EP1898005B1 - Gabion element for constructing supporting walls or similar - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a stone basket element for erecting retaining walls or the like.

Such stone basket elements are known. For example, goes from the DE 202 13 129 U1 a stone basket for the construction of a noise barrier, having walls of wire mesh, which are interconnected, such that the stone basket has at least a smaller compartment and a larger compartment, the larger compartment is filled with stones and the smaller compartment with noise dam material.

From the DE 86 08 720.7 U1 is a stone basket, especially for supporting and lining walls out, in which the wall parts, the bottom part and the top part of rectangular mats with vertically crossed grid wires. In this case, the grid wires of the mats are bent on all outer walls in each case to eyelets, in which for connecting the mats to a basket connecting rods are inserted, which are also bent at least at one of its two ends to an eyelet.

From the US-A-2005 0286980 a stone basket element is known comprising a rectangular front wall portion, a rectangular rear wall portion and side wall portions surrounding a space into which stones are fillable. The stone basket elements have a rectangular cross-section.

From the WO-A-0040810 a retaining wall emerges, which consists of Steinkorbelementen, which is a rectangular Have cross-section and are juxtaposed with their front and rear wall parts in a straight line.

From the US-A-5,472,297 considered to be the most relevant prior art Stiricorbanordnungen show in which stone basket elements with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in the region of the front and rear wall portion are set together in such a way that result in rectilinear support wall structures. In this case, two adjacent stone basket elements each share a front wall part and a rear wall part.

The object of the present invention is to provide a Steinkorbelement that allows increased flexibility in the creation of mans, walls or the like.

This object is achieved by a Steinkorbelement with the features of claim 1.

The essential advantage of the stone basket element according to the invention is that it is designed so that it can be assembled together with other such stone basket elements to support walls, in particular to embankment walls or the like, such that the walls are very flexible in terms of straight or curved courses can be designed ,

A significant advantage of an embodiment of the present invention is that the stone basket elements have a particularly good stability.

Advantageously, the present Steinkorbelemente are produced in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention inexpensively from standard wire mesh. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the individual stone basket elements are particularly easy to connect to each other.

• Figur 1 ein Steinkorbelement in perspektivischer Darstellung;
• Figur 2 das Steinkorbelement der Figur 1 von oben her gesehen;
• Figur 3a, 3b schematische Darstellungen von beispielhaften Formen von Mauern, die aus mehreren Steinkorbelementen zusammengesetzt sind;
• Figuren 4a, 4b bevorzugte Verbindungsvorrichtungen zur Befestigung benachbarter Steinkorbelemente aneinander; und
• Figuren 5 bis 7 Beispiele für mit den Steinkorbelementen hergestellte Böschungen.

In the following, the inventions and their embodiments are explained in more detail in connection with the figures. Show it:

• FIG. 1 a Steinkorbelement in perspective view;
• FIG. 2 the stone basket element of FIG. 1 seen from above;
• Figure 3a, 3b schematic representations of exemplary forms of walls, which are composed of several Steinkorbelementen;
• FIGS. 4a, 4b preferred connecting devices for fastening adjacent stone basket elements to each other; and
• FIGS. 5 to 7 Examples of embankments made with stone basket elements.

Essentially, a stone basket element 1 according to FIG. 1 from a front wall part 7, a rear wall part 4 extending parallel thereto, right side wall parts 2, 3, left side wall parts 5, 6, a bottom wall part 8, a retaining wall part 9 protruding outwards from the front wall part 7 and at least one, but preferably two, the retaining wall parts 9 with the rear wall part 4 connecting holding rods 10, 11th

It should be noted that in the aforementioned figures, the Steitenwandteile the stone baskets each have the same lengths. However, the present invention relates to stone basket elements according to claim 1, wherein the side wall portions of a side each have different lengths.

Seen in cross section, consisting of the wall parts 2 to 8 Steinkörbelement 1 seen from above ( FIG. 2 ) has a cross section in the shape of an elongated hexagon, wherein the front wall part 7 and the rear wall part 4 are parallel to each other. The right side wall parts 2 and 3 are each formed at an obtuse angle α1, which is preferably about 135 °, to the corresponding outer edges of the front wall part 7 and the rear wall part 4 and connected at an angle α2, which is preferably 90 ° , Accordingly, the left side wall portions 5 and 6 are each connected to an outer edge of the front wall portion 7 and the rear wall portion 4 at the angle α1 and under the Angle α2 connected together. Preferably, the wall parts 4 and 7 have the dimensions 50 or 75 or 100 by 100 cm, the side wall parts 2 and 6 have the dimensions 16 by 50 or 75 or 100 cm, the side wall parts 3 and 5 by the dimensions 23 by 50 or 75 or 100 cm and the retaining wall part 9 approximately the dimensions 70 times 55 to 75 cm.

Each wall part 2 to 8 preferably consists of a grid-shaped wire mesh. Preferably, the side wall parts 2 to 7 are formed from a single lattice wall part by bending the same, wherein the mutually facing end edges of the band-shaped lattice work connected to each other, in particular welded or hooked. Preferably, the individual bars of the wall parts 2 to 8 and the retaining wall part 9 at the respective crossovers are also welded together.

The bottom wall part 8 is preferably formed integrally with the retaining wall part 9, wherein the area forming the bottom wall part 8 preferably extends over the whole or most of the length of the lower edges of the rear wall part 4 and the front wall part 7 and is connected to these edges. The bottom wall part 8 may also cover the entire bottom or base of the Seinkorbelementes.

In the embodiment of the FIG. 5 the integrally formed with the retaining wall part 9 bottom wall part 8 is pivotally connected to its front wall portion 7 facing edge at the lower edge of the front wall portion 7 so that it can be easily pivoted to the space saving and easy handling during transport to the outside of the front wall part 7 ,

The region forming the retaining wall part 9 projects beyond the rear wall part 4 a predetermined length (eg 20 to 50 cm) towards the rear. To stabilize the retaining wall part 9 with the rear wall part 4 with the help of at least one, but preferably with the help of two or more spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the rear wall part 4 and the retaining wall part 9 holding rods 10, eleventh connected. The upper ends of the support rods 10, 11 are preferably attached to the rear wall portion 4 by having their ends bent around a horizontal or vertical grid bar or about a crossing point of bars. Accordingly, the lower ends are preferably connected to the retaining wall parts 9, that their ends are bent around a parallel to the lower edge of the rear wall portion 4 extending bar or around a perpendicular to the lower edge of the rear wall portion 4 extending bar or around a crossing point of bars. The length of the support rods 10, 11 is dimensioned such that the support wall part 9 extends in the plane of the bottom wall part 8 and perpendicular to the plane of the rear wall part 4.

When using the stone basket elements 1, stones (not shown) are introduced from above into the space enclosed by the wall parts 2 to 8. When forming an embankment with the stone basket elements 1, the embankment-forming earth and / or stone material is applied to the side of the embankment to be formed, which faces the rear wall part 4. Due to the fact that this earth and / or stone material rests on the retaining wall parts 9 of the individual stone basket elements 1, the stability of the stone basket elements 1 in addition to the stability caused by the weight of the filled stones is further increased considerably by the weight of the embankment material bearing on the retaining wall parts 9 , It is also conceivable to embed the retaining wall part 9 and / or the bottom wall part 8 in order to increase the stability of the stone basket element 1 even further in a concrete layer 20, like the latter FIG. 6 shows.

The fact that the Steinkorbelemente 1 are configured in the illustrated hexagonal shape, resulting according to the FIGS. 3a, 3b Any options for designing the walls or retaining walls formed from the stone basket elements 1. According to FIG. 3a For example, the stone basket elements 1 can be arranged in a row in a straight line next to one another in order to form a rectilinear retaining wall. In this case, the mutually facing end edges of the respective side wall parts 2, 3 and 5, 6 according to FIG. 4a preferably be connected to each other by two adjacent stone basket elements 1 are pushed into each other in the region of their end edges, so that from above a connecting rod 12 in the overlapping region of the tip portions of the side wall parts 2, 3 and 5, 6 can be inserted and anchored in the ground. Slippage of stone basket elements 1 when filling with stones is prevented.

In the from the FIG. 3b apparent manner, according to FIG. 3a Stone basket elements 1 set against one another are pivoted against one another (eg, around connecting rod 12) to form an arcuate retaining wall.

According to FIG. 4b is a connection of the individual Steinkorbelemente 1 together also possible in that in each tip region of the facing side wall parts 2, 3 and 5, 6, a connecting rod 13, 14 is introduced or taken in the manner described above, in which case the two connecting rods 13, 14 with the help of an enclosing ring member 15 (dotted line) are interconnected. This variant has the advantage that it allows the juxtaposition of two side wall parts 3, 5, as shown in the FIG. 3b is shown on the right.

The stone basket elements 1 resting against one another can in this case extend at an angle α3 of 90 ° to one another.

Preferably, the individual bars are commercially available steel bars with a diameter of about 5 mm. The support rods 10, 11 preferably have about a diameter of about 8 mm.

With the stone basket elements 1, a retaining wall is preferably erected in the following manner. First, the empty stone basket elements 1 are put together in a manner corresponding to the desired shape of the wall to be created and connected to one another as explained above. Subsequently, the individual stone basket elements 1 are filled with stones. Finally, on the side of the rear wall part 4 on the retaining wall parts 9, the embankment material or as mentioned above, first a concrete layer 20 and applied thereon the embankment material. In this way creates an arbitrarily shaped and extremely stable wall. Due to the fact that the retaining wall parts 9 of adjacent, angularly extending stone basket elements 1 partly overlap ( FIG. 3b ), the stability of the created wall is further increased after the application of the slope material or the concrete layer 20 and the slope material, because adjacent Steinkorbelemente 1 are also connected to each other on the bottom side in the overlapping region of the retaining wall parts 9.

After filling the stones, the stone basket element can on the top side by a not-shown cover part, which also consists of a lattice, be closed. Like this in the FIG. 2 is shown schematically, the rear wall portion 4 and the front wall portion. 7 be connected to one another by a plurality of reinforcing rods 16 to increase the stability, wherein the reinforcing rods 16 extend transversely to the longitudinal extent of the stone basket element 1.

According to FIG. 6 Then, when the stone basket elements 1 exceed a predetermined height, preferably a plurality of reinforcing rods 16 are provided one above the other. The one ends of the associated holding rods 10, 11 then preferably end in each case at the fastening locations of the reinforcing rods 16 facing them.

In particular, when the present stone elements are already sold filled, it is advantageous to design the bottom wall portion 19 plate-shaped, to prevent falling out of the filling material.

The erection of the present Steinkorbelements takes place in the following manner. First, the retaining wall part 9 is placed on the ground. Then the retaining wall part 9 is hung on the front wall part 4, when the retaining wall part 9 at the same time also forms the bottom wall part 8 (see FIG. 5 ), or it is hung on the rear wall part 4, if the retaining wall part does not form the bottom wall part 8. Subsequently, the stone basket element is placed in the vertical position. Then the support rods 10, 11 are hooked (see FIG. 1 ). The stone basket element can then be filled, backfilled and immediately loaded. It is also advantageously possible to deliver the stone basket elements with the retaining wall parts 9 already fastened.

According to FIG. 7 it is also conceivable to provide a further retaining wall part 9 'in the case of particularly high stone basket elements whose height is, for example, 2 m, for example at half the height and to attach to the rear wall portion 4 in order to achieve a better grip of the stone basket element in the embankment material. At first, slope material is applied and compacted onto the lower base wall part 8 so that the surface runs the compacted slope material in the fastening plane of the upper retaining wall part 9 '. This is then placed on the compacted embankment material and further embankment material is applied to the further bottom wall part 9 '. Preferably, the attachment points at which the further retaining wall part 9 'is attached to the rear wall part 4, in the plane in which the holding rods 10, 11 connected to the lower retaining wall part 9 are connected to the rear wall part 4. Corresponding further retaining rods 10 'are preferably provided between the upper retaining wall part 9' and the rear wall part 4.

In order to achieve a particularly good sound attenuation of the present stone basket elements or the walls formed with them, sound-absorbing materials, eg. As mats can be arranged.

In order to achieve increased flexibility in the creation of walls, walls or the like from the present stone basket elements, the side wall parts 2 and 3 or 5 and 6 of one side have different lengths between their respective common connection edges and the respective connection edges with the front wall part 7 and 7 respectively with the rear wall part 4.

Claims (27)

1. Gabion element for constructing supporting walls or the like having a cavity enclosed by a rectangular front wall section (7), a rectangular rear wall section (4) running parallel to the front wall section (7) and lateral wall sections (2, 3, 5, 6) which can be filled with stones, wherein a rectangular lateral wall section (2, 3, 5, 6) is each arranged on the lateral edges of the front wall section (7) and the lateral edges of the rear wall section (4), wherein the free edges of two lateral wall sections (2, 3 and/or 5, 6) of one side are connected to each other in such a way that a hexagonal cross-section of the gabion element (1) is formed, and wherein the angle (α1) between each lateral edge of the front or rear wall section (7, 4) and the allocated lateral wall section (2, 3 and/or 5, 6) is an obtuse angle (α1), characterized in that the lateral wall sections (2, 3 and/or 5, 6) of each side of the gabion element (1) are connected to each other at an acute angle (α2) or at an angle of 90°, that the lateral wall sections (2, 3 and/or 5, 6) of each side of the gabion element (1) have different lengths between their respective common joining edges and the respective joining edges of the front wall section (7) and the rear wall section (4) and that, on the rear wall section (4), a supporting wall section (9) is arranged which protrudes outwards beyond the base of the gabion element (1) and is secured to the rear wall section (4) by means of at least one retaining member in such a way that the supporting wall section (9) extends on approximately the same plane as the base of the gabion element (1).
2. Gabion element according to claim 1, characterized in that the obtuse angle (α1) is approximately 135°.
3. Gabion element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the retaining member has the shape of a supporting bar (10, 11).
4. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the supporting wall section (9) is formed integrally with a bottom wall section (8) forming the entire base or at least part of the base of the gabion element (1).
5. Gabion element according to claim 4, characterized in that the bottom wall section (8) and the supporting wall section (9) integrally formed therewith is pivotably mounted on the lower edge of the front wall section (7) in such a way that the bottom wall section (8) can be pivoted around the integrally formed supporting wall section (9) parallel to the front wall section (7) for the transportation of the gabion element (1).
6. Gabion element according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bottom wall section (8) and the supporting wall section (9) integrally formed therewith extend along the entire or major part of the lower longitudinal edges of the front and rear wall section (7, 4).
7. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least two supporting bars (10, 11) spaced from each other are provided in the longitudinal direction of the front wall section (7).
8. Gabion element according to claim 7, characterized in that one part of the ends of the supporting bar or supporting bars (10, 11) is pivotably connected to the front wall section (7), and the other part of the ends of the supporting bar or supporting bars (10, 11) is pivotably connected to the supporting wall section (9).
9. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one reinforcing element, preferably a reinforcing bar (16), extends between the front wall section (7) and the rear wall section (4).
10. Gabion element according to claim 9, characterized in that a plurality of reinforcing bars (16) are provided in the longitudinal direction of the front and rear wall section (7, 4) by being spaced from each other.
11. Gabion element according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, above a predefined height of the gabion element (1), reinforcement bars (16) are attached to the rear wall section (4) at different heights.
12. Gabion element according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that one part of the ends of the supporting bars (10, 11) are attached to those points of the rear wall section (4) to which the reinforcing bars (16) are connected to the rear wall section (4).
13. Gabion element according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the supporting bars (10, 11) arranged on top of each other extend approximately parallel to each other.
14. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the lateral tip areas of two adjacent gabion elements (1) facing each other are connected to each other such that the tip areas are arranged in a manner to fit into each other and a connecting bar (12) is inserted into the overlapping tip areas from above and preferably driven into the ground.
15. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the lateral tip areas of two adjacent gabion elements (1) facing each other are connected to each other such that, in each tip area, a connecting bar (13, 14) is arranged in a vertically extending manner and preferably driven into the ground and that the two connecting bars (13, 14) are connected to each other by means of at least one member, preferably an annular member (15), winding around the latter.
16. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the front wall section (7), the rear wall section (4), the lateral wall sections (2, 3, 5, 6)(where applicable) and the bottom wall section (8) (where applicable) with the supporting wall section (9) preferably integrally formed therewith are each formed by intersecting lattice bars.
17. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the front wall section (7), the rear wall section (4), the lateral wall sections (2, 3, 5, 6) and the supporting wall section (9) are each formed by intersecting lattice bars and that the bottom wall section (8) is formed in a plate-shaped manner.
18. Gabion element according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the lattice bars run vertically to each other.
19. Gabion element according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the lattice bars have a diameter of approximately 5 mm.
20. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the supporting bars (10, 11) and/or the reinforcing bars (16) have a diameter of approximately 8 mm.
21. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that a further supporting wall section (9') is pivotably arranged above the supporting wall section (9) at the rear wall section (4).
22. Gabion element according to claim 21, characterized in that the fastening points at which the further supporting wall section (9') is attached to the rear wall section (4) are located on the plane on which the supporting bars (10, 11) connected to the supporting wall section (9) are connected to the rear wall section (4).
23. Gabion element according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that further supporting bars (10') are provided, extending between the further supporting wall section (9') and the rear wall section (4) to the side of the supporting wall section (9) facing away from the further supporting wall section (9').
24. Gabion element according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that sound-absorbing elements are arranged in its interior.
25. Method for constructing a supporting wall or the like having gabions (1) according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that a concrete layer (20) is applied to the supporting wall sections (9) and/or the bottom wall sections (8) of the gabion elements (1) arranged adjacent to each other and that embankment material is applied to the concrete layer (20) above the supporting wall section (9).
26. Method for constructing a supporting wall or the like having gabions, (1) according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that embankment material is applied to the supporting wall sections (9) of the gabion elements (1) arranged adjacent to each other.
27. Method for constructing a supporting wall or the like having gabions (1) according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the embankment material applied to the supporting wall sections (9) or the concrete layer (20) (where applicable) is compressed such that the further supporting wall section (9') can be arranged on the surface of the compressed embankment material and that further embankment material is applied to the further supporting wall section (9').

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