EP1925892A2 - Pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Pompe à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1925892A2
EP1925892A2 EP07450207A EP07450207A EP1925892A2 EP 1925892 A2 EP1925892 A2 EP 1925892A2 EP 07450207 A EP07450207 A EP 07450207A EP 07450207 A EP07450207 A EP 07450207A EP 1925892 A2 EP1925892 A2 EP 1925892A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat pump
pressure
pressure region
thermal energy
providing electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07450207A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1925892A3 (fr
Inventor
Mario Paul Stojec
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1925892A2 publication Critical patent/EP1925892A2/fr
Publication of EP1925892A3 publication Critical patent/EP1925892A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
    • F25B27/005—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in compression type systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/04—Desuperheaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a heat pump with the features of the preamble of claim 20.
  • a working medium such as a refrigerant
  • mechanical work i. brought to a higher temperature level
  • expanded with release of mechanical work i. brought to a lower temperature level.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a heat pump and a method of the type mentioned are available with which heat pumps can be significantly optimized in terms of performance and space requirements.
  • thermovoltaic element As a device for providing electrical and thermal energy, wherein in the context of the invention, other devices for providing electrical and thermal energy, such. a thermovoltaic element, can find application.
  • the photovoltaic element is thermally coupled to the low pressure region.
  • the heat supplied to the working medium in the low pressure is obtained by cooling the photovoltaic element, wherein the thermal energy of the photovoltaic element for evaporating the working medium, in this case a refrigerant is used.
  • the efficiency is significantly improved by the thermal energy withdrawal at the photovoltaic element. It is particularly advantageous that in this embodiment of the invention, the sun-irradiated area of the photovoltaic element in comparison to the known solar thermal energy can be reduced in the range of 50%, which areas can be optimally planned.
  • the cooling capacity of the heat pump thus serves to cool the photovoltaic element, which thereby achieves a better efficiency, at the same time the photovoltaic element serves as a thermal energy source for the heat pump.
  • the coupling of the photovoltaic element with the low-pressure region of the heat pump can be carried out both directly and indirectly within the scope of the invention.
  • the direct coupling of the photovoltaic element to the circulation of the working medium takes place in such a way that the working medium in the low pressure range is passed directly through the device for providing electrical and thermal energy.
  • a heat exchanger is arranged in the low pressure region, through which the working medium is guided, wherein the heat exchanger is coupled to the device for providing electrical and thermal energy.
  • the photovoltaic element is electrically coupled to the pressure elevation device so that the pressure elevation device is operated with the current generated by the photovoltaic element.
  • the photovoltaic element becomes the thermal and electrical energy source of the heat pump, whereby the system of heat pump and thermally and electrically integrated photovoltaic element without further energy supply, such as. Mains power, can be operated.
  • the invention therefore allows not only significant advantages for commercial use in terms of energy saving, environmentally friendly use of energy and improving the performance of system components, but is also attractive for private use by the optimal land area planning in the sense of halving the previously required area, since the invention Heat pump customizable to customer requirements. All these advantages are of particular importance for the future development of private or commercial energy consumption.
  • Further particularly preferred embodiments have two devices for printing heights, wherein a medium-pressure region is formed between the two devices for printing heights.
  • the two pressure-increasing devices can be two compressors or one compressor and at least one pump.
  • the first compressor being arranged between the low-pressure and medium-pressure regions
  • the second compressor being arranged between the medium-pressure and high-pressure regions.
  • the first compressor is referred to as a medium-pressure compressor and the second compressor as a high-pressure compressor.
  • the feeding of further heat into the medium-pressure region can take place such that excess heat from the high-pressure region is returned to the medium-pressure region (preheating of the working medium).
  • a heat exchanger is arranged in the medium-pressure region, the temperature of the working medium in the high-pressure region can be transmitted to the working medium in the medium-pressure region via this heat exchanger.
  • the heat introduced into the medium pressure range increases the pressure of the working fluid.
  • the reduction in power consumption is essentially proportional to how the pressure in the mid-pressure range increases by the supply of heat. Another benefit of energy recycling is that the excess heat does not have to be released to the environment.
  • temperatures which are between the temperatures in the low-pressure range and the high-pressure range can be fed into the medium-pressure range.
  • This temperature range is designed so that directly into the medium pressure range thermal energy, i. Heat, from devices for providing thermal and optionally electrical energy, e.g. Photovoltaic or thermovoltaic elements, as well as energy from process or waste heat or from a cooling device, e.g. for cooling photovoltaic and / or thermovoltaic elements, can be fed, which continues to save considerable energy costs.
  • the thermal energy can be used directly to increase the pressure of the working fluid in the medium pressure range and thus to reduce the required current ,
  • FIG. 1 a flow diagram of an embodiment of a heat pump according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 a flow diagram of a second embodiment of a heat pump according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 a flow diagram of a third embodiment of a heat pump according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 an embodiment of the heat pump according to the invention in a schematic representation.
  • Fig. 1 is a highly simplified illustrated embodiment of a heat pump according to the invention in a connection to be described with a photovoltaic element 1 as a device for providing thermal and electrical energy shown.
  • a refrigerant is fed as a working medium in the direction of arrow 2 in the circuit.
  • the refrigerant cycle can be divided into two areas: an area in which the refrigerant in the heat pump has a low pressure and a low temperature (hereinafter referred to as a low pressure area) and an area in which the refrigerant has a higher pressure and a higher temperature (hereinafter referred to as high pressure area).
  • the low-pressure region is limited in the flow direction of the refrigerant (arrow 2) by a throttle 3 and a compressor 4, wherein the compressor 4 compresses the refrigerant to the pressures and temperatures prevailing in the high-pressure region.
  • the throttle 3 is in the embodiment shown an expansion valve and controls the volume flow of the refrigerant, which determines the energy conversion of the heat pump.
  • the high pressure area in the flow direction of the refrigerant (arrow 2) is limited by the compressor 4 and the throttle 3, wherein the throttle 3, the refrigerant to the pressures and temperatures prevailing in the low pressure region expanded. Due to the reduction in temperature of the refrigerant obtained at the throttle 3, the refrigeration for cooling consumer appliances can be provided.
  • the photovoltaic element 1 In the low-pressure region, the photovoltaic element 1 is coupled directly to the circuit of the working medium, wherein the refrigerant is passed directly through the photovoltaic element 1 by means of a line 5, which is partially arranged on or in the photovoltaic element 1.
  • the photovoltaic element 1 is cooled by the heat pump, the photovoltaic element 1 is the thermal energy source for the heat pump.
  • a line is considered equivalent to a coherent line system.
  • a heat exchanger 6 In the high-pressure area, a heat exchanger 6 is arranged, can be discharged via the heat to consumer equipment.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a heat pump according to the invention, the division into low pressure and high pressure range of the Fig. 1 corresponds to the division described. Also in this embodiment, a photovoltaic element 1 is thermally and electrically coupled to the heat pump.
  • a heat exchanger 7 is arranged in the low-pressure region, from which a line 8 goes out, which is arranged in regions on or in the photovoltaic element 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of a heat pump according to the invention, their division into low pressure range and high pressure range of the to Fig. 1 and 2 deviates described embodiments.
  • the refrigerant is circulated in the direction of arrow 2, whereby the refrigerant circuit can be subdivided into three areas: the low-pressure area, the high-pressure area and a additional area in which pressure and temperature of the refrigerant between the two aforementioned areas (hereinafter referred to as the medium-pressure area).
  • the low-pressure region is in turn limited in the flow direction of the refrigerant (arrow 2) by the throttle 3 and a first compressor 9, wherein the first compressor 9 (medium-pressure compressor) compresses the refrigerant to the pressures and temperatures prevailing in the medium pressure range.
  • the high pressure area is limited in the flow direction of the refrigerant (arrow 2) by a second compressor 10 and the throttle 3, wherein the second compressor 5 (high pressure compressor) compresses the refrigerant to the pressures and temperatures prevailing in the high pressure region and the throttle 3, the refrigerant to the in the Low pressure range prevailing pressures and temperatures expanded.
  • a compressor 9 or 10 and at least one pump are provided to form the medium-pressure region.
  • first compressor 9 and the second compressor 10 of the medium pressure range are created in which before the second compressor 10 thermal energy can be introduced without changing the cooling capacity in the low pressure range, since the first compressor 9 acts as a pressure barrier, if in the medium-pressure thermal Energy is introduced.
  • thermal energy is introduced into the medium-pressure region, wherein in the context of the invention, other possibilities are conceivable.
  • a heat exchanger 11 is arranged between the first compressor 9 and the second compressor 10.
  • the first compressor 9 Starting from the arranged in the high-pressure region heat exchanger 6, through which the heating power could otherwise be used for example for hot or industrial water treatment, runs a line 12, which opens into the heat exchanger 11.
  • the thus fed into the medium-pressure area (recirculated) heat raises the pressure of the refrigerant in front of the second compressor 10, whereby the torque for Compressing the refrigerant to the pressure prevailing in the high pressure area is smaller.
  • the power consumption of the second compressor 10 is reduced by the portion of the injected energy, with the result that the coefficient of performance and the energy balance of the heat pump is optimized.
  • thermal energy feed into the medium-pressure region is the heat supply from the photovoltaic element 1.
  • This thermal energy supply can e.g. by means of a medium, which was previously used for cooling the photovoltaic element 1, take place (while also the cooling power generated by the heat pump can be used directly for cooling the photovoltaic element 1).
  • a line 8 is provided, which opens into the heat exchanger 11.
  • the temperature range which is fed within the medium-pressure region is designed so that the heat supplied by the photovoltaic element 1 achieves the desired efficiency.
  • connection of the photovoltaic element 1 to the heat pump is best Fig. 4 and will be described below with reference to an embodiment according to Fig. 3 , ie with a medium pressure range explained.
  • the electrical connection of the photovoltaic element 1 with the heat pump in particular the feeding of the current generated by the photovoltaic element 1 to a compressor 4, 9, 10, can also on the in the Fig. 1 and 2 described embodiments take place.
  • the photovoltaic element 1 electrical energy is generated, with which two compressors 9, 10 are operated with wholly or partially solar energy.
  • the resulting solar heat is used as described above directly to increase the pressure of the refrigerant in the medium pressure range of the heat pump.
  • the cooling power generated by the heat pump is introduced directly for cooling the photovoltaic element 1.
  • the electrical power of the photovoltaic element 1 can be significantly increased.
  • the saving of other electrical energy in this heat pump is up to 100% compared to known from the prior art heat pumps, being lowered in the cooling mode by the inventive return of the heating power in the medium pressure range, the electrical energy consumption.
  • the electrical energy of the photovoltaic element 1 is supplied to a DC / DC converter 13 in its direct connection to the heat pump.
  • the photovoltaic element 1 is connected to a frequency converter 14.
  • the energy to be supplied by the photovoltaic element 1 is adjusted to the energy demand of the two compressors 9, 10 that is dependent on the heat pump output.
  • the frequency converter 14 operates the two compressors 9, 10 with variable frequency for controlling the compressor powers.
  • thermovoltaic elements 17 as a device for providing thermal and / or electrical energy.
  • the thermovoltaic elements 17 are arranged in the embodiment shown in the form of thermal generators in the heat exchanger 6, but can also be arranged in other heat exchangers of the heat pump.
  • the electrical energy generated is analogous to the photovoltaic element 1 via a DC / DC converter 13 to the frequency converter 14 and fed to the control system 16 and the device 15 for power measurement of the Energy requirement of the compressor 9, 10 adapted.
  • the heat pump can be switched with the valve 18 each from the heating mode to the cooling mode.
  • a refrigerant is preferably used as the working medium, which exerts as little harmful effect on the environment and in particular on the ozone layer of the earth in case of accidental leakage from the heat pump.
  • Fig. 4 shown components of the heat pump according to the invention, such as the connection to a heat reservoir 19, eg geothermal or groundwater, or the connection to a consumer device, such as a refrigerator, or the connection to the electrical network 20, in known from the prior art manner be executed.
  • a heat reservoir 19 eg geothermal or groundwater
  • a consumer device such as a refrigerator
  • the connection to the electrical network 20 in known from the prior art manner be executed.
  • a heat pump leads a working medium in the circuit and has at least one device 3 for pressure reducing and at least one device 4, 9, 10 for pressure heights and on.
  • the heat pump is electrically and thermally coupled to a device 1, 17 for providing electrical and thermal energy, wherein the device 1, 17 for providing electrical and thermal energy is the electrical and thermal energy source for the heat pump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP07450207A 2006-11-23 2007-11-22 Pompe à chaleur Withdrawn EP1925892A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT19412006A AT504564B1 (de) 2006-11-23 2006-11-23 Wärmepumpe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1925892A2 true EP1925892A2 (fr) 2008-05-28
EP1925892A3 EP1925892A3 (fr) 2011-12-14

Family

ID=39192954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07450207A Withdrawn EP1925892A3 (fr) 2006-11-23 2007-11-22 Pompe à chaleur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1925892A3 (fr)
AT (1) AT504564B1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011048594A3 (fr) * 2009-10-21 2011-06-30 Dzsolar Ltd Système de réglage de la température
CN101424132B (zh) * 2008-11-18 2013-03-20 浙江正理生能科技有限公司 空气源热泵热水器游泳池恒温系统
EP2784400A1 (fr) * 2013-03-25 2014-10-01 Ratiotherm Heizung + Solartechnik GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif d'injection de chaleur depuis un réseau de chaleur
WO2018202604A1 (fr) * 2017-05-05 2018-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de fermentation

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE278095C (fr) *
US3600904A (en) * 1969-05-27 1971-08-24 Emerson Electric Co Control for refrigeration system
DE2834075A1 (de) * 1978-08-03 1980-02-28 Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag Kompressions-waermepumpe
DE4415326C1 (de) * 1994-05-02 1995-06-08 Buse Gase Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kühlen von Gasen und Gasgemischen mit CO¶2¶
JP2003336930A (ja) * 2002-05-23 2003-11-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 太陽光発電ヒートポンプ装置
CN1193200C (zh) * 2002-12-16 2005-03-16 西安交通大学 一种制冷系统用转子压缩－膨胀机
DE10316165B4 (de) * 2003-04-09 2008-03-20 Institut für Luft- und Kältetechnik gGmbH Solare transportable Kompakt-Milchkühleinheit
JP4036864B2 (ja) * 2004-12-27 2008-01-23 三洋電機株式会社 太陽光発電システム

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101424132B (zh) * 2008-11-18 2013-03-20 浙江正理生能科技有限公司 空气源热泵热水器游泳池恒温系统
WO2011048594A3 (fr) * 2009-10-21 2011-06-30 Dzsolar Ltd Système de réglage de la température
JP2013508663A (ja) * 2009-10-21 2013-03-07 ディーズィーソーラー リミテッド 温度制御システム
US9267713B2 (en) 2009-10-21 2016-02-23 Dzsolar Ltd Temperature control system
AU2010309437B2 (en) * 2009-10-21 2016-05-26 Dzsolar Ltd Temperature control system
USRE49075E1 (en) 2009-10-21 2022-05-17 Dzsolar Ltd Temperature control system
EP2784400A1 (fr) * 2013-03-25 2014-10-01 Ratiotherm Heizung + Solartechnik GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif d'injection de chaleur depuis un réseau de chaleur
WO2018202604A1 (fr) * 2017-05-05 2018-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de fermentation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT504564A1 (de) 2008-06-15
AT504564B1 (de) 2008-09-15
EP1925892A3 (fr) 2011-12-14

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