EP1930281B1 - Dispositif de freinage et rail de guidage d'un ascenseur avec surface de freinage trapézoïdale - Google Patents

Dispositif de freinage et rail de guidage d'un ascenseur avec surface de freinage trapézoïdale Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1930281B1
EP1930281B1 EP20070122255 EP07122255A EP1930281B1 EP 1930281 B1 EP1930281 B1 EP 1930281B1 EP 20070122255 EP20070122255 EP 20070122255 EP 07122255 A EP07122255 A EP 07122255A EP 1930281 B1 EP1930281 B1 EP 1930281B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
braking
region
guide
guide rail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20070122255
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1930281A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Kocher
Josef A. Muff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP06125624A external-priority patent/EP1930280A1/fr
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP20070122255 priority Critical patent/EP1930281B1/fr
Publication of EP1930281A1 publication Critical patent/EP1930281A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1930281B1 publication Critical patent/EP1930281B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/02—Guideways; Guides
    • B66B7/022—Guideways; Guides with a special shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an elevator installation, a guide rail of an elevator installation, a braking apparatus of an elevator installation and a method for guiding, holding and braking an elevator installation according to the preamble of the independent patent claims.
  • An elevator system essentially serves the vertical transport of goods or persons.
  • the elevator installation includes for this purpose an elevator car for receiving the goods or persons, which elevator car can be moved along a guideway.
  • the elevator installation is installed in a building and the elevator car transports goods or persons from and to different floors of this building.
  • the elevator system is installed in a shaft of the building and it contains next to the car suspension means which connect the car with a counterweight. By means of a drive which acts selectively on the support means, directly on the elevator car or on the counterweight, the elevator car is moved.
  • the guideway for guiding the elevator car is often a guide rail, which is fixedly arranged in the building or in the shaft.
  • Such an elevator system is also arranged outside a building, in which case the guideway may be part of a scaffold.
  • Such elevator systems are equipped with brake systems which on the one hand hold the elevator car in a holding position and / or can decelerate and hold the elevator car in the event of a fault.
  • Out EP856485 is a suit system with a rail brake known, comprising a brake body, which acts via braking surfaces on a guide rail.
  • EP1213249 is an elevator system with a braking device is known, in which a holding and braking is achieved by a brake member in a positive Contact is brought to a fixed part. The braking part is pressed with little force to the fixed part.
  • the brake member is granted a defined sliding movement, which allows braking.
  • the braking device requires in particular low brake actuation forces and thus also low brake release forces.
  • the braking device must include a sliding device to allow a slight stop the elevator car in case of deceleration. This requires, especially at higher speeds long slideways and associated braking force defining elements, such as springs. This requires a lot of space and is complex.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a braking device of an elevator system, which can hold a lift cage in an elevator system at a standstill with low actuation forces, but in an emergency is also able to decelerate the elevator car. It should also take up little space.
  • the elevator system includes an elevator car and a brake device for braking and holding the elevator car.
  • the braking device includes a brake pad, which cooperates with a braking surface for the purpose of holding and braking.
  • the invention relates to a guide rail of an elevator installation.
  • the guide rail brakes and holds by means of braking device the elevator car.
  • the guide rail on a brake area as a braking surface for interaction with the braking device.
  • the invention relates to a method for guiding, holding and braking the corresponding elevator installation.
  • the braking surface has at least one longitudinal splined groove or wedge elevation aligned in the braking direction, to which the brake lining acts as required.
  • This L16skeilrille or longitudinal wedges elevation may be a correspondingly wide groove or elevation, or it may be several V-grooves next to each other.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is the fact that the V-groove shape causes a reinforcement of a normal force and thus that at low normal force, a high braking force can be achieved, with a Gleit Weg is still given.
  • the normal force F N is the force that presses the brake pad in case of need to the flat braking surface.
  • the planar braking surface is oriented perpendicularly (90 °) to the normal force F N.
  • This normal force F N causes a braking force F B , which is defined by the coefficient of friction ⁇ between the brake pad and the braking surface.
  • F B F N ⁇ ⁇
  • a friction coefficient ⁇ H is to be used as the friction value ⁇
  • a sliding friction coefficient ⁇ G is used for a relative movement between the braking device and the braking surface.
  • the brake pad on a counterpart to the longitudinal spline or wedge elevation of the braking surface counter-mold A wear of the brake pad can be kept low because wedge surfaces rest on each other or rub. Of course, it is ensured that at a wear of the brake pad can be depressed accordingly.
  • today's braking devices are increasingly used to hold only an elevator car in a floor. This holding force F H results for example from a maximum load difference between the car and counterweight.
  • F NH F H ⁇ cos / ⁇ H
  • F NB F B ⁇ cos / ⁇ G
  • the Gleitreibwert ⁇ G is used.
  • a pressing device for holding and braking the car can be designed according to the wedge angle ⁇ with smaller pressing forces F N. This allows the use of smaller drive or brake ventilation units, which is correspondingly cheaper.
  • the braking device is arranged in the region of the elevator car and the braking surface is integrated in a guide rail, which guide rail also guides the elevator car.
  • at least one braking device is used per guide rail. This is advantageous because it allows the car to be held in a stop immediately. Carrier extensions do not affect a loading or unloading process.
  • Another advantage of this inventive solution is the fact that the brake lining and thus the braking device is guided at the same time by the longitudinal grooves laterally. A derailment of the brake pad and thus a failure of the braking effect is effectively prevented.
  • the guide rail has a guide region for interaction with the guide means and a brake region as a braking surface for interaction with the braking device, wherein the guide region and braking region have different surfaces and the guide region is geometrically separated from the braking region.
  • This design allows an optimal and functional design of the respective areas.
  • the guide rail is a T-shaped guide rail, which has a rail web, and this rail web has both the guide area for interaction with the guide means and the brake area for interacting with the brake device.
  • guide rails in the form of an angle profile or any other shapes.
  • T-shaped guide rails are widely known in elevator construction and their production is easily possible.
  • the guide area is provided in a particularly high quality execution with a lubricant to reduce friction, or it is equipped with a sliding coating, the sliding coating is a profile, preferably a Teflon-containing plastic profile, which is attached for example to the relevant web of the guide rail.
  • nanocomposites for example homogeneously constructed nickel fluoropolymer layers, are also outstandingly suitable as a lubricant layer, since they permit constant sliding properties in conjunction with good chemical and mechanical properties.
  • This implementation enables deployment a guide rail, which meets high comfort requirements.
  • the braking area can be incorporated directly into the basic structure of the brake track.
  • the brake track or the corresponding guide rail is pulled, rolled or machined, for example.
  • the braking region can also be produced by means of a brake profile applied to the basic structure of the guide rail.
  • the braking region may be provided with a friction-influencing agent, for example nanocomposites, or with a surface structure for increasing the friction.
  • the separation between the guide region and the brake region is designed in such a way that the transfer of lubricants, such as oil or other lubricants, from the guide region to the brake region is prevented or reduced.
  • a functional reliability of the braking device is thereby significantly increased because no Reibwertvermindernden substances can easily get into the braking area.
  • the braking device is arranged in the region of a drive machine and the braking surface is in direct connection to a traction sheave or a drive shaft of the drive machine.
  • the braking and holding action of the braking device is transmitted to the elevator car via support and propellant.
  • a holding brake during the drive can be provided inexpensively because a reduced braking force is possible as a result of the wedge effect.
  • the elevator installation 1 consists of an elevator car 3), for receiving goods or persons.
  • the cabin 3 is arranged to be movable along a guideway or guide rails 7.
  • the elevator installation 1 is installed in a shaft 2 of a building.
  • the elevator car 3 is connected by means of carrying and propellant 5 to a counterweight 4.
  • a drive 6 By means of a drive 6), which acts on the support means 5 in the example shown, the car 3 is moved gegentechnisch the counterweight 4.
  • the guide rails 7 for guiding the car, as well as guide rails 8 for guiding the counterweight 4 are fixedly arranged in the building or in the shaft 2.
  • the cabin 3 is guided by means of guide shoes or rollers 9 along the guide rails 7.
  • the elevator car 3 is equipped with braking devices 10 which, on the one hand, hold the elevator car 3 in a holding position and / or can decelerate and hold the elevator car 3 in the event of an error.
  • braking devices 10 are arranged below the car 3.
  • an attachment 10a above the cab 3 possible, or the braking device 10 may be arranged depending on the requirements of the drive 6,10b, the counterweight 4, 10c or a pulley.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a known braking device 10.
  • the braking device has two brake levers 10.1, which are mounted substantially at an axis 13. Die Bremshebel 10.1 Sind an den Bremshebel 10.1 gelagert.
  • brake pads 12 are arranged.
  • the brake levers 10.1 are pressed apart by a spring force F F. Due to the storage of the brake lever 10.1 at the axis 13 front ends of the brake lever 10.1 are pressed with the brake pads 12 according to the lever dimensions with a contact force F N against braking surfaces 11 of the guide rail 7. This results in a resulting frictional force or holding force F H or braking force F B on the braking surface 11.
  • the resulting friction force is equal to the contact force F N multiplied by the number of braking surfaces (in the example shown, two braking surfaces) and a coefficient of friction ⁇ .
  • the coefficient of friction ⁇ corresponds to a static friction value ⁇ H in the holding state and to a sliding friction value ⁇ G in the case of a braking state.
  • the brake levers 10.1 are contracted by means of an actuator force F A at the rear ends, whereby the brake pads 12 are relieved and a braking or holding force is thereby eliminated.
  • Fig. 3 shows a guide rail 7 as it is designed to cooperate with a braking device 10.
  • the guide rail is realized in the form of a T-profile.
  • the guide rail 7 has a rail web 7a, in which the braking surface 11 is incorporated in the form of a longitudinal spline.
  • the longitudinal V-groove is incorporated in the example shown at a front and back of the web 7a.
  • the longitudinal spline has two lateral flanks 7c, which are inclined at an angle ⁇ to the web main surface 7a.
  • the lateral flanks 7c are provided for cooperation with the brake lining 12, which has the equally inclined lateral flanks, or the matching counter-shape.
  • the lateral flanks of the brake lining 12 and / or the lateral flanks 7c of the longitudinal V-groove are at most provided with friction-influencing layers. These may be ceramic layers, it may be a specially roughened surface or nanocomposites may be applied to increase the friction.
  • the brake pad 12 is used for the purpose of braking, for example with a braking device as in Fig. 2 shown pressed with the contact force F N in the longitudinal spline.
  • the wedge base 7b has to brake pad 12 a sufficient clearance to any wear of the lateral Catch flanks.
  • the contact force acts in the vertical direction (90 °) to the web surface 7a.
  • This holding or braking force in turn relates to a braking device 10 with two braking surfaces 11 as in Fig. 1 illustrated in principle, where on both sides of the rail web 7a a braking surface 11 with the corresponding brake pad 12 is present.
  • the direction of action of the braking or holding force results from a movement or Kraftzugraum, which acts on the braking device.
  • Such a longitudinal V-groove has the further advantage that the brake pad 12 is guided laterally. A derailment of the brake pad 12 is prevented.
  • a Lfitskeilrille primarily for the purpose of lateral guidance provided. This could otherwise differently shaped longitudinal grooves, such as a curved groove or it could also be used flat wedge angle in an angle range below 30 °. These grooves also effect according to the above statements, an increase in the resulting braking force.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further guide rail 7 as it may be designed to cooperate with a braking device 10.
  • This guide rail is realized in the form of a T-profile.
  • the guide rail 7 has a rail web 7a, in which the braking surface 11 are incorporated in the form of several parallel longitudinal splines.
  • Such a rail for example, can be easily produced by a drawing process or the L Lucasskeilrillen can as in the Fig. 4 exemplified be incorporated into a base support 11.1, which is inserted as a whole in the rail web 7a.
  • the wedge flanks 7c are arranged according to a wedge angle ⁇ and a brake pad 12 interacts with these V-grooves.
  • the calculation of the holding or braking forces takes place as shown in formulas [1.1, 2.1] and the resulting brake force gain is obtained as in FIG Fig. 5 explained table.
  • This multiple-groove shape has the advantage that the flank surface is significantly increased compared to the previous example, and thereby wear is reduced.
  • the guide rail 7 shown in this example has separate braking areas or braking surfaces 11 and guide areas 14.
  • the braking area 11 serves as already explained for holding or braking the car
  • the guide area 14 serves to guide the car 3 by means of guide shoes or rollers 9 (FIGS. Fig. 1 ).
  • the brake area 11 is separated from the guide area by means of a groove 7d.
  • the guide region 14 may be provided with other sliding resistance or noise reducing measures.
  • a special sliding film or sliding coating 15, for example made of a Teflon-coated plastic profile, be applied or the surface of the guide region 14, for example, may be treated with nanocomposites to reduce friction.
  • Fig. 3 and 4 solutions shown can be combined.
  • the splines may be raised or recessed, or the bridge 7a may be disposed on an arbitrarily shaped guide rail.
  • the solutions shown for the separation of leadership and braking area are arbitrarily applicable.
  • the solutions shown can also be implemented on a counterweight guide rail or on a brake disc of the drive and the production methods of the longitudinal V-grooves are selected by the bridge manufacturer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Installation d'ascenseur avec une cabine d'ascenseur (3) et un dispositif de freinage (10) pour freiner et arrêter la cabine d'ascenseur (3), le dispositif de freinage (10) contenant une garniture de frein (12) qui coopère avec une surface de freinage (11) en vue du freinage et de l'arrêt,
    caractérisée en ce que la surface de freinage (11) présente au moins une rainure cunéiforme longitudinale ou une saillie cunéiforme orientée dans le sens de freinage sur laquelle la garniture de freinage (12) agit au besoin.
  2. Installation d'ascenseur selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la garniture de frein (12) présente une forme opposée adaptée à la rainure cunéiforme longitudinale ou à la saillie cunéiforme de la surface de freinage (11).
  3. Installation d'ascenseur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de freinage (10) est disposé dans la zone de la cabine d'ascenseur (3), et la surface de freinage (11) est intégrée dans un rail de guidage (7), lequel rail de guidage (7) guide la cabine d' ascenseur (3).
  4. Installation d'ascenseur selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le rail de guidage (7) comporte une zone de guidage (14) en vue d'une interaction avec le moyen de guidage, et une zone de freinage comme surface de freinage (11) en vue d'une interaction avec le dispositif de freinage (10), la zone de guidage (14) et la zone de freinage présentant des surfaces différentes et la zone de freinage (14) étant séparée géométriquement de la zone de freinage.
  5. Installation d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que le rail de guidage (7), de préférence un rail de guidage (7) en T, présente une âme de rail et cette âme de rail présente à la fois la zone de guidage (14) pour l'interaction avec le moyen de guidage, et la zone de freinage (11) pour l'interaction avec le dispositif de freinage (10).
  6. Installation d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la zone de guidage (14) est pourvue d'un agent de glissement, par exemple un nanocomposite pour réduire la friction, ou d'un revêtement de glissement (15), le revêtement de glissement (15) consistant en un profilé, de préférence un profilé en matière plastique qui contient un téflon.
  7. Installation d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la zone de freinage (11) est creusée dans la structure de base du rail de guidage (7), ou à titre de variante est usinée par étirage, laminage ou usinage mécanique, et/ou en ce que la zone de freinage (11) est réalisée à l'aide d'un profilé de freinage qui est posé sur la structure de base du rail de guidage (7), et/ou en ce que la zone de freinage (11) est pourvue d'un moyen influençant la friction, par exemple d'un nanocomposite pour augmenter la friction.
  8. Installation d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la séparation entre la zone de guidage (14) et la zone de freinage (11) empêche une transmission d'agent de glissement en particulier de la zone de guidage (14) vers la zone de freinage (11).
  9. Installation d'ascenseur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de freinage (10) est disposé dans la zone d'un moteur d'entraînement (6) et la surface de freinage (11) est reliée directement à une poulie motrice ou à un arbre d'entraînement du moteur (6), l'action de freinage et d'arrêt du dispositif de freinage (10) étant transmise par l'intermédiaire de moyens porteurs et moteurs (5) à la cabine d'ascenseur (3).
  10. Rail de guidage d'une installation d'ascenseur, le rail de guidage (7) présentant une surface de freinage (11) pour l'interaction avec un dispositif de freinage (10),
    caractérisé en ce que la surface de freinage (11) présente au moins une rainure cunéiforme longitudinale ou une saillie cunéiforme orientée dans le sens de freinage sur laquelle le dispositif de freinage (10) agit au besoin.
  11. Dispositif de freinage d'une installation d'ascenseur, pour freiner et arrêter une cabine d'ascenseur (3), le dispositif de freinage (10) comprenant une garniture de frein (12) qui coopère avec une surface de freinage (11) en vue du freinage et de l'arrêt,
    caractérisé en ce que la garniture de frein (12) présente au moins une rainure cunéiforme longitudinale ou une saillie cunéiforme orientée dans le sens de freinage sur laquelle la surface de freinage (11) agit au besoin.
  12. Procédé pour guider, arrêter et freiner une installation d'ascenseur (3) avec une cabine d'ascenseur, la cabine d'ascenseur (3) étant guidée à l'aide de moyens de guidage (9) le long de rails de guidage (7) et étant freinée et arrêtée à l'aide du dispositif de freinage (10), le dispositif de freinage (10) agissant sur le rail de guidage (7) en vue du freinage et de l'arrêt, et le rail de guidage (7) étant pourvu d'une zone de guidage (14) pour l'interaction avec le moyen de guidage, et d'une surface de freinage (11) pour l'interaction avec le dispositif de freinage (10),
    caractérisé en ce que la surface de freinage (11) est pourvue d'au moins une rainure cunéiforme longitudinale ou d'une saillie cunéiforme orientée dans le sens de freinage sur laquelle une garniture de frein (11) agit au besoin.
EP20070122255 2006-12-07 2007-12-04 Dispositif de freinage et rail de guidage d'un ascenseur avec surface de freinage trapézoïdale Not-in-force EP1930281B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20070122255 EP1930281B1 (fr) 2006-12-07 2007-12-04 Dispositif de freinage et rail de guidage d'un ascenseur avec surface de freinage trapézoïdale

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06125624A EP1930280A1 (fr) 2006-12-07 2006-12-07 Dispositif de freinage et rail de guidage d'un ascenseur avec surface de freinage trapézoïdale
EP20070122255 EP1930281B1 (fr) 2006-12-07 2007-12-04 Dispositif de freinage et rail de guidage d'un ascenseur avec surface de freinage trapézoïdale

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1930281A1 EP1930281A1 (fr) 2008-06-11
EP1930281B1 true EP1930281B1 (fr) 2010-02-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20070122255 Not-in-force EP1930281B1 (fr) 2006-12-07 2007-12-04 Dispositif de freinage et rail de guidage d'un ascenseur avec surface de freinage trapézoïdale

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EP (1) EP1930281B1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2763244B2 (ja) * 1993-01-07 1998-06-11 三菱電機株式会社 エレベーター用制動装置
EP0774439A1 (fr) * 1995-11-22 1997-05-21 Inventio Ag Dispositif de guidage
FI105091B (fi) * 1997-01-30 2000-06-15 Kone Corp Johdejarru
ATE443018T1 (de) 2000-12-07 2009-10-15 Inventio Ag Bremseinrichtung für aufzug

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