EP1944432B1 - Composant inhibiteur d'explosion - Google Patents

Composant inhibiteur d'explosion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1944432B1
EP1944432B1 EP20080000043 EP08000043A EP1944432B1 EP 1944432 B1 EP1944432 B1 EP 1944432B1 EP 20080000043 EP20080000043 EP 20080000043 EP 08000043 A EP08000043 A EP 08000043A EP 1944432 B1 EP1944432 B1 EP 1944432B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
shaped
transmission elements
structural element
shaped component
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP20080000043
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1944432A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinrich Sälzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saelzer Sicherheitstechnik GmbH
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Saelzer Sicherheitstechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP1944432A1 publication Critical patent/EP1944432A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/12—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against air pressure, explosion, or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/013—Mounting or securing armour plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
    • F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an explosion-retardant component having a first plate-shaped component which forms a wall, ceiling or bottom surface of an interior or a building facade, a second plate-shaped component which is aligned parallel to the first plate-shaped component, and in a gap between the two Components arranged transmission elements, which are supported on opposite sides, each with at least one contact area on each one of the two plate-shaped components, wherein the first plate-shaped member under the action of an explosion-induced increased air pressure substantially perpendicular to the second plate-shaped member is movable, wherein the atiisurtgsetti under preferably plastic deformation of their self absorb energy and the plate-shaped components are arranged substantially congruent to each other and the transmission elements substantially over the entire Flä surface of the plate-shaped components are arranged distributed.
  • Such an explosion-retardant component is in the form of a security window with specially designed frame legs of the DE 37 44 816 A1 known.
  • the first plate-shaped component is formed by a filling consisting of an extremely pressure-resistant armored glass with a frame leg enclosing this U-shaped frame.
  • the transmission element consists of a zigzag-shaped sheet metal strip, which is arranged in a space between an inner rectangular section steel of the frame leg and a portion of the belt of a T-shaped or double-T-shaped steel profile which forms the second plate-shaped component.
  • the object of the known construction is to produce a frame leg of a profile combination, which - even if the profile parts have relatively weakly dimensioned cross sections - allows to absorb resulting from an explosives attack large forces without costly or space consuming or vorzuspannende and montageaufwcnige damping means ,
  • a bullet-proof wall of several metal sheets As an example of a bullet-proof wall of several metal sheets, but which is to serve for the equipment of passenger cars, is the DE 2 325 921 A1 called. In order to be able to equip a vehicle with a bullet-proof element, this must not exceed a certain weight despite the high requirements for bullet resistance.
  • the invention has for its object to propose an explosion-retardant component with two plate-shaped components, in which large amounts of energy can be absorbed by the transmission elements in their deformation.
  • this object is achieved in that at least one contact region of a transmission element in the course of its explosion-induced deformation on the surface of the associated plate-shaped member is movable along.
  • the transmission elements are arranged only in a comparatively small overlap area between the plate-shaped components and therefore in terms of their areal extent, but also their maximum energy absorption capacity, rather small are now given an almost complete overlap of the plate-shaped components, which, moreover, preferably matching sizes, ie base areas, have.
  • the construction according to the invention is thus characterized by a very large-scale pressure transmission from the area with an explosively increased air pressure and an equally large-scale arrangement of transmission elements, which in turn very large area supported on the rear plate-shaped component, which thus a kind of abutment element for the power dissipation in others correspondingly stable or solidly designed building parts represents.
  • the components according to the invention are therefore particularly suitable for large-area arrangement side by side - preferably with the release of only a small gap between adjacent elements - on walls, ceilings and / or floors, so that in extreme cases, all wall, ceiling and floor surfaces, for example, a
  • the contact region of a transmission element in the course of its explosive deformation on the surface of the associated plate-shaped member is movable along, a significantly higher deformation of the transmission element is possible when pressure forces occur due to an explosives attack.
  • the transmission elements according to the application can move relative to the surfaces of the plate-shaped components, as a result of which significantly higher deformations are possible and higher forces can be converted into deformation energy. The reduction of explosive pressure forces is thus optimized.
  • a contact region of a transmission element - viewed in a direction parallel to the planes defined by the plate-shaped components - is arranged at a distance to a contact region of an adjacent transmission element.
  • the distance should be selected accordingly.
  • both plate-shaped components can be provided with transmission elements which then engage in the manner of a zipper when the components are assembled.
  • connection between one of the plate-shaped components and the transmission elements should be designed such that their predictable deformation is not hindered by any connecting elements or connection points.
  • relative displacements parallel to the plane of the plate should be possible in contact areas between the transmission elements and one of the plate-shaped components, since the reduction of the thickness occurring as a result of the deformation of the transmission elements is typically accompanied by an increase in the width thereof, so that in connection with FIGS the transmission elements effective pressure forces Relativverschiebache between the components occur.
  • the two plate-shaped components are connected to one another only in their edge regions in such a way that the connection can transmit tensile forces. Accordingly, there are no connection points within the component, which could possibly limit the desired displaceability of the contact regions of the transmission elements.
  • a particularly stable connection of the two plate-shaped components can be achieved in that a plate-shaped component is provided with marginal folds whose height corresponds to the height of the transmission elements, wherein the two plate-shaped components in the region of the marginal folds preferably circumferentially by welding, screwing or riveting together are connected.
  • a variant in which the displaceability of the transmission elements is also not limited, provides the connection of the plate-shaped components by screw or dowel joints, which are performed next to or precisely in the area in which the connection between the transmission elements and the plate-shaped components is provided ,
  • the energy which can be absorbed by a plastic deformation of the transmission elements is then particularly high if the transmission elements are made of metal, in particular of a steel that can be plastically deformed well. Spring effects, ie elastic deformations, are undesirable in contrast.
  • the first plate-shaped component and the second plate-shaped component made of metal, in particular steel.
  • the transmission elements are metallic profile pieces which are parallel in their longitudinal extent and at a distance from each other, as well as parallel to the plate-shaped components, are arranged.
  • Such an arrangement allows for an approximation of the two plate-shaped components to each other a compression, ie broadening, the profile pieces without these due to the existing in the initial state distance contact each other and the deformation processes of the individual transmission elements would negatively affect each other.
  • the invention further ausgestaltend the profile pieces may be triangular or trapezoidal in cross-section and be open in the baseline of the triangle or trapezoidal and laterally outwardly projecting edge strips of the legs of the triangle or trapezoid perpendicular to the height of the triangle or parallel to the Headline of the trapezoid run.
  • the preparation of such profile pieces with a simple geometric shape is easily possible and the deformation not only geometrically well predictable, but also with respect to the absorbable amount of energy well calculated.
  • a preferred possibility for connecting such transmission elements with the associated plate-shaped component is that for this purpose only an edge strip of the leg of the triangle or trapezium or a portion of the head line of the trapezium or the apex of the triangle is used.
  • the first plate-shaped component may be plastically deformable under the action of the explosively increased air pressure such that it is located in free spaces between adjacent deformed transmission elements at a smaller distance from the second plate-shaped component than in FIG Contact areas in which a power transmission takes place on the transmission elements.
  • an energy-consuming plastic deformation of the first, the explosion-induced increased air pressure exposed, plate-shaped component thus takes place, which requires corresponding free spaces between the contact areas with the transmission elements.
  • the plate-shaped component thus more closely approaches the second plate-shaped component in the said free spaces than is the case in the contact areas with the transmission elements.
  • the transmission elements results in a different shape of the deformed after the pressure first plate-shaped member.
  • profile-like parallel spaced-apart transmission elements results in the deformed first plate-shaped component, a waveform.
  • the transmission elements are distributed over the surface of the first plate-shaped component in a punctiform manner, then the deformed plate-shaped component has Component distributed arranged and isolated from each other sinks, which can go up to an "egg box structure" depending on the shape and rigidity of the transmission elements.
  • Essential for the energy consumption and the plate-shaped component is not too large selected rigidity of the first plate-shaped component.
  • the thickness of the plate-shaped component with respect to the length to be bridged between adjacent transmission elements may not be too large.
  • the first plate-shaped component to pay attention to the possibility of sufficient plastic deformability, which is particularly true for suitable metallic materials such as steel or aluminum.
  • the first plate-shaped component will be a cover plate of the component which has a thickness in the range between 1.0 mm and 5.0 mm, the free distance between adjacent transmission elements being in the range between 20 mm and 100 mm.
  • the first plate-shaped component is in each case so strong to choose that the resistance force is stronger than that of the transmission element.
  • the second plate-shaped component is usually the most massive part. It can also be a wall panel made of concrete or masonry.
  • the component according to the invention can be, for example, a building closure that closes the building opening, which can preferably be opened by pivoting, turning, folding or sliding, in particular a door or a window or a flap.
  • the plate-shaped components with the intermediate transfer elements cover the entire surface of the device or only a part thereof.
  • the device may be designed in the form of a swing door or sliding door, the safety properties by two aligned parallel to each other Obtains cover plates and is provided on an attack-prone side with the two plate-shaped components and the transfer elements arranged therebetween.
  • the swing door In order to ensure a safe support of the acting forces in swing doors, the swing door should be swung open when opening in the direction of the side on which the plate-shaped components and the transmission elements arranged therebetween are arranged, i. the explosive air pressure tends to close the door.
  • the distance between the first plate-shaped component and the second plate-shaped component is at least 20 mm, preferably at least 50 mm, more preferably at least 80 mm.
  • the large distances between the two parallel plate-shaped components allow the use of transmission elements, which can absorb large amounts of energy during their transformation due to the large possible deformation path.
  • a particularly high energy consumption of the component according to the invention can be achieved if the surface of a side of the component formed by the first plate-shaped component is at least 1 m 2 , preferably at least 1.5 m 2 , more preferably at least 2 m 2 .
  • the invention further includes an explosion-proof guard house with an interior space and at least one door, which in the open state of a connection between the interior and the external environment and is characterized by at least one interior limiting component of the type described above and one threshold above the air pressure in the interior preferably outwardly opening pressure relief device.
  • the effects of the pressure relief device and the energy-consuming components according to the invention complement each other ideally in such a watch house construction.
  • the basic construction of the guard house which serves to attach the explosion-resistant components and should be designed largely pressure-tight, is greatly simplified by the pressure reduction as a result of deformation of the interior facing the first plate-shaped components and can be correspondingly inexpensive.
  • the watchhouse further ausgestaltend invention is provided that the two plate-shaped components of the explosion-retardant components are supported by a cage construction of steel profiles or reinforced concrete against displacement to the outside.
  • pressure relief devices will be located in the ceiling of the guardhouse and in the form of e.g. Folding wing windows are located in the walls of the guard house. Both types of pressure relief devices or pressure relief ports are preferably arranged outside the immediate area of residence of persons who are outside, for example, in the vicinity of the guard house or directly in the vicinity of its outer walls.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view of a blast effect hernmend designed device 1 in the form of a swing door with a belt provided with three bands 2 side 3 and provided with a lock 4 stop side 5.
  • the component 1 comprises a door panel 6, in a conventional manner by a connected to adjacent building parts frame 7 is surrounded circumferentially in the form of a corner frame. In a conventional manner go from a lock gear of the castle 4 upwards and downwards each a drive bolt 8, 9 from.
  • the drive bolts 8, 9 are used to actuate locking bolts 10 made of stainless steel, which engage in the folded region of the frame 7 in the locking position of the door in an adapted recess of the frame 7. Further locking bolts 10 are located in the area of the lock 4.
  • the door leaf 6 consists of a box-shaped base body 11 and an attack on an endangered side 12 of the device 1 on a viewing surface of the body 11 formed further box-shaped body 13, for energy absorption in the event of an explosion-induced increased air pressure in the attack vulnerable side 12 is responsible.
  • the main body 11 consists in a conventional manner of a rear, substantially U-shaped angled cover plate 14 and a parallel thereto extending at a distance front cover plate 15 which engages with its edge strips the edge strips of the cover plate 14 such that with the aid of a weld 16 a stable Forming a folding area is guaranteed.
  • U-shaped Reinforcement profiles 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 and 17.4 are circumferentially in the edge regions U-shaped Reinforcement profiles 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 and 17.4 (see vertical section in accordance with FIG. 3 ).
  • Outer edge strips 18.1, 18.2, 18.3 and 18.4 are located between the respective edge strips of the front cover plate 15 and the rear cover plate 14 of the main body 11.
  • Within the body 11 is located immediately adjacent to the front cover plate 15 and parallel to this extending and also its base comprising a reinforcing plate 19, which has a thickness of 5 mm and serves as a massive counter-pressure plate for the transmission elements explained below in the superior box-shaped body 13.
  • the box-shaped body 13 is closed to the outside by a second plate-shaped member 21 which is formed as a cover plate and fixed by screws to angles 22 which are welded to the front cover plate 15.
  • the explosion-inhibiting effect of the component 1 is achieved by a plurality of arranged in the interior of the box-shaped body 13 transmission elements 23, which are parallel and spaced apart steel profiles with a trapezoidal cross section (see. FIG. 3 ).
  • the transmission elements 23 extend in the horizontal direction; In principle, however, any other course or other geometry of transmission elements 23 is also conceivable. So they do not necessarily have to be stretched long, but can also be selectively distributed over the base of the view page of the door panel 6.
  • the elongated design of the transmission elements 23 in the form of profiles, preferably made of steel, is preferable. The proportion of plastic deformation is particularly high here. Out FIG.
  • the transmission elements 23 in cross-section with a head line 24 have a contact area to the inside of the attack-vulnerable side facing plate-shaped member 21. In this area, however, there is no firm connection between the transmission elements 23 and the plate-shaped component 21, but only a support which allows a transmission of compressive forces.
  • Dic transmission elements 23 have on their legs 25 edge strips 26 which form contact areas to the front cover plate 15 of the base body 11 and of which per transmission element 23 only one edge strip 26 is connected by a weld 27 with the associated front cover plate 15.
  • An energy absorption in the event of an explosion-induced pressure increase on the attack-prone side 12 is achieved not only by the deformation of the transmission elements 23, but also by a deformation of the front plate-shaped member 21 itself, which is dimensioned substantially thinner in thickness, for example 2 mm, than that serving as an abutment rear plate-shaped component 20 having a total thickness of, for example, 8 mm.
  • the first plate-shaped component 21 will approach the free space 28 between adjacent transmission elements 23 more strongly to the second plate-shaped member 20, as defined in contact areas defined by the head lines 24 of the trapezoids of the transmission elements 23.
  • a wave structure of the first plate-shaped component 21 thus results in such a way that the wave crests are in the region of the transmission elements 23 arranged behind them, whereas in the intervening free spaces 28 wave troughs can be found.
  • the on the rear, solid and designed as an abutment member plate-shaped member 20 via the transmission elements 23 acting forces are derived via the peripheral edge strips of the door panel 6, which are in contact with abutment surfaces 29 of the frame 7.
  • the frame 7 is attached to the two vertical sides and the upper horizontal side by means of tabs on a building part 30, in particular by screws.
  • the building part 30 is formed as a very massive angle steel, but may also consist of other building materials with sufficient strength, such as reinforced concrete, on the lower side of the frame 7, this is fixed by means of a door base mounting frame 31, in turn, via screw with a door base the building part 30 is screwed.
  • FIG. 3a is a detailed view of the transmission elements 23 from FIG. 3 to remove in the unloaded condition and FIG. 3b shows the transmission elements 23 also in detail, but in the deformed state.
  • FIG. 3b shows the transmission elements 23 also in detail, but in the deformed state.
  • guardhouse 40 shown in different views or sections has four walls 41.1, 41.2, 41.3 and 41.4, a roof 42 and a bottom 43.
  • the wall 41.1 are two windows, which are designed as folding wing window 44, and a door 45, the according to FIG. 7 in the direction of an interior 46 of the guard house 40 opens.
  • the opposing wall 41.3 also has two hinged-wing windows 44 and an inwardly-opening door 45.
  • the opposing walls 41.2 and 41.4 have no openings, as can be seen from FIG. 5 results.
  • the guardhouse 40 is constructed of a truss or cage structure of double T-beams 47 extending in the walls 41.1 to 41.4 in the vertical direction and in the floor 43 and the roof 42 in the transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction of the guard house 40.
  • the guard house 40 In the guard house 40 are pressure relief devices both in the form of the folding wing window 44 in the walls 41.1 and 41.3 and of pressure relief valves 48 in the roof 42 of the guard house 40.
  • the outwardly opening wings of the folding wing window 44 are in their closed position only in the associated frame fixed that they open when exceeding a certain threshold of a pressure acting in the interior 46 of the guard house 40 pressure, being overcome before the start of the actual opening movement, a closing element, ie in particular destroyed.
  • flap parts of the pressure relief valves 48 are mounted in their frames.
  • the walls are 41.3 and 41.4, but also the other not shown enlarged walls 41.1 and 41.2, composed of two parallel and spaced-apart plate-shaped members 49 and 50 and therebetween transmission elements 51.
  • the interior plate-facing inner plate-shaped member 50 is thinner and should take a waveform as a result of a pressure-induced deformation, as already described above, the rear plate-shaped member 49 is designed as a solid abutment element in greater wall thickness.
  • the geometry and operation of the trapezoidal profile pieces executed and equidistant, ie homogeneous, distributed over the base surfaces of the two plate-shaped members 49,50 transmission elements 51 is consistent with the formed in the explosion-resistant swing door according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 ,
  • FIG. 9 can be further seen that the rear, ie outer plate-shaped members 49 are connected to the double-T-beams 47 by welds 52 together. In contrast, there is no (metallic) connection between the inner plate-shaped component 50 and the double-T carrier 47.
  • the deliberately released gap 53 can be pasted over with the interior lining of the interior 46 of the guard house 40, for example with wallpaper, or closed by means of a permanently elastic grout. Both of the latter possibilities to conceal the gap 43 limit the possibility and required for the displacement of the inner plate-shaped component 50 to the outer plate-shaped component 49 in the event of an explosion and not required.
  • the inner plate-shaped components 50 fall over from their vertical operating position. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the inner plate-shaped components by means of weakly dimensioned screws which tear off or shear in the event of loading, such as an explosion, with the supporting structure.
  • the two plate-shaped components 49, 50 and located in the intermediate space transmission elements 51 form a coherent unit, of course, the possibility of relative mobility of the two plate-shaped members 49, 50 to each other - under plastic deformation of the transmission elements 51- not be prevented.
  • the guard house 40 is surrounded on its entire outer skin with an insulating layer 54, for example, polystyrene foam boards or mineral fiber boards. These can be outside with known commercial cladding elements such as Sheet metal or similar be clad to produce the desired appearance from the outside.
  • an insulating layer 54 for example, polystyrene foam boards or mineral fiber boards.
  • These can be outside with known commercial cladding elements such as Sheet metal or similar be clad to produce the desired appearance from the outside.
  • the floor or the ceiling of the guard house 40 with the explosion-resistant component combination of two plate-shaped components 49, 50 with transmission elements 51 arranged therebetween.
  • the guardhouse 40 may be retrofitted, for example, in front of an existing building with high security requirements. So can in the way of a "Durchschleusens" in the interior. 46 of the guard house 40 a check example of visitors to the building are performed. In the event of an explosive explosion in the interior 46 of the guard house 40, for example, triggered by a suicide bomb attack, it comes to a deformation of the inner plate-shaped members 50 in connection with a deformation of the transmission elements 51, as shown in Connection with the Figures 1, to 3 was explained in more detail. Due to the large areas, which are equipped with the energy-consuming wall construction, a large amount of energy can be absorbed and converted.
  • the pressure relief devices In order to avoid bursting of the guard house 40 and in particular to avoid uncontrolled destruction of the basic construction of the guard house 40, ie to reduce the pressure on the cage structure of the double-T-beams 47, occur from a certain threshold pressure, the pressure relief devices in action and leave as a result of the opening of the folding wings or the flap parts to a pressure equalization to the environment. Splinter flight can not occur.
  • the pressure relief openings are arranged quite high, so that in particular by the pivoting movements of the flap or the flap part is no danger to possibly waiting outside the guard house 40 or passing this person.
  • FIG. 8 shows the sake of completeness again a cross section of the formed as a damping profile transmission element 51.
  • FIG. 9 Two alternatives for mounting the transmission element 51 within the wall construction are shown.
  • a welded connection preferably in the form of welds, between edge strips of the trapezoidal profile and the outer plate-shaped component can be selected.
  • the welding points are located in the region of the edge of the head line of the trapezoid of the transmission element 51.

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Elément de construction anti-explosion (1) avec un premier élément constitutif en forme de panneau (21, 50), formant une surface de paroi, de plafond ou de sol d'un intérieur de bâtiment ou d'une façade de bâtiment, un deuxième élément constitutif en forme de panneau (20, 49), qui est orienté à la parallèle du premier élément constitutif en forme de panneau (21, 50) et avec des éléments de transmission (23, 51) disposés dans un espace intermédiaire entre les deux éléments constitutifs (20, 21 ou 49, 50), sous l'effet d'une pression atmosphérique due à une explosion, le premier élément constitutif en forme de panneau (21, 50) étant mobile sensiblement à la perpendiculaire vers le deuxième élément constitutif en forme de panneau (20, 49), les éléments de transmission (23, 51), étant susceptibles d'absorber leur propre énergie, sous déformation, de préférence plastique et les éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20, 21 ou 49, 50) étant disposés les uns par rapport aux autres de façon sensiblement coïncidente et les éléments de transmission (23, 51) étant disposés en étant sensiblement distribués sur toute la surface des éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20; 21 ou 49, 50), caractérisé en ce que les éléments de transmission (23, 51), s'appuient sur des côtés opposés par chacun au moins une zone de contact sur chaque fois l'un des deux éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20, 21, 49, 50) et en ce qu'au cours de la déformation de celui-ci due à l'explosion, au moins une zone de contact d'un élément de transmission (23, 51) est mobile le long de la surface de l'élément constitutif associé en forme de panneau (20, 21, 49, 50).
  2. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une zone de contact - considérée dans une direction à la parallèle des plans définis par les éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20, 21, 49, 50) - est disposée à une distance d'une zone de contact d'un élément de transmission (23, 51) voisin.
  3. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément de transmission (23, 51) est chaque fois relié avec un élément constitutif en forme de panneau (20, 21, 49, 50).
  4. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que tous les éléments de transmission (23, 51) sont reliés chacun seulement avec le même élément constitutif en forme de panneau (20, 21, 49, 50).
  5. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des éléments de transmission (23, 51) sont reliés en alternance avec le premier élément constitutif en forme de panneau (21, 50) et avec le deuxième élément constitutif en forme de panneau (20, 49).
  6. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20, 21, 49, 50) sont uniquement reliés dans leur zone marginale, de sorte que la liaison soit susceptible de transmettre des forces de traction.
  7. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément constitutif en forme de panneau (20, 21, 49, 50) est muni de chanfreins marginaux, dont la hauteur correspond à la hauteur des éléments de transmission (23, 51), les deux éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20, 21, 49, 50) étant reliés ensemble dans la zone des chanfreins marginaux, de préférence de façon périphérique, par soudage, boulonnage ou rivetage.
  8. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément constitutif en forme de panneau (21, 50) et/ou le deuxième élément constitutif en forme de panneau (20, 49) et ou les éléments de transmission (23, 51) sont en métal, notamment en acier.
  9. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de transmission (23, 51), sont des pièces métalliques profilées, qui dans leur extension en longueur sont disposées à la parallèle et à une distance mutuelle, ainsi qu'à la parallèle des éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20, 21 ou 49, 50).
  10. Élément de construction selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que, dans la section transversale, les pièces profilés sont triangulaires ou trapézoïdales et en ce que dans la zone de la ligne de base du triangle ou du trapèze, les pièces profilées sont ouvertes et comportent à partir des branches (25) du triangle ou du trapèze des bandes marginales (26) latéralement saillantes vers l'extérieur, qui s'étendent à la perpendiculaire de la hauteur du triangle ou à la parallèle de la ligne de tête du trapèze.
  11. Elément de construction selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de transmission (23, 51), sont uniquement reliés dans la zone d'une bande marginale (26) ou dans la zone d'une ligne de tête (24) du trapèze ou de la pointe du triangle avec l'élément constitutif associé en forme de panneau (20, 21 ou 49, 50).
  12. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que, sous l'effet de la pression atmosphérique due à l'explosion, le premier élément constitutif en forme de panneau (21, 50) est plastiquement déformable, de sorte qu'il se trouve dans des espaces libres (28) entre des éléments de transmission (23, 51) voisins déformés à une distance moindre par rapport aux deuxièmes éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20, 49) que dans des zones de contact, dans lesquelles a lieu une transmission de force sur les éléments de transmission (23, 51).
  13. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de construction (1) est une fermeture de bâtiment fermant une ouverture de bâtiment, notamment une porte, une fenêtre ou un volet.
  14. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est conçu sous la forme d'une porte de sécurité conçue comme une porte à tambour ou une porte coulissante, qui comporte deux tôles de couverture (14, 15) orientées à la parallèle l'une de l'autre, qui sur un côté exposé à l'intrusion (12) sont munies des éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux et des éléments de transmission (23) intercalés.
  15. Elément de construction selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'ouverture, la porte à tambour est pivotante en direction du côté sur lequel sont disposés les éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (20, 21) et les éléments de transmission (23) intercalés.
  16. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la distance entre le premier élément constitutif en forme de panneau (21, 50) et le deuxième élément constitutif en forme de panneau (20,49) est d'au moins 50 mm, de préférence d'au moins 80 mm, encore de préférence d'au moins 100 mm.
  17. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'un côté apparent de l'élément de construction (1) formé par le premier élément constitutif en forme de panneau (21, 50) est d'au moins 1,0 m2, de préférence d'au moins 1,5 m2, encore de préférence d'au moins 2,0 m2.
  18. Poste de garde anti-explosion (40) avec un intérieur (46) et au moins une porte (45), qui en position ouverte forme une liaison entre l'intérieur et l'environnement extérieur, caractérisé par au moins un élément de construction délimitant l'intérieur (4b) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17 et par un dispositif de décompression (48) ouvrant de préférence vers l'extérieur à partir d'une valeur seuil de la pression atmosphérique à l'intérieur (46).
  19. Poste- de garde (40) selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments constitutifs en forme de panneaux (49, 50) des éléments de construction anti-explosion (47) sont soutenus contre un déplacement vers l'extérieur par une structure en cage en profilés d'acier (47) ou en béton armé.
  20. Poste de garde selon la revendication 18 ou 19, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de décompression (48) se trouvent dans le plafond du poste de garde (40) et sous forme de fenêtres à battants basculants (44) dans les parois (41.1, 41.2, 41.3, 41.4) du poste de garde (40).
EP20080000043 2007-01-11 2008-01-03 Composant inhibiteur d'explosion Active EP1944432B1 (fr)

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DE200720000682 DE202007000682U1 (de) 2007-01-11 2007-01-11 Explosionshemmendes Bauelement

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DE102007023908A1 (de) * 2007-05-23 2008-12-04 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Sicherheitswand zur explosionsgeschützten Begrenzung von Räumen
CN101230599B (zh) * 2008-02-28 2010-06-02 同济大学 竖向抗剪跷动减震钢板剪力墙
CN101532807B (zh) * 2008-12-18 2012-12-26 湖北白莲河抽水蓄能有限公司 抽水蓄能电站尾水预留岩坎爆破安全防护方法
ATE549474T1 (de) 2010-04-01 2012-03-15 Saelzer Sicherheitstechnik Explosions- und beschusshemmende bauwerksstruktur sowie verfahren zur herstellung einer selben
GB201103948D0 (en) * 2011-03-08 2011-04-20 Bastion Security North Ltd Modular security walling
DE102021203633A1 (de) 2021-04-13 2022-10-13 Sommer Fassadensysteme-Stahlbau-Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Verschlussvorrichtung für gebäudeöffnungen oder räume

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DE2325921A1 (de) 1973-05-22 1974-12-12 Karl Weber Schussichere wandung, insbesondere fuer fahrzeuge, einschliesslich flugzeuge
FR2449190A1 (fr) * 1979-02-16 1980-09-12 Gubri Sa Ets L Perfectionnements aux panneaux mobiles resistants a la pression et destines a obturer des ouvertures
DE3744816C2 (en) 1987-02-20 1991-03-07 Saelzer Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh, 3550 Marburg, De Explosion-resistant glazing
FR2705396B1 (fr) * 1993-05-17 1995-06-30 Eurosid Sa Porte, en particulier porte anti-souffle.

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DE202007000682U1 (de) 2007-03-22
DE502008000004D1 (de) 2009-05-07

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