EP1964664B1 - Procédé pour la commande d'une presse à poudre fabricant des pièces brutes - Google Patents

Procédé pour la commande d'une presse à poudre fabricant des pièces brutes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1964664B1
EP1964664B1 EP07003955.7A EP07003955A EP1964664B1 EP 1964664 B1 EP1964664 B1 EP 1964664B1 EP 07003955 A EP07003955 A EP 07003955A EP 1964664 B1 EP1964664 B1 EP 1964664B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dimensions
tolerance range
range
molding
moldings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07003955.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1964664A1 (fr
Inventor
Albert Rundel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Lauffer GmbH and Co KG
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Maschinenfabrik Lauffer GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Lauffer GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Lauffer GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP07003955.7A priority Critical patent/EP1964664B1/fr
Priority to US12/035,651 priority patent/US7774092B2/en
Publication of EP1964664A1 publication Critical patent/EP1964664A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1964664B1 publication Critical patent/EP1964664B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/005—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles
    • G07C3/14—Quality control systems
    • G07C3/146—Quality control systems during manufacturing process

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a press in the manufacture of pressed moldings of powdered or granular materials, with a pressing tool, an electronic control, as well as with a following on the pressing tool test station for the automatic detection of dimensions and for sorting of moldings from vibration-decoupling of the press, wherein the material is filled into a mold and compressed by moving at least one punch which is movable relative to the mold.
  • a press tool provided for this purpose consists in the simplest case of an upper and a lower punch and a forming die made of hardened steel or carbide. After filling the mold with, for example, powdered material, the powder is compacted by the punches of the pressing tool.
  • the at least one moving punch is driven by a suitable power drive, either mechanically or hydraulically.
  • An upper and a lower press cylinder is connected to the upper and the lower punch, which are associated with a die bore.
  • the powder is filled with retracted into the die bore lower punch with the help of a filling shoe.
  • An accurate dosage is achieved by then raising the lower punch by a predetermined amount and removing excess powder from the die plate surface by stripping. Thereafter, with the upper punch, which enters the die from above, the powder is compressed, whereby the lower punch can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the individual moldings of a series have an approximately equal density at substantially constant dimensions.
  • the maximum pressing force in the production of the shaped articles results in a variation, depending on the stamp stroke, which is determined by the filling quantity and the distribution of the powder in the mold. Due to changes in the powder due to environmental influences, a small difference in filling quantity or an inhomogeneous distribution of the powder in the mold, molded articles produced in succession can have a different weight or dimension after pressing. Even minor deviations from one another or given reference values can result in an increased scrap content after sintering.
  • This type of statistical process control serves to continuously monitor and, if necessary, correct the pressing process.
  • the production monitoring with the help of Statistical Process Control (SPC) is based on a random check of pressed moldings after the production of a part lot of a production lot.
  • a process control coupled to such a check of the moldings essentially serves to eliminate systematic influences and has a delayed effect on the pressing process.
  • This frequently practiced method has the particular disadvantage that any critical deviations that may occur are recognized too late and the correction of the punch stroke and / or the pressing pressure is initiated too late.
  • the document US4,354,811 discloses a multi-well hydraulic press apparatus and press dies for producing compacts.
  • the pressing device is equipped with an automatic test station, which detects the height of all compacts after the pressing process and rejects out-of-tolerance compacts by sorting.
  • the test station also automatically corrects the filling quantity of the cavities, depending on the height determined, by adjusting the position of the counter punches for the press rams.
  • the testing station is separated from the pressing station and thus vibration-decoupled. You are fed to the pressed compacts by means of a conveyor belt.
  • the publication DE 2 264 247 A describes a method for the production of moldings with tight height tolerances by means of a conventional press. After pressing, the height of a pressed blank is constantly detected with a scanner, which immediately triggers a stroke adjustment of the press ram when set tolerance values are exceeded.
  • the measuring station is coupled to the press control and cooperates with a pressure measuring device for the press dies, which also automatically changes the fill quantities of the cavities.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method for controlling a powder press for producing pressed moldings, with which moldings having constant dimensions can be produced within a predetermined tolerance, whereby systematic and random influences on the pressing process of moldings pressed in succession are counteracted at an early stage, so that the production lot has a reduced scattering of the dimensions of the moldings.
  • the document US 3,946,212 discloses a quality assurance system for the control of a grinding machine.
  • a mean value and the associated statistical spread of measured values are determined from a number of measured measured workpieces.
  • the tool is corrected only when the mass of the workpiece in the uncritical tolerance range approaches the limit to the critical tolerance range. In this case, a trend calculation takes place before the next machine cycle, which carries out a complex calculation of the spread of the mass of the workpieces.
  • a press For applying the control method according to the invention for a powder press for producing pressed moldings from powdered or granular materials, a press is used with a pressing tool having a mold for filling the material, and with at least one relative to the mold movable punch, wherein the pressing tool following a test station is provided for the automatic detection of dimensions of and for sorting of moldings, which is arranged vibration-decoupled from the press.
  • the press also has an electronic control and means for determining and automatically correcting the punch stroke.
  • the control and / or the test station are equipped with a memory in which measures determined by the test station can be stored together with set dimensions and tolerances assigned to the setpoint dimensions.
  • the controller can automatically compare the respectively measured (actual) dimensions with the desired dimensions and with the tolerances determined by tolerances limit and acts depending on the result on parameters of the pressing process, in particular the stroke of Press stamp.
  • the initiation of an automatic correction of the punch stroke by the electronic control takes place.
  • the detection of the dimensions of the molding can be made without contact or with contact to the molding. It is important, however, that the detection of one or more tolerance-critical dimensions of the molding in the test station is not affected by vibrations from the press. This is ensured by the vibration isolation of the test station from the press.
  • a central control with a memory for storing press operating parameters, press tool parameters and set and actual state variables of the moldings is equipped.
  • the central control and the memory may be part of the press, the pressing tool, the test station or one of the coupled control device.
  • a test station which is arranged externally of the press and has a weighing device and one or more measuring devices for tolerance-critical dimensions.
  • the press external testing station is not mechanically connected to the press and thus protected against interference by the press.
  • the pressed moldings are automatically fed directly after pressing. This can be done for example with a conveyor belt or preferably with a pick-place handling system or the like.
  • a handling system is particularly useful to perform a positionally accurate positioning for the measurement of tolerances critical dimensions.
  • With the weighing device the weight of the molding to determine its density can be determined. It is advantageous to equip the test station for the acquisition of several dimensions with more than one measuring device and for an accurate measurement with an automatic cleaning device for the weighing device and / or the measuring device.
  • the cleaning device can remove particles lost from moldings in the measuring station by blowing off, sucking off or mechanically wiping them off. In addition to accurate weighing of the molded article, an accurate determination of its tolerance-critical dimensions is thus also possible, since an inclined position of the molded article is excluded in determining the dimensions.
  • the inspection station has a sorting device for the moldings.
  • the sorting device After the determination of weight and / or tolerance-critical dimension and assignment to one of the tolerance ranges, the shaped articles can fall, depending on the valency of the tolerance range in which they fall, be sorted out automatically. For example, moldings which can not be assigned any of the specified tolerance ranges can be sorted out of the production lot simply and reliably.
  • the punch stroke is changed such that the dimensions of the next but one molding are closer to the nominal value for the molding, preferably a tolerance range can be assigned, which has a lower valency compared to the currently measured molding.
  • the scheme does not start only when a number of moldings is not in order.
  • the control is used even in the case of deviations which are still within the limits, in particular in a tolerance range with noncritical significance.
  • the dimensions of the molding are permanently changed step by step by changing the Stempelhubes from a tolerance range with critical valence to a tolerance range with less critical valence, in particular with the desired uncritical significance, so that the dispersion of the established dimensions of the moldings in the production lot is significantly reduced.
  • the method no correction of the punch stroke in the assignment of the respective instruments to a first tolerance range, a correction of the punch stroke in the assignment of the respective dimensions to a second, adjacent to the first tolerance range tolerance range, and stopping the Stempelhubes at any assignment of respective dimensions introduced to the first or second tolerance range.
  • the first tolerance range is the narrower tolerance range around the nominal value for the molding.
  • the first tolerance range is understood to be the target tolerance range in molding of the blank, with the aim of allowing the random spread to be one to two times the standard deviation of the Gaussian curve within this tolerance range. A correction of the punch stroke is not necessary for this case and therefore not provided.
  • the first tolerance range is followed by a second tolerance range with a higher priority, which reaches up to the specified permissible limit value. Dimensions which can not be assigned to the first or second tolerance range are not permitted, so that the punch stroke is stopped in this case, since a number of process parameters usually have to be changed to correct them.
  • the dimensional change can be effected by adapting a single process parameter, namely by correcting the punch stroke.
  • first several, preferably three, subsequent moldings are measured to determine whether it is a systematic or random effect. If this is a systematic influence that causes the first action area to be assigned to several pieces in succession, then the punch stroke is corrected to affect the dimensions of subsequent moldings in the direction of the first tolerance range.
  • warning can be signaled optically and / or acoustically.
  • further measures to improve the dimensional stability can be initiated to reduce the dispersion of the dimensions of the moldings in the production lot.
  • molded articles with dimensions which extend beyond the second action range are automatically sorted out after the test procedure.
  • critical moldings are removed from the manufacturing process in order to save unnecessary costs for a subsequent sintering process with or without subsequent sizing presses.
  • the proposed procedure will perform an automatic 100% automatic correction check on the lot, eliminating the need for sampling and eliminating rejects.
  • a powder press 1 according to the invention shown symbolically, with a pressing tool 2, has an upper punch 3 and a lower punch 4, which can be moved into a die 5.
  • the die 5 contains a mold 6 for a molding 7, which is already pressed and demolded in the figure.
  • An immediately before pressed molding 7 is inserted in a decoupled from the press 1 test station 8.
  • a symbolically illustrated measuring device 9 in particular for the height, the molding 7 is measured in the axial direction.
  • an automatic weighing process can be carried out there.
  • the detected tolerance-critical measured values 22 are stored in a memory 10 of a controller 11 of an operating device 12 of the press 1. With the controller 11, the punch stroke of the upper punch 3 and the lower punch 4 can be influenced.
  • a gripper 13 is provided for automatic displacement of the molding 7 from the press tool 2 arranged in the press 1 to the test station 8.
  • the test station 8 is still equipped with a cleaning device 14 in the form of a blowing device, which cleans a measuring receptacle 15 for the molding to be measured 7 before supplying a molding 7 of powder residues.
  • the same or a further cleaning device 14 can also clean the weighing device.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of the method according to the invention for controlling a powder press 1.
  • predetermined nominal dimensions 20 and predetermined Eckstructureen 23 limit dimensions 21 are determined for the molding 7, which are limited to the Eckhenen 23.
  • first and second tolerance ranges 16, 17 and action areas 18, 19 set for the second tolerance range 17, and the punch stroke of the punch 3, 4 of the pressing tool 2 determined.
  • the dimensions are assigned to the first tolerance range 16 or the second tolerance range 17, in particular a first action range 18 or a second action range 19 of the second tolerance range 17, depending on their deviation from the desired value 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de commande d'une presse (1) lors de la fabrication d'ébauches pressées (7) en des matériaux pulvérulents ou granulaires, comprenant un outil de pressage (2), une commande électronique (11), ainsi qu'un poste de contrôle (8) qui est situé dans la succession dudit outil de pressage (2), est dévolu à la détection automatique de cotes (22), ainsi qu'au triage d'exclusion d'ébauches (7), et est découplé en vibration vis-à-vis de la presse (1), procédé dans lequel le matériau est déversé dans un moule (6), puis comprimé par mise en mouvement d'au moins un poinçon (3, 4) mobile par rapport audit moule (6), incluant les étapes suivantes :
    • détermination et correction automatique de la course du poinçon, au moyen de la commande électronique (11), sachant qu'il est procédé comme suit :
    • consignation d'une marge de tolérances globale déterminée par des cotes limites (21) et se rapportant à une ou plusieurs cote(s) de l'ébauche (7) devant être contrôlée(s) ;
    • subdivision de ladite marge de tolérances globale, se rapportant à une telle cote, en une plage de tolérances (16) non critique et en une plage de tolérances (17) critique, qui avoisinent une valeur de consigne (20) ;
    • subdivision de ladite plage de tolérances critique (17) en une première zone d'action (18) et en une seconde zone d'action (19) attenante à cette dernière, présentant une valence différente, la valence attribuée à ladite seconde zone d'action (19) étant supérieure à celle de ladite première zone d'action (18) ;
    • mémorisation des valeurs de consigne (20) dans une mémoire (10) du poste de contrôle (8), conjointement aux plages de tolérances (16, 17) et aux zones d'action (18, 19) se rapportant aux cotes à contrôler ;
    • détection de cotes de l'ébauche (7) devant être contrôlées, dans un poste de contrôle automatique (8), dans la continuité directe du processus de pressage considéré ;
    • mémorisation, dans la mémoire (10), des cotes respectives détectées (22);
    • attribution des cotes respectives (22) détectées en dernier, à la plage de tolérances (16) non critique ou à l'une des zones d'action (18, 19) de la plage de tolérances (17) critique, en fonction de l'écart vis-à-vis des valeurs de consigne correspondantes ; et
    • lancement d'une correction automatique immédiate de la course du poinçon pour les cas dans lesquels la cote (22), détectée en dernier, ne peut pas être attribuée à la plage de tolérances (16, 17) non critique ou critique ; dans lesquels ladite cote (22), détectée en dernier, vient se placer dans la seconde zone d'action (19) de la plage de tolérances critique (17) dont la valence est supérieure ; ou dans lesquels plusieurs cotes (22) sont ensuite affectées à la première zone d'action (18) de ladite plage de tolérances critique (17), l'ébauche (7) étant vouée au rebut uniquement lorsque sa cote (22) se situe en dehors desdites plages de tolérances (16, 17).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par l'utilisation, en vue de déterminer les plages de tolérances (16, 17) se rapportant aux cotes (22), de cotes limites (21) relatives à l'ébauche (7) et restreintes vis-à-vis de cotes d'angle préétablies (23) maximales et minimales de ladite ébauche (7).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait
    • qu'aucune correction de la course du poinçon n'est lancée lors de l'attribution des cotes respectives (22) à une première plage de tolérances (16) ;
    • qu'une correction de la course dudit poinçon est lancée lors de l'attribution desdites cotes respectives (22) à une seconde plage de tolérances (17), attenante à ladite première plage de tolérances (16) ; et
    • qu'une immobilisation de ladite course du poinçon est lancée en l'absence d'attribution desdites cotes respectives (22) à la première ou à la seconde plage de tolérances (16, 17).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que trois cotes (22), attribuées en succession à la première zone d'action (18), provoquent une correction immédiate de la course du poinçon.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que plusieurs cotes (22) de préférence au nombre de deux, attribuées en succession à la seconde zone d'action (19), provoquent l'émission d'un message d'alerte et/ou une immobilisation de la course du poinçon.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que des ébauches (7), pourvues de cotes (22) ne pouvant pas être attribuées à la première ou à la seconde plage de tolérances (16, 17), sont mises automatiquement à l'écart après le poste de contrôle (8).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les cotes (22) des ébauches (7) sont détectées dans un poste de contrôle (8) éloigné d'un outil de pressage (2), de préférence extérieur à des presses (1).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les ébauches pressées (7) sont automatiquement délivrées au poste de contrôle (8), et les cotes (22) sont automatiquement établies par un dispositif de mesure (9) dudit poste de contrôle (8).
EP07003955.7A 2007-02-27 2007-02-27 Procédé pour la commande d'une presse à poudre fabricant des pièces brutes Active EP1964664B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07003955.7A EP1964664B1 (fr) 2007-02-27 2007-02-27 Procédé pour la commande d'une presse à poudre fabricant des pièces brutes
US12/035,651 US7774092B2 (en) 2007-02-27 2008-02-22 Process for the press control of a powder metal press in the production of moldings

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07003955.7A EP1964664B1 (fr) 2007-02-27 2007-02-27 Procédé pour la commande d'une presse à poudre fabricant des pièces brutes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1964664A1 EP1964664A1 (fr) 2008-09-03
EP1964664B1 true EP1964664B1 (fr) 2013-11-20

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US (1) US7774092B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1964664B1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019185286A1 (fr) 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 Dorst Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé d'étalonnage

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DE102012004936A1 (de) 2012-02-28 2013-08-29 Ulrich Viebahn Kunststoff-Pressstation sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststoffteilen mittels einer solchen Pressstation
DE102013110458A1 (de) * 2013-09-22 2015-03-26 Dorst Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Pressenanordnung und Pressenanordnungs-Handhabungsvorrichtung
CN103639410B (zh) * 2013-11-28 2015-07-01 山西中泰源工业自动化设备有限公司 用于磁性材料压铸成型的机器人系统中的模具整理工作台

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019185286A1 (fr) 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 Dorst Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé d'étalonnage

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Publication number Publication date
US20080206384A1 (en) 2008-08-28
US7774092B2 (en) 2010-08-10
EP1964664A1 (fr) 2008-09-03

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