
  • 2006-12-07 WO PCT/FR2006/002673 patent/WO2007080249A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2006-12-07 CN CN2006800526839A patent/CN101371040B/zh active Active
  • 2006-12-07 EP EP06841880A patent/EP1971774B1/de active Active
  • 2006-12-07 AU AU2006334587A patent/AU2006334587B2/en active Active
  • 2006-12-07 CA CA2636627A patent/CA2636627C/fr active Active

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