EP1959206B1 - Floor device and method for venting , heating or cooling a room - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for ventilating, heating and / or cooling a room.

It is known to draw in room air of a room by means of a fan, wherein the sucked room air induces outside air, which mixes with the room air downstream of the fan and that the thus formed mixed air is passed through a heat exchanger, which serves to heat or cool the mixed air. The mixed air enters the room as impulse-poor source air flow in the floor area. Although the known procedure creates a relatively pleasant room climate, this should be improved.

From the EP-A-0726427 A discloses a method for ventilating and / or heating a room, in which temperature-treated primary air in the floor area of the room emerges horizontally as source air and, adjacent thereto, temperature-treated secondary air rises.

From the JP 6159785 A a method for air conditioning is known in which outside air is sucked by a fan and introduced into a double floor space. Through openings in the floor, the pumped air flows into a room to be conditioned. Furthermore, room air is sucked in by a further fan, fed to a heat exchanger and injected vertically upwards again into the room.

From the DE 10164733 A1 a method for cooling, heating and / or ventilating a room is known in which outside air is sucked in the floor area of the room and fed to an induction device. The induction device blows the air into one Chamber, which is associated with a heat exchanger. The blown air enters the room. Due to the induction effect of the induction device, room air flows through the heat exchanger and mixes with the outside air emerging from the induction device. In addition, it is possible to suck in room air from a fan of the induction device.

The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above, which brings about a particularly pleasant room climate.

This object is achieved by the method of claim 1. The air stratification contributes to a particularly pleasant room climate. The lower layer of the stratification is formed by the source ventilation of the primary air and the upper layer of the air stratification by the mixed source ventilation of the secondary air, the mixed source ventilation is characterized in that its flow rate / momentum is so large that induces air in the air laterally room air becomes. This induction essentially takes place in the exit zone of the secondary air and is no longer present when the secondary air settles on the primary air or pushes, that is, where the momentum and thus the flow velocity is correspondingly reduced.

The primary air has such a small impulse that the source ventilation takes place. The secondary air has a larger, namely a strong pulse, so that room air is induced in the air flow, thus causing an air mixture and therefore the mixed source ventilation is present.

As primary air, outside air is preferably used. As secondary air, room air is preferably used.

As already mentioned, the momentum with which the secondary air enters the room is chosen to be so large that room air is induced in the secondary air flow, so that the mixed source air flow thus formed has both temperature-treated or temperature-untreated secondary air and induced room air.

According to a further development, provision is preferably made for the source air and the mixed source air to enter the room in the vicinity of a facade of the room in the floor area. For this purpose, for example, floor outlet grille or the like may be provided. These outlet grilles are aligned with the floor of the room.

In some embodiments, it is provided that the air outlet of the primary air to the air outlet of the secondary air is spaced, in particular horizontally spaced. The two Bodenauslassgitter thus are not immediately adjacent to each other, but have a distance between them, which is large enough that the exiting air flows initially, ie in the exit area, do not touch, but only with distance to these outlets and after they essentially have horizontal flow directions meet. Alternatively, it is provided in some embodiments that the air outlet of the primary air is immediately adjacent to the air outlet of the secondary air. Also in this case, the two air currents do not interfere or at most smaller amounts of air flow both streams are mixed together before the horizontal currents superimpose.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the source air and the mixed source air enter the room in the vicinity of a facade of the room. The arrangement is preferably made such that the outlet of the secondary air is closer to the facade than the exit of the primary air. In particular, it can be provided that the mixed source air is introduced into the room in such a way that it flows upwards along an area of the facade. In the further course of flow, it then dissolves from the facade, flows approximately horizontally or inclined - at a vertical distance - over the exit point of the primary air, then flows obliquely down and then settles - laterally with distance to the exit point of the primary air - as an approximately horizontal flow over the primary air.

Preferably, it is provided that the primary air is supplied by a central device, in particular climate control center. In such a case, there is a central ventilation system. The primary air is preferably conducted by means of a primary air channel from the central device, in particular central air conditioning, to the corresponding room, which is to be ventilated or heated and / or cooled. Alternatively it can be provided that the primary air is supplied by a decentralized air conveyor. Then there is a decentralized ventilation device that does not require a central air conditioning unit and the like and therefore also no air distribution duct system.

It is advantageous if the secondary air is conveyed by a decentralized air conveying device. In particular, therefore, preferably two air conveyors are provided, namely one for the primary air and one for the secondary air, this configuration leading to a decentralized device.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the temperature treatment of the primary air is carried out by means of a primary air heat exchanger. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the temperature treatment of the secondary air is carried out by means of a secondary air heat exchanger. In particular, primary air heat exchangers and secondary air heat exchangers can be designed as a common heat exchanger and used in this way. This means that two heat exchangers are combined as a unit, but have separate pipe systems, or that a common heat exchanger has only one pipe system, wherein the separation between the primary air heat exchanger and the secondary air heat exchanger is performed by acting only on the air partition wall.

In particular, the procedure is such that the flow of the mixed source air above the outlet of the source air has a vertical distance to the local flow of the source air. The secondary air exiting initially vertically upward or approximately vertically upward with a correspondingly strong momentum changes its direction in the course of its flow in such a way that it flows substantially horizontally, so that the mentioned vertical distance to the outlet of the source air is present. Subsequently, the source air flow continues to fall down, that is, it has an obliquely downward flow direction in order to approach the source ventilation causing primary air further. If the two air streams of source air and mixed source air finally meet then the mentioned air stratification is formed there. In the area of the air stratification is the stay zone of the room, in which a particularly pleasant room climate prevails.

The invention further relates to a device for ventilating, heating and / or cooling a room according to claim 14 in order to carry out the method mentioned above. The two air flows initially arcuate, the secondary air passes through a much larger arc, and then flow approximately horizontally.

It is advantageous if the device is designed as a central device having a primary air connection. This primary air connection must be supplied by an air center or the like primary air. This is done for example via a primary air line.

Alternatively it can be provided that the device is designed as a decentralized device having a primary air conveyor, in particular a primary air fan, preferably Primärluftradialventilator, and a primary air heat exchanger. By means of the primary air conveyor primary air, especially outside air, in the immediate vicinity of the device, for example, sucked on the facade of the room, upstream or downstream of the primary air conveyor is the primary air heat exchanger to optionally carry out a temperature treatment.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if a secondary air conveying device, in particular a secondary air fan, preferably a secondary air crossflow fan, is provided so that the intake of ambient air from the space can take place by means of this device. Upstream or downstream of this secondary air conveyor is the secondary air heat exchanger so that tion from a secondary air outlet directed upward or obliquely upward as mixed source air enters the room and then lays or slides with substantially horizontal flow over the source air, so that a (horizontal) air stratification arises. Both air flows initially arcuate, the secondary air passes through a much larger arc, and then flow approximately horizontally.

It is advantageous if the device is designed as a central device having a primary air connection. This primary air connection must be supplied by an air center or the like primary air. This is done for example via a primary air line.

Alternatively it can be provided that the device is designed as a decentralized device having a primary air conveyor, in particular a primary air fan, preferably Primärluftradialventilator, and a primary air heat exchanger. By means of the primary air conveyor primary air, especially outside air, in the immediate vicinity of the device, for example, sucked on the facade of the room, upstream or downstream of the primary air conveyor is the primary air heat exchanger to optionally carry out a temperature treatment.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if a secondary air conveying device, in particular a secondary air fan, preferably a secondary air crossflow fan, is provided so that the intake of ambient air from the space can take place by means of this device. Upstream or downstream of this secondary air conveyor is the secondary air heat exchanger so that the secondary air, in particular room air, can optionally be heat-treated.

Figur 1

eine Vorrichtung zum Lüften, Heizen und/oder Kühlen eines Raumes nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,

Figur 2

eine entsprechende Vorrichtung nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel,

Figur 3

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Lüften, Heizen und/oder Kühlen und

Figur 4

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Lüften, Heizen und/oder Kühlen.

The drawing illustrates the invention with reference to two embodiments, namely:

FIG. 1

a device for ventilating, heating and / or cooling a room according to a first embodiment,

FIG. 2

a corresponding device according to a further embodiment,

FIG. 3

a further embodiment of a device for ventilation, heating and / or cooling and

FIG. 4

a further embodiment of a device for ventilation, heating and / or cooling.

The FIG. 1 shows a section of a room 1 of a building, not shown. The room 1 has a facade 2, which may be formed, for example, as a window facade. A floor 3 of the room 1 is designed, for example, as an unfolded floor, so that a ventilation device 5 can be accommodated in a floor cavity 4. The ventilation device 5 is therefore designed as underfloor device 6, ie as a bottom device 7, and is located close to, in particular adjacent to the facade 2. The ventilation device 5 is used for ventilation, heating and / or cooling of the room. 1

The ventilation device 5 has a primary air device 8 and a secondary air device 9, wherein the two devices 8 and 9 are summarized in a total device. It is conceivable that the primary air device 8 as a module and also the secondary air device 9 are designed as a module, so that the ventilation device 5 can be composed of these two modules.

The primary air device 8 has one of the FIG. 1 non-emergent primary air connection (in the FIG. 2 provided with the reference numeral 10), to which a primary air line, not shown, is connected. By means of the primary air line, primary air 11, in particular conditioned primary air, preferably treated outside air, is supplied by a central device of the building, in particular by a climate control center, which passes through a primary air heat exchanger 12 of the device 5, which adjoins a primary air outlet 13 of the device 5. The Primärluftauslass 13 is aligned with the floor 3 of the room. 1

The secondary air device 9 has a secondary air inlet 14, which leads to a secondary air heat exchanger 15. Downstream of the secondary air heat exchanger 15 is a secondary air conveyor 16, which is designed as a secondary air fan 17, in particular cross-flow secondary air fan 18. Downstream of the secondary air conveyor 16 is a secondary air outlet 19 located at the level of the floor 3.

The arrangement may in particular be such that primary air outlet 13, secondary air inlet 14 and secondary air outlet 19 are covered by means of one and the same floor outlet grille 20. The Bodenauslassgitter 20 is aligned with the floor 3 and preferably adjacent to the facade 2 at. The secondary air outlet 19 is closest to the facade 2; It then follows at a distance from the secondary air inlet 14 and then - with a little greater distance from the facade 2 - the primary air outlet 13. It can be provided that primary air outlet 13 and secondary air inlet 14 are adjacent to each other. In the embodiments of the Figures 1 and 2 it is provided that the primary air outlet 13 has a distance, in particular a horizontal distance, to the secondary air outlet 19.

The primary air heat exchanger 12 may be formed separately from the secondary air heat exchanger 15, wherein - in the embodiment of FIG. 1 - The two heat exchangers 12 and 15 standing upright and adjacent to each other are arranged. The two heat exchangers 12 and 15 are each connected to a water system, is pumped through the cold or hot water, so that the respective air flow can be cooled or heated. Alternatively, it is also possible that the two heat exchangers 12 and 15 are combined as a common component, wherein they are air-technically separated from each other by a partition, but the water cycle is the same for both heat exchanger units.

This results in the following mode of operation: The supplied primary air 11, in particular outside air 11 ', passes through the primary air heat exchanger 12 and exits vertically directed upward or approximately vertically upward from the primary air outlet 13 with a low impulse. This small impulse causes the thus formed, upward primary air flow 21 passes already above the floor 3 in a flow arc, so that the primary air flow 21 passes into a horizontal flow 22, then a light downwardly inclined flow 23 forms and finally passes after passing a slightly opposite curved arc 24 in a horizontal flow 25 '. This primary air flow 21 forms a source ventilation 31 as source air 34, that is, the primary air 11 flows at a relatively low speed in the direction of the center of the room, while it sweeps along the floor 3 of the room 1.

By means of the secondary air conveyor 16 secondary air 25, namely room air 26, is drawn from the room 1, which enters the located between the Primärluftauslass 13 and Sekundärluftauslass 19 secondary air inlet 14, the secondary air heat exchanger 15 passes through and then vertically upwards or approximately vertically upwards from the secondary air outlet 19 is ejected with strong impulse. This preferably takes place in such a way that the secondary air 25, which may have been heat-treated by means of the secondary air heat exchanger 15, ie cooled or heated, ascends along an area 27 of the facade 2 and then makes a change of direction in the direction of the center of the room 1. That is, the secondary air stream 28 describes a similar, but much more sweeping arc with respect to the primary air 11. Following the detachment from the facade 2, the secondary air 25 transitions into an approximately horizontal flow 29 having a vertical distance to the primary air outlet 13, that primary air 11 and secondary air 25 have little or no contact. Subsequently, the arcuate secondary air stream 28 lowers with slightly downward flow 30 and then also goes into a slight curve 31 ', which is opposite to the previous air guide path opposite curved and then lies down - especially laterally spaced to the primary air outlet 13 - approximately in parallel flow to the source air 34 from above to the primary air 11. In the area of the coincidence, the secondary air 25 - also like the primary air 11 - a horizontal flow 32, 32 ', so due to the two superimposed layers of primary air 11th and secondary air 25, an air layer 33 'is formed, which moves slowly towards the center of the room 1. The secondary air 25 forms after leaving the secondary air outlet 19, a mixed source air 33, so that this air causes a mixed source ventilation 35. This means that due to the strong entrance impulse of the secondary air 25 into the room 1 room air 26 is induced according to the indicated arrows 36 in the secondary air stream 28. However, the induction takes place only in a subsequent to the Sekundärluftauslass 19 section of the secondary air flow of the secondary air stream 28 and is no longer present when the secondary air 25 overlaps the primary air 11.

The primary air device 8 may have a control and storage flap for the primary air 11. As a result, the amount of fresh air supplied, in particular outside air 11 ', can be adjusted in terms of its volume flow.

The FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment, which is substantially the embodiment of the FIG. 1 so that only the differences are discussed below. The differences are that the two heat exchangers, namely the primary air heat exchanger 12 and the secondary air heat exchanger 15 are not arranged upright standing in the ventilation device 5, but lying, next to each other and preferably directly adjacent to the Bodenauslassgitter 20th The embodiments of the Figures 1 and 2 each show a ventilation device 5, which is designed as a central ventilation device 5, because the primary air 11 is supplied from a central device via an air duct or the like. Alternatively, it is possible that the embodiments of the Figures 1 and 2 have decentralized ventilation devices 5. This training is given when no air center is present, which supplies the primary air by means of an air line, but when the ventilation device 5 each makes a primary air supply itself. This can be done in each case in that the primary air device 8 has a primary air conveyor, in particular a primary air fan, preferably a radial primary air fan, with the primary air 11, namely outside air 11 ', sucked from the facade 2 ago and the primary air heat exchanger 12 is supplied. Otherwise, these two, not shown embodiments correspond to the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 so that reference is made to them.

The FIGS. 3 and 4 show two further embodiments of the invention, for which all the above explanations apply mutatis mutandis, so reference is made to the above description. Different from the embodiments of the Figures 1 and 2 is at the FIGS. 3 and 4 merely that there is another arrangement of primary air outlet 13, secondary air inlet 14 and secondary air outlet 19. In the embodiments of the FIGS. 3 and 4 the design is such that primary air outlet 13 and secondary air outlet 19 are arranged closely adjacent to one another, in particular laterally adjacent to one another. The secondary air inlet 14 is at a distance from the primary air outlet 13 and the secondary air outlet 19 and is preferably located near the facade 2. Opposite the FIG. 1 are in the embodiment of FIG. 3 Primary air heat exchanger 12 and secondary air heat exchanger 15 spaced from each other, but they both occupy an upright position. The secondary air heat exchanger 15 preferably directly adjoins the facade 2. Secondary air 25 drawn from the space 1 from the secondary air conveyor 16 enters the secondary air inlet 14, then passes through the secondary air heat exchanger 15 and is discharged from the secondary air outlet 19 immediately adjacent to the primary air outlet 13.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4 lie - compared to the embodiment of FIG. 2 - appropriate conditions before, ie, primary air heat exchanger 12 and secondary air heat exchanger 15 are not adjacent to each other, but have between them a lateral distance, where they are both installed horizontally. Also in the embodiment of FIG. 4 the primary air outlet 13 is arranged directly laterally adjacent to the secondary air outlet 19.

In the embodiments of the FIGS. 3 and 4 In spite of the adjacent position of primary air outlet 13 and secondary air outlet 19, there is no fundamentally different air distribution as in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS Figures 1 and 2 but also here form the two air currents, namely from the mixed source air 33 and the source air 34, corresponding arcuately and then lead to horizontal flows, with the mixed source air 33 lays or pushes over the source air 34, so that an air layer 33 'is formed.

Claims (18)

1. Process for ventilating, heating and/or cooling a room (1), in which temperature-treated or temperature-untreated primary air (11) exits at a low momentum in the floor area of the room (1) perpendicularly upward or obliquely upward as source air (34) and then flows over the floor (3) essentially with a horizontal flow and, adjacent to this, temperature-treated or temperature-untreated secondary air (25) is ejected at a strong momentum in the floor area of the room (1) perpendicularly upward or obliquely upward, wherein the momentum of the secondary air (25) entering the room (1) is selected appropriately large such that room air (26) is induced into the secondary air flow (28) such that the flow of mixed source air thus formed comprises both secondary air (25) and induced room air (26) and such that the mixed source air (33), due to reduction of its momentum, becomes layered or pushed over the source air (34) essentially with a horizontal flow such that a layering of air (33') arises.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that outside air (11') is used as primary air (11).
3. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that room air (26) is used as secondary air (25).
4. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the source air (34) and the mixed source air (33) enter the room (1) in the floor area, near a facade (2) of the room (1).
5. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the primary air (11) is delivered by a central facility, in particular a central air-conditioning apparatus.
6. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the primary air (11) is delivered by a decentralised air conveying facility.
7. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the secondary air (25) is conveyed by a decentralised air conveying device (16).
8. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the temperature treatment of the primary air (11) is carried out by means of a primary air heat exchanger (12).
9. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the temperature treatment of the secondary air (25) is carried out by means of a secondary air heat exchanger (15).
10. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that primary air heat exchanger (12) and secondary air heat exchanger (15) are designed and used as a joint heat exchanger.
11. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the mixed source air (33) flows, in ascending direction, along an area of the façade (2) of the room (1).
12. Process according claim 11, characterised in that the outlet of the secondary air (25) is closer to the façade (2) than the outlet of the primary air (11).
13. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flow of the mixed source air (33) above the outlet of the source air (34) is at a vertical distance from the flow of the source air (34) in this place.
14. Device for ventilation, heating and/or cooling of a room (1), for carrying out the process according to any one or more of the preceding claims, comprising a primary air facility (8) and a secondary air facility (9) that comprises a secondary air heat exchanger (15) for a possible temperature treatment of secondary air (25), whereby the device (5) is designed as a floor-mounted unit (7), and the primary air facility (8) is provided with a primary air outlet (13) such that primary air (11) enters the room (1) directed upwards or obliquely upwards at a low momentum as source air (34) and then spreads over the floor (3) of the room (1) essentially at a horizontal flow, and wherein the secondary air facility (9) is provided with a secondary air outlet (19) such that secondary air (25) enters the room (1) directed upwards or obliquely upwards at a high momentum, followed by room air (26) being induced and the flow of mixed source air (33) thus formed, due to reduction of the momentum of the mixed source air (33), becoming layered or pushed over the source air (34) essentially with a horizontal flow such that a layering of air (33') arises.
15. Device according to claim 14, characterised by it being designed as a central device (5) that comprises a primary air connector (10).
16. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 14 or 15, characterised by being designed as a decentralised device (5) that comprises a primary air conveying facility, in particular a primary air fan, and a primary air heat exchanger.
17. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 14 to 16, characterised in that the outlets of primary air and secondary air are situated at a distance from each other, in particular aside from each other, or immediately adjacent to each other.
18. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 14 to 17, characterised by a secondary air conveying facility (16), in particular a secondary air fan (17).

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