EP1899642B1 - Method for burning hydrogen and burner therefor - Google Patents

Method for burning hydrogen and burner therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1899642B1
EP1899642B1 EP06762035.1A EP06762035A EP1899642B1 EP 1899642 B1 EP1899642 B1 EP 1899642B1 EP 06762035 A EP06762035 A EP 06762035A EP 1899642 B1 EP1899642 B1 EP 1899642B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
catalyzer
heat exchanger
air
oxidation
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP06762035.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1899642A1 (en
Inventor
Corrado Giacomini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giacomini SpA
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Giacomini SpA
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Publication of EP1899642A1 publication Critical patent/EP1899642A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1899642B1 publication Critical patent/EP1899642B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F23C13/02—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by arrangements for starting the operation, e.g. for heating the catalytic material to operating temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F23C13/08—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by the catalytic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/9901—Combustion process using hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide water or brown gas as fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and burner for burning/oxidating hydrogen on a catalyzer according to the preambles of claims 1 and 4.
  • a burner for burning a hydrogen-air mixture is already known from the document EP 1 179 709 A2 .
  • a primary operating step and related catalyzer are provided, in which a hydrogen/air mixing ratio much larger than its flash point (about 4% by volume of the hydrogen/air mixing ratio) and which can also approach to very dangerous detonation conditions (a hydrogen/air mixing ratio up to 12.5% by volume) is used.
  • Said primary operating step and related catalyzer in addition to requiring a two-stage adjusting system for adjusting the hydrogen flow-rate to the mixing chamber, or a first flow-rate for said primary or pre-burning step and a second flow-rate for the operating burning or combustion operation, represents a self-evident unsafe condition for people, the encompassing environment and the burner itself, and susceptible to damage the catalyzer.
  • the mixing air is supplied through a tangential fan, which must also operate to convey the oxidation hot gases through the heat exchanger to heat the thermal carrier fluid.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a burner according to the preamble of claim 4 are known from WO2005/024301A .
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a method and burner or combustor for burning/oxidating hydrogen which are very simplified and adapted to operate under highly safe conditions.
  • the hydrogen oxidating primary priming step and related catalyzer are eliminated; moreover are also eliminated the two stage adjusting circuit for adjusting the hydrogen flow-rate and any outside energy supply for performing the mentioned primary oxidation step; in addition a hydrogen/air mixture greatly less than 4% by volume, i.e. much smaller than the flash point is used, thereby providing highly safe conditions.
  • the low operating temperature is selected in a range from about 200 to about 560°C, which corresponds to the self-priming or self-igniting hydrogen flame temperature. Said operating temperature being preferably of about 300°C. In this temperature range of ⁇ 650°C, moreover, air nitrogen oxides are prevented from forming, thereby allowing to carry out a "zero emission" burning process. In such a no-flame hydrogen oxidation process, impurities contained in the supplied air, such as powders, are not burned thereby they could clog the catalyzer pores to hinder an efficient operation of the latter and generate unsafe conditions due to the presence of un-oxided hydrogen.
  • the prior fan is replaced by a compressor, operating to purify said feeding air, and adapted to safely provide the required high pressure head to "propel" hot gases from the oxidation process through the heat exchanger, that will be more efficient the more labyrinth passages are performed therein.
  • a compressor operating to purify said feeding air, and adapted to safely provide the required high pressure head to "propel" hot gases from the oxidation process through the heat exchanger, that will be more efficient the more labyrinth passages are performed therein.
  • the burner according to the invention provides a modular unit to be used in any desired numbers for forming a target power boiler, for example of about 30 - 35 kW, as conventionally used in domestic heating applications.
  • the reference number 1 generally shows a burner or combustor for air burning/oxidating hydrogen without flame on a catalyzer 2 to provide "zero emission" heat by operating at low temperatures from about 200 to 560°C, for example about 300°C, under highly safe conditions, with a hydrogen/air mixing ratio much less than 4% by volume, which represents the flash point of this mixture.
  • the catalyzer 2 is designed as a composite catalyzer including a sequence of at least two series catalyzers, of which the first catalyzer 3, at the hydrogen-air mixture inlet side, as indicated by dashed lines, is adapted to prime the hydrogen oxidation without requiring outside power supply means.
  • This self-priming or self-igniting catalyzer 3 comprises, in an exemplary embodiment a monolithic graphite construction using, as oxidating catalyzer elements, palladium (Pd 46) and platinum (Pt 78), and being adapted to prime or ignite the hydrogen oxidation at room air temperature, with the above mentioned hydrogen/air mixing ratio less than 4% by volume.
  • oxidation will continue on the downstream catalyzer 4 arranged in a series relationship with the first, and provided as one or more tandem arranged catalyzers, as shown in dashed lines, so as to provide an overall composite catalyzer 2.
  • the catalyzer/catalyzers 4 is/are constituted, for example, by palladium (Pd 46), platinum (Pt 78) or other suitable metals and alloys thereof on a support, for example alumina, or in a monolithic form, such as small balls, granules and the like.
  • the hydrogen-air mixture is fed by a compressor 6 leading to a mixing chamber 7, to which also leads a low-pressure hydrogen delivery duct, the pressure of which is in a 16 to 25 millibars range, preferably of about 20 millibars.
  • a mixing nozzle 9 and duct 10 the hydrogen-air mixture impinges on the composite catalyzer 2, by flowing, at first, on the self-priming catalyzer 3, at room temperature, and then on the downstream arranged catalyzers 4.
  • the hydrogen oxidation heat is removed by a heat exchanger having substantially the shape of a toroidal jacket 11, therethrough water to be heated is caused to pass; said water coming from an inlet duct 12 and exiting through the outlet 13, where said jacket 11 can also include therein a tube sheet assembly, not shown, for conveying exhaust gases exiting a tube 14, for example, to a first outside air-water exchanger, not shown, for further exploiting the exhaust gas heat.
  • the reference number 16 shows a process water outlet and collecting element, said process water being advantageously re-conveyed to an electrolyzer, not shown, for making hydrogen.
  • water to be heated is supplied through a duct 12A which longitudinally extends in an exchanger 5 in the form of a candle, which in turn longitudinally extends in the hot gas conducting and collecting chamber 15, and the outlet 12 of which communicates with the toroidal jacket or chamber 11, in which said water is caused to pass through a scroll turbulator 18.
  • hot gases are conveyed through the exchanger 5 via a further turbulator 19.
  • said turbulators 18 and 19 a high efficiency gas/water or thermal carrier fluid heat exchange is obtained.
  • the heated water outlet 13 is coupled to the delivery side of a hot water and heating system (for example of a radiating floor type), whereas the inlet duct 12A is coupled to the return side of said system, which preferably contains an accumulating vessel therein.
  • said air is purified by an air purifying device 17 arranged upstream of the compressor 6, and designed for performing, for example filtering, demoistening, oil eliminating operations and so on, while simultaneously removing powder materials, for preventing the composite catalyzer 2 pores from being clogged; thus operating failures of said catalyzer, and a risk of continuously providing a non-oxidated hydrogen flow are also prevented.
  • said compressor will provide the pressure head necessary to efficiently propel the oxidation hot gas through a heat exchanger assembly provided in the jacket 11, thereby improving heat transmission to the thermal carrier fluid, i.e. to water to be heated.
  • the above disclosed burner with it designing exemplary size parameters hereinbelow shown, provide a comparatively low power modular burner, having, for example, a power of about 6 kW, which can be used for making larger power boilers, for example of about 30 - 35 kW, like those which are conventionally used for domestic heating applications.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
EP06762035.1A 2005-06-21 2006-06-13 Method for burning hydrogen and burner therefor Active EP1899642B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000019A ITCO20050019A1 (it) 2005-06-21 2005-06-21 Procedimento e combustore per la combustione di idrogeno
PCT/EP2006/005686 WO2006136316A1 (en) 2005-06-21 2006-06-13 Method for burning hydrogen and burner therefor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1899642A1 EP1899642A1 (en) 2008-03-19
EP1899642B1 true EP1899642B1 (en) 2018-04-25

Family

ID=37036838

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06762035.1A Active EP1899642B1 (en) 2005-06-21 2006-06-13 Method for burning hydrogen and burner therefor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1899642B1 (pt)
DK (1) DK1899642T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2677893T3 (pt)
IT (1) ITCO20050019A1 (pt)
PT (1) PT1899642T (pt)
WO (1) WO2006136316A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2954466B1 (fr) 2009-12-18 2014-08-08 Snecma Echangeur thermique pour pile a combustible chaude
ITCO20100005A1 (it) * 2010-01-27 2011-07-28 Giacomini Spa "combustore per la combustione di idrogeno su un catalizzatore e caldaia per tali combustori"
ITCO20100037A1 (it) 2010-07-26 2012-01-26 Giacomini Spa "sistema di produzione di energia da idrogeno, in particolare per abitazioni"
DE102019121973A1 (de) * 2019-08-15 2021-02-18 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät für ein Gebäude
WO2023148591A2 (en) 2022-02-01 2023-08-10 E.Hy Energy Hydrogen Evolution S.R.L. Hydrogen generator

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3133527A (en) * 1957-12-16 1964-05-19 Heat King Corp Booster heater
US5810577A (en) * 1993-09-06 1998-09-22 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Catalytic burner
WO2002063231A1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2002-08-15 Pursuit Dynamics Plc Spiral flow heat exchanger

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB816935A (en) * 1957-09-18 1959-07-22 Fraser & Fraser Ltd Improvements relating to hot water boilers
US1747771A (en) * 1926-08-23 1930-02-18 Gruetter Theodore William Art of combustion
US2039515A (en) * 1934-05-31 1936-05-05 Ollie L Besinger Boiler
GB730423A (en) * 1952-03-05 1955-05-25 Gensaburo Matsumoto Improvements in or relating to a forced-flow steam or hot-water boiler
JPS57210207A (en) * 1981-06-22 1982-12-23 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind Mounting method for catalyst in catalytic combustion apparatus
DE60115785T2 (de) 2000-08-09 2006-08-24 Calsonic Kansei Corp. Mit Wasserstoffverbrennung betriebene Heizungsanlage
JP2005055098A (ja) * 2003-08-06 2005-03-03 Denso Corp 触媒反応ヒータ
ITMI20031741A1 (it) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-12 Giacomini Spa Procedimento e combustore per la combustione di idrogeno

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3133527A (en) * 1957-12-16 1964-05-19 Heat King Corp Booster heater
US5810577A (en) * 1993-09-06 1998-09-22 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Catalytic burner
WO2002063231A1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2002-08-15 Pursuit Dynamics Plc Spiral flow heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK1899642T3 (en) 2018-07-30
PT1899642T (pt) 2018-07-30
EP1899642A1 (en) 2008-03-19
ES2677893T3 (es) 2018-08-07
ITCO20050019A1 (it) 2006-12-22
WO2006136316A1 (en) 2006-12-28

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