EP1910597B1 - Method for producing a SPACER FABRIC SHAPED TO FIT - Google Patents

Abstract

Spacer fabric that can shaped to fit has permanent rebound properties produced by 1-750 spacer fibers per 2.54 square meters. The spacer fabric is in a permanent form produced by the action of heat. An independent claim is also included for a method for the production of the spacer fabric. Preferred Features: The angle, in which the spacer fibers cross and/or run together, can be varied in the production process. The base surfaces are identical or different. The fabric has a hinge formed by a number of spacer fibers in determined regions of the fabric.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a shape-matched spacer knitted fabric.

Spacer knitted fabrics, which belong to the spacer textiles, have been known for some time and consist of two textile base surfaces connected by spacer threads, which run at a distance from one another. In this case, the spacer threads are integrated into the bases in accordance with the method for forming the textile surfaces.

The bases can be parallel (equidistant) as well as with variable spacing.

When using spacer knitted fabrics, pressure or even self-loading may cause the spacer threads to become kinked and / or tilt the base surfaces parallel to one another, thereby eliminating the distance between them.

Various pamphlets offer different solutions to these problems. For example, the American patent specification describes US 5,385,036 a spacer fabric in which the spacer threads are crossed at up to 45 ° with each other. This makes it difficult to tilt the bases. However, the manufacturing process is only suitable for the production of thin spacer fabrics with a maximum thickness of about 12 mm.

Furthermore, from the German patent DE 100 26 405 A1 Spacer knit known in which the spacer threads form so-called IXI structures. Each spacer thread is thus guided through the base areas and bound into the base areas in such a way that, within a repeat, it describes a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the string IXI. These spacer fabrics are characterized by very good dimensional stability, good compressive rigidity and / or compressive elasticity, excellent load-bearing capacity, exceptional dimensional stability and long-lasting rebound properties.

Moreover, it is known to bring thermoplastic foams into a desired shape by a hot-forming process. The foam parts are brought to soften for example by a warm solid or deliberately injected at certain points hot gas at the desired locations. A possibly warm shape or the mere softening of specially selected locations then makes it possible to permanently bring the foam parts in the desired shape, which is maintained even after cooling.

Such optionally thermoformed foam parts are used inter alia as upholstery elements, for example in the seat upholstery.

The German patent application DE 102 40 462 describes, for example, a vehicle seat which consists of a conventional padding foam substructure and having recesses in the seat or in the backrest. In these recesses, depositors are from a load-bearing, permanently elastic and provided with durable return properties spacer fabric arranged.

The production of such a seat, which can be adapted by precise ergonomically shaped foam parts very well to the various requirements of the user, for example by adapting to the body shape of the user or to a particular shape of the seat is very expensive. In addition, a high level of comfort is achieved thanks to the excellent air circulation ensured by the inserts made of spacer fabrics, since different materials have to be combined with one another. The transitions at which the materials may have to be connected to each other can be perceived as disturbing by the users. For example, the elasticity of a padding in the bonding of materials can be impaired by the formation of a solid or less elastic splice. In addition, the different materials have to be tuned consuming and very precisely, so that, for example, unwanted differences in strength that affect the comfort, not be perceived by the users as unpleasant. Furthermore, it must also be extremely precise fit, so that even with a pressure load no existing or occurring gaps disturb the comfort of the user. The presence of the foam parts is anyway always associated with loss of comfort, since they can not absorb and dissipate the heat and moisture emitted by the body sufficiently. It is not possible in the foam areas sufficient air circulation and thus sweat can not be dissipated. One can, in order to improve air circulation, on optionally thermoformed foam parts, the next take over the task of padding, hang up a thin spacer fabric. However, the body weight compresses the spacer fabric and at least impairs air circulation. Furthermore, it is unfavorable that foam parts, if any, then very difficult to recycle.

Therefore, the German patent specification describes DE 100 13 492 a vehicle seat, in which the different areas of the seat, which are provided with a spacer knitted fabric, are separated only by webs. Height differences in the seat can be achieved by different distances of the top surfaces of the spacer fabric. This type of seat padding makes it possible, at least to some extent, to adapt a padding made of spacer knit fabric to a specific body shape or to a specific seat shape by the use of spacer yarns of different lengths. However, the problems already described, which arise in the production of a padding made of a plurality of materials, continue to exist, since the different regions of spacer fabric are separated from webs in this case as well.

From the US 2003/0033838 A , of the EP 0 692 563 A and the WO 2005/042818 A is the hot deformation of spacer knits known. Furthermore, from the EP 0 103 129 B1 , of the DE 298 16 223 U1 , of the DE 102 01 350 B4 and the DE 20 2004 001 071 U1 the hot forming of spacer fabrics known.

From the DE 102 40 462 A1 is a vehicle seat with a support structure is known, on which a padding substructure is arranged with a recess in which a spacer knitted fabric is received.

From the DD 12 91 55 A a method for thermoforming garments is known in which a first molding station is heated and a subsequent second molding station is cooled.

The invention has for its object to provide an optimal adaptation of a spacer fabric to a desired shape and to the requirements of a user. In particular, the desired shape should be able to be adapted individually to the shape of the body or body part to be worn, to a specific seat shape, to mechanical requirements, to functional functions or ergonomic requirements, so that the greatest possible comfort is ensured.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for producing a shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the method will become apparent from the dependent claims 2 to 10.

In particular, the invention relates to shape-matched spacer fabrics having durable return properties. The preferred embodiments of the invention also relate in particular to spacer fabrics with permanent return properties. Such permanent rebound properties are particularly preferred for many applications and make it possible to use the spacer fabric according to the invention, for example in seating furniture, in particular chairs and armchairs. However, the embodiments always relate to the case in which the spacer knitted fabric is rigid, that is, largely non-deformable. Such rigid spacer fabric are particularly suitable for use in which a dimensionally stable body to be created. Examples of such dimensionally stable bodies are lining elements, for example for seat or chair backs or lumbar supports.

Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention relate to combinations of spacer fabrics with optionally different sized restoring forces on the one hand and dimensionally stable spacer fabrics on the other hand.

For example, it is possible to produce seating with integrated lumbar support in a substantially continuous operation.

Because of their elastic resistance to plastic changes, substantially dimensionally stable spacer fabrics are also referred to below as shape-matched spacer fabrics with permanent return properties.

Further advantages, features and expedient developments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments.

The shape-matched spacer fabrics according to the invention are characterized by permanent return properties and a form which largely corresponds to a desired shape. The permanent return properties are achieved by a certain number of spacer threads per unit area and / or by a special guidance of the spacer threads of the spacer knitted fabric. From a certain number of spacer threads per unit area is already by the mere number of spacer threads ensures that, for example, a kinking of all spacer threads and / or a tilting of the base surfaces are made much more difficult. In addition or as an alternative to this, for example, buckling of the spacer threads and / or tilting of the base surfaces can also be made considerably more difficult by special guidance of the spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties. By Of course, the distance between the two base surfaces is guaranteed by the guidance of the spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties. In this case, the leadership of the spacer threads can be varied within a repeat. For example, the spacer threads may be passed through the bases and bound into the bases so as to describe, within a repeat, a curve in a shape approximated by the characters I, X and V or by strings comprising any combination of these characters. For example, IXI, IVI, VXV, VXI or IXV can be described. A repeat within the meaning of the invention is the part of a spacer knitted fabric, according to which the guide of the spacer threads is repeated in the direction of production or transversely thereto. A buckling of the spacer threads and / or a tilting of the base surfaces can thereby be made much more difficult. Furthermore, in particularly preferred embodiments, the guidance of the spacer threads corresponds to the above-mentioned character sequences and particularly preferably to the string IXI, since, for example, a buckling of the spacer threads and / or a tilting of the base surfaces can be made particularly difficult. Shape-matched spacer fabrics with permanent return properties in the context of the invention are spacer fabrics which can be adapted both to a specific desired shape and to the requirements of the user and have durable return properties. Permanent return properties are present if the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics return to their original desired shape as far as possible after a single or multiple deformation due to an optionally heavy and / or lasting load. In this case, the extent of deformation of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with rebound properties by the leadership of the spacer threads within a repeat and / or the base surface binding, and / or the thread material used, and / or the structure of the base surfaces, and / or the number of spacer threads, and / or the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, and / or the formation of the joints, and / or the arrangement of the joints, can be progressively varied from a largely non-existent deformation to a deformation almost over the entire thickness of the shape-matched Abstandsgewirkes. For example, the thickness of the conformed spacer knit having rebound properties needed to achieve excellent load bearing properties varies between 0.1 and 25 cm.

For example, the thickness may preferably be at least 0.1 cm, more preferably at least 5 cm, and more preferably at least 7 cm.

The upper limit of the thickness may be, for example, at most 25 cm, more preferably at most 15 cm.

For example, the number of spacer threads of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return properties per 2.54 square centimeters that can be used to achieve excellent and durable recovery and load bearing characteristics can be between 1 and 750 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeters.

The number of spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties is for example preferably at least 1 spacer thread per 2.54 square centimeter, more preferably at least 10 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeter.

For example, the upper limit of the number of spacer threads of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return properties is preferably at most 750 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeters, more preferably at most 500 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeter, and even more preferably at most 250 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeter.

The strength determined by DIN 53579, Part 1 (Hardness Test on Prefabricated Parts) can be used to determine the compressive strength of the conformed spacer fabric with durable rebound properties that can be used to ensure excellent load bearing properties and sufficient and comfortable fit of an article to be worn Example, at least 5 N, preferably at least 25 N and more preferably at least 40 N.

The upper limit may be, for example, at most 400 N, preferably at most 350 N, and more preferably at most 300 N.

For example, the conformed spacer fabrics having durable return properties may have an area of at least 10 square centimeters, preferably at least 15 square centimeters, and more preferably at least 20 square centimeters.

In preferred embodiments of the shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties, it is also possible to guide the spacer threads within a repeat and consequently Also, the characters or the string through which the resulting in the leadership of the spacer threads within a repeat curve are approximately described and varied in the direction of manufacture and / or across. These variations make it possible to influence load-bearing properties, dimensional stability, compressive rigidity and / or compressive elasticity, dimensional stability and rebound properties, and to flexibly and conveniently adapt the form-fitting spacer knits with permanent return properties to the requirements of the user. This ensures the highest possible comfort.

The requirements include all the features needed to optimize a user's sense of comfort. For example, a user's requirement may include certain properties in terms of strength, load bearing properties, dimensional stability, compressive stiffness and / or compressive resilience, dimensional stability of the rebound properties, and permissible air circulation, and preferably also moisture, vapor, or liquid discharge. The user desires, for example, to maximize his comfort, an individualized strength, which gives the various parts of the body the respectively required and / or perceived hold, a certain compressive rigidity and / or compressive elasticity, which causes a more or less sinking of various body parts into the body Spacer knitted fabrics with durable rebound properties enable certain load-bearing properties to be ensured, which ensure that a certain load can be absorbed by the knitted spacer fabric with permanent rebound properties, as far as possible without the load being wholly or partially inflated Example of carrying parts is passed, certain return properties that ensure that the spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties after a caused by an optionally heavy and / or long-lasting strain return to their original shape, a certain air permeability, which allows good air circulation, or a specific shape constancy and / or dimensional stability, which ensures that the original shape is retained as far as possible in the event of sustained and / or heavy loads.

In addition, shape-matched spacer fabrics having durable return properties can be subdivided into a plurality of regions differing in terms of load-bearing properties, dimensional stability, compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity, dimensional stability, and rebound properties by varying the guide of the spacer threads in the direction of manufacture or transversely thereto. An area within the meaning of the invention is a part of a thing that differs at least from the other adjacent parts of this thing. These regions may be parts of the form-fitting spacer fabrics having different or the same shape and / or size, preferably having permanent return properties. For example, portions of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return characteristics in which the curve resulting from the guidance of the spacer threads within a repeat, for example, may be approximately described by an I, differ from regions of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return characteristics in that of guiding the spacer threads within a repeat whose resulting Curve, for example, can be approximately described by an X, significantly differ in terms of load-bearing properties, dimensional stability, compressive rigidity and / or compressive elasticity, dimensional stability and rebound properties. The abovementioned properties in the regions of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties, in which the curve resulting from the guidance of the spacer threads within a repeat can be described approximately by an X, for example, are usually better. The aforesaid properties of regions of conformable spacer knitted fabrics having durable rebound properties in which the curve resulting from the guidance of the spacer threads within a repeat can be approximately described by V, for example, are mostly intermediate to the properties of the regions of the form-fitting knitted spacer fabric having durable return characteristics the curve resulting from the guidance of the spacer threads within a repeat, for example, can be approximately described by I and the properties of the regions of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties, in which the curve resulting from the guidance of the spacer threads within a repeat approximates, for example, an X can be described, to classify. By virtue of this preferred division of the shape-matched spacer knits with permanent return properties into different regions which have different strengths and / or shape constants and / or dimensional stability and / or rebound properties, the shape-matched spacer knits with permanent return properties can be flexibly and conveniently adapted to the user's requirement. This ensures the highest possible comfort.

In particularly preferred embodiments of the shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties, each spacer thread of the spacer fabric can be guided through the bases and integrated into the base areas so that within a repeat it describes a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the character string IXI ,

The spacer fabric is permanently brought by heat into a form largely corresponding to a desired shape.

The desired shape of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties is the shape with which the desired - possibly ergonomic - shape of the spacer knitted fabric used to make the patterned knitted spacer fabric with permanent return properties is to be achieved. The desired shape is thus the shape to which the shape of the spacer fabric is to be adapted with permanent return properties. In this case, the desired shape can be adapted individually to the shape of the body or body part to be worn, to a specific seat shape, to mechanical requirements, to a functional function or to ergonomic requirements. For example, it may be necessary to adapt the desired shape to certain mechanical requirements, for example to a stress in certain areas due to a greater load in these areas. This adaptation can be achieved, for example, by not deforming and designing the shape-matched spacer fabrics with permanent return properties in certain areas, that they have particularly good load-bearing properties in these areas, since in these areas, the entire thickness of the spacer fabric is available as a spring travel for load absorption. Conversely, adaptation to a utility function, for example, includes a design that provides increased lateral support when contemplated for use as part of a ride and / or aircraft seat cushion or even as a ride and / or seat cushion. The adaptation to a utility function may also include a design that is particularly useful for the intended use. For example, the desired shape can be adapted to the function of use by ensuring a wedge-shaped shape for a shape-matched spacer fabric intended for use as a seat wedge with durable rebound properties. Furthermore, an adaptation to ergonomic needs is possible, which by shaping an improvement of the interface between the user and the object, for example, the upholstery, ensures and thus guarantees a high. Comfort.

This makes it possible to provide ergonomic and conformal parts, which also have good load-bearing properties, good dimensional stability, good compressive rigidity and / or compressive elasticity, excellent dimensional stability and excellent rebound properties, while also allowing good air circulation.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the spacer knitted fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties, in which each spacer thread of the spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties Curve, which can be approximately described by the string IXI, the entire conformed spacer knitted fabric with durable hopping properties is very well stabilized. The spacer threads therefore form so-called IXI structures due to their special guidance and connection to the base surfaces in this case. In this case, buckling of the spacer threads and / or tilting of the base surfaces is prevented very efficiently by the IXI structure of the spacer threads, even if the length of the spacer threads increases, in order to increase the thickness of the shape-matched spacer knits with lasting rebound properties up to 15 cm. Consequently, the IXI structure of the spacer threads makes it possible, depending on the length of the spacer threads, to produce spacer knits up to 15 cm thick which have good load-bearing properties, good dimensional stability, good compressive and / or compressive resilience, excellent dimensional stability and excellent rebound properties.

The angle at which the spacer threads of the conformed spacer fabric intersect and / or converge with permanent hemming properties can be varied. For example, the angle at which the spacer threads of the conformed spacer knit forming an X intersect with permanent return properties can be changed. Two or more different angles in which the X-forming spacer threads of the conformed spacer fabric intersect with permanent return properties define two or more different regions of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return properties. Furthermore, the individual regions which differ over the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge can differ. of whatever shape and / or size they are. For example, the individual areas may be square or rectangular. As a result, the shape-matched spacer fabrics having durable return characteristics can, for example, be subdivided into at least two regions in which the angles at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge are different.

The angle at which the spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer fabric intersect and / or converge with permanent return properties can be changed as often as desired in the direction of production or transversely thereto. By changing the angle at which the spacer threads of the conformed spacer fabric intersect with permanent hernia properties, the compressive stiffness and / or compressive resilience of the conformed spacer fabric is affected with permanent hopping characteristics.

As a result, it is also possible to modify the strength and / or the dimensional stability and / or the dimensional stability and / or the rebound properties of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties in various areas. By varying the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, the strengths and / or the shape constants and / or the dimensional stabilities and / or the rebound properties of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return characteristics can be flexibly and conveniently adapted to the user's requirement become. This ensures the highest possible comfort.

Each region of the conformable spacer knit having durable return characteristics having an angle different from the other at least at a different area where the spacer threads of the conformed knit fabric intersect and / or converge, also has its own distinct from at least one of the other regions Strength and / or dimensional stability and / or dimensional stability and / or rebound property.

Two or more regions at different angles, in which the spacer threads of the conforming spacer fabric with permanent return properties intersect and / or converge, define two or more different strength regions within a conforming spacer fabric having durable return characteristics.

For example, the narrower or narrower X formed by the spacer threads in an area of the conformed spacer knit having durable rebound properties, the higher and / or better is the strength and / or shape consistency and / or dimensional stability and / or rebound property in that range.

Conversely, the strength and / or the dimensional stability and / or the dimensional stability and / or the rebound property in a region of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties is, of course, lower and / or worse, the wider, for example, one of the spacer threads of the shape-matched Spacer knit fabric with X formed permanent return properties.

As a result of this particularly preferred division of the shape-matched spacer fabrics with permanent return properties into different regions which have different strengths and / or shape constants and / or dimensional stability and / or rebound properties, the shape-matched spacer fabrics with permanent return properties can be flexibly and conveniently adapted to the user's requirement. This ensures the highest possible comfort.

For example, conformable spacer fabrics having durable return properties may include different regions at different angles in which the spacer threads of the conformed spacer fabric intersect and / or converge with permanent return properties, and different strengths that will provide the various body parts with the needed and / or considered comfortable fit ,

Advantageously, it can be ensured by the different areas with different angles in which the spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return characteristics and / or converge, and by different strengths that different body parts depending on the requirements and angle in which the. Spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties intersect and / or converge, individually more or less in the spacer fabric with permanent Retracting properties can sink in, creating a high comfort feeling is generated.

In addition, the two bases of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return characteristics may be identical or different as needed. The bases of the shape-matched spacer knits with permanent return properties may have a different open or closed structure.

For example, the bases of the conformed spacer fabrics having permanent return properties may comprise closed, close-knit textile fabrics or open net-like textile fabrics.

The structure of the footprint of the conformed spacer fabric with durable return properties is its actual nature.

The structure of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return characteristics of a base may vary smoothly between a closed and an open structure. A base area with an open structure in the sense of the invention is accordingly a base area which has openings to a certain extent. These openings can be formed, for example, by large and / or wide stitches or by the formation of a net-like, close-knit textile knit. The openings may be of any shape and / or size.

For example, a net-like close-knit textile fabric can have square, rectangular, triangular, octagonal, round, oval or honeycomb-shaped openings.

The openings, which has one of the bases, can also be of different shape and / or size.

A base area with a closed structure in the sense of the invention is expediently a base area which comprises a textile fabric. Preferably, the textile knit is tight.

The structure of the bases influences the point elasticity. The more open the structure of the base area, the more sinking dormant parts sink into the form-fitting spacer knit fabric with permanent return properties.

An open structure of the base surfaces can thus be distinguished from a more closed structure of the base surfaces by resting on a more open base of a conformable spacer fabric with permanent return properties, more resting parts in the conforming spacer fabric with permanent return properties than similar parts resting on a more closed one Base area of an otherwise same distance knitted fabric with permanent return properties rest. In this case, one of the two base surfaces or both base surfaces in the production direction or transversely to have a different open or closed structure.

Accordingly, it can also be ensured by the structure of the base surfaces of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties that Depending on the requirements, various parts of the body can more or less sink into the spacer knit fabric with lasting rebound properties, creating a high level of comfort.

In addition, regardless of their structure, the bases may be continuous or have interruptions. For example, a footprint may have an interruption to facilitate the formation of a joint. Such joints may be locations where the conformed spacer fabrics with durable rebound properties are particularly easy to bend. Conveniently, the two opposite bases are usually not interrupted at the same point. Accordingly, by varying the structure of the base surfaces and / or by the presence of continuous parts of the base surface and / or interruptions of the base, the division of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties in different areas possible, which may have different point elasticity and / or strength and / or shape constancy ,

The point elasticity and / or strength and / or dimensional stability of the conformed spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties can be achieved by varying the structure of the base areas and / or the patency of the bases in each area in which the structure and / or the patency of the base of one different range, individually, flexibly and conveniently adapted to the requirement of the user to ensure the highest possible comfort.

Furthermore, the surface area bonding of the two base surfaces of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties can also be different. The surface area binding describes the way in which the spacer threads are integrated into the respective base area. Thus, the surface area binding also has an influence on the point elasticity and / or the strength of the shape-matched spacer fabric. Exemplary types of surface area binding are described in German Offenlegungsschrift DE 100 26 405 A1 , to which reference is made in full, described in detail.

The surface area bonding of one of the two base areas or both base areas can be varied in the direction of production or transversely thereto. The variation of the base area binding in turn allows the division of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties in different areas, which may have different point elasticities and / or strengths. Thus, the point elasticity and / or strength of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return characteristics can also be individually, flexibly and conveniently adapted to the user's requirement, also by varying the base area bonding in each area where the base area binding differs from that of another area to ensure the highest possible comfort.

Further, the number of spacer threads of the conformed spacer knit may vary with permanent or in the direction of manufacture or transversely. The variation of the number of spacer threads allows the division of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent rebound properties in different areas, which may have different strengths. Thus, the strength and / or the dimensional stability and / or the dimensional stability and / or the rebound characteristic of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric having durable rebound properties can also be achieved by varying the number of spacer threads in each region in which the number of the spacer threads differs from that of another region , individually, flexibly and comfortably adapted to the requirement of the user to ensure the highest possible comfort.

For example, by reducing the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter, in certain areas of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return characteristics, at least one hinge can be formed in the conformed spacer fabrics having durable recovery characteristics. These joints are the places of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, where the spacer knits with permanent return properties bend and bend particularly well. Reducing the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter, in a particular area of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return properties will result in a decrease in strength and / or stability and / or dimensional stability in that area allowing for simplified bending and kinking becomes. The joints can therefore be reduced to zero by a number of, in comparison to the directly adjacent regions of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties Spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter in a certain area of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties are formed. The formation of the joints can also be varied, for example, by decreasing the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter, to form a joint to a particular different set value and / or reducing the number of spacer threads progressively or in one or more stages. In this case, the joints can be arranged arbitrarily in the direction of production of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties or transversely thereto.

For example, the hinges can be used so that the shape-matched spacer knits with permanent return properties adapt better to the moving parts of the support surface. For example, in the case of an upholstery of an adjustable seat, at least in part, by conformed spacer fabrics having durable rebound properties, it may be desirable for the conformed spacer fabrics having durable rebound properties to have various hinges that allow the conformed spacer fabrics having durable rebound properties, precisely along the mechanical joints for adjustment the seat can be used, folded and / or bent comfortably.

Furthermore, it is by reducing the number in particular of the number of spacer threads per square centimeter of the spacer threads in certain areas of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent For example, it is also possible to facilitate the cutting of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties in these areas, since the number of spacer threads reduces the number of spacer threads per square centimeter in certain areas of the shape-matched spacer knit fabric durable Rücksprungeigenschäften the stability and / or strength and / or dimensional stability is reduced in these areas of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties.

In addition, if the contouring and in particular the cutting takes place in the region of joints, the delineation of the spacer threads and / or monofilaments severed during the contouring or of one of the base areas is minimized, since the number of potentially separable or surface-releasable spacer threads and / or or monofilaments in these areas is reduced.

On the other hand, however, the joints can also be used, for example, to change the shape of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties quickly and easily. For example, hinges may facilitate folding or curling of the conformable spacer fabric having durable hemming properties to allow stowage of the conformed spacer fabric having durable hemming properties to save space in a confined space or to obtain a smaller, increased thickness by folding from a large spacer fabric having durable hernia characteristics , An interruption of one of the base surfaces in the region of a joint further simplifies the bending and / or buckling, since by the .Interruption of the base area, the stability and / or strength and / or the dimensional stability is reduced in the region of the joint.

In order to facilitate the deformation of the spacer knitted fabric having durable rebound properties in the production of the conformed knitted fabric having durable recovery properties, the number of the spacer yarns, in particular the number of the spacer yarns per square centimeter, for example, can be progressively up to the locations and / or the locations that are deformed, be reduced to zero. By the optionally progressive reduction of the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter up to the points and / or at the points which are deformed down to zero, the strength and / or the stability of the spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties can be achieved Manufacture of the form-fitting spacer knit can be used with lasting rebound properties, targeted to be reduced at the points that are deformed. The deformation is thereby simplified because, for example, a lower pressure must be exerted on the points to be deformed. In addition, because of the possibly progressive reduction of the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter to the points and / or at the locations that are deformed, a particularly high dimensional stability can be ensured even at the deformed points, as well as the return properties an optionally progressive decrease in the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter, can be reduced.

Furthermore, the thread material of the conformed spacer fabric may be varied with permanent hemming properties in the direction of manufacture or across. The thread material according to the invention in this case comprises the material which can be used in thread form, but preferably also for example as a monofilament, for the production of the base surfaces and / or the spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties. Different thread materials can also be used to produce the base surfaces and the spacer threads. In the variation of the thread material, the thread material per se and / or the thickness of the thread material can be varied. As thread materials are, for example, cotton, wool, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethersulfones, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, E-glass, AR-glass or C-fiber coated or uncoated, in question. These may be yarns, mono- or multifilaments, which can be combined with each other as desired. A coating which may be present may be, for example, an antibacterial, a moisture-absorbing, a functional or a hydrophobic coating. However, the thread material itself may also have, for example, antibacterial, moisture-absorbing, functional or hydrophobic properties.

An antibacterial suture or antibacterial coating may include, for example, cyclodextrins, triclosan, chitosan, silver ions, silver particles, or quaternary ammonium compounds. Hydrophobic suture materials or coatings may include, for example, fluorinated hydrocarbons.

Moisture-absorbing thread materials or coatings may include, for example, polyacrylic acid or other polymers or polymer blends which can absorb water and optionally form hydrogels. Moisture absorbent materials may alternatively be inserted and / or incorporated into an existing conforming spacer fabric having permanent rebound properties as an alternative to their use, to absorb moisture within the conformed spacer fabric having permanent rebound properties, and thus, for example, the comfort of a sweaty user rests on a form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent rebound properties, increase.

For example, functional thread materials or coatings may include functional compounds and / or molecules that may be reactive with certain other compounds and / or molecules. For example, through functional thread materials or through functional coatings comprising compounds and / or molecules that selectively react with water, for example, the humidity within the entire conformed spacer fabric can be determined to have durable rebound properties. In particular embodiments of the invention, functional thread materials or coatings may also include, for example, odor control molecules such as cyclodextrins.

Furthermore, both the thickness and the nature of the thread material affect the strength, the rebound properties, the load-bearing properties, the dimensional stability, the Pressure rigidity and / or compressive elasticity and the dimensional stability of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties. Thus, all of the aforementioned properties of the conformed spacer knit having durable rebound properties can be individually, flexibly, and conveniently accommodated by varying the nature or thickness of the suture material in each region where the nature or thickness of the suture material differs from that of another region the user can be adjusted to ensure the highest level of comfort.

Moreover, the thread material of the conformed spacer fabric may be a thermoplastic thread material. Such a thermoplastic thread material is particularly well suited for the production of shape-matched spacer fabrics with durable return properties, since it initially softens under the influence of heat and can be deformed in the softened state so that it no longer assumes its original shape after cooling. Through the use of thermoplastic thread materials, a particularly high dimensional stability or dimensional stability of the shape-matched spacer knits can be ensured with thereby variable permanent return properties.

A conformable spacer fabric of the present invention having durable rebound properties may comprise a single-ply or multi-ply knit fabric having durable rebound properties.

A multi-ply spacer fabric having durable return properties may, in particularly preferred embodiments of the invention, be multiple connected, for example, stitched, quilted, glued or in another way, for example, by buttons, slings, press studs, rice or Velcro fasteners or joints interconnected, single-layer spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties include.

A multi-layered conforming spacer fabric of the invention having durable rebound properties may include a plurality of equally long and / or like joints, that is, regions having randomly returnable properties as compared to the directly adjacent regions of the conformed spacer fabric, optionally reduced to zero number of spacer threads per square centimeter Sections include those that are folded over each other. When folding a distance knitted fabric with permanent return properties, which for example includes three 2 m long sections separated by joints ensteht a 2 m long three-ply spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, which can be brought by heat permanently in a desired shape largely corresponding form. The length of the joints corresponds to at least the height of the spacer fabric with permanent return properties. In addition, the individual layers can either remain connected via the joints or separated at the joints and sewn together, quilted, glued or connected in another way, for example by buttons, slings, push buttons, rice or Velcro fasteners. If the multi-layered form-matched spacer fabrics according to the invention with permanent return properties have areas which have and / or used different properties, in particular, for example different thicknesses, guides of the spacer threads within a repeat and / or base surface bindings Thread materials, and / or structures of the base surfaces, and / or a different number of spacer threads per unit area, and / or a different angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, and / or a different design of the joints, and / or Arrangement of the joints and / or different strengths, rebound properties, load-bearing properties, dimensional stability, compressive stiffnesses and / or compressive elasticities, in whole or in parts may comprise, so these are preferably arranged in two consecutive sections in reverse order. Furthermore, successive sections connected via joints are arranged after folding in the opposite direction of production to each other. This largely prevents the spacer threads from buckling in the direction of production, which can occur in two layers arranged in the direction of production, and the return properties and / or the dimensional stability and / or the dimensional stability and / or the load-bearing properties and / or the point elasticity and / or the compressive elasticity the multi-layered form-fitted spacer knitted fabric with durable return properties further improved.

In this case, a multi-ply spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties comprises, for example, at least two, preferably at least between 2 and 50, more preferably 2 and 12 and most preferably at least between 2 and 6 interconnected single-ply knitted spacer fabrics with permanent return properties. In this case, the interconnected single-ply spacer knitted fabric can be at the same and / or at opposite and / or at any angle, in particular a 90 degree angle, staggered arrangement can be used. The single-ply knitted fabric having durable recovery properties can be bonded together, for example, by selective exposure to heat, which allows for local and limited fusion of the knitted fabric having durable recovery characteristics.

• die Dicke
• die Führung der Abstandsfäden innerhalb eines Rapportes
• die Grundflächenbindung,
• das verwendete Fadenmaterial,
• die Struktur der Grundflächen,
• die Anzahl der Abstandsfäden insbesondere der Anzahl der Abstandsfäden pro Quadratzentimeter ,
• den Winkel, in dem sich die Abstandsfäden kreuzen und/oder zusammenlaufen,
• die Ausbildung der Gelenke und
• die Anordnung der Gelenke.

The interconnected single-ply spacer fabrics having durable return characteristics may be different in whole or in part with respect to one or more of the following features:

• the fat
• the guidance of the spacer threads within a repeat
• the surface bonding,
• the thread material used,
• the structure of the bases,
• the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter,
• the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge,
• the training of the joints and
• the arrangement of the joints.

Such a form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return properties, which comprises a plurality of single-ply spacer knits with permanent return properties, in terms of thickness, the leadership of the spacer threads within a repeat and / or the base surface binding and / or the thread material used, and / or the structure of the Base areas and / or the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter and / or the angle at which the Crossing spacer threads and / or converging and / or differentiating the formation of the joint, and / or the arrangement of the joints, in whole or in part, allows vertical variation of strength, rebound properties, load bearing properties, dimensional stability, compressive stiffness and / or to ensure compressive resilience and dimensional stability over part or all of the thickness of the conformed spacer fabric having durable recovery properties.

In addition, all of the aforementioned properties can also be varied within a layer which corresponds to a single-ply spacer fabric with permanent return properties, thanks to the means described above.

Accordingly, all of the aforementioned properties of the conformed spacer fabric having durable recovery properties can be achieved by using different single ply knit fabrics having durable return properties in each vertical region that conforms to a single ply knit fabric having durable return properties, which differs from another vertical fabric covered with another single ply knitted fabric Return characteristics differs, individually, flexibly and comfortably to the requirements of the user, in particular to desired return properties and / or load-bearing properties and / or to a point elasticity and / or strength and / or dimensional stability and / or dimensional stability, the compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity, adapted to ensure the highest possible comfort.

Because of the various embodiments of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties just described by way of example, various possible variations can be achieved.

The properties of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties can be varied horizontally both in the direction of manufacture and across, as well as vertically, by including the base surface weave and / or yarn material used and / or the structure of the base surface and / or the number of spacer threads, in particular Number of spacer threads per square centimeter and / or the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, and / or modified the formation of the joints and / or the arrangement of the joints, in whole or in part of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties.

The areas which differ by certain properties may be of any shape and / or size. The shape and size of the different areas can be the same or different. From these varied variations it follows that the shape-matched spacer fabrics according to the invention with permanent return properties can be individually, comfortably and flexibly adapted to the requirements of the user to ensure the highest possible comfort.

For example, for each part of the body of the user which rests on a form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, individually by the various possibilities of variation, an area can be created whose aforementioned properties to the are adapted to be worn body part, so as to optimize the comfort. The excellent air circulation in the form-fitting spacer knits with durable return characteristics makes it possible to increase the comfort once more.

In addition, a conformed spacer fabric of the present invention having durable rebound properties may include at least one sensor. A sensor according to the invention is a device for measuring at least one specific physical quantity.

The sensors can be mounted within the conforming spacer fabric with permanent rebound properties or inserted as a probe from the outside into the conforming spacer fabric with durable rebound properties.

The sensors can also be designed as a functional thread material or as a functional coating of the thread material. In the first case, each functional thread of the thread material is a sensor which is part of the shape-matched spacer knit having durable return characteristics. For example, such a functional thread material could comprise metallic filaments that serve as a thermocouple and have been incorporated into the conformable spacer fabric having durable rebound properties during manufacture and / or further processing. In the latter case, at least one volume area at least in one base area and / or the spacer thread area consists of a large number of sensors that are part of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties.

For example, the sensors may trigger various visual or auditory alarms according to the user's needs, provide additional ventilation via at least one fan, or activate at least one pump to pump any detected fluid out of the conformable spacer fabric having durable rebound properties.

The sensors make it possible, for example, to determine the temperature, the humidity or the concentration of a specific substance in the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties. In this case, a plurality of sensors can also be used to carry out measurements of the abovementioned and / or other physical variables, optionally independently of one another, in different zones of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties. The zones of conformable spacer fabrics having durable return properties are any shape and size parts of the conformed spacer fabric having durable return characteristics in which measurements of at least one physical size are made by at least one sensor. The number of zones is not limited. The measurement within a zone can be done by one or more sensors, which determines one or more physical quantities.

The sensor (s) may also be connected to a data processing unit which also compares the data transmitted by the sensor (s) with setpoints at certain intervals. The setpoint (s) and the distance in which the of the Sensor (s) transmitted values with the or the setpoint (s) are compared, can / can be easily and conveniently changed, for example, by changing the programming of the data processing unit. If a deviation of the measured value or of the measured values from the setpoint value or values is determined, the data processing unit initiates an action, for example the activation of at least one signal lamp and / or at least one signal horn and / or at least one heating element and / or at least one motor of a fan with or without heating and / or cooling element or Wärmezu- or -abfuhr or a pump. In this case, it is possible to freely define both the extent of the deviation from which an action is possibly carried out by the data processing unit and the type of action. Furthermore, the extent of the action may be varied depending on the detected extent of the deviation of the measured value or the measured values from the desired value or the desired values. The extent of the action possibly triggered by the data processing unit can be increased or decreased in steps or continuously as the deviation increases or decreases. For example, the volume of the signal horn generated by the horn and / or the luminosity of the signal lamp and / or the power of a heating element and / or the speed of the motor of a fan and / or a pump can be increased or decreased, if necessary, by the data processing unit deviations decrease or decrease. In addition, the data measured by the sensor or sensors may optionally be stored in the data processing unit or otherwise in order to track the variation of one or more values in a given time interval, and optionally triggering a specific action in a particular course of increase or decrease in the measured value or values.

For example, the temperature within the conformed spacer fabric having permanent rebound properties may be measured by at least one sensor in at least one zone. The sensor (s) may also be wirelessly connected to a data processing unit, for example, which compares the data transmitted by the sensor (s) at certain programmed intervals with likewise programmed setpoint values. If a deviation of the measured value (s) from the set point (s) is detected, the data processing unit performs an action, for example the activation of at least one motor of a cooling or heating power fan and / or the activation of a heating element. By using this fan or these fans and / or heating element (s) and / or cooling element (s) s, the measured temperature values can be adjusted to the set point (s) again. If appropriate, the action of the data processing unit can only take place if a deviation of the measured temperature values from the set point (s) by a specific limit value is determined, for example by at least 3 ° C. For example, the fan can be operated at a low speed at a deviation of 3 ° C downwards, which can be increased in steps or continuously, for example, based on the determined deviation of the measured temperature values to the set point (s), if the Deviation increases and in stages or can be continuously reduced again, if the deviation decreases.

The sensors may, for example, trigger various visual or auditory alarms according to the user's needs, add additional ventilation via at least one fan, activate a heating element or pump to pump any detected fluid out of the conformable spacer fabric with durable rebound properties.

The presence of a liquid within the conformable spacer fabric having durable recovery properties can be detected, for example, by measuring the moisture within the conformed spacer fabric having durable recovery characteristics. In this case, the moisture within the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties is measured by at least one sensor in at least one zone. The sensor (s) may also be wirelessly connected to a data processing unit, for example, which compares the data transmitted by the sensor (s) at certain programmed intervals with likewise programmed setpoint values. If a deviation of the measured values from the setpoint values is detected, the data processing unit performs an action, for example the activation of at least one motor of a pump. The appearance of a liquid within the conformed spacer fabric having durable recovery characteristics results in a sudden, possibly abrupt increase in measured moisture within the conformed spacer fabric having durable recovery characteristics. In order to deal with, for example, when urinating, Leakage of a liquid associated increase in moisture can be differentiated from, for example, caused by sweating increase in humidity and to cause either the activation of a fan or a pump, the data measured by the sensor (s), for example, with respect to moisture, if necessary in the data processing unit or otherwise cached to trigger a specific action in a particular course of increase or decrease in the measured values. For example, in the event of an abrupt or at least steep increase in the measured humidity, the motor of a pump can be activated since it can be assumed that a liquid has run into the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties. In contrast, with a slower and more progressive increase in measured humidity, the motor of a fan may be activated, since the observed increase in humidity is likely due to user sweating and insufficient moisture drainage.

The sensors may also analyze the chemical composition of the air or liquid and thereby discriminate in the presence of a fluid in the conforming spacer fabric with permanent rebound properties, for example, between blood, urine and sweat, and alert the user accordingly to, for example, a user to alert you to possible blood loss or to activate a pump that pumps out the urine.

In this preferred embodiment, it is particularly advantageous to be able to determine the presence and / or concentration of blood-specific substances, such as hemoglobin and / or urine-specifically occurring substances, such as urea, by specific means.

The method for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties comprises the manufacture, according to which at least one spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties is heated and brought into a form which corresponds as far as possible to a desired shape. In this case, the spacer fabric used with permanent rebound properties can have a number of spacer threads between 1 and 750 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeter, preferably between 10 and 500 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeter and particularly preferably between 1 and 250 per 2.54 square centimeter. In addition, or alternatively, in the spacer fabric used with permanent return properties, each spacer thread can thus be guided through the base areas and integrated into the base areas such that it describes within a repeat a curve in a shape which is approximated by the symbols I, X or V, or by the strings IXI, IVI, VXV, VXI or IXV.

In a particular embodiment of the method for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties, the method comprises guiding each spacer thread through the bases and integrating them into the bases so as to describe, within a repeat, a curve in a shape approximated by String IXI can be described, heated and brought into a form largely corresponding to a desired shape.

The heating softens the spacer fabric used to make the fabric with permanent recovery properties. The heating may for example be between 25 and 700 ° C, preferably between 30 and 400 ° C and more preferably between 150 and 250 ° C at a duration for example of between 0.001 and 36000 seconds, preferably between 0.001 and 3600 seconds, more preferably between 0.001 and 900 seconds.

For this purpose, it is advantageously heated in parts or as a whole approximately to the softening point of the thread material. The softening point is reached when the spacer knitted fabrics used for producing the shape-matched spacer knits with permanent return properties with permanent return properties can be deformed in the softened state so that they no longer independently assume their initial shape after cooling.

The method of making the conformable spacer fabric having durable recovery properties provides for easy adjustment of the spacer fabric used to make the conformable spacer fabric having durable recovery properties with durable return properties to a particular seat shape or to the ergonomic requirements of an application and / or user.

For example, any part made of a spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties can be one Padding can be adapted to the shape of a resting surface or, if appropriate, ergonomically adapted to the shape of the body part to be worn, thanks to the method for producing the shape-matched spacer knitwear with permanent return properties.

The spacer knits with permanent return properties can be deformed at specific points to produce the form-fitting knitted spacer fabric with permanent return properties by a specific heating. The heating can take place punctually or comprehensively in different areas. The areas that are heated may be of different shape or size. Due to the very flexible punctiform or in certain areas comprehensive deformation can produce an extremely large number of different shapes, which can therefore be adapted to almost any situation individually extremely well.

In order that the spacer knitted fabrics used for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics having permanent return properties with permanent return properties after heating and softening are also brought into the desired shape, they are deformed in a shape that largely corresponds to the desired shape. In this case, the spacer knitted fabrics used and produced for the production of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties can be guided for example between at least two molded parts and subsequently deformed by the compression of the molded pieces. In this case, the desired shape largely corresponding form may also consist of several parts, which are merged manually or mechanically. The Use of a shape that largely corresponds to the desired shape is a convenient way of accomplishing the deformation of the spacer knitted fabric used to produce the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties with permanent return properties, since only a negative image of the desired shape is required.

By using one of the desired shape largely corresponding form, for example, a progressive deformation is avoided by a point or area-wide heating at different locations to achieve a predetermined shape.

The desired shape can be achieved by using one of the desired shape largely corresponding form usually in one or a few heating steps.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the spacer knitted fabrics used for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties with permanent return properties can alternatively be heated by at least one heat carrier which is located at least partially in the mold or between the moldings.

For the purposes of the invention, a heat transfer medium is the substance or device which transfers the heat generated by a heating element to the spacer knitted fabric used to produce the conformed knitted fabric with permanent return properties with permanent return properties. The heat carrier may also be the heating element itself. The heat transfer medium can be liquid, gaseous or solid.

For example, the solid heat transfer medium used in the process for producing the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties can also comprise a form that largely corresponds to the desired shape. In this case, the parts of a nominal shape largely corresponding form are heated.

In this case, the spacer fabrics with permanent return properties used for the production of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties are, for example, guided between at least two molded parts and then first deformed by the compression of the molded parts and then heated to the softening point.

In this case, the desired shape largely corresponding heat carrier can also consist of several parts, which are merged manually or mechanically. Thanks to the use of one of the desired shape largely corresponding heat carrier, for example, a progressive deformation by a point or area-wide heating at different locations to achieve a predetermined shape is superfluous.

The desired shape can be achieved by using one of the desired shape largely corresponding heat carrier mostly in a heating step. One of the desired shape largely corresponding heat transfer medium also makes it possible to make the device for producing form-matched spacer fabrics with permanent return characteristics as simple as possible. An adaptation of the heat carrier to a desired shape largely corresponding form is unnecessary. It is also a Shape deviation compared to the desired shape minimized, which can occur if the adaptation of the heat carrier to the shape corresponding to the desired shape is not optimal.

Furthermore, at least one further heat transfer medium can be used in the process for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties in addition to at least one solid heat transfer medium, which largely corresponds to a desired shape. This further heat carrier can be a solid, a liquid or a gaseous heat carrier. A liquid or gas may be employed in addition to at least one solid heat carrier to rapidly and conveniently heat the entire spacer fabric having permanent recovery properties used to make the conformed spacer fabric having permanent hemming properties to the softening point, as those used to make the patterned spacer fabric Retractable properties used with durable return properties for gases and liquids are very permeable. However, it is also possible to use a further solid heat carrier, which is introduced, for example, from outside into a mold and / or which is fixedly mounted in a molded part. The shape of the further heat transfer medium is designed so that it supports the heat transfer medium, which largely corresponds to a desired shape, to achieve the desired shape. The size and shape of the heat transfer medium can be varied as desired.

The further or the further heat carrier also serve to enable the production of very complex desired shapes and to come as close as possible to an ideal target shape. This allows the comfort through more complex ergonomic molded form-fitting spacer knit fabric with lasting return properties can be further optimized.

Further, in the process of making the conformed spacer fabrics having permanent rebound properties, portions of the spacer fabrics having permanent recovery properties used to make the conformed spacer fabric having durable recovery properties can not be deformed. In this case, the non-deformation can be used specifically to improve the load bearing in certain areas of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, since in non-deformed areas, the entire thickness of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties for load absorption is available. This ensures, for example, that body parts resting on a contoured spacer fabric having durable return properties can be supported at the desired locations by the entire thickness of the conformed spacer fabric with durable hopping characteristics, which optimizes comfort.

Furthermore, in the method for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties of the desired shape largely corresponding heat carrier is selectively heated or cooled in certain different and / or equal areas.

In this case, the desired shape largely corresponding shape or the desired shape largely corresponding heat transfer medium also consist of several parts, which are merged manually or mechanically.

One of the desired shape largely corresponding shape is also cooled selectively or in certain different and / or equal areas. Pointing means doing so at one or more different points.

By the above measures, it is ensured by means of cooling that the deformation takes place only at the desired locations.

By way of example, if only a certain narrow area is to be deformed, the heat transfer medium which largely corresponds to the desired shape can be heated in this area and cooled directly next to it. This also makes it possible to tailor the production of the complex desired shapes, which further improves the comfort achievable by ergonomically shaped, shaped spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties.

In order to improve the utilization of the apparatuses used to carry out the process of making the conformed spacer fabrics having durable recovery properties, the process may be extended by an additional step using the spacer fabrics having permanent recovery properties used to make the conformed spacer fabrics having durable recovery characteristics preheated to near the softening point before being finally heated to the softening point.

Preferably, the preheating takes place in a dedicated device. As in the process for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with For example, in order for the spacer fabrics used to fabricate the conformable spacer fabrics having permanent hopped properties to be heated to the softening point of the suture, the device can not be used during the time required to reach the softening point.

By preheating approximately to the softening point of the thread material in a dedicated device, the time to reach the softening point in the device can be greatly reduced. Thus, of course, the utilization of the device improves, and the method for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties can be carried out particularly time-saving.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method for producing the conformed spacer fabric having durable recovery properties, the conformed spacer fabrics are cooled with durable recovery properties after fabrication. The cooling can be done by a liquid, gaseous or solid material. In particular, the cooling may be by a cold surface, a cold liquid, a cold gas, cold air or a mixture of these agents.

By way of example, the cooling of the shape-adapted spacer fabrics, which preferably have permanent elastic properties, after their production can be effected by immersion in water. This allows the use of a cold liquid, a cold gas, cold air or a Mixture thereof for cooling the shape-matched spacer knit fabric a particularly quick and convenient cooling of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties after its production.

One reason for this is that the conformed spacer fabrics with permanent hopping properties are very permeable to gases and liquids.

The shape-adapted spacer fabrics according to the invention with permanent return properties can include, for example, for producing a padding, including foam, in particular hot or cold foam polyurethane, polyether foam, latex and / or other solid and / or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances, preferably foams and / or other solid or resilient, optionally viscoelastic substances having a density between RG 5 and RG 150 and more preferably between RG 30 and RG 150 can be used. The wide range of possible variations of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties make it possible to adapt them to the foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient viscoelastic substances as well as to the padding surface of the padding.

A shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties, which comprises at least one part of foam and / or other optionally viscoelastic or resilient or resilient materials, allows a particularly simple production since parts of foam material (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials convenient in any shape, especially in shapes that have rounded curves with tight radii can be cut out. This makes it possible for complex, for example, curves in particular rounding with narrow radii having shapes to reduce the number of necessary edgebanding spacers with durable return properties as possible, as a spacer fabric contoured with permanent return properties which to achieve a complex, for example, curves contoured shape and then can be trimmed by a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances, which can be used without compromising comfort and trimming be replaced.

In addition, a shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties, which comprises at least one part of foam and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials, a vertical variation of the strength and possibly in particular a vertically graded strength of the padding resulting from the combination. It is also possible to use at least one shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties, which comprises several parts of foam and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. Of course, a part of foam and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials which comprise the conforming spacer fabric (s) of the present invention having permanent rebound properties may also include a plurality of different foams and / or several others fixed or comprise resilient, optionally viscoelastic substances.

In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials comprising the conformable spacer fabric (s) of the present invention having permanent rebound properties may include air conditioning ducts exhibit. These air ducts allow for better air circulation within the upholstery, and in particular within the foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances, which optionally have any shape and size. For example, the air conditioning ducts may comprise horizontally or vertically through the foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials extending cylindrical channels, grooves or cuts, in particular S-shaped cuts.

In addition, both the foam (s) and the other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials which comprise the conformable spacer fabric (s) having permanent rebound properties according to the invention may comprise a plurality of distinct regions have different properties and in particular different strengths or compression hardness. Strength and compression hardness are used synonymously here. Each of these areas can be of any shape and size. The strength of each area differs at least from the strength of an adjacent area. In addition, you can different areas include the same or different materials.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, for example, the strength of the counterpart multi-layered spacer fabric (s) having permanent return properties, optionally having multiple regions of different strengths, of a conformed spacer fabric of the invention having durable return properties, comprising at least one distinct region and, in particular Areas with different strength exhibiting part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient, optionally viscoelastic materials, comprising, where the strength of gegenbenenfalls multi-layer part of Abstandsgewirk (s), which optionally has multiple areas with different strengths of the invention Shape-matched spacer knitwear with durable hopping properties as previously described varies horizontally with the strength of the various strength components oak of the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. As a result, if necessary perceived as unpleasant differences in strength can be reduced.

In addition, multi-layered shape-matched spacer fabrics according to the invention with permanent return properties may also comprise at least one part of foam material (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials having different strength ranges. This results in additional possibilities, the strength horizontal and especially vertically even better to adapt to the needs of a user.

In this case, the division of the (if necessary) multilayer part (s) of spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties, which optionally have a plurality of regions with different properties, in particular different strengths, of the shape-matched spacer fabric (s) according to the invention having permanent return properties different areas with different properties, in particular a different strength with the division of / the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials match. Thus, any portion of the part (s) of foaming material (s) and / or other optionally viscoelastic substances may be passed through a corresponding area of the multi-layered part (s) of spacer fabric (s) having permanent rebound properties optionally have a plurality of regions with different strengths / have, of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric (s) according to the invention are supported with permanent return properties in their function, which may be particularly uncomfortable strength differences can be reduced particularly effective.

In addition, the division of the / may be multi-layered part / parts of spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties, which / may optionally several areas with different strengths / have, of / the invention shape-matched spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties into different areas with different strengths from the division of the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials differ. As a result, the strength can be adapted in a particularly convenient and comprehensive manner to the requirements of a user, since areas with possibly different properties overlap due to a different design of the areas with different strengths. Due to the combination of two or more different or identical strength ranges occurring with the overlap with the same or different properties, a separate new strength ranges is thereby formed with new and possibly different properties from all other strength ranges. This results in a variety of ways to adapt the strength particularly accurately and extensively to the requirements of a user.

In particular, the wide range of vertical and horizontal variations afforded by at least two spacer knitted fabrics having durable return properties, optionally formed in different parts and formed into a conformable knitted spacer fabric, allow easy and fast adaptation of the strength, for example, to the strength of the fabric Foam parts or parts of other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials to avoid unwanted and disturbing strength differences between different materials.

In addition, an accurate fit joining the gegenbenenfalls multi-ply parts of spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties, which may have multiple areas with different strengths of the form-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties with the parts of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally facilitated viscoelastic substances, since the gegenbendenfalls multi-layer parts of spacer knit (s) with permanent return properties, which may have multiple areas with different strengths, the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties can be adapted to any desired shapes. This is particularly desirable when the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials themselves have been deformed (eg thermoformed) for conformance. In this case, the multi-layer part (s) of spacer fabric (s) having permanent return properties may optionally have / have multiple regions of different strengths, of the conforming spacer fabric (s) having durable return properties in a conformed to the shape of the part / parts of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances Sollform to fit accurately and, for example, without unpleasant fold folding, which in the cover of a In the form of adapted parts made of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient, optionally viscoelastic materials with non-conforming spacer fabrics, hang up on these parts. In addition, it is possible the shape of the shape-matched spacer fabrics according to the invention with permanent rebound properties, which one or more, if necessary multi-layer parts of spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties, which optionally have several areas with different strengths, and at least one part of foam (s) and / / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances, to some extent conform to a nominal shape without deforming the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. This makes it possible to perform the deformation and in particular the hot deformation particularly efficient and time-saving, since spacer knitted fabric with permanent rebound properties due to their high permeability to gauze especially air and liquids especially water very fast and comfortable and definitely faster and more convenient than parts of foam (en ) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances can be cooled and used or further processed.

For example, in a padding comprising one or more conformable spacer knit fabrics having durable rebound properties comprising at least a portion of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic fabrics, a comfort-enhancing seating or reclining couch may be provided be formed by the use of one or more conformable spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties, without the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or deformable optionally viscoelastic substances to deform.

Furthermore, the use of conformable spacer fabrics having durable return properties allows to keep the foam part (s) and / or the part (s) of other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials as small as possible, since these are no longer suitable for adaptation Example of padding needed to a desired shape. The area fraction of such parts on a padded surface is, for example, less than 20%, preferably less than 15%, and most preferably less than 10% when using the shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties. In addition, these parts are preferably arranged on the edge of the padded surface and / or in less stressed areas. As a result, the known problems that occur in the production of upholstery made of different materials can be largely avoided.

Further, a conforming spacer fabric of the present invention may also comprise one or more portions of foam (s) and / or other optionally viscoelastic solid or resilient materials which will be wholly or partially enclosed by spacer knits having elastic recovery properties Such part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient materials may optionally be covered by viscoelastic material on one or both sides of knitted fabrics having durable return characteristics.

The part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials and the spacer fabric (s) having durable rebound properties may be stitched, quilted, adhered or otherwise bonded together, for example become.

In addition, at least one part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials may also be wholly or partly enclosed by one or more spacer fabrics with permanent recovery properties by hot working. For example, a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials can be enclosed on both sides by hot-forming by approximately twice as large folded or two approximately as wide spacer fabric with permanent return properties. The edges of the spacer fabric (s) having durable return properties can be thermally bonded together in the manufacture of the conformed spacer fabric having durable rebound properties comprising at least a portion of foam (s) and / or other optional or resilient viscoelastic fabrics , Optionally, for example, when encapsulating the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other optionally viscoelastic substances, one or more spacer fabrics may be intermingled by one or more spacer fabrics with permanent recovery properties by hot working the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances and the / Spacer knit (s) with permanent rebound properties. In addition, the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other optionally resilient or viscoelastic fabrics and spacer fabric (s) having durable return properties may, for example, still be sewn, quilted, bonded or otherwise Kind of being linked together. When stitching, quilting or other type of connection by means of threads, the pattern used for sewing, quilting or connecting by means of threads, for example, smaller and / or larger rectangular and / or round and / or ellipsoidal and / or other geometric patterns may affect the return properties and strength or the load-bearing properties. As a result, the shape-matched spacer fabrics according to the invention can be further and particularly extensively adapted to the needs of a user, since sewing, quilting or other type of connection by means of threads depending on the / the pattern used can arise areas that their return properties and strengths or differentiate the load bearing properties.

Furthermore, each individual conforming Abstansgewirk with permanent return properties, which comprises at least one spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties and at least one part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances, for example between 10 mm and 1700 mm, preferably 80 mm and 540 mm, more preferably between 120 mm and 360 mm and most preferably between 140 mm and 300 mm thick.

The thickness and the configuration of each form-fitting spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties and / or each of the parts of foam material (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials may for example be between 10 mm and 1700 mm, preferably 80 mm and 540 mm, more preferably between 120 mm and 360 mm and most preferably between 140 mm and 300 mm.

In addition, the shape-matched optionally multi-ply spacer knits of the invention having permanent rebound properties and those comprising a combination of at least one conformable spacer knit fabric having durable rebound properties with at least a portion of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic fabrics may also each comprise a removable and optionally Zippered cover made of natural and / or synthetic fibers.

In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the sheath may comprise an optionally abrasion resistant spacer fabric, and in particular a spacer fabric or spacer fabric.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the envelope may comprise a plurality of parts, which may then be connected to one another by connecting elements such as buttons, pushbuttons, hook and loop fasteners.

Thus, in the contouring of / for the production of the invention form-fitting spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties or a padding, which is a combination of at least one shape-matched spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties and at least one part of foam (s) and / or The number of spacer threads may, for example, progressively, or in one or more stages up to the points and / or, in some or other stages up to the points and / or monofilaments not stinging, scratching or impairing a user in any other way or reduced to zero at the points where the cut is made.

The contouring itself is done by cutting, sawing, blasting, punching or combinations thereof and / or related processes usually after the production and / or finishing, for example, and often allows only the user-friendly use. For example, the contouring with fixed, expanding and / or oscillating blade or sawing systems and / or other controllable by a potentiometer or frequency jet (especially water, air or gas jet method) or ultrasonic method Here, the contouring at room temperature and / or be carried out at elevated and / or reduced temperature and / or even in the icing state. In addition, the contouring can also be carried out at atmospheric pressure and / or negative pressure and / or overpressure.

Additionally or alternatively, the edge region of the cut-to-length cut-off knitted fabric (s) of the present invention may be durable Reclaim properties or upholstery comprising a combination of at least one conformable spacer fabric (s) having durable rebound properties and at least a portion of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic fabrics are also trimmed with a protective tape. A protective tape in the sense of the present invention can be any tape which largely prevents a penetration of the separated or detached from a base spacer threads and / or monofilaments to the user. In particular, the protective tape may comprise a film, a laminate or a textile tape which is preferably air and moisture impermeable.

In this case, the edge region of the cut-to-length conformed spacer fabric (s) having permanent return properties or upholstery used may comprise a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric (s) having permanent rebound properties and at least a portion of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials, for example, sewn off with a single-layer or multi-ply band of a close-meshed textile, taped, quilted, connected by the action of heat or otherwise. A tight mesh fabric tape can be used to protect a user from the impairments caused by spacer threads and / or monofilaments being severed in the margins of trimmed spacer fabrics or loosened by a base by forming a close-knit ribbon of textile covering the entire edge region the cut-to-size Abstandsgewirke and thus also covers the separated or detached from one of the base surfaces spacer threads, prevents leakage of the separated or detached from one of the base surfaces spacer threads. In this case, the band of a close-meshed textile prevents the separated or detached from a base spacer threads can penetrate to the user, since they can not penetrate the tape of a close-meshed textile. A close-meshed textile in the sense of the invention can be any textile which, due to a sufficient number of stitches per square centimeter, largely prevents a penetration of the separated or detached from a base spacer threads to the user. The number of stitches needed per square centimeter depends on the properties of the spacer fabric (s) used and can vary with the thread thickness, the number of spacer threads per square centimeter, the thickness of the spacer knit, the thread material used and the structure of the bases. For example, in a particular embodiment of the present conformable spacer fabric of the present invention having durable rebound properties, a polyester microfibre fabric tape can be used to sew the edge portion of the tailored form-fitting spacer fabric (s) having durable return properties or padding, which is a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric of the present invention (s) having durable rebound properties and at least part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances.

In addition, the protective tape ensures with increasing thickness and / or increasing number of layers a further improved protection against by disconnected or detached from one of the base surfaces spacer threads outgoing impairments.

In a protective tape made of a close-meshed textile, an increase in the thickness of the band of a close-meshed textile is preferably achieved by the use of a multi-ply tape of a textile, since an increase in the thickness of the thread with which the band of a close-meshed textile, although also to increase the Thickness of the textile leads, but with a smaller number of stitches per unit area and a greater gap between two threads of the textile is accompanied. For example, in a multi-layered protective tape, the different layers may differ in terms of the materials used or the properties. In the case of a multi-layered textile protective tape, the various textiles forming the multi-ply tape may differ in terms of the material used for manufacture, thread thickness, number of stitches per unit area and orientation of stitches for the best possible protection to separate or to ensure detached from one of the base surfaces spacer threads. By a different orientation of the stitches of the various layers of a multi-ply tape made of a textile this becomes even more impenetrable for the separated or detached from one of the base surfaces spacer threads.

The width of the protective tape may be, for example, between 2 and 1800 mm, preferably between 12 and 1000 mm, more preferably between 40 and 500 mm and most preferably between 50 and 200 mm.

In particular, a U-shaped trimming may be used in which the protective tape, such as U lying on a leg, with its legs on the top and bottom of the contoured spacer fabric (s) of the invention with permanent return properties or the contoured padding, which rests on a combination of at least one shape-adapted spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties and at least one part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. The two legs of the U may be the same or different lengths and the same or different lengths on the top and bottom of the shape-matched spacer fabric (s) according to the invention having permanent return properties or the contoured padding comprising a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric (s ) with permanent rebound properties and at least part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient viscoelastic substances where applicable. A U-shaped trimming is particularly easy to make because a portion of the protective tape is sufficient to cover both sides of the spacer fabric. As a result, the edging can be done very efficiently just time-saving and with the least possible effort.

In addition, the side of the protective tape used for trimming in a special embodiment of the invention can be the side of the form-fitting spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties facing the entire surface or partially with silicone or a fluorine-containing material, in particular with a Are fluoropolymer coated or also over the entire surface or partially have a different coating, which reduces the surface energy and / or optionally leads to an effect comparable to the lotus effect. In this case, the coated surface can be adapted in each case to the length of the separated or detached from a base spacer yarns and / or monofilaments and / or the height of the form-matched spacer knitted fabric (s) with permanent return properties. By the coating (s) the ends of the separated or detached from a base spacer threads and / or monofilaments slip on meeting with the protective tape from this without penetrating it and the protection against the detached from one of the base surfaces or spacer threads and / or Monofilamente outgoing impairments is further improved because penetration of the protective tape is difficult.

When the contour of the conformable spacer fabric (s) of the invention having permanent rebound properties or contoured padding, which is a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric (s) having permanent rebound properties and at least one portion of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient If necessary, when the protective tape is glued to the spacer fabric, it may happen that the adhesive bond between spacer fabric and protective tape sections , if sometimes only on very small distances, by the folding is impossible.

This may reduce the degree of adhesion of the protective tape. To prevent this, the protective tape may in certain embodiments of the invention alternately on its two longitudinal sides, laterally opposite each other but offset from one another, have incisions which at an angle of between 1 to 90 °, preferably 10 ° and 80 °, more preferably 20 ° and 70 ° are arranged to the longitudinal axis of the protective tape. The length of the incisions may vary and, like the width of the protective tape, depends in particular on the overall height of the optionally multi-layered form-matched spacer fabric (s) having permanent return properties or the contoured padding comprising a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric (s) according to the invention permanent rebound properties and at least part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. The incision depth and the angle of the incisions to the longitudinal axis of the protective tape can be varied as desired and adapted to the contour. The incisions ensure that the folding of the protective tape in the areas in which the form-fitting spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties or the contoured padding according to the invention, a combination of at least one shape-adapted spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties and at least one Part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials comprises, has narrow radii, reduced or prevented. This makes it possible even with tight radii, an extremely good connection of the protective tape to the form-fitting spacer fabric (s) according to the invention permanent rebound properties or the contoured padding comprising a combination of at least one conformable spacer fabric (s) having durable rebound properties and at least a portion of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic fabrics, to ensure tight part radii of the protective tape can overlap thanks to the incisions.

Description of the drawings:

The Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 are schematic representations of exemplary embodiments of the structures of the bases.

Fig. 1 shows a textile fabric with an open structure, which can serve as a base. The usable as a base textile fabric is not interrupted in this case and has honeycomb-shaped openings.

Fig. 2 also shows a textile fabric with an open structure, which can serve as a base. The usable as a base textile fabric is not interrupted in this case and has mostly almost elliptical openings. Wavy webs extend between these openings and are connected by four threads before and after each opening.

Both textile knitted fabric allow in the case of their use as bases a certain sinking, for example, a resting on the surface body part. This can possibly contribute to the optimization of comfort.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of a section of a shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties. The dark areas are parts of the underlying ground surface, which are visible through a multitude of interruptions in the overhead ground area. The bases are different. The overhead base has an open and net-like structure with different sized square openings. The underlying base is designed throughout and has a closed structure largely without openings. In addition, the spacer fabric may also have a plurality of joints that facilitate bending and / or buckling. In addition, the interruptions in the overhead surface still facilitate bending and / or buckling along the joints. Such a configuration, in which one of the two base surfaces has interruptions, makes it possible, for example, to change the dimensional stability of the spacer fabric specifically in the areas of the interruptions, and also allows easy curling of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties.

The Fig. 4 to 7 provide exemplary parallel to the manufacturing direction possible cross sections of in Fig. 3 shown section of a form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties.

In Fig. 4 For example, a guide of the spacer threads is shown, in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is guided through the base surfaces and integrated into the base surfaces so that it describes within a repeat a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the sign V.

In Figure 5 For example, a guide of the spacer threads is shown in which each spacer thread of the spacer knitted fabric is guided through the base areas and integrated into the base areas so that within a repeat it describes a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the symbol I.

In Figure 6 For example, a guide of the spacer threads is shown, in which each spacer thread of the spacer knitted fabric is guided through the base areas and integrated into the base areas in such a way that it describes within a repeat a curve in a shape that can be approximately described by the character string IXI. In this case, the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric having durable rebound properties also has a plurality of joints in the direction of manufacture. In the area of the joints, the number of spacer threads is reduced to zero. Such a configuration of the spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties makes it possible, for example, to modify the dimensional stability and the strength of the shape-matched spacer knit fabric with permanent return properties in the areas of the joints in a targeted manner, and also enables the form-fitting knitted spacer knit fabric to be easily rolled up with lasting return properties.

In Figure 7 For example, a guide of the spacer threads is shown, in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is guided through the bases and so incorporated into the bases that within a repeat describes a curve in a shape that can be approximately described by the character X. In this case, that indicates shape-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties also in the direction of manufacture a variety of joints on. In the area of the joints, the number of spacer threads has been reduced to zero.

The Fig. 8 to 10 FIG. 4 schematically illustrates exemplary corner views of the conformed spacer fabric having durable hemming features having two base surfaces with a closed structure.

Fig. 8 FIG. 12 illustrates a corner view of a spacer fabric in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is passed through the bases and incorporated into the bases so as to describe within a repeat both in the direction of manufacture and across a curve in a shape approximated by the string IXI can be described. The angle of the intersecting spacer threads in the direction of manufacture and across is different.

Fig. 9 FIG. 12 illustrates a corner view of a spacer fabric in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is passed through the bases and bonded to the bases so as to describe, within a repeat, both in the direction of manufacture a curve in a shape approximated by the character string IXI transverse to the direction of manufacture however, can be described by the character I.

Fig. 10 represents a corner view of a spacer knit fabric in which each spacer thread of the spacer knitted fabric is guided through the bases and so integrated into the base surfaces, that he within a repeat while in

Manufacturing direction describes a curve in a shape that can be approximately described by the character X, but can be described transversely to the manufacturing direction by the character I.

Examples:

1. 1) In a particular embodiment of the conformed spacer fabric of the present invention having durable rebound properties, a spacer fabric of between 0 and 50 mm thick having durable return properties comprising polyester yarns having a thickness of between 0.15 and 0.25 mm at 8 to 18 courses per cm and a guide the spacer threads within a repeat describing a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the character string IXI, the spacer threads crossing at an angle between 30 and 60 °, by hot deformation to the shape of the seat and the backrest be adapted to a specially shaped bucket seat. The number of spacer threads, which results from the number of courses per centimeter, can be varied in 5 areas by 5 areas with different properties and in particular different compression hardnesses of 40 N ± 10 N at about 38 spacer threads per square centimeter, 60 N ± 10 N at about 47 pitch threads per square centimeter, 90 N ± 10 N at about 57 pitch threads per square centimeter, and 200 N ± 10 N at about 85 pitch threads per square centimeter. Although 2 of the areas have the same compression hardness or the same number of spacer threads, each region differs in terms of the number of spacer threads per square centimeter from at least one adjacent region. However, the thickness of the spacer threads and the angle at which the spacer threads intersect may also be alternatively or alternatively additionally varied to obtain different regions having different properties, in particular different compression strengths. In addition, the form-fitting spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties as a shell can comprise, for example, a suitable woven, knitted or knitted fabric. The sheath may also comprise a combination of identical or different parts, which by sewing, stitching, gluing or otherwise, for example by rice or Velcro closures or by snaps with each other edge to edge, over the entire surface, selectively or in areas of 10 square centimeters to 1000 square centimeters with each other can be connected.
2. 2) In a further particular embodiment of the conformed spacer fabrics of the invention having permanent rebound properties, from 1 to 4 spacer fabrics having 1.5 to 5.5 cm thickness with durable return properties may be used, which polyester threads have a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm at 8 to 18 courses per cm and a guide of the spacer threads within a repeat, which describes a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the string IXI, wherein the spacer threads are at an angle between 30 and 60 ° cross, have, with each other with a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, selectively or glued to the edge and by hot deformation in the form of a rectangular pad in which the middle part is thicker than the edge, are brought. The number of spacer threads, which results from the number of courses per centimeter, can be varied in 5 areas by 5 areas with different properties and in particular different compression hardnesses of 40 N ± 10 N at about 38 spacer threads per square centimeter, 60 N ± 10 N at about 47 pitch threads per square centimeter, 90 N ± 10 N at about 57 pitch threads per square centimeter and 200 N ± 10 N at about 85 pitch threads per square centimeter. Although two of the regions have the same compression hardness or the same number of spacer threads per square centimeter, each region differs in at least one adjacent region with respect to the number of spacer threads per square centimeter. However, the thickness of the spacer threads and the angle at which the spacer threads intersect may also be alternatively or alternatively additionally varied to obtain different regions having different properties, in particular different compression strengths. In addition, the form-fitting spacer fabric according to the invention with durable return properties as a shell can comprise, for example, a suitable matching woven fabric, knitted fabric or knitted fabric. The sheath may also comprise a combination of identical or different parts, which by sewing, stitching, gluing or otherwise, for example by rice or Velcro closures or by snaps together edge-to-edge, full-surface, can be connected to each other selectively or in areas of 10 square centimeters to 1000 square centimeters.
3. 3) In a further particular embodiment of the shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties 1 to 4 between 1.5 and 5.5 cm thick spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, which polyester threads with a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm at 8 bis 18 courses per cm and a guide of the spacer threads within a repeat, which describes a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the string IXI, wherein the spacer threads intersect at an angle between 30 and 60 °, with each other Hot melt adhesive over the entire surface, selectively or glued on the edge and on a part of foam also with a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, selectively or glued on the edge and by hot forming into the shape of a rectangular cushion, in which the middle part thicker than that Edge is to be brought. Alternatively, the spacer fabrics having durable rebound properties prior to hot working may also be adhered to both sides of the foam member. The number of spacer threads, which results from the number of courses per centimeter, can be varied in 5 areas by 5 areas with different properties and in particular different compression hardnesses of 40 N ± 10 N at about 38 spacer threads per square centimeter, 60 N ± 10 N at about 47 pitch threads per square centimeter, 90 N ± 10 N at to obtain about 57 pitch threads per square centimeter and 200 N ± 10 N at about 85 pitch threads per square centimeter. Although two of the regions have the same compression hardness or the same number of spacer threads per square centimeter, each region differs in at least one adjacent region with respect to the number of spacer threads per square centimeter. However, the thickness of the spacer threads and the angle at which the spacer threads intersect may also be alternatively or alternatively additionally varied to obtain different regions having different properties, in particular different compression strengths. In addition, the form-fitting spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties as a shell can comprise, for example, a suitable woven, knitted or knitted fabric. The sheath may also comprise a combination of identical or different parts, which by sewing, stitching, gluing or otherwise, for example by rice or Velcro closures or by snaps with each other edge to edge, over the entire surface, selectively or in areas of 10 square centimeters to 1000 square centimeters with each other can be connected.
4. 4) In a further particular embodiment of the shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent rebound properties 1 to 4 between 1.5 and 5.5 cm thick spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, which polyester threads with a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm at 8 bis 18 courses per cm and a guide of the spacer threads within a repeat, the one Describing curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the string IXI, wherein the spacer threads intersect at an angle between 30 and 60 °, with each other with a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, selectively or glued at the edge and with a As a frame designed part made of foam also with a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, selectively or glued to the edge and by hot deformation in the form of an ellipsoidal upholstery, in which the middle part is thicker than the edge, brought. The part made of foam which is designed as a frame makes it possible that the contouring does not have to be made precisely, since the part made of foam, which is designed as a frame, compensates for any manufacturing tolerances or other inaccuracies in which it may be slightly more or slightly less compressed. In addition, the contouring is preferably carried out so that the contoured part is a little too large and the part of foam which is designed as a frame is slightly compressed. As a result, the user can to a certain extent also be affected by the part made of foam, which is designed as a frame, before the impairments which are interrupted by the contouring required to achieve the ellipsoidal shape and / or by a spacer thread and / or monofilament which are released from one of the base surfaces be protected without trimming, since the compressed part of foam, which is designed as a frame, partly over the edge region of the spacer knits sets and thus a penetration of the separated and / or detached from one of the base surfaces spacer threads and / or monofilaments to the user as far as possible prevented. The number of spacer threads, which results from the number of courses per centimeter, can be varied in 5 areas by 5 areas with different properties and in particular different compression hardnesses of 40 N ± 10 N at about 38 spacer threads per square centimeter, 60 N ± 10 N at about 47 pitch threads per square centimeter, 90 N ± 10 N at about 57 pitch threads per square centimeter, and 200 N ± 10 N at about 85 pitch threads per square centimeter. Although two of the regions have the same compression hardness or the same number of spacer threads per square centimeter, each region differs in at least one adjacent region with respect to the number of spacer threads per square centimeter. However, the thickness of the spacer threads and the angle at which the spacer threads intersect may also be alternatively or alternatively additionally varied to obtain different regions having different properties, in particular different compression strengths. In addition, the form-fitting spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties as a shell can comprise, for example, a suitable woven, knitted or knitted fabric. The sheath may also comprise a combination of identical or different parts, which by sewing, stitching, gluing or otherwise, for example by rice or Velcro closures or by snaps with each other edge to edge, over the entire surface, selectively or in areas of 10 square centimeters to 1000 square centimeters with each other can be connected.

Claims (10)

1. Method for producing a spacer fabric that is shaped to fit with permanent rebound properties, in which the spacer fabric to be formed into a desired shape is heated, wherein in the spacer fabric each spacer thread is guided through the base parts and bound into the latter, so that within one pattern repeat it describes a curve in a configuration, which can be described by the

   -- symbols I, X or V or

   -- by the sequences IXI, IVI, VXV, VXI or IXV,
   characterised in that
   the spacer fabric is shaped in a mould corresponding to the target shape, wherein the mould

   -- is heated in a section of the spacer fabric to be shaped and

   -- is cooled in a section of the spacer fabric which is not to be shaped.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the mould comprises at least two mould parts and the shaping is performed by pressing together the mould parts and heating the spacer fabric up to a softening point of the thread material.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one heat carrier used during heating and shaping is designed to be solid.
4. Method according to claim 3, characterised in that the heat carrier used during the heat forming is the mould.
5. Method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that at least one heat carrier is located between the mould parts.
6. Method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that during the heat forming, in addition to having the mould as at least one solid heat carrier, at least one additional heat carrier is used.
7. Method according to claim 6, characterised in that the additional heat carrier is solid, liquid or gaseous.
8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the shaped-adjusted spacer fabric is cooled after production.
9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the cooling is performed by a solid, liquid or gaseous material.
10. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the spacer fabric is preheated approximately up to a softening point of the thread material in a separate device.

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