EP1899669B1 - Plattenwärmetauscher mit durch eine austauschstruktur erfolgender formung mehrerer kanäle in einer passage - Google Patents

Plattenwärmetauscher mit durch eine austauschstruktur erfolgender formung mehrerer kanäle in einer passage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1899669B1
EP1899669B1 EP06778947.9A EP06778947A EP1899669B1 EP 1899669 B1 EP1899669 B1 EP 1899669B1 EP 06778947 A EP06778947 A EP 06778947A EP 1899669 B1 EP1899669 B1 EP 1899669B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
passage
channels
channel
wave
exchange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06778947.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1899669A2 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Crayssac
Sophie Deschodt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1899669A2 publication Critical patent/EP1899669A2/de
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Publication of EP1899669B1 publication Critical patent/EP1899669B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04975—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the air fractionation unit, e.g. transportable devices by truck or small scale use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/20—Particular dimensions; Small scale or microdevices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2260/00—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures
    • F28F2260/02—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures having microchannels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cryogenic separation apparatus comprising at least one plate and fin heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • FR 2 789 165 describes such an apparatus.
  • plate and fin heat exchangers there are different types of plate and fin heat exchangers, each adapted to a field of use.
  • the invention is advantageously applied to a heat exchanger of an air separation unit or H 2 / CO (hydrogen / carbon monoxide) mixtures by cryogenic distillation.
  • This exchanger can be a main exchange line of an air separation apparatus, which cools the incoming air by indirect heat exchange with the cold products from the distillation column, a subcooler or a vaporizer / condenser.
  • exchangers consist of plates between which are inserted waves or fins, thus forming a stack of so-called “cold” passages and so-called “hot” passages.
  • Commonly used exchange waves are straight waves, perforated waves, and partial offset or "serrated” waves.
  • the hydraulic diameters (Dh) of the waves conventionally used in soldered plate and fin exchangers are between 1 and 6 mm. These exchange waves are currently formed using a press.
  • the exchange surface that separates two fluids consists of a so-called “primary” surface corresponding to the flat surface between the two fluids and a so-called “secondary” surface generally consisting of fins perpendicular to the primary surface and forming thus an exchange wave. It is the number of inserted fins (density of the wave) and the height of the fins which create the increase of the exchange surface.
  • the denser the wave the larger the exchange surface.
  • the press tool used to manufacture the wave makes it possible to obtain maximum densities of 1023 to 1102 waves per meter.
  • the density of the selected wave may be smaller when it is preferable to limit the pressure drops.
  • safety constraints limit the number of waves per meter to values well below the maximum values that can be manufactured.
  • the fins have a temperature gradient. Beyond a certain height of fin (wave), the area in the middle of the fin exchange significantly less well. There is therefore an optimum wave height corresponding to an optimum fin coefficient value.
  • the wavelengths commonly used vary from 3 to 10 mm.
  • This turbulence can be generated by a modification of the shape of the channels or by the insertion of obstacles generating turbulence (ex: perforated straight wave, partial offset or "serrated”, with sinuous generators or “herringbone”, with shutters, insertion of mini-fins, windows, ).
  • nucleation sites are micro-cavities of various sizes and shapes (re-entrant cavities) present on the surface or through a porous layer.
  • micro-exchangers Recently there appeared a type of exchangers called micro-exchangers.
  • EP-A-1008826 describes a plate heat exchanger with at least one of the passages containing closed tube-shaped auxiliary passages, the maximum width of which is greater than 50% of the distance between two adjacent plates.
  • the exchangers can only be improved by increasing the exchange coefficient (k) and / or by increasing the exchange surface (S).
  • micro-channel type technology is very expensive (micro-machining of the channels) and remains today reserved for exchangers of very small size: it does not concern today the applications, such as the separation of air in which the flow rate and the difference in temperature are important.
  • the proposed solution aims to increase the exchange surface by incorporating the already existing surfaces (called “primary” and “secondary”) a third exchange surface called “tertiary” surface.
  • each channel is in contact with at least three other channels or a plate and two other channels.
  • the plate may be a plate defining a passage or a secondary plate located in the passage.
  • a cryogenic separation apparatus comprising at least one exchanger as described above.
  • an air separation apparatus in which a main exchange line and / or a vaporizer-condenser and / or a subcooler is an exchanger as described above. .
  • the heat exchanger 1 shown consists of a stack of parallel rectangular plates 2 all identical, which define between them a plurality of passages for fluids to put in indirect heat exchange relationship.
  • these passages are successively and cyclically passages 3 for a first fluid, 4 for a second fluid and 5 for a third fluid. It will be understood that the invention covers two-fluid exchangers only or any number of fluids.
  • Each passage 3 to 5 is bordered by closing bars 6 which delimit it leaving free windows 7 input / output of the corresponding fluid.
  • wave-waves or corrugated fins 8 serving both thermal fins, spacers between the plates, especially during brazing and to prevent any deformation of the plates during the implementation of fluids under pressure and guiding the flow of fluids.
  • the stack of plates, closing bars and wave-spacers is generally made of aluminum or aluminum alloy and is assembled in a single operation by soldering in the oven.
  • Fluid inlet / outlet boxes 9, of generally semi-cylindrical shape, are then welded to the exchanger body thus produced so as to cover the rows of corresponding inlet / outlet windows, and they are connected to conduits 10 for supplying and evacuating fluids.
  • the channels can be formed using various techniques, as described in Anton GRUSS's "Micro heat exchangers" in Techniques de l'In deepur, 06-2002.
  • the solution of the Figure 3B consists in replacing the exchange wave conventionally used of the Figure 3A by several exchange waves 13 of the same type but of smaller wavelength. These new waves inserted in the same passage of the exchanger are assembled using thin sheets covered with solder 13. These sheets called “tertiary surface sheet” constitute the added surface called “tertiary”. In the example there are two sheets separating three waves.
  • the hydraulic diameters are of the order of magnitude of the channel width of a conventional wave (1 / n-e).
  • the increase in the number of waves to be stacked in the exchanger causes an increase in the manufacturing cost thereof.
  • the installation cost remains the same.
  • the solution of the Figure 4B consists in replacing the exchange wave conventionally used of the Figure 4A by a structured wave 17 comprising numerous mini-channels 19 with a square section. This wave can be manufactured by extrusion.
  • the extrusion manufacturing method makes it possible to imagine any type of channel section shape (rectangular, triangular, round, rhombic, ).
  • the Figure 4C shows channels of triangular section.
  • the main parameters are the height of the passage, the number of channels per passage height, the number of channels per meter of passage width and all the parameters which concern the geometric shape of the channels used (height, width, diameter of the channel ,. ..).
  • This method of manufacture also allows the possibility of inserting micro or mini fins inside the channels to further increase the exchange surface and / or drain a liquid.
  • the length of the channels can be divided into several extruded wave modules spaced a few millimeters apart to allow inter-channel communication.
  • the solution of the Figure 5B consists in replacing the exchange wave conventionally used of the Figure 5A by an adequate number of capillary tubes.
  • the arrangement of the capillary tubes is easily arranged because of their shape.
  • the capillary tubes are covered with solder to ensure the mechanical assembly of the assembly.
  • the adjustable parameters are the height of the passage, the diameter of the capillary tubes, the thickness of the capillary tubes or the number of capillary tubes per m 2 .
  • the diameter of the capillary corresponds to the maximum diameter in order to obtain a gain in exchange surface area compared to the conventional solution, a smaller diameter will give a much greater gain in exchange surface area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Gerät zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung, umfassend wenigstens einen gelöteten Plattenwärmetauscher des Typs umfassend eine Aufschichtung paralleler Platten (2), die eine Vielzahl von Durchlässen (3, 4, 5) allgemein flacher Form für die Zirkulation von Fluid definieren, Verschlussstangen, die diese Durchlässe begrenzen, und Ausgabemittel, um ein Fluid an jeden Durchlass einer ersten Reihe von Durchlässen (3, 5) auszugeben, und Mittel, um ein weiteres Fluid an eine zweite Reihe von Durchlässen (4) zu leiten, wobei wenigstens ein Durchlass (3) wenigstens eine organisierte Austauschstruktur (15, 17, 21) umfasst, die eine Vielzahl von Kanälen (19) in der Breite des Durchlasses bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Kanal (19) in Kontakt ist mit entweder wenigstens zwei weiteren Kanälen oder wenigstens einem weiteren Kanal und einer Platte (2, 13), die auch wenigstens drei Kanäle in der Höhe des Durchlasses bildet, und dergestalt, dass ein Kanal einen hydraulischen Durchmesser von höchstens 1 mm hat und die Kanäle (19) einen kreisförmigen, ovalen, quadratischen, rechteckigen oder rautenförmigen Querschnitt haben.
  2. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Struktur von einer Vielzahl von Zylindern (21) gebildet ist.
  3. Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend im Inneren eines Durchlasses (3) wenigstens eine zweite Platte (13) allgemein flacher Form, die zu den Platten (2), welche die Durchlässe definieren, parallel ist.
  4. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Struktur von einer Übereinanderordnung von Austauschwellen (15) gebildet ist, wobei jedes Paar benachbarter Austauschwellen gegebenenfalls durch eine zweite Platte (13) getrennt ist.
  5. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Struktur von einem einstückigen Körper (17) gebildet ist, der eine Vielzahl von Kanälen (19) umfasst.
  6. Gerät nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, wobei ein Kanal (19) einen hydraulischen Durchmesser zwischen 200 µm und 1 mm hat.
  7. Gerät nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, wobei ein Kanal (19) einen hydraulischen Durchmesser hat, der kleiner als unter 200 µm ist.
  8. Gerät zur Luftzerlegung nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Hauptaustauschleitung und/oder ein Verdampfer-Kondensator und/oder ein Unterkühler ein Tauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 ist.
EP06778947.9A 2005-06-09 2006-06-06 Plattenwärmetauscher mit durch eine austauschstruktur erfolgender formung mehrerer kanäle in einer passage Not-in-force EP1899669B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0551560A FR2887020B1 (fr) 2005-06-09 2005-06-09 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques avec structure d'echange formant plusieurs canaux dans un passage
PCT/FR2006/050600 WO2006131685A2 (fr) 2005-06-09 2006-06-06 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques avec structure d'echange formant plusieurs canaux dans un passage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1899669A2 EP1899669A2 (de) 2008-03-19
EP1899669B1 true EP1899669B1 (de) 2015-08-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06778947.9A Not-in-force EP1899669B1 (de) 2005-06-09 2006-06-06 Plattenwärmetauscher mit durch eine austauschstruktur erfolgender formung mehrerer kanäle in einer passage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20080210415A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1899669B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2008545946A (de)
CN (2) CN101194137B (de)
FR (1) FR2887020B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2006131685A2 (de)

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WO2001027552A1 (en) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-19 Carrier Corporation A plate-type heat exchanger
EP1243886A4 (de) * 1999-12-27 2006-05-03 Sumitomo Prec Products Company Hochtemperaturwärmetauscher mit flacher rippe
FR2819048B1 (fr) * 2000-12-28 2005-08-19 Air Liquide Ailette ondulee pour echangeur de chaleur a plaques brasees et echangeur de chaleur correspondant
JP3961443B2 (ja) * 2003-04-08 2007-08-22 本田技研工業株式会社 蒸発器

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CN101871744A (zh) 2010-10-27
WO2006131685A2 (fr) 2006-12-14
CN101194137A (zh) 2008-06-04
US20120090354A1 (en) 2012-04-19
JP2008545946A (ja) 2008-12-18
EP1899669A2 (de) 2008-03-19
WO2006131685A3 (fr) 2007-05-18
FR2887020B1 (fr) 2007-08-31
FR2887020A1 (fr) 2006-12-15
CN101194137B (zh) 2010-11-24
US20080210415A1 (en) 2008-09-04

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