EP1906090A2 - Installation de nettoyage des gaz d'échappement dotée d'un filtre à poussière fine pour installations de chauffage à biomasse - Google Patents

Installation de nettoyage des gaz d'échappement dotée d'un filtre à poussière fine pour installations de chauffage à biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1906090A2
EP1906090A2 EP07018217A EP07018217A EP1906090A2 EP 1906090 A2 EP1906090 A2 EP 1906090A2 EP 07018217 A EP07018217 A EP 07018217A EP 07018217 A EP07018217 A EP 07018217A EP 1906090 A2 EP1906090 A2 EP 1906090A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
exhaust gas
unit
emission control
control system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07018217A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1906090A3 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Dr. Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1906090A2 publication Critical patent/EP1906090A2/fr
Publication of EP1906090A3 publication Critical patent/EP1906090A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/103—Intercepting solids by filters ultrafine [HEPA]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/104—High temperature resistant (ceramic) type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an emission control system for coupling to heating systems according to the preamble of claim 1 and a heating system according to claim 9.
  • an emission control system which is used for biomass heating systems to reduce particulate matter emission.
  • the device described therein can be installed in a flue gas channel and for this purpose has a lid which can be placed gas-tight on an associated opening on a flue gas channel.
  • a spray electrode for example in the form of a tensioned rod, is held over an insulating holder.
  • a high-voltage transformer with rectifier function allows the construction of a high DC voltage between the wire and the lid, which is electrically connected to the furnace tube, so that it acts as a collector electrode.
  • the high voltage supply line is often contaminated by the particulate matter emission, which can lead to failure of the exhaust gas purification device.
  • the advantage of low energy consumption in such heating systems is at least partially offset by the increased energy consumption of this filter.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved emission control system especially for non-atmospheric, particulate matter emitting biomass heating systems, in which contamination by particulate matter is largely avoided, and in which any contamination by particulate matter is recognizable. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a heating system comprising a heating system and an exhaust gas purification system.
  • the exhaust gas purification system for coupling to heating systems, in particular for particulate matter emitting heating systems such as biomass heating systems, for exhaust gas purification of exhaust gases of the heating system, characterized in that it comprises: a connected via a connection unit with the heating system coupled, can be flowed through by the exhaust filter unit with an inlet for flowing the unpurified exhaust gas into the filter unit and an outlet for discharging the purified exhaust gas, wherein the filter unit is formed as a tubular, particulate matter particulate filter, the high voltage free means for detecting a clogging and / or for long-term function maintenance by reducing the clogging of the filter.
  • the emission control system is preferably designed for connection or coupling to particulate matter emitting heating systems such as biomass heating systems.
  • the emission control system has a filter unit through which the exhaust gas can flow.
  • the filter unit is tubular, wherein the exhaust gas to be cleaned flows through the interior of the tube.
  • the filter unit is designed as a particulate matter filtering particulate filter.
  • the particle filter is designed so that in the tubular shape, which is traversed by the exhaust gas, acting as a sieve or filter walls are formed. Preferably, these walls are formed so that they form substantially in the flow direction extending channels, which are closed at one end, so that the flowing exhaust gas is forced through the porous wall.
  • the particle filter has high-voltage-free means which detect possible clogging by the exhaust gas impurities and / or prevent such clogging. This offers the advantage that less energy is required than filters with high-voltage means. In addition, such a particulate filter is less susceptible to interference and also operational if no high voltage is present.
  • limit values of 30-35 mg / m 3 for particulate matter or less are also achievable.
  • the means for long-term function maintenance is designed as a suitable filter material, which is arranged in the tubular particle filter.
  • the material is selected so that the impurities can not or hardly penetrate the material. Further, the material is formed so that the impurities do not adhere well or not well to the material, so as to complicate clogging.
  • the filter material is formed as a porous ceramic material, wherein the pores may be formed in the manner of a through hole and / or in the manner of a blind hole.
  • the filter material is a foam ceramic.
  • the ceramic foam is designed as an open-pored, high-temperature-resistant foam ceramic.
  • the foamed ceramic has a predetermined porosity and a predetermined pore size.
  • the porosity of the foamed ceramic in a preferred embodiment is about 90% of the free volume. This offers the advantage that the open-cell foam ceramic has a very high retention volume for fine dust. Due to this high retention volume only a rare filter change due to clogging is required, for example about once or twice a year.
  • the foamed ceramic also has the advantage that it can be adjusted via the porosity so that they have an optimum between filtration efficiency at very slow flow rate of the exhaust gas and pressure drop has. This is not possible with conventional filters, in particular from fine-pored extruded honeycomb bodies of particle filters for diesel vehicles.
  • a corresponding fine structuring of the foamed ceramic must be carried out.
  • the flow rate and the pressure difference of the flowing exhaust gas can be influenced.
  • the flow-through length can be used to influence the residence time of the dust particles and the separation efficiency.
  • the means for detecting a clogging is designed as a control unit with a sensor device which detects a clogging in the tubular particle filter.
  • the clogging state of the particulate filter can be surely detected and monitored, whereby clogging failure can be prevented by timely detection and cleaning or replacement of the (particulate) filter.
  • the operation of the means for detection is the following.
  • the flow resistance of the exhaust gas is detected.
  • the filter begins to become clogged by dust or dirt
  • the flow resistance of the exhaust gas increases. This can be done for example via a measurement of a pressure drop in the filter. If a value is determined for a flow resistance which is above a predetermined limit value, then a signal is generated in accordance with it, such as an optical or acoustic signal, which signals that the filter must be cleaned and / or replaced.
  • the sensor device comprises at least one sensor for detecting an increasing flow resistance in the tubular filter.
  • the means for long-term functional maintenance comprise at least one combustion unit for combustion of at least part of the addition of the tubular filter.
  • This combustion unit generates a combustion, in which the oxidisable fraction of the fine dust, preferably the oxidisable carbon content of the fine dust, is burnt. This reduces the amount of contamination that can clog the filter, thus extending the life of a filter.
  • the combustion can take place both during rest periods of the filter unit and during operation.
  • the functionality of the agent is the following:
  • the exhaust gas flow is conveyed to the filter unit at approx. 190 ° C via a blower.
  • the blower promotes the exhaust gas with a reduced flow rate.
  • the reduced delivery rate is preferably in a range of 3 - 4 m 3 / h.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas flow is now increased.
  • the elevated temperature is in a range at which the oxidizable portion of the particulate matter ignites, preferably above 600 ° C.
  • the oxidizable particulate matter particles burn. If essentially all oxidisable fine dust particles are burnt, the combustion unit switches off and the blower delivers with normal delivery rate.
  • the end of this above-described burnup can be detected by measuring the pressure difference.
  • a regeneration time of a few minutes, preferably from five to ten minutes before normal operation of the filter unit is maintained after combustion.
  • the combustion unit is designed as an electric resistance heater connected upstream of the tubular filter. With this resistance heater, the exhaust gas can be easily brought to a corresponding combustion temperature.
  • the invention provides a heating system for generating energy by means of combustion of an energy source such as biomass, comprising a particulate matter emitting heating system such as a biomass heating system for burning the energy source, containing particulate matter exhaust gases, and coupled with the heating system according to the invention emission control system.
  • the heating system is constructed as follows.
  • a heating system preferably a biomass heating system such as a pellet heating burns a fuel (biomass). About a fan, the combustion air or the exhaust gas is supplied at about 190 ° C through an exhaust pipe of the emission control system.
  • the emission control system has a filter unit and a corresponding sensor with sensors and control circuit. The exhaust gas is passed through the filter unit, whose operation is described above, and leaves clean the filter unit. The purified exhaust gas is then released to the environment via a chimney.
  • the heating system may have a heat exchanger, which is connected downstream of the filter unit.
  • This heat exchanger which is preferably water-cooled, lowers the exhaust gas temperature of the exhaust gas, in particular after combustion of the oxidizable particulate matter.
  • the heat emitted by the exhaust gas can be used for the heating system.
  • the fan of the filter unit can be connected downstream, for example in the form of a controllable induced draft fan. This can then be operated, equipped or retrofitted with atmospheric, ie fanless biomass heating systems with the emission control system according to the invention or the filter unit according to the invention.
  • the heating system 1 shows schematically a structure of a heating system 1 according to the invention.
  • the heating system 1 comprises a heating installation 2 for burning biomass, whereby an exhaust gas or combustion gas is produced which contains fine dust.
  • the illustrated Heating system 2 is designed as a pellet stove.
  • the exhaust gas from the stove flows into a coupled with the heating system 2 emission control system 3, in which the exhaust gases are cleaned of dirt such as dust or dirt.
  • the exhaust gas purification system 3 comprises a filter unit 4.
  • the filter unit 4 is tubular and is flowed through by the exhaust gas.
  • a particle filter 5, which is shown schematically as a square in FIG. 1, is formed in the filter unit 4.
  • the particle filter 5 is designed as a particulate matter filtering particulate filter. This particle filter 5 is formed of a foamed ceramic.
  • the filter unit 4 comprises a control unit with a sensor device 6.
  • the sensor device 6 detects values which are relevant for detecting a clogging of the filter unit 4 via at least one sensor. These values are, for example, the pressure drop, the flow resistance, and the like.
  • the filter unit 3 has a combustion unit 7 formed as a resistance heater. With this, the exhaust gas temperature is increased so far that at least a portion of the particulate matter, in particular an oxidizable part of the particulate matter burns.
  • a heat exchanger 8 Downstream of the filter unit 3 is a heat exchanger 8.
  • the exhaust gas temperature can be lowered and the heat released by the exhaust gas can be utilized. After the exhaust gas has passed through the heat exchanger 8, this is discharged via a chimney 9 to the environment.
  • FIG. 2a and 2b schematically show two views of a filter unit 3, more precisely a particle filter 4, once in a longitudinal section and once in a plan view.
  • the particulate filter 5 can be seen in a longitudinal section.
  • the particle filter 5 has a tubular shape, wherein in the tube walls 5a are formed of a foamed ceramic material.
  • the walls 5a form channels 5b, which are closed by a bottom 5c, so that the inflowing exhaust gas is forced through the porous wall 5a. This is indicated schematically by the arrows.
  • Fig. 2b shows the particulate filter 5 in a plan view.
  • the channels 5b, 5b ' are annular and formed concentrically around a central axis of the tubular particle filter 5.
  • the bottom 5c ' obscures in the representation the channel 5b' arranged behind it.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
EP07018217.5A 2006-09-26 2007-09-15 Installation de nettoyage des gaz d'échappement dotée d'un filtre à poussière fine pour installations de chauffage à biomasse Withdrawn EP1906090A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610045363 DE102006045363B3 (de) 2006-09-26 2006-09-26 Abgasreinigungsanlage mit Feinstaubfilter für Biomasse-Heizanlagen und Heizungssystem

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1906090A2 true EP1906090A2 (fr) 2008-04-02
EP1906090A3 EP1906090A3 (fr) 2014-02-12

Family

ID=38729022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07018217.5A Withdrawn EP1906090A3 (fr) 2006-09-26 2007-09-15 Installation de nettoyage des gaz d'échappement dotée d'un filtre à poussière fine pour installations de chauffage à biomasse

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1906090A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006045363B3 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2001058C2 (nl) * 2007-12-05 2009-06-08 D & J Holding B V Haard en werkwijze voor het reinigen van verbrandingsgassen van een haard.
WO2011095845A1 (fr) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-11 Densworth Limited Améliorations apportées à la récupération de chaleur dans un système de chauffage domestique
ITMI20100905A1 (it) * 2010-05-20 2011-11-21 Angelo Pagani Dispositivo perfezionato di scarico, particolarmente per impianti fissi a combustione, quali caldaie, generatori e motori in genere.
CN111298582A (zh) * 2020-03-30 2020-06-19 黑龙江赫尔特生物质能源发展有限公司 用生物质净化含尘烟气的方法和装置
CN113975952A (zh) * 2021-10-11 2022-01-28 黄山容宇五金制品有限公司 一种生物质颗粒燃烧用废气循环净化设备

Citations (3)

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DE19627028A1 (de) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-08 Siemens Ag Rauchgasfilteranlage für Kleinfeuerungen
US6237587B1 (en) * 1999-08-05 2001-05-29 Temeku Technologies Inc. Woodburning fireplace exhaust catalytic cleaner
EP1353125A1 (fr) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Appareil et méthode pour traiter les fumées de foyers à combustible solide

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CH695113A5 (de) * 2000-10-02 2005-12-15 Empa Vorrichtung zur Rauchgasreinigung an Kleinfeuerungen.
ITMI20032179A1 (it) * 2003-11-12 2005-05-13 Kleen Up S R L Processo di post-combustione per l'eliminazione degli inquinanti nocivi dei motori diesel e benzina e piu'in generale di tutti i motori che funzionano avendo come combustibile idrocarburi e/o idrocarburi compositi, basato sull'utilizzo di laser pulsa

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19627028A1 (de) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-08 Siemens Ag Rauchgasfilteranlage für Kleinfeuerungen
US6237587B1 (en) * 1999-08-05 2001-05-29 Temeku Technologies Inc. Woodburning fireplace exhaust catalytic cleaner
EP1353125A1 (fr) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Appareil et méthode pour traiter les fumées de foyers à combustible solide

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2001058C2 (nl) * 2007-12-05 2009-06-08 D & J Holding B V Haard en werkwijze voor het reinigen van verbrandingsgassen van een haard.
WO2011095845A1 (fr) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-11 Densworth Limited Améliorations apportées à la récupération de chaleur dans un système de chauffage domestique
ITMI20100905A1 (it) * 2010-05-20 2011-11-21 Angelo Pagani Dispositivo perfezionato di scarico, particolarmente per impianti fissi a combustione, quali caldaie, generatori e motori in genere.
CN111298582A (zh) * 2020-03-30 2020-06-19 黑龙江赫尔特生物质能源发展有限公司 用生物质净化含尘烟气的方法和装置
CN113975952A (zh) * 2021-10-11 2022-01-28 黄山容宇五金制品有限公司 一种生物质颗粒燃烧用废气循环净化设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006045363B3 (de) 2008-04-30
EP1906090A3 (fr) 2014-02-12

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