EP1943657B1 - Interrupting chamber with double compression chamber - Google Patents

Interrupting chamber with double compression chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1943657B1
EP1943657B1 EP06807660A EP06807660A EP1943657B1 EP 1943657 B1 EP1943657 B1 EP 1943657B1 EP 06807660 A EP06807660 A EP 06807660A EP 06807660 A EP06807660 A EP 06807660A EP 1943657 B1 EP1943657 B1 EP 1943657B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
compression
current
compression chamber
interrupting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06807660A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1943657A1 (en
Inventor
Denis Dufournet
Michel Perret
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Grid Solutions SAS
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Areva T&D SAS
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Publication of EP1943657A1 publication Critical patent/EP1943657A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/907—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using tandem pistons, e.g. several compression volumes being modified in conjunction or sequential
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dual-chamber compression-breaking chamber and a power circuit breaker comprising such a current-breaking chamber.
  • Circuit breakers using a so-called “auto-blow" breaking chamber perform a compression of a dielectric gas, making it possible to blow an arc that is formed between arcing contacts during a power failure operation, or operation of opening of the circuit breaker.
  • the compression is generally performed by an operating member, which may be a spring mechanism coupled to a motor, actuating a movable part, such as a piston, in the breaking chamber.
  • These circuit breakers also utilize the energy provided by the arc as heat, thereby decreasing the external power consumption compared to conventional gas compression circuit breakers.
  • the energy supplied by the arc is much less important than when the current is a strong current, and if moreover the the duration of the arc is long (between about 15 and 20 ms), the external power consumption required for the blowing of the arc then becomes too great.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a breaking chamber, used in particular in a power circuit breaker, for cutting currents as strong as weak, while avoiding unnecessarily increasing the external energy consumption by the device. maneuver, whatever the duration of the arc.
  • the present invention proposes in claim 1 a current-breaking chamber, which can be used in a circuit-breaker, filled with a dielectric fluid comprising a movable assembly moving axially between a start position and an end position of power failure operation, or opening operation of the circuit breaker.
  • the moving assembly comprises at least a first compression chamber whose volume decreases between the opening operation opening position of the circuit breaker and a compression end position of the first chamber, at least a first arcing contact, intended to cooperate with a second arcing contact, the two arcing contacts being axially movable relative to each other.
  • the movable assembly also comprises at least one second compression chamber, communicating at a first end with the first compression chamber, the volume of which decreases between the starting position of maneuver, that is to say the starting position of circuit breaker opening operation, and the end-of-circuit breaker opening operation position, for injecting dielectric fluid into the first compression chamber, between an open position of the circuit breaker, and first chamber and the end position of opening operation of the circuit breaker, when the pressure in the first compression chamber is lower than the pressure in the second compression chamber.
  • the compression end position of the first chamber is reached before the end of the circuit breaker opening operation position, and a compression end position of the second chamber is reached after the compression end position of the first chamber. .
  • At least one second compression chamber is added relative to the known devices.
  • the cooperation between the two compression chambers makes it possible, during a strong power failure, to retain the advantages of a reduced compression stroke produced by the first compression chamber, and during a power failure. low, to achieve this cut without unnecessarily increasing the external energy consumption, mechanical or hydraulic, regardless of the duration of the arc and especially when the arc duration is long.
  • the second compression chamber makes it possible to maintain the blowing of the arc, initially produced by the first compression chamber, for the duration of the arc. arc, and that avoiding excessive external energy consumption through the use of the energy provided by the arc during the entire duration of the blowing.
  • the power cutoff chamber includes a thermal expansion volume for blowing of the bow and two compression volumes.
  • the first compression chamber is rapidly put under overpressure using the displacement of the arcing contacts during a first part only of the total stroke of the moving assembly.
  • the compression in the first chamber is therefore performed during a reduced compression stroke, allowing a rapid increase in pressure, and involving blowing performance higher than those devices whose compression is performed during the entire displacement stroke.
  • the second compression chamber intervenes if necessary to contribute to the end-of-stroke blow-out of the arcing contacts.
  • the use of the breaking chamber according to the invention in a circuit breaker makes it possible to use operating members comprising a spring mechanism requiring little energy.
  • the second compression chamber can communicate with the first compression chamber via at least one valve, for example a one-way valve.
  • the current-breaking chamber may comprise at least a first tubular element forming the first compression chamber.
  • the first compression chamber may comprise at a first end a cooperating nozzle with the second arcing contact for channeling gas from said first compression chamber.
  • the nozzle and the second arcing contact can cooperate to close the first compression chamber at its first end.
  • the current interruption chamber may include at least one piston closing the first compression chamber at a second end.
  • the current interruption chamber may also comprise means immobilizing the piston between the opening operation opening position of the circuit breaker and the compression end position of the first chamber. Thus, by remaining stationary between these two positions, the piston reduces the volume of the first compression chamber and thus compresses the dielectric fluid present in the first compression chamber.
  • the means immobilizing the piston may comprise at least one housing for receiving a stop, for example a ball, connected to the piston.
  • the current cut-off chamber may also comprise means axially displacing the piston with the moving assembly between the compression end position of the first chamber and the end-of-circuit opening position of the circuit breaker.
  • the power failure chamber may comprise means for dislodging the stop of the blocking housing between the end position of compression of the first chamber and the end position of opening operation of the circuit breaker.
  • the means for dislodging the stop may comprise at least one housing for receiving the stop.
  • the current breaking chamber may comprise at least two second coaxial tubular elements forming the second compression chamber.
  • the current interruption chamber may include means closing the second compression chamber at a second end.
  • These means closing the second compression chamber may be fixed, such at least one sleeve or at least one filling valve and at least one discharge valve, or movable, such at least one piston cooperable with at least one spring.
  • the current cutoff chamber may comprise at least one partition dividing the first compression chamber into at least two volumes, the partition being provided with at least one valve, for example a unidirectional valve, allowing communication between the two volumes.
  • This arrangement reduces the size of the diameter of the active part of the circuit breaker, which is advantageous for air-insulated devices (with insulator) or metal enclosure.
  • the dielectric fluid may be a dielectric gas, for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), dry air, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or a gaseous mixture.
  • SF 6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • N 2 nitrogen
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • the current breaking chamber may comprise means displacing the second arcing contact in a direction opposite to the displacement of the moving assembly during the operation of opening the circuit breaker. In this case, it will be a chamber with double movement of contacts.
  • the Figure 1A represents a current-breaking chamber 1, object of the present invention, show a first embodiment.
  • the interrupting chamber 1 is in the engaged position, that is to say in the position in which the interrupting chamber 1 is at the beginning of a power failure operation, that is to say at the beginning of an opening operation of the circuit breaker.
  • the breaking chamber 1 comprises a casing 2 filled with a dielectric fluid 3, here a dielectric gas, under pressure.
  • This gas 3 may for example be sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), nitrogen ( N 2 ), dry air, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or a gaseous mixture.
  • the dielectric fluid could also be a plasma.
  • the breaking chamber 1 comprises a first tubular element 4 forming a first compression chamber 5.
  • This first compression chamber 5 is closed at a first end by a piston 6 and comprises at a second end a nozzle 21.
  • the breaking chamber 1 also has first and second contacts 8, 7, movable relative to each other along an axis AA. In this figure, the second arc contact 7 cooperates with the nozzle 21 to close the first compression chamber 5 at its second end.
  • the first arcing contact 8 is movable and the second arcing contact 7 is fixed.
  • the first arcing contact 8, here integrated with the piston 6, is disposed inside the first compression chamber 5.
  • the breaking chamber 1 comprises at least two second tubular elements 11, 12, coaxial with respect to the axis AA.
  • the two second tubular elements 11, 12 are part of the piston 6.
  • the space between the two second tubular elements 11, 12 forms a second compression chamber 13.
  • the volume of the second chamber of compression 13 is about three times smaller than that of the first compression chamber 5.
  • the second compression chamber 13 communicates with the first compression chamber 5, at a first end, with at least one valve 14, here a unidirectional valve. This valve 14 opens only when the pressure in the second compression chamber 13 is greater than that in the first compression chamber 5.
  • the second compression chamber 13 is closed at a second end by at least one filling valve 15 and at least one relief valve 16.
  • the relief valve 16 functions as a pressure regulating valve: if the pressure in the second chamber of compression 13 exceeds a certain threshold but remains lower than that prevailing in the first compression chamber 5, the valve 14 then remaining closed, the discharge valve 16 evacuates the overpressure of the second compression chamber 13.
  • This discharge valve 16 is used when the current to be cut is strong and / or that the arc duration is long, that is to say when the blowing made by the first compression chamber 5 is sufficient to extinguish the arc.
  • the filling valve 15 is used after the circuit breaker opening operation so that gas 3 can enter the second compression chamber 13 when the interrupting chamber 1 returns to the engaged position.
  • the interrupting chamber 1 also comprises permanent contacts 17, 18 circulating the current when the interrupting chamber 1 is in the engaged position.
  • the permanent contacts 17, 18 are axially movable relative to each other along the axis AA. In the three embodiments described, only the contact 18, forming part of the first tubular element 4, is movable.
  • the cutting chamber 1 also comprises a tube 30.
  • a first end of the tube 30 is connected to the first tubular element 4 via a rod 9 disposed perpendicularly to the tube 30.
  • a third tubular element 20, connected to the piston 6 and wherein is disposed the tube 30, is traversed by the rod 9.
  • the arc contact 8, the first compression chamber 5, the second compression chamber 13, the piston 6, the 30, the rod 9 and the third tubular member 20 form a movable assembly 10 adapted to be moved along the axis AA in the casing 2 during the circuit breaker opening operation, or the current-breaking operation.
  • the Figure 1B represents the breaking chamber 1 according to the first embodiment in the compression end position of the first compression chamber 5.
  • all the elements of the moving assembly 10 except the piston 6 and the third tubular element 20 have been moved along the axis AA by maneuvering means, not shown, connected to a second end of the tube 30.
  • the passage of the starting position of the circuit breaker opening operation at the compression end position of the first compression chamber 5 is called the first part of the circuit breaker opening operation or the power failure operation.
  • the displacement of the first tubular element 4 reduces the volume of the first compression chamber 5 because the piston 6 remains stationary, thus increasing the pressure inside the first chamber 5.
  • First means immobilize the piston 6 during this first part of the opening circuit breaker operation.
  • these first means are at least one fixed housing 27 intended to receive at least one stop 25 connected to the piston 6 via the third tubular element 20.
  • the abutment 25 is a ball inserted in a wall of the third tubular element 20.
  • the rod 9, driven by the tube 30, moves in a groove 19 formed in the third tubular element 20, thereby leaving the third tubular element 20 and the piston 6 stationary.
  • the axial displacement stroke achieved during this first part of the circuit-breaker opening operation represents between about one-third and one-half. the stroke of the total axial displacement during a breaker opening operation.
  • second means make it possible to make the piston 6 mobile.
  • these second means comprise at least one housing 31 made in the tube 30, enabling the ball 25 to be taken out of the housing 27 and thus, to no longer block the movement of the third tubular element 20 and the piston 6.
  • the figure 1C represents the breaking chamber 1, according to the first embodiment, in end of circuit breaker opening operation position, corresponding to a compression end position of the second compression chamber 13.
  • the transition from the compression end position of the first compression chamber to the compression end position of the second compression chamber 13 is called the second part of the power failure operation or the opening operation of the breaker.
  • the displacement of the rod 9 causes the piston 6 to move axially via the third tubular element 20.
  • the displacement of the piston 6 reduces the volume of the second chamber compression 13, thus increasing the pressure inside the second chamber 13. Since the compression in the first compression chamber 5 is complete and.
  • the energy required for the displacement of the moving assembly 10 is much lower during this second part of the circuit breaker opening operation than during the compression of the first 5.
  • the filling valve 15 and the relief valve 16 are fixed.
  • an arc is formed between the two arcing contacts 7, 8 when they are no longer in contact with each other.
  • Arc contacts 7, 8 are separated from each other after the end of the compression of the first chamber 5.
  • the interrupting chamber 1 passes through an open position of the first compression chamber 5. This position is reached when the nozzle .21 no longer cooperates with the arc contact 7 to close the first compression chamber 5.
  • the arc formed between the arc contacts 7 and 8 then passes through the nozzle 21. The blowing of the arc occurs when the arcing contact 7 no longer cooperates with the nozzle 21 to close the first compression chamber.
  • the pressure created in the first compression chamber 5 causes a blow of the volume of gas contained in the first chamber 5 to the casing 2 through the nozzle 21.
  • the blowing is carried out by a volume of gas having a high density because the compression of the first chamber 5 is completed before the separation of the arc contacts 7, 8, thus improving the breaking performance with respect to a compression of the first chamber which would only be partially achieved at the time of separation of the arcing contacts 7, 8.
  • the blowing performed by the first compression chamber 5 is sufficient to extinguish the arc.
  • the energy supplied by the arc is sufficient for the blowing created by the first compression chamber 5 extinguishes the bow.
  • the discharge valve 16 makes it possible to evacuate any positive pressure created in the second compression chamber 13 during the circuit breaker opening operation.
  • the duration of the arc is long, and the value of the current is weak, that is to say less than about 60% of the default value, the energy brought by the arc is insufficient. so that the blowing created by the first compression chamber 5 extinguishes the arc.
  • the arc is therefore always present after the decompression of the gas present in the first chamber 5.
  • the pressure in the first compression chamber 5 is then lower than that in the second compression chamber 13, which causes the opening of the valve 14. Gas is then blown from the second compression chamber 13, and this continuous blowing until the moving assembly 10 reaches the end of stroke or the arc goes out.
  • the Figure 2A represents a current breaking chamber 1 according to the invention according to a second embodiment.
  • the interrupting chamber 1 is in the starting position of circuit breaker opening operation, or circuit breaker opening operation.
  • the first compression chamber 5 here comprises two volumes 5a, 5b.
  • the first volume 5a is the one in which compression is performed by the piston 6 during the first part of the circuit breaker opening operation.
  • the two volumes 5a, 5b are separated by a wall 22 provided with at least one valve unidirectional 23 opening only when the pressure in the first volume 5a is greater than that of the volume 5b.
  • the first compression chamber 5 is here formed by the first tubular element 4, which produces the second volume 5b, and the second tubular element 11, which produces the first volume 5a.
  • the second compression chamber 13 is closed at the second end by fixed means, for example at least one sleeve 24.
  • the interrupting chamber 1 also comprises the two arc contacts 7, 8 as in the first embodiment. Only the arc contact 8, here integrated with the first tubular element 4, is movable.
  • the second compression chamber 13 is provided with a pressure limiting valve 32, intended for perform the same role as the filling valve 16 used in the first embodiment.
  • the piston 6 is slidably disposed on the tube 30, without using an intermediate tubular element 20 as for the first embodiment, and the ball 25 is inserted directly into a wall of the piston 6.
  • the Figure 2B represents the breaking chamber 1 according to the second embodiment in compression end position of the first compression chamber 5.
  • the wall 22 is in contact with the piston 6, the first volume 5a has become zero or virtually zero.
  • the pressure thus created by the first volume 5a is found in the second volume 5b.
  • the compression in the second compression chamber 13 takes place during the entire circuit breaker opening operation.
  • the ball 25 rolls on a rod 26 mounted on the tube 30.
  • the figure 3A represents a breaking chamber 1 according to a third embodiment.
  • the second compression chamber 13 is closed at its second end by movable means, for example at least one piston 28 and a spring 29. These movable means make it possible to regulate the pressure in the second chamber. compression 13 during the entire operation of opening circuit breaker.
  • the piston 28 is in a position substantially similar to that of the figure 3A the pressures in the first and second compression chambers 5, 13 being substantially identical.
  • the Figure 4A represents a breaking chamber 1 according to a fourth embodiment.
  • the two arcing contacts of this fourth embodiment are movable.
  • the first arc contact 8 is integrated with the piston 6.
  • the first arc contact 8 is movable between the compression end position of the first chamber 5 and the end position. operating circuit breaker opening.
  • the Figure 4B represents the current-breaking chamber 1 in the compression end position of the first chamber 5. Between this position and the position of the Figure 4A , the piston 6 remained motionless.
  • the first tubular element 4 has moved axially along the axis AA, causing compression of the dielectric gas in the first compression chamber.
  • the movement of the first tubular element 4 causes the movement of a lever 33 and via a lever 35 which, connected to the second arcing contact 7 by arms 34, causes the axial displacement of the second contact of arc 7 in the opposite direction to the displacement of the first tubular element 4.
  • the present invention is particularly adapted to operate under high voltage, for example when the voltage is greater than 245 kV.
  • the present invention also relates to a circuit breaker 100, shown in FIG. figure 5 , comprising a breaking chamber 1 according to any one of the embodiments described above.
  • This circuit breaker 100 will be, for example, a high or medium voltage power circuit breaker, that is to say used for voltages greater than about 52 kV.
  • the breaking chamber 1 is connected to an operating member 40 for actuating the compression in the breaking chamber 1 and the opening of the circuit breaker 100.

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  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

Chamber (1) has a mobile assembly (10) axially moving between starting and final positions of operation of opening a circuit-breaker. The assembly has a compression chamber (5) whose volume diminishes between the starting position and an open position of the chamber (5). A compression chamber (13) communicating with the chamber (5) presents volume diminishing between the starting and final positions. The chamber (13) injects a dielectric gas (3) into the chamber (5) between the open and final positions when the pressure inside the chamber (5) is less than that in the chamber (13).

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

La présente invention concerne une chambre de coupure de courant à double chambre de compression ainsi qu'un disjoncteur de puissance comportant une telle chambre de coupure de courant.The present invention relates to a dual-chamber compression-breaking chamber and a power circuit breaker comprising such a current-breaking chamber.

ÉTAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTÉRIEURESTATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Dans le domaine des disjoncteurs, et particulièrement celui des disjoncteurs de puissance, il est important d'utiliser le moins d'énergie de fonctionnement possible pour couper des courants de défaut, par exemple en court-circuit. Des disjoncteurs utilisant une chambre de coupure dite à « auto-soufflage » réalisent une compression d'un gaz diélectrique, permettant de souffler un arc qui se forme entre des contacts d'arc lors d'une opération de coupure de courant, ou opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur. La compression est en général réalisée par un organe de manoeuvre, qui peut être un mécanisme à ressorts couplé à un moteur, actionnant une partie mobile, telle qu'un piston, dans la chambre de coupure. Ces disjoncteurs utilisent également l'énergie fournie par l'arc sous forme de chaleur, diminuant ainsi la consommation d'énergie externe par rapport à des disjoncteurs à compression de gaz classiques. Les documents US 4 559 425 et US 3 975 602 décrivent des disjoncteurs à auto-soufflage. Dans un tel disjoncteur, la course de la partie mobile de la chambre de coupure réalisant la compression est approximativement proportionnelle à la tension nominale du disjoncteur. Plus la tension nominale est élevée, notamment lorsque cette tension est supérieure à environ 245 kV, plus la course est importantes ce qui augmente l'énergie nécessaire au disjoncteur pour couper le courant.In the field of circuit breakers, and particularly that of power circuit breakers, it is important to use the least possible operating energy to cut off fault currents, for example short-circuit currents. Circuit breakers using a so-called "auto-blow" breaking chamber perform a compression of a dielectric gas, making it possible to blow an arc that is formed between arcing contacts during a power failure operation, or operation of opening of the circuit breaker. The compression is generally performed by an operating member, which may be a spring mechanism coupled to a motor, actuating a movable part, such as a piston, in the breaking chamber. These circuit breakers also utilize the energy provided by the arc as heat, thereby decreasing the external power consumption compared to conventional gas compression circuit breakers. The documents US 4,559,425 and US 3,975,602 describe self-blowing circuit breakers. In such a circuit breaker, the stroke of the moving part of the breaking chamber producing the compression is approximately proportional to the nominal voltage of the circuit breaker. The higher the nominal voltage, especially when this voltage is greater than approximately 245 kV, the greater the stroke is, which increases the energy required by the circuit breaker to cut off the current.

Toutefois, pour couper des courants forts, c'est-à-dire des courants dont la valeur est supérieure à environ 60% de la valeur du pouvoir de coupure assigné au disjoncteur, il n'est pas nécessaire de réaliser la compression du gaz durant toute l'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur car l'énergie fournie par l'arc est suffisante pour souffler l'arc avant que le disjoncteur n'arrive en fin de course de compression. Les documents EP 0 897 185 et EP 0 591 039 décrivent des disjoncteurs à auto-soufflage et à course de compression réduite. Ces disjoncteurs réalisent la compression du gaz seulement pendant une partie de la course. Mais lorsque le courant est faible, par exemple inférieur ou égal à environ 60% de la valeur du pouvoir de coupure, l'énergie fournie par l'arc est beaucoup moins importante que lorsque le courant est un courant fort, et si de plus la durée de l'arc est longue (comprise entre environ 15 et 20 ms), la consommation d'énergie externe nécessaire pour le soufflage de l'arc devient alors trop importante.However, in order to cut off strong currents, that is to say currents whose value is greater than about 60% of the value of the breaking capacity assigned to the circuit breaker, it is not necessary to carry out the compression of the gas during the entire opening operation of the circuit breaker because the energy provided by the arc is sufficient to blow the arc before the circuit breaker reaches the end of the compression stroke. The documents EP 0 897 185 and EP 0 591 039 describe self-blowing circuit breakers with reduced compression stroke. These circuit breakers perform the compression of the gas only during a part of the race. But when the current is low, for example less than or equal to about 60% of the value of the breaking capacity, the energy supplied by the arc is much less important than when the current is a strong current, and if moreover the the duration of the arc is long (between about 15 and 20 ms), the external power consumption required for the blowing of the arc then becomes too great.

Le document EP-A-05 33 795 décrit une chambre de coupure selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The document EP-A-05 33 795 discloses a breaking chamber according to the preamble of claim 1.

EXPOSÉ DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention a pour but de proposer une chambre de coupure, utilisée notamment dans un disjoncteur de puissance, permettant de couper des courants aussi bien forts que faibles, tout en évitant d'augmenter inutilement la consommation d'énergie externe par l'organe de manoeuvre, quelque soit la durée de l'arc.The purpose of the present invention is to provide a breaking chamber, used in particular in a power circuit breaker, for cutting currents as strong as weak, while avoiding unnecessarily increasing the external energy consumption by the device. maneuver, whatever the duration of the arc.

Pour cela, la présente invention propose dans la revendication 1 une chambre de coupure de courant, pouvant être utilisée dans un disjoncteur, remplie d'un fluide diélectrique comportant un ensemble mobile se déplaçant axialement entre une position de début et une position de fin d'opération de coupure de courant, ou opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur. L'ensemble mobile comprend au moins une première chambre de compression dont le volume diminue entre la position de début d'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur et une position de fin de compression de la première chambre, au moins un premier contact d'arc, destiné à coopérer avec un second contact d'arc, les deux contacts d'arc étant mobiles axialement l'un par rapport à l'autre. L'ensemble mobile comprend également au moins une seconde chambre de compression, communiquant à une première extrémité avec la première chambre de compression, dont le volume diminue entre la position de début de manoeuvre, c'est à-dire la position de début d'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur, et la position de fin d'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur, destinée à injecter du fluide diélectrique dans la première chambre de compression, entre une position d'ouverture de la première chambre et la position de fin d'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur, lorsque la pression dans la première chambre de compression est inférieure à la pression dans la seconde chambre de compression.For this, the present invention proposes in claim 1 a current-breaking chamber, which can be used in a circuit-breaker, filled with a dielectric fluid comprising a movable assembly moving axially between a start position and an end position of power failure operation, or opening operation of the circuit breaker. The moving assembly comprises at least a first compression chamber whose volume decreases between the opening operation opening position of the circuit breaker and a compression end position of the first chamber, at least a first arcing contact, intended to cooperate with a second arcing contact, the two arcing contacts being axially movable relative to each other. The movable assembly also comprises at least one second compression chamber, communicating at a first end with the first compression chamber, the volume of which decreases between the starting position of maneuver, that is to say the starting position of circuit breaker opening operation, and the end-of-circuit breaker opening operation position, for injecting dielectric fluid into the first compression chamber, between an open position of the circuit breaker, and first chamber and the end position of opening operation of the circuit breaker, when the pressure in the first compression chamber is lower than the pressure in the second compression chamber.

La position de fin de compression de la première chambre est atteinte avant la position de fin d'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur, et une position de fin de compression de la seconde chambre est atteinte après la position de fin de compression de la première chambre.The compression end position of the first chamber is reached before the end of the circuit breaker opening operation position, and a compression end position of the second chamber is reached after the compression end position of the first chamber. .

Selon l'invention, on ajoute, par rapport aux dispositifs connus, au moins une seconde chambre de compression. Ainsi, la coopération entre les deux chambres de compression permet, lors d'une coupure de courant fort, de conserver les avantages d'une course de compression réduite réalisée par la première chambre de compression, et lors d'une coupure d'un courant faible, de réaliser cette coupure sans augmenter inutilement la consommation d'énergie externe, mécanique ou hydraulique, quelque soit la durée de l'arc et notamment lorsque la durée d'arc est longue.According to the invention, at least one second compression chamber is added relative to the known devices. Thus, the cooperation between the two compression chambers makes it possible, during a strong power failure, to retain the advantages of a reduced compression stroke produced by the first compression chamber, and during a power failure. low, to achieve this cut without unnecessarily increasing the external energy consumption, mechanical or hydraulic, regardless of the duration of the arc and especially when the arc duration is long.

En effet, lorsque le courant est faible et que la durée de l'arc est importante, la seconde chambre de compression permet de maintenir le soufflage de l'arc, réalisé dans un premier temps par la première chambre de compression, pendant toute la durée d'arc, et cela en évitant une trop grande consommation d'énergie externe grâce à l'utilisation de l'énergie fournie par l'arc pendant toute la durée du soufflage.Indeed, when the current is low and the duration of the arc is important, the second compression chamber makes it possible to maintain the blowing of the arc, initially produced by the first compression chamber, for the duration of the arc. arc, and that avoiding excessive external energy consumption through the use of the energy provided by the arc during the entire duration of the blowing.

La chambre de coupure de courant comprend un volume d'expansion thermique servant au soufflage de l'arc et deux volumes de compression. La première chambre de compression est mise rapidement en surpression en utilisant le déplacement des contacts d'arc pendant une première partie seulement de la course totale de l'ensemble mobile. La compression dans la première chambre est donc réalisée pendant une course de compression réduite, permettant d'avoir une montée en pression rapide, et impliquant des performances de soufflage supérieures à celles des dispositifs dont la compression est réalisée pendant toute la course de déplacement. La seconde chambre de compression intervient si nécessaire pour contribuer au soufflage en fin de course des contacts d'arc.The power cutoff chamber includes a thermal expansion volume for blowing of the bow and two compression volumes. The first compression chamber is rapidly put under overpressure using the displacement of the arcing contacts during a first part only of the total stroke of the moving assembly. The compression in the first chamber is therefore performed during a reduced compression stroke, allowing a rapid increase in pressure, and involving blowing performance higher than those devices whose compression is performed during the entire displacement stroke. The second compression chamber intervenes if necessary to contribute to the end-of-stroke blow-out of the arcing contacts.

Le fait que la compression soit d'abord réalisée dans la première chambre, puis dans la seconde chambre, permet de réduire l'énergie nécessaire à la manoeuvre de la chambre de coupure.The fact that the compression is first performed in the first chamber, and then in the second chamber, reduces the energy required to maneuver the breaking chamber.

Ainsi, l'utilisation de la chambre de coupure selon l'invention dans un disjoncteur rend par exemple possible l'utilisation d'organes de manoeuvre comportant un mécanisme à ressorts nécessitant peu d'énergie.Thus, for example, the use of the breaking chamber according to the invention in a circuit breaker makes it possible to use operating members comprising a spring mechanism requiring little energy.

La seconde chambre de compression peut communiquer avec la première chambre de compression par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une valve, par exemple une valve unidirectionnelle.The second compression chamber can communicate with the first compression chamber via at least one valve, for example a one-way valve.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut comporter au moins un premier élément tubulaire formant la première chambre de compression.The current-breaking chamber may comprise at least a first tubular element forming the first compression chamber.

La première chambre de compression peut comporter à une première extrémité une buse coopérant avec le second contact d'arc pour canaliser le gaz provenant de ladite première chambre de compression. De plus, au début de l'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur, la buse et le second contact d'arc peuvent coopérer pour fermer la première chambre de compression à sa première extrémité.The first compression chamber may comprise at a first end a cooperating nozzle with the second arcing contact for channeling gas from said first compression chamber. In addition, at the beginning of the opening operation of the circuit breaker, the nozzle and the second arcing contact can cooperate to close the first compression chamber at its first end.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut comporter au moins un piston fermant la première chambre de compression à une seconde extrémité.The current interruption chamber may include at least one piston closing the first compression chamber at a second end.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut également comporter des moyens immobilisant le piston entre la position de début d'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur et la position de fin de compression de la première chambre. Ainsi, en restant immobile entre ces deux positions, le piston réduit le volume de la première chambre de compression et donc, compresse le fluide diélectrique présent dans la première chambre de compression.The current interruption chamber may also comprise means immobilizing the piston between the opening operation opening position of the circuit breaker and the compression end position of the first chamber. Thus, by remaining stationary between these two positions, the piston reduces the volume of the first compression chamber and thus compresses the dielectric fluid present in the first compression chamber.

Dans ce cas, les moyens immobilisant le piston peuvent comporter au moins un logement destiné à recevoir une butée, par exemple un bille, liée au piston.In this case, the means immobilizing the piston may comprise at least one housing for receiving a stop, for example a ball, connected to the piston.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut également comporter des moyens déplaçant axialement le piston avec l'ensemble mobile entre la position de fin de compression de la première chambre et la position de fin d'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur.The current cut-off chamber may also comprise means axially displacing the piston with the moving assembly between the compression end position of the first chamber and the end-of-circuit opening position of the circuit breaker.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut comporter des moyens pour déloger la butée du logement bloquant entre la position de fin de compression de la première chambre et la position de fin d'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur.The power failure chamber may comprise means for dislodging the stop of the blocking housing between the end position of compression of the first chamber and the end position of opening operation of the circuit breaker.

Dans ce cas, les moyens permettant de déloger la butée peuvent comporter au moins un logement destiné à recevoir la butée.In this case, the means for dislodging the stop may comprise at least one housing for receiving the stop.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut comporter au moins deux seconds éléments tubulaires coaxiaux formant la seconde chambre de compression.The current breaking chamber may comprise at least two second coaxial tubular elements forming the second compression chamber.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut comporter des moyens fermant la seconde chambre de compression à une seconde extrémité.The current interruption chamber may include means closing the second compression chamber at a second end.

Ces moyens fermant la seconde chambre de compression peuvent être fixes, tels au moins un manchon ou au moins un clapet de remplissage et au moins un clapet de décharge, ou mobiles, tels au moins un piston pouvant coopérer avec au moins un ressort.These means closing the second compression chamber may be fixed, such at least one sleeve or at least one filling valve and at least one discharge valve, or movable, such at least one piston cooperable with at least one spring.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut comporter au moins une cloison divisant la première chambre de compression en au moins deux volumes, la cloison étant munie d'au moins une valve, par exemple une valve unidirectionnelle, permettant la communication entre les deux volumes. Cette disposition permet de réduire l'encombrement en diamètre de la partie active du disjoncteur, ce qui est avantageux pour des appareils à isolement dans l'air (avec isolateur) ou sous enveloppe métallique.The current cutoff chamber may comprise at least one partition dividing the first compression chamber into at least two volumes, the partition being provided with at least one valve, for example a unidirectional valve, allowing communication between the two volumes. This arrangement reduces the size of the diameter of the active part of the circuit breaker, which is advantageous for air-insulated devices (with insulator) or metal enclosure.

Le fluide diélectrique peut être un gaz diélectrique, par exemple de l'hexafluorure de soufre (SF6) , de l'azote (N2) , de l'air sec, du gaz carbonique (CO2) ou un mélange gazeux.The dielectric fluid may be a dielectric gas, for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), dry air, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or a gaseous mixture.

La chambre de coupure de courant peut comporter des moyens déplaçant le second contact d'arc dans une direction opposée au déplacement de l'ensemble mobile durant l'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur. Dans ce cas, il s'agira d'une chambre à double mouvement de contacts.The current breaking chamber may comprise means displacing the second arcing contact in a direction opposite to the displacement of the moving assembly during the operation of opening the circuit breaker. In this case, it will be a chamber with double movement of contacts.

BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description d'exemples de réalisation donnés à titre purement indicatif et nullement limitatif en faisant référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • les figures 1A à 1C représentent une chambre de coupure de courant, objet de la présente invention, selon un premier mode de réalisation, à différentes étapes d'une opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur,
  • les figures 2A à 2C représentent une chambre de coupure de courant, objet de la présente invention, selon un second mode de réalisation, à différentes étapes d'une opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur,
  • les figures 3A à 3D représentent une chambre de coupure de courant, objet de la présente invention, selon un troisième mode de réalisation, à différentes étapes d'une opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur,
  • les figures 4A et 4B représentent une chambre de coupure de courant, objet de la présente invention, selon un quatrième mode de réalisation,
  • la figure 5 représente un disjoncteur de puissance, également objet de la présente invention, comportant une chambre de coupure de courant selon l'invention,
The present invention will be better understood on reading the description of exemplary embodiments given purely by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the Figures 1A to 1C represent a current-breaking chamber, object of the present invention, according to a first embodiment, at different stages of a circuit breaker opening operation,
  • the FIGS. 2A to 2C represent a current-breaking chamber, object of the present invention, according to a second embodiment, at different stages of a circuit breaker opening operation,
  • the Figures 3A to 3D represent a current-breaking chamber, object of the present invention, according to a third embodiment, at different stages of a circuit breaker opening operation,
  • the Figures 4A and 4B represent a current-breaking chamber, object of the present invention, according to a fourth embodiment,
  • the figure 5 represents a power circuit breaker, also object of the present invention, comprising a current breaking chamber according to the invention,

Des parties identiques, similaires ou équivalentes des différentes figures décrites ci-après portent les mêmes références numériques de façon à faciliter le passage d'une figure à l'autre.Identical, similar or equivalent parts of the different figures described below bear the same numerical references so as to facilitate the passage from one figure to another.

EXPOSÉ DÉTAILLÉ DE MODES DE RÉALISATION PARTICULIERSDETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS

La figure 1A représente une chambre de coupure de courant 1, objet de la présente invention, salon un premier mode de réalisation. Sur cette figure, la chambre de coupure 1 est en position enclenchée, c'est-à-dire en position dans laquelle se trouve la chambre de coupure 1 en début d'une opération de coupure de courant, c'est-à-dire en début d'une opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur.The Figure 1A represents a current-breaking chamber 1, object of the present invention, show a first embodiment. In this figure, the interrupting chamber 1 is in the engaged position, that is to say in the position in which the interrupting chamber 1 is at the beginning of a power failure operation, that is to say at the beginning of an opening operation of the circuit breaker.

La chambre de coupure 1 comporte une enveloppe 2 remplie d'un fluide diélectrique 3, ici un gaz diélectrique, sous pression. Ce gaz 3 peut par exemple être de l'hexafluorure de soufre (SF6), de l'azote (N 2) , de l'air sec, du gaz carbonique (CO2) ou encore un mélange gazeux. Le fluide diélectrique pourrait également être un plasma. La chambre de coupure 1 comporte un premier élément tubulaire 4 formant une première chambre de compression 5. Cette première chambre de compression 5 est fermée à une première extrémité par un piston 6 et comporte à une seconde extrémité une buse 21. La chambre de coupure 1 comporte également un premier et un second contacts d'arc 8, 7, mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre selon un axe AA. Sur cette figure, le second contact d'arc 7 coopère avec la buse 21 pour fermer la première chambre de compression 5 au niveau de sa seconde extrémité. Dans les trois premiers modes de réalisation décrits, le premier contact d'arc 8 est mobile et le second contact d'arc 7 est fixe. Le premier contact d'arc 8, ici intégré au piston 6, est disposé à l'intérieur de la première chambre de compression 5.The breaking chamber 1 comprises a casing 2 filled with a dielectric fluid 3, here a dielectric gas, under pressure. This gas 3 may for example be sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), nitrogen ( N 2 ), dry air, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or a gaseous mixture. The dielectric fluid could also be a plasma. The breaking chamber 1 comprises a first tubular element 4 forming a first compression chamber 5. This first compression chamber 5 is closed at a first end by a piston 6 and comprises at a second end a nozzle 21. The breaking chamber 1 also has first and second contacts 8, 7, movable relative to each other along an axis AA. In this figure, the second arc contact 7 cooperates with the nozzle 21 to close the first compression chamber 5 at its second end. In the first three embodiments described, the first arcing contact 8 is movable and the second arcing contact 7 is fixed. The first arcing contact 8, here integrated with the piston 6, is disposed inside the first compression chamber 5.

La chambre de coupure 1 comporte au moins deux seconds éléments tubulaires 11, 12, coaxiaux par rapport à l'axe AA. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, les deux seconds éléments tubulaires 11, 12 font partie du piston 6. L'espace entre les deux seconds éléments tubulaires 11, 12 forme une seconde chambre de compression 13. Typiquement, le volume de la seconde chambre de compression 13 est environ trois fois plus petit que celui de la première chambre de compression 5. Sur la figure 1A, la seconde chambre de compression 13 communique avec la première chambre de compression 5, à une première extrémité, par au moins une valve 14, ici une valve unidirectionnelle. Cette valve 14 ne s'ouvre que lorsque la pression dans la seconde chambre de compression 13 est supérieure à celle dans la première chambre de compression 5. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, la seconde chambre de compression 13 est fermée à une seconde extrémité par au moins un clapet de remplissage 15 et au moins un clapet de décharge 16. Le clapet de décharge 16 fonctionne comme une valve de régulation de pression : si la pression dans la seconde chambre de compression 13 dépasse un certain seuil mais reste inférieure à celle régnant dans la première chambre de compression 5, la valve 14 restant alors fermée, le clapet de décharge 16 évacue la surpression de la seconde chambre de compression 13. Ce clapet de décharge 16 est donc utilisé lorsque le courant à couper est fort et/ou que la durée d'arc est longue, c'est-à-dire lorsque le soufflage réalisé par la première chambre de compression 5 est suffisant pour éteindre l'arc. Le clapet de remplissage 15 est utilisé après l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, afin que du gaz 3 puisse entrer dans la seconde chambre de compression 13 lorsque la chambre de coupure 1 revient en position enclenchée.The breaking chamber 1 comprises at least two second tubular elements 11, 12, coaxial with respect to the axis AA. In this first embodiment, the two second tubular elements 11, 12 are part of the piston 6. The space between the two second tubular elements 11, 12 forms a second compression chamber 13. Typically, the volume of the second chamber of compression 13 is about three times smaller than that of the first compression chamber 5. On the Figure 1A , the second compression chamber 13 communicates with the first compression chamber 5, at a first end, with at least one valve 14, here a unidirectional valve. This valve 14 opens only when the pressure in the second compression chamber 13 is greater than that in the first compression chamber 5. In this first embodiment, the second compression chamber 13 is closed at a second end by at least one filling valve 15 and at least one relief valve 16. The relief valve 16 functions as a pressure regulating valve: if the pressure in the second chamber of compression 13 exceeds a certain threshold but remains lower than that prevailing in the first compression chamber 5, the valve 14 then remaining closed, the discharge valve 16 evacuates the overpressure of the second compression chamber 13. This discharge valve 16 is used when the current to be cut is strong and / or that the arc duration is long, that is to say when the blowing made by the first compression chamber 5 is sufficient to extinguish the arc. The filling valve 15 is used after the circuit breaker opening operation so that gas 3 can enter the second compression chamber 13 when the interrupting chamber 1 returns to the engaged position.

La chambre de coupure 1 comporte également des contacts permanents 17, 18 faisant circuler le courant lorsque la chambre de coupure 1 est en position enclenchée. Comme les contacts d'arc 7, 8, les contacts permanents 17, 18 sont mobiles axialement l'un par rapport à l'autre selon l'axe AA. Dans les trois modes de réalisation décrits, seul le contact 18, faisant partie du premier élément tubulaire 4, est mobile.The interrupting chamber 1 also comprises permanent contacts 17, 18 circulating the current when the interrupting chamber 1 is in the engaged position. Like the arcing contacts 7, 8, the permanent contacts 17, 18 are axially movable relative to each other along the axis AA. In the three embodiments described, only the contact 18, forming part of the first tubular element 4, is movable.

La chambre de coupure 1 comporte également un tube 30. Une première extrémité du tube 30 est liée au premier élément tubulaire 4 par l'intermédiaire d'une tige 9 disposée perpendiculairement au tube 30. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, un troisième élément tubulaire 20, relié au piston 6 et dans lequel est disposé le tube 30, est traversé par la tige 9. Le contact d'arc 8, la première chambre de compression 5, la seconde chambre de compression 13, le piston 6, le tube 30, la tige 9 et le troisième élément tubulaire 20 forment un ensemble mobile 10 adapté pour être déplacé selon l'axe AA dans l'enveloppe 2 durant l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, ou l'opération de coupure de courant.The cutting chamber 1 also comprises a tube 30. A first end of the tube 30 is connected to the first tubular element 4 via a rod 9 disposed perpendicularly to the tube 30. In this first embodiment, a third tubular element 20, connected to the piston 6 and wherein is disposed the tube 30, is traversed by the rod 9. The arc contact 8, the first compression chamber 5, the second compression chamber 13, the piston 6, the 30, the rod 9 and the third tubular member 20 form a movable assembly 10 adapted to be moved along the axis AA in the casing 2 during the circuit breaker opening operation, or the current-breaking operation.

La figure 1B représente la chambre de coupure 1 selon le premier mode de réalisation en position de fin de compression de la première chambre de compression 5. Dans cette position, par rapport à la position enclenchée, tous les éléments de l'ensemble mobile 10 sauf le piston 6 et le troisième élément tubulaire 20, ont été déplacés le long de l'axe AA par des moyens de manoeuvre, non représentés, liés à une seconde extrémité du tube 30. Le passage de la position de début d'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur à la position de fin de compression de la première chambre de compression 5 est appelé première partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur ou de l'opération de coupure de courant. Pendant cette première partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, le déplacement du premier élément tubulaire 4 réduit le volume de la première chambre de compression 5 car le piston 6 reste immobile, augmentant ainsi la pression à l'intérieur de la première chambre de compression 5. Des premiers moyens immobilisent le piston 6 pendant cette première partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur. Dans le premier mode de réalisation, ces premiers moyens sont au moins un logement 27 fixe destiné à recevoir au moins une butée 25 liée au piston 6 par l'intermédiaire du troisième élément tubulaire 20. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, la butée 25 est une bille insérée dans une paroi du troisième élément tubulaire 20. Pendant cette première partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, la tige 9, entraînée par le tube 30, se déplace dans une rainure 19 formée dans le troisième élément tubulaire 20, laissant ainsi immobiles le troisième élément tubulaire 20 et le piston 6. En général, la course du déplacement axial réalisé pendant cette première partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur représente entre environ un tiers et la moitié de la course du déplacement axial total pendant une opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur. Sur la figure 1B, les contacts permanents 17, 18 ne sont plus en contact l'un avec l'autre, contrairement aux contacts d'arc 7, 8 qui sont toujours en contact l'un avec l'autre. Donc, en position de fin de compression de la première chambre de compression 5, le courant ne passe plus que par les contacts d'arc 7, 8. Les contacts d'arc 7, 8 restent donc en contact pendant toute la phase de compression de la première chambre 5. En position de fin de compression de la première chambre de compression 5, comme représenté sur la figure 1B, des seconds moyens permettent de rendre mobile le piston 6. Dans le premier mode de réalisation, ces seconds moyens comportent au moins un logement 31 réalisé dans le tube 30, permettant de sortir la bille 25 du logement 27 et ainsi, de ne plus bloquer le mouvement du troisième élément tubulaire 20 et du piston 6.The Figure 1B represents the breaking chamber 1 according to the first embodiment in the compression end position of the first compression chamber 5. In this position, with respect to the engaged position, all the elements of the moving assembly 10 except the piston 6 and the third tubular element 20 have been moved along the axis AA by maneuvering means, not shown, connected to a second end of the tube 30. The passage of the starting position of the circuit breaker opening operation at the compression end position of the first compression chamber 5 is called the first part of the circuit breaker opening operation or the power failure operation. During this first part of the circuit breaker opening operation, the displacement of the first tubular element 4 reduces the volume of the first compression chamber 5 because the piston 6 remains stationary, thus increasing the pressure inside the first chamber 5. First means immobilize the piston 6 during this first part of the opening circuit breaker operation. In the first embodiment, these first means are at least one fixed housing 27 intended to receive at least one stop 25 connected to the piston 6 via the third tubular element 20. In this first mode embodiment, the abutment 25 is a ball inserted in a wall of the third tubular element 20. During this first part of the circuit breaker opening operation, the rod 9, driven by the tube 30, moves in a groove 19 formed in the third tubular element 20, thereby leaving the third tubular element 20 and the piston 6 stationary. In general, the axial displacement stroke achieved during this first part of the circuit-breaker opening operation represents between about one-third and one-half. the stroke of the total axial displacement during a breaker opening operation. On the Figure 1B the permanent contacts 17, 18 are no longer in contact with each other, unlike the arcing contacts 7, 8 which are always in contact with each other. Therefore, in the compression end position of the first compression chamber 5, the current passes only through the arcing contacts 7, 8. The arcing contacts 7, 8 therefore remain in contact during the entire compression phase. of the first chamber 5. In the compression end position of the first compression chamber 5, as shown in FIG. Figure 1B second means make it possible to make the piston 6 mobile. In the first embodiment, these second means comprise at least one housing 31 made in the tube 30, enabling the ball 25 to be taken out of the housing 27 and thus, to no longer block the movement of the third tubular element 20 and the piston 6.

La figure 1C représente la chambre de coupure 1, selon le premier mode de réalisation, en position de fin d'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, correspondant à une position de fin de compression de la seconde chambre de compression 13. Dans cette position, par rapport à la position représentée sur la figure 1B, tous les éléments de l'ensemble mobile 10 ont été déplacés le long de l'axe AA. Le passage de la position de fin de compression de la première chambre de compression à la position de fin de compression de la seconde chambre de compression 13 est appelé seconde partie de l'opération de coupure de courant ou de l'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur. Pendant cette seconde partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, le déplacement de la tige 9 entraîne le déplacement axial du piston 6 par l'intermédiaire du troisième élément tubulaire 20. Le déplacement du piston 6 réduit le volume de la seconde chambre de compression 13, augmentant ainsi la pression à l'intérieur de la seconde chambre 13. Entant donné que la compression dans la première chambre de compression 5 est terminée et. que la compression du gaz ne s'effectue que dans là seconde chambre, l'énergie nécessaire au déplacement de l'ensemble mobile 10 est bien inférieure pendant cette seconde partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur que pendant la compression de la première chambre 5. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, le clapet de remplissage 15 et le clapet de décharge 16 sont fixes.The figure 1C represents the breaking chamber 1, according to the first embodiment, in end of circuit breaker opening operation position, corresponding to a compression end position of the second compression chamber 13. In this position, relative to the position shown on the Figure 1B all elements of the moving assembly 10 have been moved along the axis AA. The transition from the compression end position of the first compression chamber to the compression end position of the second compression chamber 13 is called the second part of the power failure operation or the opening operation of the breaker. During this second part of the circuit breaker opening operation, the displacement of the rod 9 causes the piston 6 to move axially via the third tubular element 20. The displacement of the piston 6 reduces the volume of the second chamber compression 13, thus increasing the pressure inside the second chamber 13. Since the compression in the first compression chamber 5 is complete and. that the compression of the gas takes place only in the second chamber, the energy required for the displacement of the moving assembly 10 is much lower during this second part of the circuit breaker opening operation than during the compression of the first 5. In this first embodiment, the filling valve 15 and the relief valve 16 are fixed.

Pendant cette seconde partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, un arc se forme entre les deux contacts d'arc 7, 8 lorsqu'ils ne sont plus en contact l'un avec l'autre. Les contacts d'arc 7, 8 sont séparés l'un de l'autre qu'après la fin de la compression de la première chambre 5. Ensuite, la chambre de coupure 1 passe par une position d'ouverture de la première chambre de compression 5. Cette position est atteinte lorsque la buse .21 ne coopère plus avec le contact d'arc 7 pour fermer la première chambre de compression 5. L'arc formé entre les contacts d'arc 7 et 8 passe alors par la buse 21. Le soufflage de l'arc se produit lorsque le contact d'arc 7 ne coopère plus avec la buse 21 pour fermer la première chambre de compression. En effet, lorsque la première chambre de compression 5 s'ouvre au niveau de la buse 21, la surpression créée dans la première chambre de compression 5 provoque un soufflage du volume de gaz contenu dans la première chambre 5 vers l'enveloppe 2 à travers la buse 21. Le soufflage est réalisé par un volume de gaz ayant une forte densité du fait que la compression de la première chambre 5 soit achevée avant la séparation des contacts d'arc 7, 8, améliorant ainsi les performances de coupure par rapport à une compression de la première chambre qui ne serait que partiellement réalisée au moment de la séparation des contacts d'arc 7, 8.During this second part of the circuit-breaker opening operation, an arc is formed between the two arcing contacts 7, 8 when they are no longer in contact with each other. Arc contacts 7, 8 are separated from each other after the end of the compression of the first chamber 5. Then, the interrupting chamber 1 passes through an open position of the first compression chamber 5. This position is reached when the nozzle .21 no longer cooperates with the arc contact 7 to close the first compression chamber 5. The arc formed between the arc contacts 7 and 8 then passes through the nozzle 21. The blowing of the arc occurs when the arcing contact 7 no longer cooperates with the nozzle 21 to close the first compression chamber. Indeed, when the first compression chamber 5 opens at the nozzle 21, the pressure created in the first compression chamber 5 causes a blow of the volume of gas contained in the first chamber 5 to the casing 2 through the nozzle 21. The blowing is carried out by a volume of gas having a high density because the compression of the first chamber 5 is completed before the separation of the arc contacts 7, 8, thus improving the breaking performance with respect to a compression of the first chamber which would only be partially achieved at the time of separation of the arcing contacts 7, 8.

Si la durée de l'arc est courte, le soufflage réalisé par la première chambre de compression 5 est suffisant pour éteindre l'arc.If the duration of the arc is short, the blowing performed by the first compression chamber 5 is sufficient to extinguish the arc.

Si la durée de l'arc est longue, et que la valeur du courant est proche de la valeur de défaut, l'énergie apportée par l'arc est suffisante pour que le soufflage créé par la première de chambre de compression 5 éteigne l'arc.If the duration of the arc is long, and the value of the current is close to the default value, the energy supplied by the arc is sufficient for the blowing created by the first compression chamber 5 extinguishes the bow.

Dans ces deux cas, le clapet de décharge 16 permet d'évacuer une éventuelle surpression créée dans la seconde chambre de compression 13 pendant l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur.In both cases, the discharge valve 16 makes it possible to evacuate any positive pressure created in the second compression chamber 13 during the circuit breaker opening operation.

Par contre, si la durée de l'arc est longue, et que la valeur du courant est faible, c'est-à-dire inférieure à environ 60% de la valeur de défaut, l'énergie apportée par l'arc est insuffisante pour que le soufflage créé par la première chambre de compression 5 éteigne l'arc. L'arc est donc toujours présent après la décompression du gaz présent dans la première chambre 5. La pression dans la première chambre de compression 5 est alors inférieure à celle dans la seconde chambre de compression 13, ce qui provoque l'ouverture de la valve 14. Du gaz est alors soufflé depuis la seconde chambre de compression 13, et ce soufflage continu jusqu'à ce que l'ensemble mobile 10 arrive en fin de course ou que l'arc s'éteigne.On the other hand, if the duration of the arc is long, and the value of the current is weak, that is to say less than about 60% of the default value, the energy brought by the arc is insufficient. so that the blowing created by the first compression chamber 5 extinguishes the arc. The arc is therefore always present after the decompression of the gas present in the first chamber 5. The pressure in the first compression chamber 5 is then lower than that in the second compression chamber 13, which causes the opening of the valve 14. Gas is then blown from the second compression chamber 13, and this continuous blowing until the moving assembly 10 reaches the end of stroke or the arc goes out.

La figure 2A représente une chambre de coupure de courant 1 suivant l'invention selon un second mode de réalisation. Sur cette figure 2A, la chambre de coupure 1 est en position de début d'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, ou d'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur.The Figure 2A represents a current breaking chamber 1 according to the invention according to a second embodiment. On this Figure 2A , the interrupting chamber 1 is in the starting position of circuit breaker opening operation, or circuit breaker opening operation.

Par rapport au premier mode de réalisation, la première chambre de compression 5 comporte ici deux volumes 5a, 5b. Le premier volume 5a est celui où s'effectue la compression par le piston 6 lors de la première partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur. Les deux volumes 5a, 5b sont séparés par une paroi 22 munie d'au moins une valve unidirectionnelle 23 ne s'ouvrant que lorsque la pression dans le premier volume 5a est supérieure à celle du volume 5b. Ainsi, lorsque le gaz est comprimé dans le premier volume 5a, la pression augmente de manière similaire dans le second volume 5b. La première chambre de compression 5 est ici formée par le premier élément tubulaire 4, qui réalise le second volume 5b, et par le second élément tubulaire 11, qui réalise le premier volume 5a. Les deux seconds éléments tubulaires 11 et 12, coaxiaux par rapport à l'axe AA, forment la seconde chambre de compression 13. Dans ce second mode de réalisation, là seconde chambre de compression 13 est fermée à la seconde extrémité par des moyens fixes, par exemple au moins un manchon 24. La chambre de coupure 1 comporte également les deux contacts d'arc 7, 8 comme dans le premier mode de réalisation. Seul le contact d'arc 8, ici intégré au premier élément tubulaire 4, est mobile. Dans le second mode de réalisation, étant donné que la seconde chambre de compression 13 est fermée par un manchon 24 et non par un clapet de remplissage, la seconde chambre de compression 13 est munie d'une valve de limitation de pression 32, destinée à remplir le même rôle que le clapet de emplissage 16 utilisé dans le premier mode de réalisation. Dans ce second mode de réalisation, le piston 6 est disposé de manière coulissante sur le tube 30, sans utiliser un élément tubulaire 20 intermédiaire comme pour le premier mode de réalisation, et la bille 25 est directement insérée dans une paroi du piston 6.With respect to the first embodiment, the first compression chamber 5 here comprises two volumes 5a, 5b. The first volume 5a is the one in which compression is performed by the piston 6 during the first part of the circuit breaker opening operation. The two volumes 5a, 5b are separated by a wall 22 provided with at least one valve unidirectional 23 opening only when the pressure in the first volume 5a is greater than that of the volume 5b. Thus, when the gas is compressed in the first volume 5a, the pressure increases similarly in the second volume 5b. The first compression chamber 5 is here formed by the first tubular element 4, which produces the second volume 5b, and the second tubular element 11, which produces the first volume 5a. The two second tubular elements 11 and 12, coaxial with the axis AA, form the second compression chamber 13. In this second embodiment, the second compression chamber 13 is closed at the second end by fixed means, for example at least one sleeve 24. The interrupting chamber 1 also comprises the two arc contacts 7, 8 as in the first embodiment. Only the arc contact 8, here integrated with the first tubular element 4, is movable. In the second embodiment, since the second compression chamber 13 is closed by a sleeve 24 and not by a filling valve, the second compression chamber 13 is provided with a pressure limiting valve 32, intended for perform the same role as the filling valve 16 used in the first embodiment. In this second embodiment, the piston 6 is slidably disposed on the tube 30, without using an intermediate tubular element 20 as for the first embodiment, and the ball 25 is inserted directly into a wall of the piston 6.

La figure 2B représente la chambre de coupure 1 selon le second mode de réalisation en position de fin de compression de la première chambre de compression 5. Comme dans le premier mode de réalisation, par rapport à la position enclenchée, tous les éléments de l'ensemble mobile 10 sauf le piston 6, ont été déplacés le long de l'axe AA par des moyens de manoeuvre, non représentés. En position de fin de compression de la première chambre de compression, la paroi 22 se trouve en contact avec le piston 6, le premier volume 5a étant devenu nul ou quasiment nul. La pression ainsi créée par le premier volume 5a se retrouve dans le second volume 5b. Contrairement au premier mode de réalisation, la compression dans la seconde chambre de compression 13 se déroule durant toute l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur. Pendant la première partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, comme cela peut se voir sur la figure 2A, la bille 25 roule sur une tige 26 montée sur le tube 30. Lorsque le déplacement axial de l'ensemble mobile 10 arrive en position de fin de compression de la première chambre de compression 5, un logement 31 réalisé dans la tige 26 permet de sortir la bille 25 de son logement 27, rendant ainsi mobile le piston 6. Ainsi, pendant la seconde partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, le piston 6 est entraîné dans le déplacement de l'ensemble mobile 10 par la paroi 22 et le déverrouillage des billes, jusqu'à atteindre la position de fin de compression de la seconde chambre de compression 13, représentée sur la figure 2C. Le principe de fonctionnement de la chambre de compression étant identique pour les deux modes de réalisation, la figure 2C ne sera pas décrite en détail.The Figure 2B represents the breaking chamber 1 according to the second embodiment in compression end position of the first compression chamber 5. As in the first embodiment, with respect to the engaged position, all the elements of the moving assembly 10 except the piston 6, have been moved along the axis AA by maneuvering means, not shown. In the end compression position of the first compression chamber, the wall 22 is in contact with the piston 6, the first volume 5a has become zero or virtually zero. The pressure thus created by the first volume 5a is found in the second volume 5b. In contrast to the first embodiment, the compression in the second compression chamber 13 takes place during the entire circuit breaker opening operation. During the first part of the breaker opening operation, as can be seen on the Figure 2A , the ball 25 rolls on a rod 26 mounted on the tube 30. When the axial displacement of the moving assembly 10 arrives in the compression end position of the first compression chamber 5, a housing 31 made in the rod 26 allows the remove the ball 25 from its housing 27, thereby moving the piston 6. Thus, during the second part of the circuit breaker opening operation, the piston 6 is driven in the displacement of the movable assembly 10 by the wall 22 and unlocking the balls, until reaching the end compression position of the second compression chamber 13, shown in FIG. Figure 2C . The operating principle of the compression chamber being identical for the two modes of realization, the Figure 2C will not be described in detail.

La figure 3A représente une chambre de coupure 1 selon un troisième mode de réalisation. Par rapport au second mode de réalisation, la seconde chambre de compression 13 est fermée à sa seconde extrémité par des moyens mobiles, par exemple au moins un piston 28 et un ressort 29. Ces moyens mobiles permettent de réguler la pression dans la seconde chambre de compression 13 pendant toute l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur. Ainsi, lorsque l'ensemble mobile 10 arrive en position de fin de compression de la première chambre dé compression 5, représentée sur la figure 3B, le piston 28 est dans une position sensiblement similaire par rapport à celle de la figure 3A, les pressions dans la première et la seconde chambres de compression 5, 13 étant sensiblement identiques. Pendant la seconde partie de l'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur, représentée par la figure 3C, si la pression, devient trop importante, c'est-à-dire lorsque le gaz 3 est évacué par le clapet d'évacuation 16 ou la valve de limitation de pression 32 dans les deux premiers modes de réalisation, ici le piston 28 recule pour ne pas que la pression augmente trop dans la seconde chambre de compression 13. L'arc formée entre les contacts d'arc 7, 8 est tout d'abord soufflé par le gaz sortant de la première chambre de compression 5 par la buse 21 puis, lorsque la pression diminue dans la première chambre de compression 5, le piston avance de manière à continuer le soufflage de l'arc pendant tout le déplacement de l'ensemble mobile 10, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 3D. Ce troisième mode de réalisation permet de répartir au mieux le soufflage réalisé par la seconde chambre de compression 13, pendant toute la durée d'arc.The figure 3A represents a breaking chamber 1 according to a third embodiment. With respect to the second embodiment, the second compression chamber 13 is closed at its second end by movable means, for example at least one piston 28 and a spring 29. These movable means make it possible to regulate the pressure in the second chamber. compression 13 during the entire operation of opening circuit breaker. Thus, when the moving assembly 10 arrives in the compression end position of the first compression chamber 5, shown in FIG. figure 3B , the piston 28 is in a position substantially similar to that of the figure 3A the pressures in the first and second compression chambers 5, 13 being substantially identical. During the second part of the breaker opening operation, represented by the figure 3C if the pressure becomes too great, that is to say when the gas 3 is evacuated by the discharge valve 16 or the pressure limiting valve 32 in the first two embodiments, here the piston 28 moves back to prevent the pressure from increasing too much in the second compression chamber 13. The arc formed between the arcing contacts 7, 8 is first blown by the gas issuing from the first compression chamber 5 through the nozzle 21 then, when the pressure decreases in the first compression chamber 5, the piston advances so as to continue the blowing of the arc during the entire movement of the moving assembly 10, as shown on the 3D figure . This third embodiment makes it possible to best distribute the blowing produced by the second compression chamber 13 during the entire arc duration.

La figure 4A représente une chambre de coupure 1 selon un quatrième mode de réalisation. Par rapport aux modes de réalisation précédents, les deux contacts d'arc de ce quatrième mode de réalisation sont mobiles. Comme sur les figures 1A à 1C, le premier contact d'arc 8 est intégré au piston 6. Donc, comme dans le premier mode de réalisation, le premier contact d'arc 8 est mobile entre la position de fin de compression de la première chambre 5 et la position de fin d'opération d'ouverture de disjoncteur.The Figure 4A represents a breaking chamber 1 according to a fourth embodiment. Compared to the previous embodiments, the two arcing contacts of this fourth embodiment are movable. As on the Figures 1A to 1C the first arc contact 8 is integrated with the piston 6. Thus, as in the first embodiment, the first arc contact 8 is movable between the compression end position of the first chamber 5 and the end position. operating circuit breaker opening.

La figure 4B représente la chambre de coupure de courant 1 en position de fin de compression de la première chambre 5. Entre cette position et la position de la figure 4A, le piston 6 est resté immobile. Le premier élément tubulaire 4 s'est déplacé axialement le long de l'axe AA, entraînant la compression du gaz diélectrique se trouvant dans la première chambre de compression. Comme on peut le voir sur les figures 4A et 4B, le mouvement du premier élément tubulaire 4 entraîne le mouvement d'un levier 33 et par l'intermédiaire d'un levier 35 qui, relié au second contact d'arc 7 par des bras 34, entraîne le déplacement axial du second contact d'arc 7 dans le sens opposé au déplacement du premier élément tubulaire 4. Ce double mouvement des contacts permet de diminuer l'énergie cinétique nécessaire pendant une manoeuvre d'ouverture, les deux contacts se déplaçant avec une vitesse divisée par deux par rapport à deux contacts dont seul un des deux est mobile. Cette utilisation d'un levier permettant le déplacement des deux contacts d'arc dans des directions opposées l'une de l'autre est par exemple décrit dans le brevet EP 0 313 813 .The Figure 4B represents the current-breaking chamber 1 in the compression end position of the first chamber 5. Between this position and the position of the Figure 4A , the piston 6 remained motionless. The first tubular element 4 has moved axially along the axis AA, causing compression of the dielectric gas in the first compression chamber. As can be seen on the Figures 4A and 4B , the movement of the first tubular element 4 causes the movement of a lever 33 and via a lever 35 which, connected to the second arcing contact 7 by arms 34, causes the axial displacement of the second contact of arc 7 in the opposite direction to the displacement of the first tubular element 4. This double movement of the contacts reduces the kinetic energy required during an opening maneuver, the two contacts moving with a speed divided by two compared to two contacts of which only one of them is mobile. This use of a lever allowing the displacement of the two arcing contacts in opposite directions from each other is for example described in the patent. EP 0 313 813 .

La présente invention est particulièrement adaptée pour fonctionner sous haute tension, par exemple lorsque la tension est supérieure à 245 kV.The present invention is particularly adapted to operate under high voltage, for example when the voltage is greater than 245 kV.

La présente invention concerne également un disjoncteur 100, représenté sur la figure 5, comportant une chambre de coupure 1 selon l'un quelconque des modes de réalisation décrits précédemment. Ce disjoncteur 100 sera, par exemple, un disjoncteur de puissance à haute ou moyenne tension, c'est-à-dire utilisé pour des tensions supérieures à environ 52 kV. La chambre de coupure 1 est reliée à un organe de manoeuvre 40 permettant d'actionner la compression dans la chambre de coupure 1 et l'ouverture du disjoncteur 100.The present invention also relates to a circuit breaker 100, shown in FIG. figure 5 , comprising a breaking chamber 1 according to any one of the embodiments described above. This circuit breaker 100 will be, for example, a high or medium voltage power circuit breaker, that is to say used for voltages greater than about 52 kV. The breaking chamber 1 is connected to an operating member 40 for actuating the compression in the breaking chamber 1 and the opening of the circuit breaker 100.

Claims (16)

  1. A current-interrupting chamber (1) designed to be used in a circuit-breaker (100), said current-interrupting chamber being filled with a dielectric fluid (3) and including:
    a moving assembly (10) mounted to move axially between a position at the start of a circuit-breaker opening operation and a position at the end of a circuit-breaker opening operation, said moving assembly comprising :
    a) at least one first compression chamber (5) whose volume decreases between the position at the start of a circuit-breaker opening operation and a position at the end of compression of the first chamber (5),
    b) at least one first arcing contact (8) designed to co-operate with a second arcing contact (7), the two arcing contacts (7, 8) being mounted to move axially relative to each other,
    c) at least one second compression chamber (13), communicating at a first end with the first compression chamber (5), the volume of said second compression chamber decreasing between the position at the start of a circuit-breaker opening operation and the position at the end of a circuit-breaker opening operation, said second compression chamber being designed to inject dielectric fluid (3) into the first compression chamber (5), between a position in which the first chamber (5) is open and the position at the end of the circuit-breaker opening operation, when the pressure in the first compression chamber (5) is lower than the pressure in the second compression chamber (13), characterised in that the position at the end of compression of the first chamber (5) is reached before the position at the end of the circuit-breaker opening operation, and a position at the end of compression of the second chamber (13) is reached after the position at the end of compression of the first chamber (5).
  2. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to claim 1, in which the second compression chamber (13) communicates with the first compression chamber (5) via at least one valve (14).
  3. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any preceding claim, including at least one first tubular element (4, 11) forming the first compression chamber (5).
  4. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any preceding claim, in which the first compression chamber (5) has, at a first end, a nozzle (21) co-operating with the second arcing contact (7) to channel the gas coming from said first compression chamber (5).
  5. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any preceding claim, including at least one piston (6) closing the first compression chamber (5) at a second end.
  6. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to claim 5, including means for holding the piston (6) stationary between the position at the start of the circuit-breaker opening operation and the position at the end of compression of the first chamber (5).
  7. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to claim 6, in which the means for holding the piston (6) stationary comprise at least one recess (27) designed to receive an abutment (25) coupled to the piston (6).
  8. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, including means for moving the piston (6) axially with the moving assembly (10) between the position at the end of compression of the first chamber (5) and the position at the end of the circuit-breaker opening operation.
  9. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to claim 7, including means for releasing the abutment (25) from the locking recess (27) between the position at the end of compression of the first chamber (5) and the position at the end of the circuit-breaker opening operation.
  10. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any preceding claim, including at least two coaxial second tubular elements (11, 12) forming the second compression chamber (13).
  11. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any preceding claim, including means (15, 16, 24, 28, 29) for closing the second compression chamber (13) at a second end.
  12. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to claim 11, in which the means (15, 16, 24, 28, 29) for closing the second compression chamber (13) are stationary or moving means.
  13. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to claim 12, in which the means for closing the second compression chamber (13) comprise at least one sleeve (24) or at least one filling valve (15) and at least one discharge valve (16) or at least one piston (28).
  14. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any preceding claim, including at least one partition (22) subdividing the first compression chamber (5) into at least two volumes (5a, 5b), the partition (22) being provided with at least one valve (23) making it possible to put the two volumes (5a 5b) into communication with each other.
  15. A current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any preceding claim, including means for moving the second arcing contact (7) in a direction opposite from the direction in which the moving assembly (10) moves during the circuit-breaker opening operation.
  16. A circuit-breaker (100) comprising a current-interrupting chamber (1) according to any preceding claim.
EP06807660A 2005-11-03 2006-10-30 Interrupting chamber with double compression chamber Active EP1943657B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0553325A FR2892851B1 (en) 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 CURRENT CURRENT CHAMBER WITH DOUBLE COMPRESSION CHAMBER
PCT/EP2006/067934 WO2007051778A1 (en) 2005-11-03 2006-10-30 Current interrupter device having a double compression chamber

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1943657A1 EP1943657A1 (en) 2008-07-16
EP1943657B1 true EP1943657B1 (en) 2010-04-07

Family

ID=36643338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06807660A Active EP1943657B1 (en) 2005-11-03 2006-10-30 Interrupting chamber with double compression chamber

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US7964816B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1943657B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5221367B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101332724B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101300654B (en)
AT (1) ATE463830T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2627916C (en)
DE (1) DE602006013499D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2892851B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007051778A1 (en)

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DE102011083594A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit-breaker interrupter unit
EP2791958B2 (en) 2011-12-13 2019-07-17 ABB Schweiz AG Circuit breaker with fluid injection
EP2791959B1 (en) 2011-12-13 2016-03-09 ABB Technology AG Circuit breaker with fluid injection
DE102012202408A1 (en) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear arrangement
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CN106328430B (en) * 2016-08-25 2018-08-07 中国西电电气股份有限公司 A kind of arc-chutes of series connection plenum chamber
FR3057388B1 (en) * 2016-10-10 2019-05-24 Supergrid Institute CO2 SWITCH FOR HIGH VOLTAGE CONTINUOUS NETWORK
CN109346370B (en) * 2018-11-01 2019-10-11 沈阳工业大学 A kind of piston helps gas dual intensity formula high pressure SF6Arc-extinguishing chamber of circuit breaker
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101332724B1 (en) 2013-11-25
KR20080074146A (en) 2008-08-12
US7964816B2 (en) 2011-06-21
EP1943657A1 (en) 2008-07-16
US20080290069A1 (en) 2008-11-27
CN101300654A (en) 2008-11-05
CA2627916C (en) 2014-08-05
JP5221367B2 (en) 2013-06-26
DE602006013499D1 (en) 2010-05-20
WO2007051778A1 (en) 2007-05-10
JP2009515297A (en) 2009-04-09
FR2892851A1 (en) 2007-05-04
CN101300654B (en) 2011-06-08
CA2627916A1 (en) 2007-05-10
FR2892851B1 (en) 2013-12-06
ATE463830T1 (en) 2010-04-15

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