DE202006020794U1 - Form-adapted spacer fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

Spacer fabric that can shaped to fit has permanent rebound properties produced by 1-750 spacer fibers per 2.54 square meters. The spacer fabric is in a permanent form produced by the action of heat. An independent claim is also included for a method for the production of the spacer fabric. Preferred Features: The angle, in which the spacer fibers cross and/or run together, can be varied in the production process. The base surfaces are identical or different. The fabric has a hinge formed by a number of spacer fibers in determined regions of the fabric.

Description

The The invention relates to a shape-matched spacer fabric.

spacer, which are among the distance textiles have been around for a long time known and consist of two on spacer threads Connected textile bases that are at a distance from each other run. The spacer threads are according to the method for the formation of textile surfaces in the bases involved.

The Base areas can be both parallel (equidistant) as well as with variable distance to each other.

at The use of spacer knits may be due to pressure or else even by self-loading come to the fact that the spacer threads kinked be and / or tilt the bases parallel to each other, whereby the distance between them is lifted.

Various pamphlets offer different solutions to these problems. For example, the American patent specification describes US 5,385,036 a spacer fabric in which the spacer threads are crossed by up to 45 ° with each other. This makes it difficult to tilt the bases. However, the manufacturing process is only suitable for the production of thin spacer fabrics with a maximum thickness of about 12 mm.

Furthermore, from the German patent DE 100 26 405 A1 Spacer knit known in which the spacer threads form so-called IXI structures. Each spacer thread is thus guided through the base areas and bound into the base areas in such a way that, within a repeat, it describes a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the string IXI. These spacer fabrics are characterized by very good dimensional stability, good compressive rigidity and / or compressive elasticity, excellent load-bearing capacity, exceptional dimensional stability and long-lasting rebound properties.

About that In addition, it is known thermoplastic foams by a hot deformation process into a desired shape. Here are the foam parts for example, by a warm solid or by specific hot injected gas at certain points softened the desired places. An optionally warm shape or the mere softening of specially selected ones Make it possible then, the foam parts permanently to bring in the desired shape, even after cooling is maintained.

Such if necessary, thermoformed foam parts are among others used as upholstery elements for example in the seat upholstery.

The German patent application DE 102 40 462 describes, for example, a vehicle seat which consists of a conventional padding foam substructure and having recesses in the seat or in the backrest. In these recesses inserts are arranged from a load-absorbing, permanently elastic and provided with permanent return properties Abstandgewirke.

The Production of such a seat by precise ergonomic molded foam parts very well to the different requirements the user for example by adapting to the body shape the user or can be adapted to a particular shape of the seat, is very expensive. It also provides a high level of comfort thanks to the sewn by the inserts of spacer knitted fabric Excellent air circulation achieved because of different materials must be combined with each other. The transitions, where the materials may need to be connected, may be distracting to the users become. For example, the elasticity of a padding when bonding materials by forming a solid or Less elastic splice can be affected. In addition, the different materials have to be elaborate and be tuned very closely to each other, for example unwanted differences in the strength, the seating comfort not uncomfortable by the users be felt. Furthermore, it must also worked extremely accurately be, so even under a pressure load no existing or occurring gaps the comfort of the user to disturb. The presence of the foam parts is included anyway always associated with losses in seating comfort, since they are the heat and moisture released by the body can absorb and deduce sufficiently. It's in the foam areas no adequate air circulation possible and thus can also sweat can not be dissipated. One can, to improve the air circulation, if necessary warm deformed foam parts, who continue to take on the task of upholstery, a thin one Place spacer fabric. By the body weight becomes however, the spacer knit is compressed and the air circulation is at least impaired. Furthermore, it is unfavorable that foam parts, if anything, then very difficult can be recycled.

Therefore, the German patent specification describes DE 100 13 492 a vehicle seat, in which the different areas of the seat, which are provided with a spacer knitted fabric, are separated only by webs. Height differences in the seat can be achieved by different distances of the top surfaces of the spacer fabric. This type of seat padding makes it possible, at least to some extent, to adapt a padding made of spacer knit fabric to a specific body shape or to a specific seat shape by the use of spacer yarns of different lengths. However, the problems already described, which arise in the production of a padding made of a plurality of materials, continue to exist, since the different regions of spacer fabric are separated from webs in this case as well.

task The invention is the optimal adaptation of a padding a desired shape and to allow for the requirements of a user, where the desired shape is adapted individually to the shape of the body to be worn or body part, to a specific seat shape, to mechanical Requirements, utility function or ergonomics needs and where possible the largest possible Comfort is ensured.

According to the invention This task by a form-adapted spacer knit with the Characteristics of independent claim 1 solved.

Especially The invention relates to form-fitting spacer knitted fabrics with permanent Bouncing. Also the preferred embodiments The invention relates in particular to spacer fabrics permanent return characteristics. Such permanent Return features are for many applications especially before given to and allow it, the inventive Spacer knit, for example, in seating, in particular Chairs and armchairs to use. The embodiments However, always concern the case that the spacer knitted fabric, the rigid means largely undeformable, are. Such rigid Spacer knits are particularly suitable for use where a dimensionally stable body to be created. Examples of such dimensionally stable bodies are Cladding elements, for example for seat or chair backrests or lumbar support.

Especially preferred embodiments of the invention relate to combinations of spacer fabrics with possibly different sizes Restoring forces on the one hand and dimensionally stable spacer knitted fabrics on the other hand.

So For example, it is possible to use seating with integrated Lumbar support in a substantially continuous To produce operation.

Because of their elastic resistance to plastic changes are subsequently also substantially dimensionally stable spacer knitted as Form-fitting spacer fabric with durable return properties designated.

advantageous Further developments of the form-adapted spacer knitted fabric with durable Return characteristics result from the subclaims 2 to 32.

Further Advantages, special features and expedient further education The invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description of preferred embodiments.

The shape-matched spacer fabrics according to the invention are characterized by permanent return properties and a form which largely corresponds to a desired shape. The permanent return properties are achieved by a certain number of spacer threads per unit area and / or by a special guidance of the spacer threads of the spacer knitted fabric. From a certain number of spacer threads per unit area is ensured even by the mere number of spacer threads that, for example, a kinking of all spacer threads and / or tilting of the bases are largely difficult. In addition or as an alternative to this, for example, buckling of the spacer threads and / or tilting of the base surfaces can also be made considerably more difficult by special guidance of the spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties. By guiding the spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, of course, a distance between the two base surfaces is guaranteed. In this case, the leadership of the spacer threads can be varied within a repeat. For example, the spacer threads may be passed through the bases and bound into the bases so as to describe, within a repeat, a curve in a shape approximated by the characters I, X and V or by strings comprising any combination of these characters. For example, IXI, IVI, VXV, VXI or IXV can be described. A repeat within the meaning of the invention is the part of a spacer knitted fabric, according to which the guide of the spacer threads is repeated in the direction of production or transversely thereto. A buckling of the spacer threads and / or a tilting of the base surfaces can be made much more difficult. Further, the leadership of the spacer threads in particularly preferred embodiments corresponds to the above-mentioned character strings and particularly preferably the string IXI, as this, for example, a buckling of the spacer threads and / or a Tilting the base surfaces can be made particularly effective. Shape-matched spacer fabrics with permanent return properties in the context of the invention are spacer fabrics which can be adapted both to a specific desired shape and to the requirements of the user and have durable return properties. Permanent return properties are present if the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics return to their original desired shape as far as possible after a single or multiple deformation due to an optionally heavy and / or lasting load. In this case, the extent of deformation of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with rebound properties can be determined by the guidance of the spacer threads within a repeat and / or the base surface weave, and / or the thread material used, and / or the structure of the base surfaces, and / or the number of spacer threads, and / or or the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, and / or the formation of the hinges, and / or the arrangement of the joints, from a largely non-existent deformation to deformation almost the entire thickness of the conformed spacer fabric progressively can be varied. For example, the thickness of the conformed spacer knit having rebound properties needed to achieve excellent load bearing properties varies between 0.1 and 25 cm.

The Thickness may, for example, preferably be at least 0.1 cm, more preferably at least 5 cm and more preferably at least 7 cm.

The Upper limit of the thickness, for example, at most 25 cm, more preferably at most 15 cm.

The Number of spacer threads of the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent rebound properties per 2.54 square centimeter Can be used to provide excellent and lasting return and to achieve load-bearing properties, for example between 1 and 750 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeters.

The Number of spacer threads of the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent rebound properties For example, preferably at least 1 spacer thread per 2.54 square centimeters, more preferably at least 10 spacer threads per 2.54 Square centimeter.

The Upper limit of the number of spacer threads of the shape-matched Spacer knit with durable return properties For example, it is preferably at most 750 Spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeters, more preferably at most 500 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeters and beyond preferably at most 250 spacer threads per 2.54 Square centimeters.

The one by one DIN 53579, part 1 (Hardness test on precast products (indentation test)) Specific strength of the conformed spacer fabric having durable rebound properties that can be used to ensure excellent load bearing properties and sufficient and comfortable hold of an article to be worn, for example, at least 5N, preferably at least 25N and particularly preferably at least 40 N.

The Upper limit, for example, at most 400 N, preferred at most 350 N, and most preferably at most 300 N amount.

The shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties For example, an area of at least 10 square centimeters, preferably at least 15 square centimeters and more preferably at least 20 square centimeters.

In preferred embodiments of the invention shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties can also guide the spacer threads within of a report and, consequently, the characters or the string through the in the leadership of the spacer threads approximated within a rapport resulting curve be described and in the direction of production and / or across be varied. These variations allow it, the load-bearing properties, the dimensional stability, the Compressive rigidity and / or compressive elasticity, the shape constancy and to influence the return characteristics and the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties flexible and convenient to suit the requirement of the user. This ensures the highest possible comfort.

The requirements include all the features needed to optimize a user's sense of comfort. For example, a user's requirement may include certain properties related to strength, load bearing properties, dimensional stability, compressive stiffness and / or compressive resilience, dimensional stability of the rebound properties and airflow allowed, and preferably also moisture, vapor or liquid dissipation. For example, to maximize his comfort, the user desires an individualized strength which corresponds to the different body parts required and / or feels comfortable hold, a certain compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity, which allows a more or less star kes sinking of different body parts in the spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, certain load-bearing properties that ensure that a certain load by the spacer knitted fabric can be accommodated with lasting rebound properties, largely without the load being wholly or partially forwarded, for example, to supporting parts, certain rebound properties that ensure that the knitted fabric with permanent rebound properties after a deformation caused by an optionally heavy and / or long-term load again return to their original shape, a certain air permeability, which allows a good air circulation, or a certain dimensional stability and / or dimensional stability, which in a gege In the event of persistent and / or severe stress, the original form shall be maintained as far as possible.

About that In addition, shape-matched spacer knits can be made with permanent ones Return characteristics due to the variation of the guide the spacer threads in the direction of manufacture or transversely thereto in subdivided into several areas related to load bearing characteristics, the dimensional stability, the compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity, the Distinguish shape consistency and the return properties. An area within the meaning of the invention is a part of a thing that at least from the other contiguous parts of this thing different. These areas may be parts of the preferably permanent ones Rebound properties having conformed spacer fabric different or the same shape and / or size be. For example, areas of shape-matched Spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties, in which by the leadership of the spacer threads For example, approximating the curve created within a report can be described by an I, of areas of the shape-adapted Spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties, in which by the leadership of the spacer threads within a repeat, for example, the resulting curve can be described approximately by an X, considerably in terms of load-bearing properties, dimensional stability, Compressive rigidity and / or compressive elasticity, dimensional stability and retrace properties. Here are the aforementioned properties in the fields of shape-adapted Spacer knitted fabric with durable return properties, in which by the leadership of the spacer threads For example, approximating the curve created within a report can be described by an X, usually better. The aforementioned Properties of areas of conforming spacer fabrics with permanent return characteristics in which the the leadership of the spacer threads within a Rapportes resulting curve, for example, approximated by a V are mostly between the properties the areas of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent Return characteristics in which the guide the spacer threads arising within a repeat Curve, for example, approximately described by an I. can be, and the characteristics of the areas of the shape-adapted Spacer knitted fabric with durable return properties, in which by the leadership of the spacer threads For example, approximating the curve created within a report can be described by an X to classify. By this preferred distribution the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics in different areas, which different strengths and / or Shape constants and / or shape stabilities and / or rebound properties , the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with durable rebound properties flexible and comfortable adapted to the requirement of the user. This represents the highest possible Comfort for sure.

In particularly preferred embodiments of the invention shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties Each spacer thread of the spacer knit so through the bases guided and integrated into the base areas be that he describes a curve in a figure within a rapport, which are approximately described by the string IXI can.

advantageously, becomes the spacer knitted fabric by heat permanently brought into a form largely corresponding to a desired shape.

The desired shape of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties is the shape with which the desired - possibly ergonomic - shape of the spacer knitted fabric used to make the patterned knitted spacer fabric with permanent return properties is to be achieved. The desired shape is thus the shape to which the shape of the spacer fabric is to be adapted with permanent return properties. In this case, the desired shape can be adapted individually to the shape of the body or body part to be worn, to a specific seat shape, to mechanical requirements, to a functional function or to ergonomic requirements. For example, it may be necessary to adapt the desired shape to specific mechanical requirements, for example to a bean that is raised in certain areas pollution due to a greater load in these areas. This adaptation can be achieved, for example, by not deforming the shape-matched spacer fabrics with permanent return properties in certain areas and designing them to have particularly good load-bearing properties in these areas, since in these areas the entire thickness of the spacer fabrics is available as a load-bearing travel stands. Conversely, adaptation to a utility function, for example, includes a design that provides increased lateral support when contemplated for use as part of a ride and / or aircraft seat cushion or even as a ride and / or seat cushion. The adaptation to a utility function may also include a design that is particularly useful for the intended use. For example, the desired shape can be adapted to the function of use by ensuring a wedge-shaped shape for a shape-matched spacer fabric intended for use as a seat wedge with durable rebound properties. Furthermore, an adaptation to ergonomic needs is possible, which ensures an improvement of the interface between the user and the object, for example, the upholstery, and thus guarantees a high level of comfort.

This enables it to be ergonomic and adapted to desired shapes Provide parts that also have good load-bearing properties, a good dimensional stability, good compressive stiffness and / or Compressive elasticity, excellent dimensional stability and excellent Have a rebound properties, in addition, a good Air circulation is enabled.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention Spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties, in each spacer thread of spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties Describes a curve that approximates the string IXI, the entire shape-matched spacer fabric becomes Stabilized very well with permanent rebound properties. The spacer threads thus form by their special leadership and linking to the footprints in this Case called IXI structures. This is a kinking of the spacer threads and / or a tilting of the bases even then very effectively prevents the IXI structure of the spacer threads, when the length of the spacer threads increases, around the Thickness of conformed spacer fabric with durable return properties to increase up to 15 cm. As a result, it is through the IXI structure of the spacer threads possible, depending on Length of the spacer threads to produce up to 15 cm thick spacer knitted fabric, which good load-bearing properties, good dimensional stability, good compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity, excellent Form consistency and excellent rebound properties have.

Of the Angle in which the spacer threads of the conformed Spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties can cross and / or converge, can be changed. For example, the angle at which the X forming one Spacer threads of the form-matched spacer knitted fabric with Crossing permanent return characteristics, changed become. Two or more different angles in which the an X forming spacer threads of the conformed spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics two or more different regions of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics. Furthermore, can the individual areas that are about the angle in which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, differ, regardless of their shape and / or size you are. For example, the individual areas be square or rectangular. As a result, the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return properties, for example be divided into at least two areas where the angles, in which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, are different.

Of the Angle in which the spacer threads of the form-fitting Spacer knit with durable return properties Cross and / or converge, as often as possible in the direction of manufacture or be changed across. By the change the angle at which the spacer threads conform to the shape Intersect spacing knits with permanent return properties, is the compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity of shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics affected.

Thereby it is also possible, the strength and / or the shape constancy and / or the dimensional stability and / or the rebound properties the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics to modify in different areas. Through this variation the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or can converge, the strengths and / or the form constants and / or the dimensional stability and / or the rebound properties the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics be flexibly and conveniently adapted to the requirement of the user. This ensures highest possible comfort.

Any area of conforming spacer knitwear with durable rewinding Shaft, which has a different angle to at least one other area, in which the spacer threads of the shape-matched spacer knit intersect and / or run together, also has its own, at least one of the other areas different strength and / or shape consistency and / or dimensional stability and / or rebound property.

Two or more areas with different angles, in which themselves the spacer threads of the form-matched spacer knitted fabric with crossing and / or converging permanent return characteristics define two or more different strength ranges within a form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties.

ever narrower or narrower, for example, through the spacer threads formed X in an area of the shape-matched spacer knit with permanent return characteristics, the higher and / or better is the strength and / or the shape constancy and / or the dimensional stability and / or the rebound property in this area.

Vice versa is the strength and / or the shape constancy and / or the dimensional stability and / or the return property in an area of shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties of course, the lower and / or worse, the wider for example, one of the spacer threads of the shape-matched Spacer knitted fabric with lasting rebound properties X is.

By this particularly preferred division of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return characteristics in different areas, which different strengths and / or shape constants and / or Dimensional stability and / or rebound properties , the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with durable rebound properties flexible and comfortable adapted to the requirement of the user. This represents the highest possible Comfort for sure.

for example can form-fitting spacer knits with permanent return properties different areas with different angles, in which the spacer threads of the form-matched spacer knitted fabric with crossing and / or converging permanent return characteristics and different strengths which correspond to the different ones Body parts each needed and / or as give a pleasant feeling.

advantageously, can through the different areas with different angles, in which the spacer threads of the form-fitting spacer knit with permanent return characteristics and / or converge, and be ensured by different strengths, that different body parts depending on the requirement and angle in which are the spacer threads of the form-fitting spacer knit with permanent return characteristics and / or converge, individually more or less in the spacer knitwear can sink in with permanent rebound properties, whereby a high comfort feeling is produced.

About that In addition, the two base surfaces of the shape-matched Spacer knit with durable return properties be identical or different as needed. The bases the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics may have a different open or closed structure.

For example may be the footprints of the conformed spacer fabric closed-meshed with permanent return characteristics Textile or open net-like knitted textile cover.

The Structure of the base of the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics is their actual Nature.

The Structure of form - fitting spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties Base can be flowing between a closed and an open structure vary. A base area with an open structure according to the invention is therefore a Base area, which to some extent openings having. These openings can be, for example by large and / or wide stitches or by education of a net-like close-knit textile knit. The openings can be of any shape and / or size be.

For example For example, a net-like close-meshed textile knit can be square, rectangular, triangular, octagonal, round, oval or honeycomb openings exhibit.

The openings, which has one of the bases, can thereby also of different shape and / or size be.

A Base area with a closed structure in the sense of Invention is expediently a base area, which comprises a textile fabric. Preferably, the textile is knit closely.

The Structure of the bases affects the point elasticity. The more open the structure of the base, the more sink on it resting parts in the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics.

A open structure of the bases can be so from a rather distinguished structure of the base areas characterized be that on a more open footprint of a shape-matched Spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties dormant parts stronger in the form-fitting spacer knit sink in with permanent rebound characteristics as same Parts that are on a rather closed base of a otherwise same distance knitted fabric with permanent return properties rest. Here, one of the two basic surfaces or both bases in the direction of production or transversely to have a different open or closed structure.

Therefore can also be shaped by the structure of the base areas Spacer knit with durable return properties Make sure that different body parts depending on Requirement more or less in the spacer knitted fabric with permanent Return properties can sink, causing a high comfort feeling is generated.

moreover can the bases independent of be continuous in structure or have interruptions. For example, a footprint may be an interruption to facilitate the formation of a joint. Such Joints can be places where the shape-adapted Spacer knit with durable return properties are particularly easy to bend. Conveniently, become the two opposite bases mostly not interrupted in the same place. Accordingly, will by varying the structure of the bases and / or by Presence of continuous parts of the base and / or interruptions of the footprint the division the form - fitting spacer fabric with permanent return properties in different areas possible, which are different Point elasticity and / or strength and / or shape constancy can have.

The Point elasticity and / or strength and / or shape constancy the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics thanks to a variation of the structure of the bases and / or the continuity of the bases in each area, in which the structure and / or continuity the base area differ from that of another area, individually, be flexibly and conveniently adapted to the requirement of the user, to ensure the highest possible comfort.

Furthermore, the surface area bonding of the two base surfaces of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties can also be different. The surface area binding describes the way in which the spacer threads are integrated into the respective base area. Thus, the surface area binding also has an influence on the point elasticity and / or the strength of the shape-matched spacer fabric. Exemplary types of surface area binding are described in German Offenlegungsschrift DE 100 26 405 A1 , to which reference is made in full, described in detail.

The Base surface bonding of one of the two base surfaces or both bases may be in the manufacturing direction or be varied across. The variation of the base area binding again allows the division of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return characteristics in different Areas that have different point elasticities and / or Strengths may have. Thus, the point elasticity and / or strength of the form-fitting spacer fabric with durable Returning properties also thanks to a variation of the surface area binding in every area where the base area bonding of that distinguishes another area, individually, flexibly and conveniently adapted to the requirement of the user to ensure the highest possible comfort.

Further may be the number of spacer threads of the form-fitting spacer knit with permanent return properties in the production direction or vary across it. Also the variation of the number of spacer threads allows the division of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return characteristics in different Areas that can have different strengths. Accordingly, the strength and / or the shape constancy and / or the Dimensional stability and / or the rebound property the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics also thanks to a variation in the number of spacer threads in each area where the number of spacer threads different from that of another area, individual, flexible and conveniently adapted to the requirement of the user to ensure the highest possible comfort.

By reducing the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter in certain areas of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties, for example, at least one joint in the for man-made spacer fabrics are formed with durable return properties. These joints are the places of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, where the spacer knits with permanent return properties bend and bend particularly well. A reduction in the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter in a certain area of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabrics with permanent return properties, leads to a decrease in strength and / or stability and / or dimensional stability in this area, resulting in simplified bending and buckling is possible. The joints can therefore be formed by a number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter, in a certain area of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, reduced to zero compared with the directly adjacent regions of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties. The formation of the joints can also be varied, for example, by decreasing the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter, to form a joint to a particular different set value and / or reducing the number of spacer threads progressively or in one or more stages. The joints can be arranged arbitrarily in the production direction of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties or transversely thereto.

The For example, joints can serve the shape-adapted Spacer knit with durable return properties better at the moving parts of the support surface to adjust. For example, it can be used in the upholstery of an adjustable Seat at least partially by form-adapted spacer knitted fabric be desirable with permanent return characteristics that the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties have different joints, which make it the shape matched distance with permanent return characteristics, exactly along the mechanical gels used to adjust the Seat can be used, easily kinked and / or bent.

Of Further, it is by reducing the number in particular the Number of spacer threads per square centimeter of the spacer threads in certain areas of the form-fitting distance knit fabric permanent rebound properties that contribute to the formation of Jointing introduces, for example, possible Cutting the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return properties in these areas, as by reducing the Number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter in certain areas of the shape-matched Spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties stability and / or strength and / or dimensional stability in these areas of form-fitting spacer knitwear with permanent ones Return properties is reduced.

moreover are those of the contoured or separated by one of the Base surfaces dissolved spacer threads and / or Monofilaments minimized outgoing impairments, if the contouring and in particular the cutting in the range of Joints take place as the number of potentially severable or Spacer threads detachable from a base and / or monofilaments in these areas is reduced.

on the other hand but the joints can also serve, for example, the shape of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics easy and fast to change. For example, you can Joints a folding or rolling up the form-fitting spacer knit with permanent return characteristics to simplify the stowage of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent Return features save space in confined spaces to allow or by folding out a large one Spacer knit with durable return properties to get a smaller one with increased thickness. A break one of the bases in the region of a joint simplified again the bending and / or buckling, because of the interruption the base area's stability and / or strength and / or the dimensional stability in the region of the joint is reduced.

In order to facilitate the deformation of the spacer knitted fabric having durable rebound properties in the production of the conformed knitted fabric having durable recovery properties, the number of the spacer yarns, in particular the number of the spacer yarns per square centimeter, for example, can be progressively up to the locations and / or the locations that are deformed, be reduced to zero. By the optionally progressive reduction of the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter up to the points and / or at the points which are deformed down to zero, the strength and / or the stability of the spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties can be achieved Manufacture of the form-fitting spacer knit can be used with lasting rebound properties, targeted to be reduced at the points that are deformed. The deformation is simplified because therefore, for example, a ge Less pressure must be exerted on the areas to be deformed. In addition, because of the possibly progressive reduction of the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter to the points and / or at the locations that are deformed, a particularly high dimensional stability can be ensured even at the deformed points, as well as the return properties an optionally progressive decrease in the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter can be reduced.

Of Further, the thread material of the shape-matched spacer knit with permanent return properties in the direction of manufacture or be varied across. The thread material in the context of the invention includes the material, which in filament form, but preferably for example, as a monofilament, for the production of the bases and / or the spacer threads of the conformed spacer fabric to be used with permanent rebound properties can. For the production of the bases and the spacer threads Different thread materials can be used. In the variation of the thread material, the thread material itself and / or the thickness of the thread material can be varied. As thread materials For example, cotton, wool, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, Polyethersulfones, polypropylene, polymethylmethacrylate, polyester, Polyurethanes, polyamides, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, E-glass, AR glass or C fiber coated or uncoated, in question. there they can be yarns, monofilaments or multifilaments that are arbitrary can be combined with each other. Any existing Coating may, for example, be an antibacterial, moisture-absorbent, a functional or a hydrophobic coating. The thread material itself, however, can also be, for example, antibacterial, moisture-absorbing, functional or have hydrophobic properties.

One antibacterial thread material or an antibacterial coating For example, cyclodextrins, triclosan, chitosan, silver ions, Silver particles or quaternary ammonium compounds include. Hydrophobic thread materials or coatings can For example, fluorinated hydrocarbons include.

moisture Thread materials or coatings can be, for example Polyacrylic acid or other polymers or polymer blends which absorb water and optionally form hydrogels can. Moisture-absorbing substances can Alternatively to their use only as thread material in a existing form-fitting spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics inserted and / or introduced be using one within the form-fitting spacer knit with to absorb the permanent rebound properties occurring moisture and thus, for example, the comfort of a sweaty user, the on a form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties is resting, increasing.

functional Thread materials or coatings can be, for example have functional compounds and / or molecules, those with certain other compounds and / or molecules if necessary react. For example, by functional thread materials or by functional coatings, which compounds and / or Have molecules, for example, selectively with water react, the humidity within the entire shape-adapted Spacer knit with durable return properties be determined. In particular embodiments of the invention functional thread materials or coatings, for example also odor control molecules, such as cyclodextrins include.

Further affects both the thickness and the nature of the thread material the strength, the rebound properties, the load-bearing properties, the dimensional stability, the compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity and the dimensional stability of the conformed spacer knitted fabric with durable return properties. Accordingly, all the aforementioned properties of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return characteristics thanks to a variation the nature or thickness of the thread material in each area, in the nature or the thickness of the thread material of the one different range, individually, flexibly and comfortably adapted to the requirement of the user to provide the highest level of comfort sure.

About that In addition, the thread material of the shape-matched spacer knit be a thermoplastic thread material. Such a thermoplastic Thread material is particularly suitable for the production of form-adapted Spacing knitted fabric with durable return properties, since it is under the influence of heat first softened and deformed in the softened state, that after cooling no longer independent takes its original form. Through the use of thermoplastic Thread materials can have a particularly high dimensional stability or dimensional stability the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with variable permanent Return characteristics are guaranteed.

An inventive shape adapted Spacer knit having durable rebound properties may comprise a single-ply or multi-ply knit fabric having durable rebound properties.

One multi-layered spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties may in particularly preferred embodiments of the invention several interconnected, for example stitched, quilted, glued or in some other way, for example, by buttons, Slings, snaps, rice or Velcro closures or via joints interconnected, einlagige spacer knitted fabric with permanent return characteristics.

One according to the invention multi-layered form-adapted Spacer knit with durable return properties can several equal length and / or -like by joints, that is through areas with compared to the directly adjacent areas the form-fitting spacer fabric with durable return properties, optionally reduced to zero number of spacer threads per square centimeter, connected sections comprise the one above the other be folded. When folding a spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, which, for example, comprises three 2 m long joints separated by joints The result is a 2 m long three-ply spacer fabric with durable Returning properties caused by heat permanently in a desired shape largely corresponding shape can be brought. The length of the joints corresponds while at least the height of the spacer knitted fabric with permanent Bouncing. In addition, you can the individual layers are connected either via the joints remain or be separated at the joints and sewn together, quilted, glued or in another way, for example by Buttons, slings, snaps, rice or Velcro closures be connected to each other. If the inventive multi-layered form-fitting spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties Areas that have different properties in particular to Example different thicknesses, guides the spacer threads within a repeat and / or surface bonds, and / or used thread materials, and / or structures of the bases, and / or a different number of Ab stains per unit area, and / or a different angle, in which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, and / or a different design of the joints, and / or Arrangement of the joints and / or different strengths, rebound properties, load-bearing properties, Dimensional stability, compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity, in whole or in part comprises, are these preferably at two consecutive sections in arranged in reverse order. Furthermore, they are on top of each other following joints connected by joints after folding arranged in the opposite direction of production to each other. This causes a buckling of the spacer threads in the production direction, which occur at two layers arranged in the direction of production can, largely avoided and the Rücksprungeigenschaften and / or the shape constancy and / or the shape stabilities and / or the load-bearing properties and / or the point elasticity and / or the compressive elasticity of the multi-layered shape-matched spacer knit further improved with permanent rebound properties.

there comprises a multi-layered spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties for Example at least two, preferably at least between 2 and 50, more preferably 2 and 12, and most preferably at least between 2 and 6 interconnected single-ply spacer knits with permanent return characteristics. It can the interconnected Einlagigen spacer knitted fabric at the same and / or at opposite and / or at any angle, in particular a 90 degree angle, offset arrangement used become. The single ply knitted fabric with durable return properties can, for example, by punctual heat, which a local and limited fusion of the spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics, be connected to each other.

• – die Dicke
• – die Führung der Abstandsfäden innerhalb eines Rapportes
• – die Grundflächenbindung,
• – das verwendete Fadenmaterial,
• – die Struktur der Grundflächen,
• – die Anzahl der Abstandsfäden insbesondere der Anzahl der Abstandsfäden pro Quadratzentimeter,
• – den Winkel, in dem sich die Abstandsfäden kreuzen und/oder zusammenlaufen,
• – die Ausbildung der Gelenke und
• – die Anordnung der Gelenke.

The interconnected single-ply spacer fabrics having durable return characteristics may be different in whole or in part with respect to one or more of the following features:

• - the fat
• - The leadership of the spacer threads within a repeat
• - the surface bonding,
• The thread material used,
• - the structure of the bases,
• The number of spacer threads, in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter,
• The angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge,
• - the training of the joints and
• - the arrangement of the joints.

Such a form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return properties, comprising a plurality of single-ply spacer knits with permanent return properties, which in terms of thickness, the leadership of the spacer threads within a repeat and / or the base surface binding and / or the Fa denmaterial, and / or the structure of the base surfaces and / or the number of spacer threads in particular the number of spacer threads per square centimeter and / or the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge and / or the formation of the joint, and / or distinguishing the arrangement of the joints, in whole or in part, makes it possible to provide a vertical variation of strength, rebound properties, load bearing properties, dimensional stability, compressive stiffness and / or compressive resilience and dimensional stability over part or all of the thickness of the conformed spacer fabric ensure lasting return characteristics.

All The above properties can also within a layer that is a single-ply knitted fabric with permanent Return characteristics corresponds thanks to the means previously described be varied.

Therefore can all the aforementioned characteristics of the shape-matched Spacer knit with durable return properties thanks to various single-layer spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties in any vertical area, with a single-ply spacer knitted fabric with consistent return characteristics, which differs from another vertical area, which with a other single ply knitted fabric with durable return properties differentiates, individually, flexibly and comfortably to the requirements the user, in particular to desired return characteristics and / or Load-bearing properties and / or to a point elasticity and / or strength and / or dimensional stability and / or dimensional stability, the compressive stiffness and / or compressive elasticity, adjusted to ensure the highest possible comfort.

by virtue of the various embodiments just described by way of example the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics Different variations can be achieved.

The Features of form-fitting spacer knit with durable Return properties can be horizontal both in the direction of manufacture as well as across, as well as being vertically altered, by using the base surface tie and / or the one used Thread material and / or the structure of the base and / or the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of Spacer threads per square centimeter and / or the angle, in which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, and / or the formation of the joints and / or the arrangement of the joints, in the Whole or in part of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent Return properties modified.

there The areas that are characterized by certain characteristics differ, of any shape and / or size be. The shape and size of the different areas can be the same or different. From these diverse Variations can be seen that the inventive shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties individual, comfortable and flexible to the requirements of the user can be adjusted to the highest possible comfort sure.

for example can be used for every part of the body of the user on a form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties resting, individually through the different variations to create an area whose aforementioned characteristics are adapted to the respective body part to be worn, thus to optimize the comfort. The excellent air circulation in the form-fitting spacer knits with permanent return properties makes it possible to increase comfort once again.

Furthermore may be a form-fitting spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return characteristics at least one Include sensor. A sensor in the sense of the invention is a device for measuring at least one specific physical quantity.

The Sensors can be inside the contoured spacer fabric be attached with permanent return characteristics or as a probe from outside into the form-fitting spacer fabric introduced with permanent rebound properties become.

The Sensors can also be used as functional thread material or designed as a functional coating of the thread material be. In the first case, each functional thread of the thread material a sensor that is part of the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent Return properties is. For example, could such a functional thread material metallic threads include, which serve as a thermocouple and in the manufacture and / or further processing in the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties were introduced. In the latter case, there is at least one volume area at least in a base area and / or the spacer thread area from a variety of sensors that are part of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics.

The sensors may correspond, for example trigger various visual or auditory alarms, activate additional ventilation via at least one fan, or activate at least one pump for pumping out any detected fluid from the conformable spacer fabric having durable rebound properties.

The Sensors allow, for example, the temperature, the Moisture or the concentration of a particular substance in the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties determine. In this case, several sensors can be used be to measurements of the aforementioned and / or other physical Sizes may be independent of each other in different zones of the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics. The Zones of conforming spacer fabric with durable return properties are parts of any shape and size of the form-fitted Spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties, in which measurements of at least one physical size done by at least one sensor. The number of zones is not limited. The measurement within a zone can be done by one or more sensors, one or more determined physical quantities.

Of the or the sensor (s) can also be connected to a data processing unit be connected, which transmitted from the or the sensor (s) Data at intervals also with setpoints compares. The set point (s) and the distance in which the from the sensor (s) transmitted values with the or the setpoint (s) can be arbitrarily and can be conveniently changed by, for example, programming the data processing unit changes. Will a deviation of the measured value or values to the one or more Setpoint (s) is determined, if necessary, by the data processing unit an action causes, for example, the activation at least a signal lamp and / or at least one signal horn and / or at least one heating element and / or at least one motor a fan with or without heating and / or cooling element or heat supply or removal or a pump. You can do that both the extent of the deviation, from which an action optionally done by the data processing unit, as also define the nature of the action freely. Furthermore, the extent of the Depending on the extent of the event Deviation of the measured value or the measured values to the nominal value or the setpoints are varied. The extent of where appropriate triggered by the data processing unit action can be increased or decreased in stages or continuously when the deviation increases or decreases. For example can the volume of the beep generated by the horn and / or the luminosity of the signal lamp and / or the power of a heating element and / or the speed of the motor of a fan and / or increased or decreased, if any determined by the data processing unit Deviation increases or decreases. Furthermore can be measured by the sensor or sensors If necessary, data in the data processing unit or otherwise stored to the variation of one or more values in to be able to follow a certain time interval and, if appropriate, a specific course of the increase or the decrease of the measured value or the measured values to trigger a special action.

For example Can the temperature within the shape-matched spacer knit with permanent return characteristics by at least a sensor can be measured in at least one zone. The river Oder The sensor (s) can work with a data processing unit for example, also be wirelessly connected, which the of the or the sensor (s) transmitted data in certain programmed Compare distances with also programmed setpoints. If a deviation of the measured value (s) from the set point (s) determined by the data processing unit an action, for example, the activation of at least one engine if necessary Cooling or heating power supplying fan and / or the activation of a heating element. By using this fan or this fan and / or heating element (s) s and / or cooling element (s) s can the measured temperature values the setpoint (s) again be aligned. The act of the data processing unit can if appropriate, only if a deviation of the measured Temperature values for the setpoint (s) by a certain Limit is detected, for example by at least 3 ° C. For example, the fan may fail operated at 3 ° C down at a low speed which, if necessary, for example, on the basis of the Deviation of the measured temperature values to the setpoint (s) can be increased in stages or continuously, if the deviation increases and in stages or continuously again can be reduced if the deviation decreases.

For example, the sensors may trigger various types of visual or auditory alarms according to the user's needs, provide additional ventilation via at least one fan, a heating element, or a pump for pumping out any detected liquid activate from the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return properties.

The Presence of a liquid within the shape-matched Spacer knit with durable return properties For example, by measuring the moisture within the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics get discovered. In doing so, the moisture within the shape is adjusted Spacer knit with durable return properties measured by at least one sensor in at least one zone. The sensor (s) may be connected to a data processing unit for example, also be wirelessly connected, which the of the or the sensor (s) transmitted data in certain programmed Compare distances with also programmed setpoints. If a deviation of the measured values from the nominal values is detected, An action is taken by the data processing unit, for example the activation of at least one motor of a pump. The appearance a liquid within the conformed spacer fabric with permanent return properties to a sudden, possibly abrupt increase in measured moisture within the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics. To be with, For example, occurring during urination, leakage of a liquid associated increase in the humidity of one for example through Sweating caused a difference in humidity to differ and can either activate a fan or to cause a pump, those of the or For example, regarding the sensor (s) measured data the humidity optionally in the data processing unit or otherwise cached to a special one Course of increase or decrease of measured values a special one To trigger action. For example, in the case of an abrupt or at least a steep increase in measured humidity of the engine a pump can be activated, since it can be assumed that a Liquid in the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent Return properties has been incorporated. In contrast, at a slower and more progressive increase in measured humidity Motor of a fan to be activated because the detected Moisture gain is more likely to sweat the user and a situational insufficient moisture drainage due is.

The Sensors may also be the chemical Analyze the composition of the air or a liquid and thereby in the presence of a liquid in the form-fitting spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics for example between Blood, urine and sweat are different, and the requirements trigger the user according to alarm, for example to draw attention to a possible blood loss or one Activate pump that pumps out the urine.

at this preferred embodiment, it is particularly advantageous the presence and / or concentration of blood-specific Substances, such as hemoglobin and / or urine specific substances, such as urea, by specific To be able to determine means.

The Production of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric takes place by at least a spacer knitted fabric with durable return properties heated and in a largely corresponding to a desired shape Shape is brought. In this case, the spacer fabric used with permanent return characteristics, a number of the spacer threads between 1 and 750 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeter, preferably between 10 and 500 spacer threads per 2.54 square centimeters and more preferably between 1 and 250 per 2.54 square centimeters exhibit. In addition, or alternatively, at used spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties each spacer thread is guided through the bases and so be involved in the bases that he within a rapport describes a curve in a figure approximated by the characters I, X or V, or by the strings IXI, IVI, VXV, VXI or IXV are described can.

The Production of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable Return characteristics may include the method that each spacer thread is guided through the bases and so on so integrated into the bases that he is within a rapport describes a curve in a shape that approximates can be described by the string IXI, heated and brought into a form largely corresponding to a desired shape becomes.

By the heating becomes the spacer fabric used for production softens with lasting rebound properties. Heating can for example, between 25 and 700 ° C, preferably between 30 and 400 ° C, and more preferably between 150 and 250 ° C at a duration, for example, of between 0.001 and 36000 seconds, preferably between 0.001 and 3600 seconds, more preferably between 0.001 and 900 seconds.

For this purpose, it is advantageously heated in parts or as a whole approximately to the softening point of the thread material. The softening point is reached when the for making the for Mangepasste spacer knitted fabric used with permanent return properties used spacer fabric with permanent return properties can be deformed in the softened state so that they no longer independently take their initial shape after cooling.

By the method of making the conformed spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics will be a hassle-free Adaptation of the shape-adapted spacer fabric Spacer knitted fabrics used with permanent rebound properties with permanent rebound properties to a specific seat shape or the ergonomic requirements of an application and / or achieved by a user.

For example Each one can be made from a spacer knit with permanent return properties existing part of a padding thanks to the method of manufacture the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics to the shape of a support surface or possibly ergonomic adapted to the shape of the body part to be worn.

The Spacer knit with durable return properties can be used to make the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics through a targeted Heating be deformed in certain places. The warming can be punctual or nationwide in different Areas. The areas that are heated can have different shape or size be. Due to the very flexible punctual or in certain areas Full-scale deformation can be an extremely large Produce a number of different forms, which therefore almost all Situations individually extremely well adapted.

In order to the for the production of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent Reclaimed properties used with spacer permanent rebound properties after heating and softening can also be brought into the desired shape, they are in a form of the desired form largely corresponding deformed. In this case, for the production of the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric used with permanent rebound properties and heated spacer fabric with permanent return properties for Example passed between at least two moldings and subsequently deformed by the compression of the moldings become. In this case, the desired shape largely corresponding Form also consist of several parts, manually or mechanically be merged. The use of one of the nominal form most appropriate form is a convenient way of deformation of the for producing the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable Reclaimed properties used with spacer to achieve permanent return characteristics, since only a negative image of the desired shape is needed.

By the use of one of the desired shape largely corresponding form becomes, for example, a progressive deformation by a punctual or nationwide heating at different Avoid spots to reach a given shape.

The Sollform can largely by the use of one of the desired shape corresponding form usually in one or a few heating steps be achieved.

The for producing the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable Reclaimed properties used with spacer permanent return characteristics can alternatively be achieved by heated at least one heat carrier be at least partially in the form or between the Moldings is located.

One Heat transfer in the context of the invention is the substance or the device that controls the heat generated by a heating element to the for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties used spacer fabric with durable return characteristics transmits. The heat carrier can also be the heating element itself be. The heat transfer medium can be liquid, gaseous or solid.

Of the in the process of making the conformed spacer fabric Solid used with permanent rebound properties For example, heat transfer medium can also be one of the desired form include as far as possible appropriate form. Here are the parts the heated a desired shape largely corresponding form.

The for producing the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable Reclaimed properties used with spacer permanent return characteristics will be in this case For example, led between at least two moldings and then by the compression of the moldings first deformed and then heated to the softening point.

In this case, the desired shape largely corresponding heat carrier can also consist of several parts, which are merged manually or mechanically. Thanks to the use of one of the desired shape largely corresponding heat carrier, for example, a progressive deformation by spot or blanket heating at various locations to achieve a given shape, superfluous.

The Sollform can largely by the use of one of the desired shape corresponding heat carrier usually achieved in a heating step become. One of the desired form largely corresponding heat transfer medium also allows the device for manufacturing shape-matched spacer fabrics with durable return properties as simple as possible. An adaptation of the heat carrier to a desired shape largely corresponds to the form is unnecessary. there if a shape deviation with respect to the nominal shape is also minimized, which can occur if the adaptation of the heat carrier to the shape corresponding to the desired shape is not optimal.

Further may be in the process of making the conformed spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics in addition to at least one solid heat carrier, the one Sollform largely corresponds, at least one further heat transfer medium be used. This further heat carrier can a solid, a liquid or a gaseous Be the heat carrier. A liquid or a Gas can be added to at least one solid heat carrier be used to shape the entire for the production of the Spacer knit with durable return properties used spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties to warm up to the softening point very quickly and comfortably, because the for the production of the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent Reclaimed properties used with spacer permanent rebound properties for gases and Liquids are very permeable. But it can also used another solid heat carrier which, for example, is introduced from outside into a mold is and / or is fixedly mounted in a molding. It is the shape of the further heat transfer medium is designed that they are the heat carrier, as far as possible of a desired shape corresponds to support the target shape. The size and the shape of the heat carrier can be arbitrary be varied.

Of the Further or the other heat transfer mediums are also used to enable the production of very complex nominal shapes and as close as possible to an ideal target shape come. This allows the comfort through more complex ergonomically shaped Form-adapted spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics be further optimized.

Of Further, in the process of making the shape-adapted Spacer knit with durable return properties Parts of for producing the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with durable knit properties used spacer fabric not deformed with permanent rebound properties become. Non-deforming can be used in a very targeted manner around the load absorption in certain areas of the form-adapted Spacer knit with durable return properties to improve, since in undeformed areas the entire thickness the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics is available for load suspension. This becomes the Example ensured that the on a form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties resting body parts in the desired places of the entire thickness of the shape-matched Spacer knitted fabrics with durable return properties can be supported, which optimizes the comfort.

moreover may be in the process of making the conformed spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics of the nominal shape largely corresponding heat carrier selectively or in certain different and / or equal areas heated and / or cooled.

there can the form of the desired shape largely corresponding or the Sollform largely corresponding heat transfer medium also consist of several parts that merged manually or mechanically become.

A the desired shape largely corresponding form can also be punctual or in certain different and / or equal sizes Be cooled areas. In this case, punctually means at one or several different points.

By the aforementioned measures is by means of a cooling Ensure that the deformation is only to the desired Jobs takes place.

for example can the heat of the desired shape largely corresponding if only a certain narrow area is to be deformed in this Heated area and cooled directly next to it. This will also ensure the accurate production of the complex Sollformen allows what the ergonomically shaped Form-adapted spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics achievable comfort even further improved.

In order to improve the utilization of the devices used to carry out the process of making the conformed spacer fabric having durable recovery properties, the process may be extended by an additional step involving the manufacture of the for custom-made spacer fabrics having durable hopped properties, spacer fabrics having durable hernia properties are preheated approximately to the softening point before being finally heated to the softening point.

Preferably finds the preheating in a specially designated Device instead. As in the process of making the shape-matched Spacer knit with durable return properties A certain amount of time is needed for the production the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics used spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties in a device to the softening point of the thread material must be heated, the device can during the time needed to reach the softening point to be used.

By preheating approximately to the softening point the thread material in a dedicated device The time to reach the softening point in the device be greatly shortened. Of course this improves the utilization of the device, and the method of manufacture the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics can be carried out particularly time-saving.

through the method of making the conformed spacer fabric with permanent return characteristics the form-fitting spacer knitted fabrics with durable return characteristics be cooled after their preparation. The cooling can be characterized by a liquid, gaseous or solid substance. In particular, the cooling can through a cold surface, a cold liquid, a cold gas, cold air or a mixture of these agents.

for example For example, the cooling may provide the preferably permanent rebound properties having form-fitting spacer knitted fabric after its manufacture by immersion in water. This allows the use a cold liquid, a cold gas, cold air or a mixture thereof for cooling the conformed spacer fabric a particularly fast and convenient cooling of the shape-adapted Spacer knitted fabric with permanent rebound properties their production.

One The reason for this is that the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties for gases and liquids are very permeable.

The Form-adapted spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return characteristics for example for the production of a padding, also foam in particular hot or cold foam of polyurethane, polyether foam, Latex and / or other solid and / or resilient optionally comprise viscoelastic substances, being preferred Foams and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances with a density between RG 5 and RG 150, and more preferably between RG 30 and RG 150 can be used. The enable varied variations of the form-adapted Spacer knit with durable return properties their adaptation both to the foam (s) and / or others solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Fabrics as well as to the resting surface of the upholstery.

One Molded spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent rebound properties, which at least a part of foam and / or other solid or resilient optionally Viscoelastic substances, thereby allowing a particularly simple production, since parts of foam (s) and / or other fixed or recoverable conditions if necessary viscoelastic fabrics comfortable in any form in particular cut out in shapes that have curves with tight radii can be. This makes it possible for complex for example, curves, in particular curves with narrow radii Shapes the number of elaborate trimmings needed of spacer fabrics with durable return properties reduce as possible, as a spacer fabric with permanent return properties which for achieving a complex, for example, curves Form contoured and then trimmed may be due to a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Fabrics which also use trimming without comfort loss can be replaced.

The shape-adapted spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties, which comprises at least one part of foam and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials, allows a vertical variation of the strength and optionally in particular a vertically graded strength of the padding resulting from the combination. It is also possible to use at least one shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent rebound properties, which comprises several parts of foam and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. Selbstverständ Similarly, a portion of foam and / or other solid or resilient, optionally viscoelastic, fabrics comprising the conformable spacer fabric (s) of the present invention having permanent rebound properties may include a plurality of different foams and / or a plurality of others comprise solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances.

In a particular embodiment of the present invention may be the / the foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient, optionally viscoelastic Fabrics comprising the conformable spacer fabric (s) of the invention includes / include durable return characteristics Have climate channels. These air conditioning channels allow better air circulation inside the upholstery and in particular within the foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances, which may optionally be any Have shape and size. For example, you can the air conditioning ducts horizontally or vertically by the / Foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials extending cylindrical Channels, grooves or cuts, in particular S-shaped Incisions, include.

moreover Both the foam (s) and the others can solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Substances which conform to the invention (s) Spacer knit (s) with permanent rebound properties include / comprise, several different areas, the different Properties and in particular different strengths or Have compression hardness. Strength and compression hardness are used synonymously. Each of these area can be of any Be shape and size. It is different the strength of each area at least the strength of a adjacent area. In addition, different areas include the same or different materials.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention The invention may, for example, the strength of the optionally multi-layered part spacer fabric (s) having durable return properties optionally several areas with different strengths comprising a shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent rebound properties, which at least a different areas and in particular areas with different ones Strengthened part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient, optionally viscoelastic Substances, in which the strength of the possibly multi-layered Part of Abstandgewirk (s), which optionally several areas having different strengths, the inventive shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics as already described horizontally varies with the strength of the different Strengths of the foam (s) and / or other parts solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Substances are adjusted. This may optionally be considered uncomfortable perceived strength differences are reduced can.

About that In addition, multilayer inventive shape-matched spacer fabric with durable return characteristics at least one part having different strengths of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally comprise viscoelastic substances. This results additional possibilities, the strength horizontal and especially vertical even better to the requirements of a user.

there may be the division of the multi-layered part (s) Spacer fabric (s) with permanent rebound properties, which / which possibly several areas with different properties in particular different strengths / have, of / the conformed spacer fabric (s) according to the invention with long-lasting return characteristics in different Areas with different properties in particular one different strength with the division of the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. Thereby, each area of the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other fixed or resilient if necessary viscoelastic substances through a corresponding area of the / optionally multi-layered part (s) of spacer fabric (s) with permanent rebound properties, which, if any have / have multiple areas with different strengths of the form-fitting spacer fabric (s) according to the invention with permanent return characteristics in their function be supported, where appropriate, as unpleasant felt strength differences particularly effectively diminished can be.

In addition, the division of the optionally multi-layered part (s) of spacer fabric (s) having permanent return properties, which optionally have multiple regions of different strengths, may be of the conformable spacer fabric (s) of the invention having permanent rebound distinguishing properties into different regions with different strengths from the division of the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. As a result, the strength can be adapted in a particularly convenient and comprehensive manner to the requirements of a user, since areas with possibly different properties overlap due to a different design of the areas with different strengths. Due to the combination of two or more different or identical strength ranges occurring with the overlap with the same or different properties, a separate new strength ranges is thereby formed with new and possibly different properties from all other strength ranges. This results in a variety of ways to adapt the strength particularly accurately and extensively to the requirements of a user.

Especially allow the varied vertical and horizontal Variation possibilities by at least two if necessary in parts different interconnected and adapted to a shape Spacer knit with durable return properties formed spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties offered be a hassle-free very convenient and fast adaptation of the Strength, for example, on the strength of the foam parts or the parts of other fixed or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances to unwanted and disturbing strength differences between different Materials to avoid.

moreover will be a perfect fit joining the possibly multilayer Parts made of spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties, which optionally several areas with different strengths having the form-fitted spacer knitted fabric with permanent Rebound properties with the parts of foam material (s) and / or other fixed or recoverable optionally viscoelastic substances, as appropriate multi-layer parts of spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties, which optionally have several areas with different strengths, the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics can be adapted to any nominal shapes. That is in particular then desirable if the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other fixed or recoverable optionally viscoelastic substances themselves deformed for adaptation (for example, thermoformed) were. In this case can / can the possibly multi-layered parts made of spacer fabric (s) with permanent return characteristics / which optionally several areas with different strengths having / of the conforming spacer fabric (s) with permanent return characteristics in one of the Form of the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Materials adapted Sollform be brought to fit and for example, without uncomfortable wrinkling for the user, which in the cover of a desired shape adapted parts Foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances with non-conforming Spacer knits occur to hang up on these parts. In addition is it possible the shape of the shape-adapted according to the invention Spacing knitted fabric with durable return properties, which one or more optionally multi-layer parts of spacer fabric (s) with permanent rebound properties, if any have several areas with different strengths, and at least one part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Substances comprise, to a certain extent to adapt to a desired shape, without the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Deforming materials. This makes it possible the deformation and in particular the hot deformation particularly efficient and time-saving since spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties due to their high permeability to gauze in particular air and liquids, in particular water especially fast and comfortable and definitely faster and more comfortable as parts of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally cooled and used viscoelastic substances or can be further processed.

for example may be in a padding which has one or more conformed (s) Spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties, the at least one part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Includes fabrics, a comfort-enhancing sitting or lying by the use of one or more conforming spacer fabrics be formed with permanent return properties without the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Deforming materials.

Furthermore, the use of conformable spacer knits with permanent rebound properties allows the foam part (s) and / or the part (s) of other solid or resilient viskoelasti if necessary To keep substances as small as possible, since these are no longer needed to adapt, for example, the padding to a desired shape. The area fraction of such parts on a padded surface is, for example, less than 20%, preferably less than 15%, and most preferably less than 10% when using the shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties. In addition, these parts are preferably arranged on the edge of the padded surface and / or in less stressed areas. As a result, the known problems that occur in the production of upholstery made of different materials can be largely avoided.

Further may be a form-fitting Abstandgewirk invention also one or more part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Include fabrics that are wholly or partially offset by spacing is enclosed with permanent return characteristics. For example, such a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient substances, where appropriate viscoelastic one or both sides of spacer fabrics with permanent ones Be covered return properties.

Any / Part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances and the spacer fabric (s) with permanent return characteristics can / can For example, sewn, quilted, glued or be connected in a different way.

About that In addition, at least a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Substances also of one or more Abstandsgewirk (s) with permanent Rebound properties by hot deformation all or partially enclosed. For example, a part of foam (s) and / or other fixed or recoverable optionally viscoelastic substances by an approximate twice as large folded or two approximate such a large spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties be enclosed on both sides by thermoforming. The edges of the Spacer knit (s) with durable return properties can in the production of the form-adapted spacer knitted fabric with permanent return characteristics, which at least a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally comprise viscoelastic substances under heat with each other get connected. Optionally, for example, arises when enclosing the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances by one or more Abstandsgewirk (s) with permanent rebound properties due to hot deformation also one or more connections between the part (s) Foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances and the spacer fabric (s) with permanent return characteristics. additionally this may be the part (s) of foam (s) and / or other fixed or resilient if necessary viscoelastic fabrics and the spacer fabric (s) with durable However, for example, sew-back properties are still sewn quilted, glued or connected in a different way become. When sewing, quilting or in another way the connection by means of threads can be used for sewing, Quilting or used to join by means of threads Pattern, which for example smaller and / or larger rectangular and / or round and / or ellipsoidal and / or other geometric patterns may include the rebound properties and strength or influence the load-bearing properties. Thereby may conform to the invention Spacer knitwear further and particularly extensive to the needs of a user, since when sewing, quilting or in another type of connection by means of threads depending on the pattern used, areas may arise their rebound properties and strengths or distinguish the load-bearing properties.

Of Further, each individual conforming spacer fabric can be durable Rebound properties, which at least one Abstandsgewirk with lasting return characteristics and at least a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally comprising viscoelastic substances, for example between 10 mm and 1700 mm, preferably 80 mm and 540 mm, more preferably between 120 mm and 360 mm and most preferably between 140 mm and 300 mm thick.

The Thickness and the configuration of each invention shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics and / or any of the foam (s) and / or other solid parts or resilient optionally viscoelastic For example, fabrics may be between 10 mm and 1700 mm, preferably 80 mm and 540 mm, more preferably between 120 mm and 360 mm and most preferably vary between 140 mm and 300 mm.

In addition, the shape-adapted optionally multi-ply spacer knitted fabrics according to the invention with permanent return properties and those of a combination of at least a form-fitting spacer knitted fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties with at least one part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials also each comprise a removable and optionally provided with a zipper shell of natural and / or synthetic fibers.

In a particular embodiment of the present invention the sheath can be an optionally abrasion resistant Spacer textile and in particular a spacer fabric or spacer fabric include.

In another embodiment of the present invention the envelope may comprise several parts which then become optionally by fasteners such as buttons, press studs, Velcro or zipper can be connected together.

In order to in the contouring of / for the production of the invention contoured spacer fabric (s) with durable return properties or a padding which is a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric (s) according to the invention with lasting return characteristics and at least a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally includes viscoelastic substances released Spacer threads and / or monofilaments do not sting, scratch or affect a user in a different way, For example, the number of spacer threads can be progressive or in one or more stages up to the points and / or at the points where the cut is made to zero be reduced.

The Contouring itself is done with cutting, sawing, blasting, Punching methods or combinations thereof and / or related methods usually after the production and / or finishing for example and often allows user-conforming usage. To the Example is the contouring with fixed, expanding and / or oscillating Knife or sawing systems and / or other by a potentiometer or frequency controllable jet (in particular Water, air or gas jet method) or ultrasonic method. In this case, the contouring at room temperature and / or at elevated and / or reduced temperature and / or even in the icing state be made. In addition, the contouring can also at atmospheric Pressure and / or negative pressure and / or overpressure take place.

additionally or alternatively, the edge region of the trimmed used conformed according to the invention Spacer knit (s) with durable return properties or a padding which is a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric (s) according to the invention with lasting return characteristics and at least a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally includes viscoelastic substances, including with a Guard band are trimmed. A protective tape in the sense of The present invention may be any band which penetrates the severed or detached from a base Spacer threads and / or monofilaments to the user largely prevented. In particular, the protective tape may be a film, a laminate or a textile tape which preferably air and is moisture impermeable.

In this case, the edge region of the cut-to-length conformed spacer fabric (s) having permanent return properties or upholstery used may comprise a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric (s) having permanent rebound properties and at least a portion of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials, for example, sewn off with a single-layer or multi-ply band of a close-meshed textile, taped, quilted, connected by the action of heat or otherwise. A tight mesh fabric tape can be used to protect a user from the impairments caused by spacer threads and / or monofilaments being severed in the margins of trimmed spacer fabrics or loosened by a base by forming a close-knit ribbon of textile covering the entire edge region the cut-cut spacer knitted fabric and thus also covers the separated or detached from one of the base surfaces spacer threads, prevents leakage of the separated or detached from one of the base surfaces spacer threads. In this case, the band of a close-meshed textile prevents the separated or detached from a base spacer threads can penetrate to the user, since they can not penetrate the tape of a close-meshed textile. A close-meshed textile in the sense of the invention can be any textile which, due to a sufficient number of stitches per square centimeter, largely prevents a penetration of the separated or detached from a base spacer threads to the user. The number of stitches required per square centimeter depends on the properties of the used spacer fabric (s) and can vary with the thread thickness, the number of spacer threads per square centimeter, the thickness of the spacer knitted fabric, the thread material used and the structure of the base areas vary. For example, in a particular embodiment of the present conformable spacer fabric of the present invention having durable rebound properties, a polyester microfiber textile tape may be used to sew the edge portion of the tailored form-fitting spacer fabric (s) having permanent return properties or padding, which is a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric of the present invention (s) having durable rebound properties and at least part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances.

moreover ensures the protective tape with increasing thickness and / or increasing number of layers further enhanced protection against being severed or spacer threads detached from one of the bases outgoing impairments.

at A protective tape made of a close-meshed textile becomes an increase the thickness of the band of a close-meshed textile preferably by achieves the use of a multi-ply tape of a textile, as an increase in the thickness of the thread with which the tape from a close-meshed textile though also to increase the thickness of the textile leads, but with a lower Number of stitches per unit area and a larger one Gap between two threads of the textile is associated. In a multi-layered protective tape, the various Layers, for example, in relation to the materials used or to differentiate the properties. In a multi-layer textile Protective tape can be the various textiles which to form the multi-layer tape, in view of that for the production used material, on the thread thickness, on the number of stitches per unit area and on the orientation of the stitches differentiate to provide the best possible protection against or from one of the bases dissolved spacer threads to ensure. By a different orientation the stitches of the different layers of a multi-ply tape A textile will do this for the severed or one the base surfaces dissolved spacer threads even more impenetrable.

The Width of the protective tape can, for example, between 2 and 1800 mm, preferably between 12 and 1000 mm, more preferably between 40 and 500 mm and most preferably between 50 and 200 mm be.

there In particular, a U-shaped trimming used be where the protective tape, like a lying on a thigh U with his thighs on the top and bottom of the contoured conformed spacer fabric (s) according to the invention with permanent rebound properties or the contoured Upholstery, which is a combination of at least one invention contoured spacer fabric (s) with durable return properties and at least one part of foam (s) and / or others solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic Includes substances, rests on. This can be the two legs of the U may be the same or different in length and the same or different long on the top and bottom of / the invention shape - matched spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties or the contoured padding, which is a combination at least of a shape-matched spacer fabric (s) according to the invention with lasting return characteristics and at least a part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally comprises viscoelastic substances, rest. A U-shaped trimming is particularly easy Make a part of the protective tape is sufficient to both sides cover the spacer fabric. This allows the trimming particularly efficient, easy to save time and with as much as possible accomplish little effort.

moreover can the permanent shape of the spacer fabric (s) with permanent Reverse properties facing side of the used for trimming Guard band in a particular embodiment of the invention full or partial with silicone or a fluorine-containing Substance can be coated in particular with a fluoropolymer or also over the entire surface or partially another coating which reduces the surface energy and / or optionally to an effect comparable to the lotus effect leads. In this case, the coated surface respectively to the length of the severed or from a base dissolved spacer threads and / or monofilaments and / or the height of the form-fitting spacer fabric (s) be adapted with permanent return characteristics. Through the coating (s) slip the ends of the severed or Spacer threads detached from a base and / or monofilaments when meeting each other with the protective tape from this without penetrating it and the protection from the split or detached from one of the bases Spacer threads and / or monofilaments emanating impairments is further improved, since a penetration of the protective tape difficult becomes.

If the contour of the form-fitting spacer fabric (s) according to the invention with dau It has been possible to obtain, with the use of a combination of at least one shape-matched spacer fabric (s) with permanent rebound properties and at least one part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient viscoelastic substances, that the protective tape used for trimming folds into folds. As a result, in particular, when the protective tape is glued to the spacer textile, it may happen that the adhesive bond between the spacer textile and protective tape sections, if sometimes even on very small distances, is impossible by the folding. This may reduce the degree of adhesion of the protective tape. To prevent this, the protective tape in certain embodiments of the invention alternately on its two longitudinal sides, laterally opposite each other but offset from each other, have cuts which at an angle of between 1 to 90 ° C, preferably 10 ° C and 80 ° C, particularly preferred 20 ° C and 70 ° C are arranged to the longitudinal axis of the protective tape. The length of the incisions may vary and, like the width of the protective tape, depends in particular on the overall height of the optionally multi-layered form-matched spacer fabric (s) having permanent return properties or the contoured padding comprising a combination of at least one conformed spacer fabric (s) according to the invention permanent rebound properties and at least part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic substances. The incision depth and the angle of the incisions to the longitudinal axis of the protective tape can be varied as desired and adapted to the contour. The incisions ensure that the folding of the protective tape in the areas in which the form-fitting spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties or the contoured padding according to the invention, a combination of at least one shape-adapted spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties and at least one Part of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials comprises, has narrow radii, reduced or prevented. This makes it possible even with tight radii an extremely good connection of the protective tape to the form-fitting spacer fabric (s) according to the invention with permanent return properties or the contoured padding, which is a combination of at least one shape-matched spacer fabric (s) with permanent return properties and at least one part made of foam (s) and / or other solid or resilient optionally viscoelastic materials, to ensure that with tight radii parts of the protective tape can overlap thanks to the incisions.

Description of the drawings:

The 1 to 3 are schematic representations of exemplary embodiments of the structures of the bases.

1 shows a textile fabric with an open structure, which can serve as a base. The usable as a base textile fabric is not interrupted in this case and has honeycomb-shaped openings.

2 also shows a textile fabric with an open structure, which can serve as a base. The usable as a base textile fabric is not interrupted in this case and has mostly almost elliptical openings. Wavy webs extend between these openings and are connected by four threads before and after each opening.

Both Textile knitting allow in case of their use as Base surfaces a certain subsidence for example one on the surface resting body part. That can possibly contribute to the optimization of comfort.

3 shows a plan view of a section of a shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties. The dark areas are parts of the underlying ground surface, which are visible through a multitude of interruptions in the overhead ground area. The bases are different. The overhead base has an open and net-like structure with different sized square openings. The underlying base is designed throughout and has a closed structure weitestge base without openings. In addition, the spacer fabric may also have a plurality of joints that facilitate bending and / or buckling. In addition, the interruptions in the overhead surface still facilitate bending and / or buckling along the joints. Such a configuration, in which one of the two base surfaces has interruptions, makes it possible, for example, to change the dimensional stability of the spacer fabric specifically in the areas of the interruptions, and also allows easy curling of the shape-matched spacer fabric with permanent return properties.

The 4 to 7 provide exemplary parallel to the manufacturing direction possible cross sections of in 3 Illustrated part of a forman fitted spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties.

In 4 For example, a guide of the spacer threads is shown, in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is guided through the base surfaces and integrated into the base surfaces so that it describes within a repeat a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the sign V.

In 5 For example, a guide of the spacer threads is shown in which each spacer thread of the spacer knitted fabric is guided through the base areas and integrated into the base areas so that within a repeat it describes a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the symbol I.

In 6 For example, a guide of the spacer threads is shown, in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is guided through the bases and so integrated into the bases that he describes within half of a repeat a curve in a shape that can be approximately described by the string IXI. In this case, the shape-matched spacer knitted fabric having durable rebound properties also has a plurality of joints in the direction of manufacture. In the area of the joints, the number of spacer threads is reduced to zero. Such a configuration of the spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties makes it possible, for example, to modify the dimensional stability and the strength of the shape-matched spacer knit fabric with permanent return properties in the areas of the joints in a targeted manner, and also enables the form-fitting knitted spacer knit fabric to be easily rolled up with lasting return properties.

In 7 For example, a guide of the spacer threads is shown, in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is guided through the bases and so incorporated into the bases that within a repeat describes a curve in a shape that can be approximately described by the character X. In this case, the shape-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties also in the manufacturing direction on a plurality of joints. In the area of the joints, the number of spacer threads has been reduced to zero.

The 8th to 10 FIG. 4 schematically illustrates exemplary corner views of the conformed spacer fabric having durable hemming features having two base surfaces with a closed structure.

8th FIG. 12 illustrates a corner view of a spacer fabric in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is passed through the bases and incorporated into the bases so as to describe within a repeat both in the direction of manufacture and across a curve in a shape approximated by the string IXI can be described. The angle of the intersecting spacer threads in the direction of manufacture and across is different.

9 FIG. 12 illustrates a corner view of a spacer fabric in which each spacer thread of the spacer fabric is passed through the bases and bonded to the bases so as to describe, within a repeat, both in the direction of manufacture a curve in a shape approximated by the character string IXI transverse to the direction of manufacture however, can be described by the character I.

10 represents a corner view of a spacer knit fabric in which each spacer thread of the spacer knitted fabric is guided through the base surfaces and integrated into the base surfaces so that it describes a curve in the same direction in the direction of manufacture in a shape that can be approximately described by the character X, However, transversely to the manufacturing direction by the character I can be described.

Examples:

• 1) In a particular embodiment of the conformed spacer fabric of the present invention having durable rebound properties, a spacer fabric of between 0 and 50 mm thick having durable return properties comprising polyester yarns having a thickness of between 0.15 and 0.25 mm at 8 to 18 courses per cm and a guide the spacer threads within a repeat describing a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the character string IXI, wherein the spacer threads intersect at an angle between 30 and 60 ° C, by hot deformation to the shape of the seat surface and be adapted to the backrest of a specially shaped bucket seat. The number of spacer threads, which results from the number of courses per centimeter, can be varied in 5 ranges by 5 areas with different properties and in particular different compression hardnesses of 40 N ± 10 N at about 38 spacer threads per square centimeter, 60 N + 10 N at about 47 pitch threads per square centimeter, 90 N ± 10 N at about 57 pitch threads per square centimeter, and 200 N ± 10 N at about 85 pitch threads per square centimeter. Although 2 of the areas the same upsetting hardness or the same number of spacer threads, each area differs in terms of the number of spacer threads per square centimeter of at least one adjacent area. However, the thickness of the spacer threads and the angle at which the spacer threads intersect may also be alternatively or alternatively additionally varied to obtain different regions having different properties, in particular different compression hardnesses. In addition, the form-fitting spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties as a shell can comprise, for example, a suitable woven, knitted or knitted fabric. The sheath may also comprise a combination of identical or different parts, which by sewing, stitching, gluing or otherwise, for example by rice or Velcro closures or by snaps with each other edge to edge, over the entire surface, selectively or in areas of 10 square centimeters to 1000 square centimeters with each other can be connected.
• 2) In a further particular embodiment of the erfindungsgenässten conformed Abstandgewirke with permanent return characteristics can be 1 to 4 between 1.5 and 5.5 cm thick spacer knitted fabric with durable Return properties, which polyester threads with a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm for 8 to 18 courses per cm and a guide of the spacer threads within a rapport that describes a curve in a shape that be described approximately by the string IXI can, wherein the spacer threads are at an angle between 30 and 60 ° cross, with each other with a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, glued selectively or at the edge and by hot deformation into the mold a rectangular cushion in which the middle part is thicker than the Edge is to be brought. The number of spacer threads, which can result from the number of courses per centimeter It can be varied in 5 areas by 5 areas with different Properties and in particular different compression hardnesses of 40 N ± 10 N at about 38 spacer threads per Square centimeter, 60 N ± 10 N with approximately 47 spacer threads per square centimeter, 90 N + 10 N at about 57 spacer threads per square centimeter and 200 N ± 10 N with about 85 spacer threads per square centimeter. Although 2 of the areas have the same compression hardness or the same number of spacer threads per Square centimeters, each area differs in terms of Number of spacer threads per square centimeter of at least an adjacent area. The thickness of the spacer threads and the angle at which the spacer threads can intersect however, it also varies alternatively or additionally be different areas with different properties in particular to obtain different compression hardnesses. About that In addition, the invention can be adapted Spacer knit with durable return properties as an envelope, for example, a matching matching fabric, Include knitted or knitted fabric. The case can also be a combination include the same or different parts, which by sewing, Quilting, gluing or in another way, for example by rice or Velcro closures or by snaps together edge-to-edge, full-surface, punctiform or in sections of area from 10 square centimeters to 1000 square centimeters can be.
• 3) In a further particular embodiment of the shape-matched spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties 1 to 4 between 1.5 and 5.5 cm thick spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, which polyester threads with a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm at 8 bis 18 courses per cm and a guide of the spacer threads within a repeat, which describes a curve in a shape which can be approximately described by the string IXI, wherein the spacer threads intersect at an angle between 30 and 60 ° C, with each other a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, selectively or glued to the edge and glued on a piece of foam also with a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, selectively or at the edge and by hot forming into the shape of a rectangular cushion, in which the middle part is thicker than the edge is to be brought. Alternatively, the spacer fabrics having durable rebound properties prior to hot working may also be adhered to both sides of the foam member. The number of spacer threads, which results from the number of rows per centimeter, can be varied in 5 areas to 5 areas with different properties and in particular different compression hardening of 40 N ± 10 N at about 38 spacer threads per square centimeter, 60 N ± 10 N at about 47 pitch threads per square centimeter, 90 N ± 10 N at about 57 pitch threads per square centimeter, and 200 N ± 10 N at about 85 pitch threads per square centimeter. Although two of the regions have the same compression hardness or the same number of spacer threads per square centimeter, each region differs in at least one adjacent region with respect to the number of spacer threads per square centimeter. However, the thickness of the spacer threads and the angle at which the spacer threads intersect may also be alternatively or additionally varied to vary To obtain areas with different properties, in particular different compression hardnesses. In addition, the form-fitting spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return properties as a shell can comprise, for example, a suitable woven, knitted or knitted fabric. The sheath may also comprise a combination of identical or different parts, which by sewing, stitching, gluing or otherwise, for example by rice or Velcro closures or by snaps with each other edge to edge, over the entire surface, selectively or in areas of 10 square centimeters to 1000 square centimeters with each other can be connected.
• 4) In a further particular embodiment of the Form-adapted spacer fabric according to the invention with permanent return characteristics 1 to 4 between 1.5 and 5.5 cm thick spacer knitted fabric with durable Return properties, which polyester threads with a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm for 8 to 18 courses per cm and a guide of the spacer threads within a rapport that describes a curve in a shape that be described approximately by the string IXI can, wherein the spacer threads are at an angle between 30 and 60 ° C, have, with each other with a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, glued selectively or at the edge and with a designed as a frame Part of foam also with a hot-melt adhesive over the entire surface, glued selectively or at the edge and by hot deformation into the mold an ellipsoidal padding, in which the middle part is thicker than the Edge is to be brought. The part of foam which as Frame is designed to allow contouring does not have to fit exactly, because the part of foam, which is designed as a frame, possible manufacturing tolerances or other inaccuracies can be compensated in which it may have something more or less compressed. In addition, the contouring takes place preferably such that the contoured part is a little too big and the part of foam which is designed as a frame slightly compressed. This allows the user through the part made of foam, which is designed as a frame, in front of the the one needed to reach the ellipsoidal shape Contouring separated and / or from one of the bases dissolved spacer threads and / or monofilaments outgoing impairments to a certain extent be protected without trimming, as well the compressed part of foam, which designed as a frame is, partially over the edge region of the spacer knitted fabric and thus an advance of the severed and / or of one the base surfaces dissolved spacer threads and / or Monofilaments largely prevented up to the user. The number the spacers, resulting from the number of courses per centimeter can be varied in 5 areas around 5 areas with different characteristics and in particular different compression hardnesses of 40 N ± 10 N at about 38 pitch threads per square centimeter, 60 N ± 10 N at about 47 pitch threads per square centimeter, 90 N ± 10 N at about 57 pitch threads per square centimeter and 200 N ± 10 N at about 85 pitch threads per square centimeter to obtain. Although 2 of the areas have the same compression hardness or the same number of spacer threads per Square centimeters, each area differs in terms of the number of spacer threads per square centimeter of at least one adjacent area. The thickness of the props threads and the angle at which the spacer threads can intersect however, it also varies alternatively or additionally be different areas with different properties in particular to obtain different compression hardnesses. In addition, the inventive Form-adapted spacer knitted fabric with durable return characteristics as a shell, for example, a matching fabric, knitted or Include knitwear. The shell can also be a combination of the same or different parts which, by sewing, Quilting, gluing or in another way, for example through rice or Velcro or by snaps together edge-to-edge, full-surface, punctiform or in sections of area from 10 square centimeters to 1000 square centimeters can be connected.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - US 5385036 [0005]
• - DE 10026405 A1 [0006, 0059]
• - DE 10240462 [0009]
• - DE 10013492 [0011]

Cited non-patent literature

• - DIN 53579, Part 1 [0026]

Claims (32)

A shape-matched spacer knitted fabric with permanent return properties, characterized in that each spacer thread of the spacer knitted fabric is guided through the base surfaces and integrated into the base surfaces such that it describes within a repeat a curve in a shape approximated by the characters I, X, or V , or by the strings IXI, IVI, VXV, VXI or IXV is writable, the spacer knitted fabric is brought by heat permanently in a desired shape largely corresponding form. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to claim 1, characterized in that each spacer thread of the spacer knit so passed through the bases and so embedded in the footprint is that he is within a rapport describes a curve in a shape that approximates is describable by the strings IXI. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the leadership of Spacer threads within a repeat in the direction of manufacture or varied across it. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized that the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, vary in the direction of manufacture or across. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized that the two bases are identical. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized that the bases have a different structure. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized that one of the base areas has interruptions. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized that one of the two bases or both bases continuous in the direction of manufacture or across a different have open or closed structure. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized that the surface bond of the two bases is different. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the surface bond one of the two bases or both bases in the direction of manufacture or transversely varies. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the number of spacer threads in the direction of manufacture or transversely varies. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that there is at least one joint includes. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to claim 12, characterized in that that a joint through one, compared to the directly adjacent Areas of the spacer knitted fabric, reduced to zero number of Spacer threads in a certain area of the spacer knitted fabric is formed. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the number of spacer threads progressively to the places and in the places that are deformed, is reduced to zero. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the thread material in the direction of manufacture or varied across it. Form-adapted spacer fabric with durable return properties according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized that the thread material is a thermoplastic thread material. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the thread material antibacterial or having an antibacterial coating. Form-adapted spacer fabric with permanent return properties according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the thread material is moisture absorbent or has a moisture absorbing coating. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the thread material is hydrophobic or has a hydrophobic coating. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the spacer knitted fabric multilayer is. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to claim 20, characterized that a multi-ply spacer knit together at least two connected single-ply spacer knitted fabric. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to Claim 21, characterized that the interconnected single-ply spacer knitted fabric in relation to the thickness, the angle at which the spacer threads intersect and / or converge, the surface bonding of the bases, the used thread material, the structure of the bases and / or the number of spacer threads, in particular the number of Spacer threads per square centimeter, in whole or in Parts are different. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 22, characterized in that it comprises at least one sensor includes. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the at least one sensor connected to at least one data processing unit. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the data processing unit the data transmitted by the at least one sensor at certain intervals with one or more setpoints compares. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to Claim 25, characterized that if a deviation of the measured value or the measured Values to the setpoint or setpoints is detected, a Action is caused by the data processing unit. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to Claim 26, characterized that the extent of the action depends on the determined Extent of deviation of the measured value or the measured values is varied to the desired value or the desired values. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to claim 26 or 27, characterized characterized in that the extent of the data processing unit triggered action in stages or continuously increased or is reduced as the deviation increases or decreases. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the thickness of the thread material varied. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 23 to 29, characterized in that by means of at least one Sensors trigger a visual or auditory alarm or at least one fan switchable or at least one Pump is activated. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 23 to 30, characterized in that by means of at least one Sensors temperature, humidity or concentration of a certain substance in the form-fitting spacer knitted fabric is. Molded spacer fabric with durable Return characteristics according to one of the claims 1 to 31, characterized in that the spacer knitted fabric at least a part of foam and / or a fixed or resilient includes viscoelastic substance.