EP1935595B1 - Apparatus and process for chipping tree trunks - Google Patents

Apparatus and process for chipping tree trunks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1935595B1
EP1935595B1 EP07024928A EP07024928A EP1935595B1 EP 1935595 B1 EP1935595 B1 EP 1935595B1 EP 07024928 A EP07024928 A EP 07024928A EP 07024928 A EP07024928 A EP 07024928A EP 1935595 B1 EP1935595 B1 EP 1935595B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knife
rotor
wood material
discharge
chopping
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EP07024928A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1935595A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Steininger
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/005—Tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the comminution of logs according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device for comminuting smaller wood material, in particular branches, with a rotary driven shredder for shredding the wood material, a conveyor for transporting the wood material to be shredded to the crusher, and a rotary driven discharger for discharging shredded wood material, and a drive means for driving the crushing device, the conveyor, and the discharge device are known as stationary, non-mobile wood crushing machines.
  • the individual machine units are designed independently of each other and optimized for stationary operation.
  • Devices for comminution of wood material are approximately from the DE 20 2005 010025 U1 (which serves as a basis for the preamble of claim 1), WO 2005/092509 . US 5 028 299 A . US 5,667,152 , as well as the DE 41 26 910 C1 known.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a device for crushing logs in such a way that a much reduced effort in the shredding of the wood can be guaranteed.
  • the inventive apparatus for shredding logs has a shredder for shredding the logs, a discharge device for discharging the shredded wood material, and a drive device with a plurality of drive units for driving the shredder and / or the discharge device, wherein a drying device associated with the discharge device is, and the output from the drive device during operation or generated thermal energy of the Drying device for the drying of the crushed wood material can be fed.
  • the invention is characterized in that the knife edges are arranged obliquely with respect to the axis of rotation of the knife rotor at a predetermined angle, and the knife edges are arranged in the axial direction of the knife rotor in series and alternately or mutually in such a way that the angular position of immediately adjacent knife edges is different , Due to the oblique arrangement of the cutting tools relative to the direction of the rotor axis, a cut is possible obliquely to the fiber of the wood, whereby a much reduced effort in the crushing of the wood can be guaranteed.
  • the knife edges are arranged alternately or alternately in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
  • the device 1 for shredding logs 8 comprises a commutating device 9 for comminuting the wood material 8, which is rotationally driven about a plane (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) and has a conveyor belt 16 and a conveyor roller 2 for transporting the material comminuting wood material 8 to the crusher 9, a about a (arranged in the plane of rotation) 3A rotationally driven discharge device 3 for discharging the crushed wood material 8A, and an electromotive drive means 6 for driving the crusher 9, optionally the conveyor 2, 16, and the discharge device 3.
  • the rotational drive shaft 9A of the crushing device 9 and the rotational drive axis 3A of the discharge device 3 are arranged approximately transversely to each other.
  • a conveyor 16 is provided for the transport of the shredded wood trunk 8 to the shredding device, in the form of a belt conveyor 16, via which the log 8 of the shredder 9 is supplied.
  • a drying device 10 assigned to the discharge device 3 is provided, wherein the heat energy emitted or generated by the drive device 6 during operation can be fed to the drying device 10 for drying the comminuted wood material 8A.
  • the drive device 6 has a cooling water circuit 11 with a cooling water inlet 10 A and a cooling water outlet 10 B for cooling the drive units, wherein the drying device 10 has a provided in the cooling water circuit 11 heat exchanger 10 C.
  • the drying device 10 or the heat exchanger is in the form of a side to one side (in the figures, the upper side) open trough, wherein the discharge device 3 is received in the tub or runs in the tub.
  • the discharge device 3 to a screw conveyor namely, the screw conveyor has two opposite rotationally driven worm shafts 3.1 and 3.2, wherein the two screw shafts 3.1 and 3.2 are arranged or stored within the formed in the form of a tub drying device 10.
  • the discharge device 3 has a belt conveyor device with a conveyor belt 12, wherein at least part of the conveyor belt 12 is again arranged or extends within the drying device 10 which is in the form of a trough.
  • the discharge device 3 is connected to a flow-driven ejection means 5 such as in particular a blower 4, with which the crushed wood material 8 is preferably thrown onto a (not shown) loading area of a towing vehicle or vehicle trailer.
  • a flow-driven ejection means 5 such as in particular a blower 4, with which the crushed wood material 8 is preferably thrown onto a (not shown) loading area of a towing vehicle or vehicle trailer.
  • the ejection means 5 may also be formed in the form of an ejection belt 7, as shown in FIG FIG. 1 is shown in dashed lines.
  • the rotational drive axis 4A of the flow-driven conveyor 4 is approximately transverse to the rotational drive axis 9A of the crusher 9, which in turn is arranged approximately transversely to the axis of rotation 3A of the screw shafts.
  • the discharge device 3 is a spraying device 13 for spraying the wood material 8 with a liquid or fluid Assigned active ingredient 14, which spray 13 has a plurality of distributed over the length of the discharge device 3 and / or the conveyor arranged spray heads 15, wherein the spray heads 15 act on the subsidized wood material 8.
  • the liquid or fluid agent 14 may be tempered, wherein the heat energy required for the temperature control is at least partially recovered and / or branched off from the heat energy emitted or generated by the drive device 6 during operation.
  • the active ingredient 14 has a means for reducing or preventing the mold growth of the wood material 8.
  • the crushing device 1, the conveyor 16, the rotationally driven discharge device 3, the ejection means 4, 5, and the drive units of the drive device 6 are all arranged on a (not shown) train or trailer vehicle, wherein the rotational drive axis 3A of the discharge approximately in the direction of travel Traction or trailer vehicle is arranged, while the rotational drive axis 9A of the crushing device is arranged approximately transversely to the direction of travel of the towing vehicle or trailer.
  • the shredding device 9 for crushing logs or long wood 8 has a plurality of carbide blades 30 which are arranged or formed on the circumference of a rotary-driven knife rotor 70.
  • the knife edges 80 of the hard metal blades 30 are arranged at an angle relative to the axis of rotation 90 of the knife rotor 70 at a predetermined angle.
  • the knife edges 80 of the rotor 70 are associated with counter-cutting edges 120 of a counter-blade 20, and indeed the angular position of the relevant counter-blade 120 is adapted to that of the corresponding blade edge 80.
  • the rotor body of the rotor 70 is composed of a plurality of rotor disks 130, in particular two different disk diameters, the rotor disks 130 being arranged side by side in such a way that a rotor disk 13A with a larger rotor diameter follows a rotor disk 13B with a smaller rotor diameter.
  • the hard metal blades 30 are suitably fixed, e.g. by screwing, clamping, riveting, soldering or other known manner of connection.
  • the knife edges 80 of the hard metal blades 30 in the axial direction 100 of the rotor in series alternately or alternately arranged such that the angular position of immediately adjacent knife edges 80A and 80B is different.
  • the knife edges 80C and 80D of the hard metal blades 30 in the circumferential direction 110 of the rotor 70 are arranged alternately or alternately offset over the circumference.
  • the respective counter-blade 120 is also obliquely formed to ensure an exact cut (see. Fig. 12 ).
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 is shown a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the crushing device 9 is by means of a in the FIGS. 13 and 14 only schematically indicated electrical insulation 40 relative to the feeder 2 electrically arranged isolated or formed.
  • the crushing device 9 is electrically / magnetically isolated by a provided between the storage 31 of the shredder 9 and a chassis 50 insulation mat or insulation film 40 from the other components of the wood shredder according to the invention.
  • an electrical voltage U is applied between the shredder 9 and the feeder 2. If a metallic foreign body 17 is now drawn in and touches the comminution unit 9 and another component of the wood comminution machine, the circuit is closed and an electrical signal can be detected by the detector circuit 110. In response to this signal, the intake by the conveyor 2 and / or the comminution unit 1 is immediately stopped or retracted, and thus prevents damage to the machine 9. Thus, an electrical current flow through the detector circuit 110 is detected and evaluated by a foreign body 17 penetrating between the cutting device 9 and the feed device 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

A wood cutting and chopping device has a chopping device (9) for tree trunks and branches (8) and a discharge device (3) for discharging chopped wood material (8A) and a drive device (6) with several drive sets for driving the chopping and cutting device (9) and/or discharge device (3). A drying appliance (10) used with the discharge device (3) utilizes the thermal energy from the drive device (6) for drying the chopped wood material (8A). An independent claim is included for a method for cutting up tree trunks and branches.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Holzstämmen nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a device for the comminution of logs according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von kleinerem Holzmaterial wie insbesondere Zweige, mit einer drehangetriebenen Zerkleinerungseinrichtung für die Zerkleinerung des Holzmaterials, einer Fördereinrichtung für den Transport des zu zerkleinernden Holzmaterials an die Zerkleinerungseinrichtung, und mit einer drehangetriebenen Austragungseinrichtung für die Austragung des zerkleinerten Holzmaterials, und mit einer Antriebseinrichtung für den Antrieb der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung, der Fördereinrichtung, und der Austragungseinrichtung sind als stationäre, nicht mobile Holzzerkleinerungsmaschinen bekannt. Bei dieser sind die einzelnen Maschinenaggregate unabhängig voneinander konstruiert und für einen stationären Betrieb optimiert.A device for comminuting smaller wood material, in particular branches, with a rotary driven shredder for shredding the wood material, a conveyor for transporting the wood material to be shredded to the crusher, and a rotary driven discharger for discharging shredded wood material, and a drive means for driving the crushing device, the conveyor, and the discharge device are known as stationary, non-mobile wood crushing machines. In this case, the individual machine units are designed independently of each other and optimized for stationary operation.

Vorrichtungen zur Zerkleinerung von Holzmaterial sind etwa aus der DE 20 2005 010025 U1 (die als Basis für den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dient), WO 2005/092509 , US 5 028 299 A , US 5 667 152 A , sowie der DE 41 26 910 C1 bekannt.Devices for comminution of wood material are approximately from the DE 20 2005 010025 U1 (which serves as a basis for the preamble of claim 1), WO 2005/092509 . US 5 028 299 A . US 5,667,152 , as well as the DE 41 26 910 C1 known.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Holzstämmen dergestalt weiterzuentwickeln, dass ein wesentlich verminderter Kraftaufwand bei der Zerkleinerung des Holzes gewährleistet werden kann.The invention has for its object to further develop a device for crushing logs in such a way that a much reduced effort in the shredding of the wood can be guaranteed.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Holzstämmen weist eine Zerkleinerungseinrichtung für die Zerkleinerung der Holzstämme, eine Austragungseinrichtung für die Austragung des zerkleinerten Holzmaterials, und eine Antriebseinrichtung mit mehrere Antriebsaggregaten für den Antrieb der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung und/dder der Austragungseinrichtung auf, wobei eine der Austragungseinrichtung zugeordnete Trocknungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, und die von der Antriebseinrichtung während des Betriebes abgegebene bzw. erzeugte Wärmeenergie der Trocknungseinrichtung für die Trocknung des zerkleinerten Holzmaterials zuführbar ist. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Messerschneiden gegenüber der Drehachse des Messerrotors unter einem vorbestimmten Winkel schräg angeordnet sind, und die Messerschneiden in axialer Richtung des Messerrotors in Reihe und alternierend bzw. wechselseitig dergestalt angeordnet sind, dass die Winkelstellung unmittelbar benachbarter Messerschneiden unterschiedlich ist. Durch die schräge Anordnung der Schneidwerkzeuge gegenüber der Richtung der Rotorachse wird ein Schnitt schräg zur Faser des Holzes möglich, wodurch ein wesentlich verminderter Kraftaufwand bei der Zerkleinerung des Holzes gewährleistet werden kann.The inventive apparatus for shredding logs has a shredder for shredding the logs, a discharge device for discharging the shredded wood material, and a drive device with a plurality of drive units for driving the shredder and / or the discharge device, wherein a drying device associated with the discharge device is, and the output from the drive device during operation or generated thermal energy of the Drying device for the drying of the crushed wood material can be fed. The invention is characterized in that the knife edges are arranged obliquely with respect to the axis of rotation of the knife rotor at a predetermined angle, and the knife edges are arranged in the axial direction of the knife rotor in series and alternately or mutually in such a way that the angular position of immediately adjacent knife edges is different , Due to the oblique arrangement of the cutting tools relative to the direction of the rotor axis, a cut is possible obliquely to the fiber of the wood, whereby a much reduced effort in the crushing of the wood can be guaranteed.

Darüber hinaus kann nach der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass die Messerschneiden in Umfangsrichtung des Rotors alternierend bzw. wechselweise angeordnet sind.In addition, it can be provided according to the invention that the knife edges are arranged alternately or alternately in the circumferential direction of the rotor.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Vorderansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Fig. 2
eine schematische Draufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Fig. 3 A, B, C
eine schematische Vorder-, Schnitt- und Draufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Fig. 4
eine schematische Schnittansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Fig. 5
eine schematische Perspektivansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nach dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;
Fig. 6A, 6B, 6C
eine schematische Vorder-, Schnitt- und Daraufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
Fig. 7
eine schematische Schnittansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nach dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
Fig. 8
eine schematische Perspektivansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nach dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
Fig. 9
eine schematische Ansicht der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung nach den Ausführungsbeispielen;
Fig. 10
eine Schnittansicht der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung;
Fig. 11
eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren Zerkleinerungseinrichtung nach den Ausführungsbeispielen;
Fig. 12
das Schnittbild eines mit der Erfindung geschnitte nes Holzes;
Fig. 13
eine schematische Schnittansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nach einem weiteren Ausfüh rungsbeispiel; und
Fig. 14
eine vergrößert dargestellte Teilansicht des in Fig. 13 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic front view of the device according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a schematic plan view of the device according to the invention;
Fig. 3 A, B, C
a schematic front, sectional and plan view of the device according to the invention;
Fig. 4
a schematic sectional view of the device according to the invention;
Fig. 5
a schematic perspective view of the device according to the invention according to the first embodiment;
Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C
a schematic front, sectional and top view of the device according to the invention according to a second embodiment;
Fig. 7
a schematic sectional view of the device according to the invention according to the second embodiment;
Fig. 8
a schematic perspective view of the device according to the invention according to the second embodiment;
Fig. 9
a schematic view of the crushing device according to the embodiments;
Fig. 10
a sectional view of the crusher;
Fig. 11
a schematic view of a further crushing device according to the embodiments;
Fig. 12
the sectional view of a nes wood cut with the invention;
Fig. 13
a schematic sectional view of the device according to the invention for a further Ausfüh tion example; and
Fig. 14
an enlarged partial view of the in Fig. 13 illustrated embodiment.

In den Figuren sind bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dargestellt, wobei sich gleiche Bezugsziffern auf gleiche Bestandteile der Erfindung beziehen.In the figures, preferred embodiments of the device according to the invention are shown, wherein the same Reference numerals refer to the same components of the invention.

Die Vorrichtung 1 zur Zerkleinerung von Holzstämmen 8 umfasst eine um eine (senkrecht zur Zeichenebene angeordnete) Drehachse 9A drehangetriebene, mit Spaltmessern 9B versehene Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 für die Zerkleinerung des Holzmaterials 8, eine ein Förderband 16 und eine Förderwalze 2 umfassende Fördereinrichtung für den Transport des zu zerkleinernden Holzmaterials 8 an die Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9, eine um eine (in der zeichenebene angeordnete) Drehachse 3A drehangetriebene Austragungseinrichtung 3 für die Austragung des zerkleinerten Holzmaterials 8A, und eine elektromotorische Antriebseinrichtung 6 für den Antrieb der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9, gegebenenfalls der Fördereinrichtung 2, 16, und der Austragungseinrichtung 3. Die Drehantriebsachse 9A der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 und die Drehantriebsachse 3A der Austragungseinrichtung 3 sind annähernd quer zueinander angeordnet. Bei den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen ist eine Fördereinrichtung 16 für den Transport des zu zerkleinernden Holzstammes 8 an die zerkleinerungseinrichtung vorgesehen, und zwar in Form einer Bandfördereinrichtung 16, über welche der Holzstamm 8 der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 zugeführt wird.The device 1 for shredding logs 8 comprises a commutating device 9 for comminuting the wood material 8, which is rotationally driven about a plane (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) and has a conveyor belt 16 and a conveyor roller 2 for transporting the material comminuting wood material 8 to the crusher 9, a about a (arranged in the plane of rotation) 3A rotationally driven discharge device 3 for discharging the crushed wood material 8A, and an electromotive drive means 6 for driving the crusher 9, optionally the conveyor 2, 16, and the discharge device 3. The rotational drive shaft 9A of the crushing device 9 and the rotational drive axis 3A of the discharge device 3 are arranged approximately transversely to each other. In the illustrated embodiments, a conveyor 16 is provided for the transport of the shredded wood trunk 8 to the shredding device, in the form of a belt conveyor 16, via which the log 8 of the shredder 9 is supplied.

Es ist eine der Austragungseinrichtung 3 zugeordnete Trocknungseinrichtung 10 vorgesehen, wobei die von der Antriebseinrichtung 6 während des Betriebes abgegebene bzw. erzeugte Wärmeenergie der Trocknungseinrichtung 10 für die Trocknung des zerkleinerten Holzmaterials 8A zuführbar ist. Die Antriebseinrichtung 6 besitzt einen Kühlwasserkreislauf 11 mit einem Kühlwassereintritt 10 A und einem Kühlwasseraustritt 10 B zur Kühlung der Antriebsaggregate, wobei die Trocknungseinrichtung 10 einen in dem Kühlwasserkreislauf 11 vorgesehenen Wärmetauscher 10 C aufweist. Die Trocknungseinrichtung 10 bzw. der Wärmetauscher ist in der Form einer nach einer Seite (in den Figuren die obere Seite) offenen Wanne ausgebildet, wobei die Austragungseinrichtung 3 in der Wanne aufgenommen ist oder in der Wanne verläuft.A drying device 10 assigned to the discharge device 3 is provided, wherein the heat energy emitted or generated by the drive device 6 during operation can be fed to the drying device 10 for drying the comminuted wood material 8A. The drive device 6 has a cooling water circuit 11 with a cooling water inlet 10 A and a cooling water outlet 10 B for cooling the drive units, wherein the drying device 10 has a provided in the cooling water circuit 11 heat exchanger 10 C. The drying device 10 or the heat exchanger is in the form of a side to one side (in the figures, the upper side) open trough, wherein the discharge device 3 is received in the tub or runs in the tub.

Bei dem in den Figuren 1 bis 5 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel weist die Austragungseinrichtung 3 eine Schneckenfördereinrichtung auf, und zwar hat die Schneckenfördereinrichtung zwei gegenläufig zueinander drehangetriebene Schneckenwellen 3.1 und 3.2, wobei die beiden Schneckenwellen 3.1 und 3.2 innerhalb der in der Form einer Wanne ausgebildeten Trocknungseinrichtung 10 angeordnet bzw. gelagert sind.In the in the FIGS. 1 to 5 The first embodiment shown, the discharge device 3 to a screw conveyor, namely, the screw conveyor has two opposite rotationally driven worm shafts 3.1 and 3.2, wherein the two screw shafts 3.1 and 3.2 are arranged or stored within the formed in the form of a tub drying device 10.

Bei dem in den Figuren 6 bis 8 dargestellten zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel weist die Austragungseinrichtung 3 eine Bandfördereinrichtung mit einem Förderband 12 auf, wobei wenigstens ein Teil des Förderbandes 12 wiederum innerhalb der in der Form einer Wanne ausgebildeten Trocknungseinrichtung 10 angeordnet ist bzw. verläuft.In the in the FIGS. 6 to 8 In the second exemplary embodiment shown, the discharge device 3 has a belt conveyor device with a conveyor belt 12, wherein at least part of the conveyor belt 12 is again arranged or extends within the drying device 10 which is in the form of a trough.

Die Austragungseinrichtung 3 ist an ein strömungsangetriebenes Auswurfmittel 5 wie insbesondere ein Gebläse 4 angeschlossen, mit welchem das zerkleinerte Holzmaterial 8 vorzugsweise auf eine (nicht näher dargestellten) Ladefläche eines Zugfahrzeuges bzw. Fahrzeuganhängers geworfen wird. Anstelle eines Gebläses 4 kann das Auswurfmittel 5 auch in der Form eines Auswurfbandes 7 ausgebildet sein, wie dies in Figur 1 strichliert dargestellt ist.The discharge device 3 is connected to a flow-driven ejection means 5 such as in particular a blower 4, with which the crushed wood material 8 is preferably thrown onto a (not shown) loading area of a towing vehicle or vehicle trailer. Instead of a blower 4, the ejection means 5 may also be formed in the form of an ejection belt 7, as shown in FIG FIG. 1 is shown in dashed lines.

Die Drehantriebsachse 4A des strömungsangetriebenen Fördermittels 4 ist annähernd quer zur Drehantriebsachse 9A der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9, wobei diese wiederum annähernd quer zur Drehachse 3A der Schneckenwellen angeordnet ist.The rotational drive axis 4A of the flow-driven conveyor 4 is approximately transverse to the rotational drive axis 9A of the crusher 9, which in turn is arranged approximately transversely to the axis of rotation 3A of the screw shafts.

Der Austragungseinrichtung 3 ist eine Sprüheinrichtung 13 zum Besprühen des Holzmaterials 8 mit einem flüssigen oder fluiden Wirkstoff 14 zugeordnet, welche Sprüheinrichtung 13 mehrere über die Länge der Austragungseinrichtung 3 und/oder der Fördereinrichtung verteilt angeordnete Sprühköpfe 15 aufweist, wobei die Sprühköpfe 15 auf das geförderte Holzmaterial 8 wirken. Von Vorteil kann der flüssige oder fluide Wirkstoff 14 temperiert sein, wobei die zur Temperierung erforderliche Wärmeenergie wenigstens teilweise aus der von der Antriebseinrichtung 6 während des Betriebes abgegebenen bzw. erzeugten Wärmeenergie gewonnen und/oder abgezweigt wird. Der Wirkstoff 14 weist ein Mittel zur Verminderung oder Verhinderung der Schimmelbildung des Holzmaterials 8 auf.The discharge device 3 is a spraying device 13 for spraying the wood material 8 with a liquid or fluid Assigned active ingredient 14, which spray 13 has a plurality of distributed over the length of the discharge device 3 and / or the conveyor arranged spray heads 15, wherein the spray heads 15 act on the subsidized wood material 8. Advantageously, the liquid or fluid agent 14 may be tempered, wherein the heat energy required for the temperature control is at least partially recovered and / or branched off from the heat energy emitted or generated by the drive device 6 during operation. The active ingredient 14 has a means for reducing or preventing the mold growth of the wood material 8.

Die Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 1, die Fördereinrichtung 16, die drehangetriebene Austragungseinrichtung 3, die Auswurfmittel 4, 5, sowie die Antriebsaggregate der Antriebseinrichtung 6 sind allesamt auf einem (nicht näher dargestellten) Zug- oder Anhängerfahrzeug angeordnet, wobei die Drehantriebsachse 3A der Austragungseinrichtung annähernd in Fahrtrichtung des Zug- oder Anhängerfahrzeuges angeordnet ist, während die Drehantriebsachse 9A der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung annähernd quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Zug- oder Anhängerfahrzeuges angeordnet ist.The crushing device 1, the conveyor 16, the rotationally driven discharge device 3, the ejection means 4, 5, and the drive units of the drive device 6 are all arranged on a (not shown) train or trailer vehicle, wherein the rotational drive axis 3A of the discharge approximately in the direction of travel Traction or trailer vehicle is arranged, while the rotational drive axis 9A of the crushing device is arranged approximately transversely to the direction of travel of the towing vehicle or trailer.

In den Fig. 9 bis 12 sind Einzelheiten der in allen Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung verwendeten Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 dargestellt. Die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 zum Zerkleinern von Stammholz bzw. Langholz 8 besitzt eine Vielzahl von Hartmetallmessern 30, die am Umfang eines drehangetriebenen Messerrotors 70 angeordnet bzw. ausgebildet sind. Die Messerschneiden 80 der Hartmetallmesser 30 sind gegenüber der Drehachse 90 des Messerrotors 70 unter einem vorbestimmten Winkel schräg angeordnet. Den Messerschneiden 80 des Rotors 70 sind Gegenschneiden 120 eines Gegenmessers 20 zugeordnet, und zwar ist die Winkelstellung der betreffenden Gegenschneide 120 derjenigen der entsprechenden Messerschneide 80 angepasst.In the Fig. 9 to 12 Details of the crusher 9 used in all embodiments of the invention are shown. The shredding device 9 according to the invention for crushing logs or long wood 8 has a plurality of carbide blades 30 which are arranged or formed on the circumference of a rotary-driven knife rotor 70. The knife edges 80 of the hard metal blades 30 are arranged at an angle relative to the axis of rotation 90 of the knife rotor 70 at a predetermined angle. The knife edges 80 of the rotor 70 are associated with counter-cutting edges 120 of a counter-blade 20, and indeed the angular position of the relevant counter-blade 120 is adapted to that of the corresponding blade edge 80.

Der Rotorkörper des Rotors 70 setzt sich aus mehreren Rotorscheiben 130 mit insbesondere zwei unterschiedlichen Scheibendurchmessern zusammen, wobei die Rotorscheiben 130 nebeneinander dergestalt angeordnet sind, dass eine Rotorscheibe 13A mit einem größeren Rotordurchmesser auf eine Rotorscheibe 13B mit einem kleineren Rotordurchmesser folgt. Am Randbereich der mit einem vorbestimmten Abstand voneineinander montierten Rotorscheiben 13A und 13B sind die Hartmetallmesser 30 auf geeignete Weise befestigt, z.B. durch Schraub-, Klemm-, Niet-, Löt- oder sonstige an sich bekannte Verbindungsweise.The rotor body of the rotor 70 is composed of a plurality of rotor disks 130, in particular two different disk diameters, the rotor disks 130 being arranged side by side in such a way that a rotor disk 13A with a larger rotor diameter follows a rotor disk 13B with a smaller rotor diameter. At the periphery of the rotor disks 13A and 13B mounted at a predetermined distance from one another, the hard metal blades 30 are suitably fixed, e.g. by screwing, clamping, riveting, soldering or other known manner of connection.

Bei dem in den Fig. 9 und 10 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sind die Messerschneiden 80 der Hartmetallmesser 30 in axialer Richtung 100 des Rotors in Reihe alternierend bzw. wechselweise dergestalt angeordnet, dass die Winkelstellung unmittelbar benachbarter Messerschneiden 80A und 80B unterschiedlich ist.In the in the FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrated embodiment, the knife edges 80 of the hard metal blades 30 in the axial direction 100 of the rotor in series alternately or alternately arranged such that the angular position of immediately adjacent knife edges 80A and 80B is different.

Bei dem in Fig. 11 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sind die Messerschneiden 80C und 80D der Hartmetallmesser 30 in Umfangsrichtung 110 des Rotors 70 alternierend bzw. wechselweise versetzt über den Umfang verteilt angeordnet.At the in Fig. 11 illustrated embodiment of the invention, the knife edges 80C and 80D of the hard metal blades 30 in the circumferential direction 110 of the rotor 70 are arranged alternately or alternately offset over the circumference.

Durch die schräge Anordnung der Schneidwerkzeuge 80 zu den Rotorscheiben 130 wird ein Schnitt schräg zur Faser des Stammholzes 8 möglich, wodurch der Kraftaufwand vermindert wird. Die jeweilige Gegenschneide 120 ist ebenfalls schräg ausgebildet, um einen exakten Schnitt zu gewährleisten (vgl.
Fig. 12).Due to the oblique arrangement of the cutting tools 80 to the rotor disks 130, a cut obliquely to the fiber of the trunk wood 8 is possible, whereby the effort is reduced. The respective counter-blade 120 is also obliquely formed to ensure an exact cut (see.
Fig. 12 ).

In Fig. 13 und 14 ist ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dargestellt. Die zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 ist vermittels einer in den Figuren 13 und 14 nur schematisch angedeuteten elektrischen Isolation 40 gegenüber der Zuführeinrichtung 2 elektrisch isoliert angeordnet bzw. ausgebildet. Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 durch eine zwischen der Lagerung 31 der zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 und einem Chassis 50 vorgesehene Isolationsmatte oder Isolationsfolie 40 von den anderen Bauteilen der erfindungsgemäßen Holzzerkleinerungsmaschine elektrisch/magnetisch isoliert.In FIGS. 13 and 14 is shown a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention. The crushing device 9 is by means of a in the FIGS. 13 and 14 only schematically indicated electrical insulation 40 relative to the feeder 2 electrically arranged isolated or formed. In the illustrated embodiment, the crushing device 9 is electrically / magnetically isolated by a provided between the storage 31 of the shredder 9 and a chassis 50 insulation mat or insulation film 40 from the other components of the wood shredder according to the invention.

Es ist eine auf die (nicht näher dargestellte) Antriebssteuerung der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 wirkende Detektorschaltung 110 vorgesehen, welche ein von einem elektrisch leitenden oder magnetischen Fremdkörper 17 verursachtes und/oder beeinflusstes elektrisches oder magnetisches Signal detektiert, und als Reaktion hierauf die Antriebssteuerung der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 im Sinne eines selbsttätigen Anhaltens, Abstellens oder Zurückfahrens der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 9 steuert.There is provided on the (not shown) drive control of the crusher 9 acting detector circuit 110 which detects a caused by an electrically conductive or magnetic foreign body 17 and / or influenced electrical or magnetic signal, and in response to the drive control of the crusher 9 in The sense of an automatic stopping, stopping or driving back the crushing device 9 controls.

Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist zwischen der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung 9 und der Zuführeinrichtung 2 eine elektrische Spannung U angelegt. Wird nun ein metallischer Fremdkörper 17 eingezogen und berührt die Zerkleinerungseinheit 9 und ein anderes Bauteil der Holzzerkleinerungsmaschine, so wird der Stromkreis geschlossen und es kann ein elektrisches Signal von der Detektorschaltung 110 erfasst werden. Auf dieses Signal hin wird der Einzug durch die Fördereinrichtung 2 und/oder die Zerkleinerungseinheit 1 unverzüglich angehalten bzw. zurückgefahren, und auf diese Weise Schäden an der Maschine 9 verhindert. Durch einen zwischen die Schneideinrichtung 9 und die Zuführeinrichtung 2 eindringenden Fremdkörper 17 wird somit ein elektrischer Stromfluss durch die Detektorschaltung 110 erfasst und ausgewertet.In the illustrated embodiment, an electrical voltage U is applied between the shredder 9 and the feeder 2. If a metallic foreign body 17 is now drawn in and touches the comminution unit 9 and another component of the wood comminution machine, the circuit is closed and an electrical signal can be detected by the detector circuit 110. In response to this signal, the intake by the conveyor 2 and / or the comminution unit 1 is immediately stopped or retracted, and thus prevents damage to the machine 9. Thus, an electrical current flow through the detector circuit 110 is detected and evaluated by a foreign body 17 penetrating between the cutting device 9 and the feed device 2.

Claims (2)

  1. An apparatus for chopping tree trunks (8), comprising a chopping device (9) which comprises a cutting device with a plurality of knife blades (80) which are arranged or disposed on the circumference of a rotatably driven knife rotor (70), and a discharge device (3) for the discharge of the chopped wood material (8A), and a drive device (6) with several drive units for driving the chopping device (9) and/or the discharge device (3), with a drying device (10) being provided which is associated with the discharge device (3), and the thermal energy emitted or generated by the drive device (6) during operation can be supplied to the drying device (10) for the drying of the chopped wood material (8), characterized in that the knife blades (80) are arranged in an oblique manner under a predetermined angle in relation to the rotational axis (90) of the knife rotor (70), and the knife blades (80) are arranged in series and alternating in the axial direction (100) of the knife rotor (70) in such a way that the angular position of directly adjacent knife blades (80A, 80B; 80C, 80D) is different.
  2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife blades (80C, 80D) are arranged in the circumferential direction (11) of the knife rotor (70) to be offset in an alternating manner by distribution over the circumference.
EP07024928A 2006-12-22 2007-12-21 Apparatus and process for chipping tree trunks Active EP1935595B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006062188A DE102006062188A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Apparatus and method for comminuting wood material

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EP1935595B1 true EP1935595B1 (en) 2010-11-24

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DE202007015665U1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-03-26 Komptech Gmbh Hoe
DE102010050786B3 (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-03-15 Hogha Gmbh Discharge device for a wood chipper
EP3381270B1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2020-08-26 Helmut Längle OG Mulcher
DE102018122716B3 (en) 2018-09-17 2019-12-19 Technische Universität Dresden Conveyor for wood chips and other bulk goods
US11806722B1 (en) * 2022-05-17 2023-11-07 Kurt M. Schie Wood chipper in-feed system

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4126910C1 (en) * 1991-08-14 1992-09-24 Georg Weiss Gmbh, 8201 Schechen, De

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2619741B1 (en) 1987-06-23 1992-09-04 Guidat Gilbert INDUSTRIAL PLANT FOR THE CONTINUOUS FLOW PRODUCTION OF PARCELS OR PARTICLES STABILIZED FROM WOOD WASTE
US5667152A (en) 1995-05-30 1997-09-16 Mooring; Jonathan E. Safety system for a wood chipper
NZ532002A (en) 2004-03-29 2006-11-30 Rodney Warwick Sharp Hogger apparatus with inclined drum having screening apertures on side wall, and drum rotating reducing means
DE202005010025U1 (en) 2005-06-25 2005-10-13 Franke, Hubert Wood chopper has drive provided by diesel engine which in addition to chopper drives drum sieve and ejection fan, whereby waste heat from diesel engine is fed through ventilator and exhaust gas fed to drum sieve

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4126910C1 (en) * 1991-08-14 1992-09-24 Georg Weiss Gmbh, 8201 Schechen, De

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EP1935595A1 (en) 2008-06-25
DE102006062188A1 (en) 2008-06-26
DE502007005747D1 (en) 2011-01-05

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