EP1896789A2 - Condenser-type welded-plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Condenser-type welded-plate heat exchanger

Info

Publication number
EP1896789A2
EP1896789A2 EP06778968A EP06778968A EP1896789A2 EP 1896789 A2 EP1896789 A2 EP 1896789A2 EP 06778968 A EP06778968 A EP 06778968A EP 06778968 A EP06778968 A EP 06778968A EP 1896789 A2 EP1896789 A2 EP 1896789A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
heat exchanger
modules
fluid
condensed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06778968A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1896789B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Lavanchy
Jean-Pierre Concolato
Claude Roussel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfa Laval Vicarb SAS
Original Assignee
Alfa Laval Vicarb SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfa Laval Vicarb SAS filed Critical Alfa Laval Vicarb SAS
Publication of EP1896789A2 publication Critical patent/EP1896789A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1896789B1 publication Critical patent/EP1896789B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F28B2001/065—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium with secondary condenser, e.g. reflux condenser or dephlegmator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular exchangers used as condensers.
  • It relates more particularly plate heat exchangers belonging to the family of welded plate heat exchangers, as opposed to plate heat exchangers made by the assembly of plates clamped together and separated by peripheral seals.
  • welded plate heat exchangers are of a more robust design, in that they consist exclusively of metal parts, excluding any compressible seal of elastomeric material or the like. This welded plate heat exchanger design thus makes them compatible with the treatment of very diverse fluids, and in particular fluids that are aggressive with respect to elastomeric materials. These include the application of solvent treatment.
  • the invention therefore relates more specifically to a new heat exchanger structure used as a condenser.
  • the welded plate heat exchangers can be used in applications intended to provide condensation of vapors.
  • the principle of such condensers is to put the vapor charged with condensable materials in contact with a cold source.
  • a first solution consists in combining in series two simple condensers, thus ensuring two successive phases of condensation. More precisely in the first condenser, the fluid to be condensed circulates in a downward flow, which allows the separation of a portion of the liquid contained in the vapor. The liquid condensing inside the condenser flows naturally, and this makes it possible to recover a first portion of the condensate. Steam containing a non-condensed fraction and a certain amount of suspended droplets is then fed to a second condenser. This second condenser generally has an upward circulation for steam, and a downflow for condensates, and is therefore referred to as a "reflux condenser". A complementary device, called “demister”, integrated or not the condenser, is necessary to ensure the elimination of droplets suspended in the non-condensable gas at the outlet of the second condenser.
  • demister integrated or not the condenser
  • the second condenser is traversed by a refrigerant at a lower temperature than the refrigerant fluid of the first condenser, so as to improve the efficiency of the treatment.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a condenser that has excellent performance in terms of condensing efficiency, while remaining relatively simple to manufacture and mount inside a complete installation.
  • the invention therefore relates to a heat exchanger, of the condenser type which conventionally comprises a set of welded plates, defining between them interpenetrating fluid circuits.
  • this exchanger is characterized in that it comprises at least two welded plate modules, each module having an independent refrigerant circuit.
  • the exchanger also includes a connection chamber, connecting in series two modules on the fluid circuit to be condensed, so that the flow direction of the fluid to be condensed is reversed when passing from one module to the next module.
  • the invention consists in carrying out the condensation operation by means of a single exchanger, but which carries out the condensation in two stages, namely a first step by the condensation at the level of a first plate module, with a first refrigerant fluid.
  • This first condensation continues with a second step, inside the second module of welded plates, which can be advantageously traversed by a refrigerant at a lower temperature.
  • the profile of the plates is advantageously studied to ensure the dééiculation within the condenser.
  • the fluid to be condensed circulates in a descending flow preferentially in the first module, and ascending in the second.
  • the use of an upward flow and a coolant at a lower temperature makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the condensation, that is to say to reduce the percentage of uncondensed material in the treated vapor.
  • This combination is performed in a single exchanger, which facilitates the establishment of the latter by limiting the necessary infrastructure to its advantage in an installation generating the steam to be condensed.
  • connection chamber can be defined by the space between the two faces of the plate modules located on the same side of the exchanger, and the outer walls of the exchanger.
  • this connection chamber puts in communication the two inputs of the plate modules which are located on the same side of the exchanger.
  • the vapor to be condensed leaves the first module by its lower face, in a downward flow, and enters the interior of the second module by the lower face of the latter according to an upward flow.
  • This connecting chamber is defined on the outside by the frame of the heat exchanger, and on its inner face, by a wall extending between the two plate modules.
  • This wall can be made by a solid intermediate piece, located between the two plate modules, or, preferably, by a welded plate disposed between the two modules, so as to seal the connection chamber. It is thus possible to use a homogeneous material to come into contact with the steam, between the modules and the connecting plate.
  • this wall of the connection chamber has an elastic deformation capacity in the direction between modules.
  • the plate forming this wall is able to compensate by its geometry, and for example by means of a bellows of expansion, the mechanical stresses resulting from the temperature differences observed between the two plate modules.
  • the volumes of the various plate modules integrated in the exchanger may be different, in particular depending on the composition of the vapor to be condensed.
  • the first module may be larger in volume than the second, insofar as the amount of product to be condensed is greater than in the second module.
  • the exchangers according to the invention will be presented in a version including two welded plate modules, but it goes without saying that it is also possible to increase this number of modules, thus increasing the number independent refrigerant circuits and the number of connection chambers, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the fluid circuit to be condensed comprises two segments in series, oriented in opposite directions.
  • baffle devices it is possible, by means of appropriate baffle devices, to organize the fluid circuit to be condensed with a first part according to the downward flow, followed by a portion with an upward flow.
  • There is then a double-pass heat exchanger in each module which has an increased efficiency in terms of condensation and dévésiculation, thanks to the succession of downward condensing zones and reflux circulation.
  • FIG. 1 is a summary perspective view of an exchanger according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the exchanger of Fig. 1, in which the outer panels are shown separately.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the interior of the exchanger of Fig. 1, in which the welded plate modules are shown separately.
  • Figure 4 is a brief perspective view of an embodiment of a connection plate used to make the connection chamber.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the operation of the exchanger of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view illustrating the operation of an alternative embodiment.
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger which can be used mainly in condenser applications.
  • a heat exchanger is illustrated in FIG. 1, and it is in a general form parallelepipedic defined by a set of outer walls, namely a bottom wall (2), a front wall (3), an upper wall (4), a side wall (5, 6) and a back wall (7) visible at the figure 2.
  • the front wall (3) includes the inlets of the two refrigerant circuits. More specifically, and as illustrated in FIG. 1, the front wall (3) comprises the inlet (14) of the outlet (15) of the first refrigerant circuit, as well as the inlet (16) of the outlet (17). ) of the second refrigerant circuit.
  • the back wall (7) ensures the return of refrigerant fluids.
  • the lower wall (2) of the heat exchanger (1) comprises the outlet (18) of the condensate.
  • the constitution of the interior of the exchanger (1) is illustrated in more detail in Figure 2 in which the different outer walls are shown separately from the core of the exchanger.
  • the upper wall (4) is shown detached, and consists of two panels (41, 42) separated and each assigned to a portion of the core of the exchanger. Each of these plates comprises a bore (43) for the passage of the connecting pipe of the inlet and the outlet of the fluid to be condensed.
  • the front wall (3) is also composed of two panels (31, 32) having at their facing areas cutouts (33, 34) allowing the nesting of the two panels for effective fixation on the heart of the exchanger, through the holes (35).
  • the front wall could also be made of a panel in one piece without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the back wall has no piercing for the connecting pipe passage and is similarly made to the front wall in two nested panels and attached to the core of the exchanger.
  • the bottom wall (2) of the exchanger (1) consists of a single panel having a bore (44) for the passage of the pipe (18) for condensate connection.
  • Each of the panels (31, 32) of the front wall (3) also has bores (36, 37, 38, 39) for connecting the connecting pipes (14, 15, 16, 17) to the cooling fluid circuit.
  • the core of the exchanger (50) is more visible in Figure 3 on which the outer walls are not shown.
  • the inner portion (50) of the heat exchanger mainly comprises two welded plate modules (52, 53) which are assembled via columns (55-58) at their extended edges, and separated by means of columns (55-58). one of the other by an intermediate wall (59).
  • Each of the welded plate modules (52) are of known design, and according to the principle set forth in the Applicant's patent EP 0 165 179. Briefly, such a module (52) comprises a set of corrugated and welded plates. to each other via link portions. Such a module (52) thus comprises a first fluid circuit opening on the front and rear faces of the module illustrated in FIG. 3. A second fluid circuit, intended in this case to receive the fluid to be condensed, passes through the exchanger from the upper face of the module (52) to its underside. More specifically, the lower face (67,70) of the two modules (52, 53) opens into a free space, defined in the lower part by the lower outer wall (2).
  • This connecting chamber (66) therefore extends over the entire length of the exchanger, and thus allows the communication of the lower face (67) of the first module (52), forming the output of the fluid circuit to be condensed. in the first module, with the lower face (70) of the second module (53) corresponding to the input of the fluid circuit to be condensed in this new module.
  • the two modules (52, 53) are in contact with the intermediate wall (59) by their lateral faces.
  • This intermediate wall has a recess (72) for forming the continuity of the connecting chamber (66) along the length of the exchanger.
  • This recess (72) receives on its inner face a connecting plate (83) visible in Figure 2, forming a wall defining the connecting chamber, between the two modules (52,53).
  • this connection plate (83) is formed by the assembly of two connecting parts (81, 82) intended to be welded to one another.
  • each connecting portion (81) has a flat portion (85) to be welded to one of the modules (52,53).
  • Each connecting piece (81, 82), preferably formed in a single portion, has an inverted U-shaped central portion (86) extending by tabs (87).
  • each connecting portion (81, 82) of this connection plate (83) has an expansion bellows (88) made in the center of the central portion (86) of each part of the link (81).
  • This bellows (88) allows the deformation of said plate in a direction D corresponding to the circulation of the fluid to be condensed within the connection chamber (66), and which therefore corresponds to the direction defined between the modules (52, 53) .
  • This expansion bellows can be obtained in particular by stamping.
  • connection plate The two portions (81, 82) of the connection plate are each welded to one of the plate modules (52, 53) prior to assembly of the modules. These two connecting portions are then welded together to form the connection plate (83).
  • the recess (72) receives a protective plate (74) of generally U-shaped inverted, interposed between the intermediate wall (59) and the two parts (81,82) of the plate. connection.
  • the protective plate (74), made of the same material "noble" as the two connecting parts (81,82) is intended to isolate them from the intermediate wall (59), made of a less noble material, when the assembly welding of the modules (52,53).
  • the fluid to be condensed V enters (V 1N ) into the exchanger and enters the first module of welded plates.
  • the circuit of the fluid to be condensed (V) inside this first module thus travels a first portion V D , illustrated by the falling arrow of the first module (52).
  • the fluid to be condensed thus separates from a portion of the condensed liquid in the first module, this first liquid flowing in the connection chamber (66), then until the condensate outlet (C).
  • the fluid containing materials to be condensed continues its circuit in the connection chamber (66) along the arrow V L , and enters the second module (53) through which it passes through an upward circuit illustrated by the arrow V A.
  • a refrigerant fluid CF 2 which may be for example glycol water.
  • the fluid to be condensed has an ascending path, so it circulates at reflux, which improves the déésiculation.
  • the refrigerant fluids can advantageously, thanks to the invention, be chosen in a different manner, in order to optimize the condensation phenomenon.
  • the volumes and flow rates of these coolants can also be adapted to optimize the thermal performance of the exchanger.
  • the number of welded plate modules may be greater than the number of two, illustrated in the preceding figures, in order to benefit, if necessary, from a higher number of refrigerant circuit circuits.
  • baffle devices (90, 91) are provided at each of the welded plate modules, so as to partition each elementary module (92, 93) into two distinct zones (95, 96, 97, 98). .
  • the fluid to be condensed V 1N flows in a downward flow V D1 , and it goes up through the second part (96) of the same module (92) according to an ascending V A1 flow.
  • the intermediate wall (99) extends downwards to delimit an open zone (100) allowing the passage of the fluid to be condensed V L1 of the first portion (95) of the second portion (96) of the first module (92), while isolating it from the open area (101) of the second module (93).
  • the fluid circuit is extended by emerging from the upper part of the first module (92) and opening into a connection chamber (103) delimited by the baffle (90, 91) and a plate (105) which can to be similar to the connecting plate formed of the two connecting parts (81, 82), one of which is illustrated in FIG.
  • the fluid circuit is then extended by a descending section V D2 in the first part (97) of the second module (93), then a portion V L2 in the connection chamber (101) and finally by an ascending portion V A2 in the second portion (98) of the second module (93).
  • the condensates (C 1 , C 2 ) can be recovered independently, which can be advantageous for applications specific, such as the return of condensates to two different levels of a distillation column.
  • the exchanger according to the invention has many advantages, and in particular by combining both a good efficiency in the condensation process with a compactness that makes it able to be installed in a simple manner in multiple installations.
  • a condenser there is a simplification of the connection concerning the fluid to be condensed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

A condenser-type heat exchanger having a set of welded plates that together define fluid systems that interpenetrate each other, comprises at least two modules of welded plates. Each module presenting an independent cooling system (CF1, CF2), fluid (CF2) being preferably colder than fluid (CF1), and a connecting chamber that connects the two modules in series in the system of fluid to be condensed such that the direction in which the fluid to be condensed flows is reversed when it changes from one module to the next module.

Description

ECHANGEUR THERMIQUE A PLAQUES SOUDEES, DU TYPE THERMAL EXCHANGER WITH WELD PLATES, TYPE
CONDENSEURCONDENSER
Domaine techniqueTechnical area
L'invention se rattache au domaine technique des échangeurs de chaleur, et notamment des échangeurs utilisés en tant que condenseurs.The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular exchangers used as condensers.
Elle concerne plus particulièrement des échangeurs à plaques appartenant à la famille des échangeurs à plaques soudées, par opposition aux échangeurs à plaques réalisés par l'assemblage de plaques serrées entre elles et séparées par des joints périphériques.It relates more particularly plate heat exchangers belonging to the family of welded plate heat exchangers, as opposed to plate heat exchangers made by the assembly of plates clamped together and separated by peripheral seals.
En effet, les échangeurs de plaques soudées sont d'une conception plus robuste, en ce sens qu'ils sont constitués exclusivement de pièces métalliques, à l'exclusion de tout joint d'étanchéité compressible en matériau élastomérique ou analogue. Cette conception d'échangeur à plaques soudées les rend donc compatibles avec le traitement de fluides très divers, et notamment des fluides agressifs vis-à-vis des matériaux élastomériques. On citera notamment l'application du traitement des solvants.Indeed, welded plate heat exchangers are of a more robust design, in that they consist exclusively of metal parts, excluding any compressible seal of elastomeric material or the like. This welded plate heat exchanger design thus makes them compatible with the treatment of very diverse fluids, and in particular fluids that are aggressive with respect to elastomeric materials. These include the application of solvent treatment.
L'invention concerne donc plus spécifiquement une nouvelle structure d'échangeur thermique utilisé en tant que condenseur.The invention therefore relates more specifically to a new heat exchanger structure used as a condenser.
Techniques antérieuresPrevious techniques
De façon générale, les échangeurs à plaques soudées peuvent être utilisés dans des applications visant à assurer la condensation de vapeurs. Le principe de tels condenseurs consiste à mettre en contact la vapeur chargée de matières condensables avec une source froide.In general, the welded plate heat exchangers can be used in applications intended to provide condensation of vapors. The principle of such condensers is to put the vapor charged with condensable materials in contact with a cold source.
Dans les échangeurs à plaques soudées, les différentes plaques définissent entre elles des circuits de fluide qui s'interpénétrent. Dans le domaine des condenseurs, différentes solutions ont déjà été proposées pour améliorer l'efficacité d'un condenseur simple. En effet, il est important que le maximum de matières condensables soit éliminé de la phase vapeur lors du passage dans le condenseur, pour limiter les rejets à l'atmosphère et éviter que trop de matières condensées en suspension ne pénètrent dans les dispositifs en aval du condenseur avec le risque de les endommager.In the welded plate heat exchangers, the different plates define between them fluid circuits that interpenetrate. In the field of condensers, various solutions have already been proposed to improve the efficiency of a single condenser. Indeed, it is important that the maximum of condensable materials be removed from the vapor phase during the passage in the condenser, to limit discharges to the atmosphere and prevent too much suspended condensed matter from entering the devices downstream of the condenser. condenser with the risk of damaging them.
Ainsi, une première solution consiste à combiner en série deux condenseurs simples, assurant donc deux phases successives de condensation. Plus précisément dans le premier condenseur, le fluide à condenser circule selon un flux descendant, ce qui permet la séparation d'une partie du liquide contenu dans la vapeur. Le liquide se condensant à l'intérieur du condenseur s'écoule naturellement, et ce qui permet donc de récupérer une première partie des condensats. La vapeur contenant une fraction non condensée ainsi qu'une certaine quantité de gouttelettes en suspension est ensuite acheminée vers un second condenseur. Ce second condenseur a généralement une circulation ascendante pour la vapeur, et descendante pour les condensats, et est pour cette raison qualifié de condenseur à "reflux". Un dispositif complémentaire, appelé « dévésiculeur », intégré ou non au condenseur, est nécessaire pour assurer l'élimination des gouttelettes en suspension dans le gaz non condensable à la sortie du deuxième condenseur.Thus, a first solution consists in combining in series two simple condensers, thus ensuring two successive phases of condensation. More precisely in the first condenser, the fluid to be condensed circulates in a downward flow, which allows the separation of a portion of the liquid contained in the vapor. The liquid condensing inside the condenser flows naturally, and this makes it possible to recover a first portion of the condensate. Steam containing a non-condensed fraction and a certain amount of suspended droplets is then fed to a second condenser. This second condenser generally has an upward circulation for steam, and a downflow for condensates, and is therefore referred to as a "reflux condenser". A complementary device, called "demister", integrated or not the condenser, is necessary to ensure the elimination of droplets suspended in the non-condensable gas at the outlet of the second condenser.
Préférentiellement, le second condenseur est parcouru par un fluide réfrigérant à une température plus basse que le fluide réfrigérant du premier condenseur, de manière à améliorer l'efficacité du traitement.Preferably, the second condenser is traversed by a refrigerant at a lower temperature than the refrigerant fluid of the first condenser, so as to improve the efficiency of the treatment.
Une autre solution a déjà été proposée consistant à concevoir des condenseurs présentant un circuit vapeur selon deux sens de circulation opposés. Ainsi, ce type de condenseurs dits condenseurs "double passe", présente une première partie dans laquelle le flux de vapeur est descendant, le circuit de vapeur se prolongeant par une partie dans lequel le flux est ascendant. Dans cette portion, le condensât qui s'écoule vers le bas, selon les lois de la gravité, est en partie entraîné par le flux ascendant de la vapeur sous forme de fines gouttelettes. Comme pour les deux condenseurs séparés, un dispositif dévésiculeur est nécessaire à la bonne efficacité de la condensation. En outre, l'emploi d'un seul fluide réfrigérant pénalise les performances thermiques du condenseur ainsi configuré.Another solution has already been proposed consisting in designing condensers having a vapor circuit in two opposite direction of circulation. Thus, this type of so-called "double-pass" condensers has a first part in which the vapor flow is downstream, the vapor circuit extending through a part in which the flow is upward. In this portion, the condensate which flows downward, according to the laws of gravity, is partly driven by the upward flow of the vapor in the form of fine droplets. As for the two separate condensers, a stripper device is necessary for good efficiency condensation. In addition, the use of a single refrigerant penalizes the thermal performance of the condenser thus configured.
Plusieurs condenseurs de ce type peuvent être également disposés en série afin d'obtenir une efficacité encore meilleure, et une élimination plus importante des produits condensables.Several condensers of this type can also be arranged in series in order to obtain an even better efficiency, and a greater elimination of the condensable products.
Toutefois, l'association de deux condenseurs en série pose des problèmes mécaniques.However, the combination of two condensers in series poses mechanical problems.
En effet, un tel montage nécessite la réalisation de connexion des deux circuits de vapeur d'un condenseur à l'autre, ces connections devant supporter les vibrations mécaniques, les chocs thermiques, et autres contraintes mécaniques observées dans les installations de traitement.In fact, such an assembly requires the connection of the two steam circuits from one condenser to the other, these connections having to withstand the mechanical vibrations, the thermal shocks, and other mechanical stresses observed in the treatment installations.
En outre, la mise en place de ces ensembles de condenseurs se fait généralement en partie haute des installations de traitement, et l'utilisation de supports mécaniques suffisamment robustes et donc lourds, se révèle être un inconvénient important.In addition, the implementation of these sets of condensers is generally at the top of the processing facilities, and the use of sufficiently strong and therefore heavy mechanical supports, proves to be a significant drawback.
L'objectif de l'invention est de fournir un condenseur qui présente d'excellentes performances en termes d'efficacité de condensation, tout en restant relativement simple à fabriquer et à monter à l'intérieur d'une installation complète.The object of the invention is to provide a condenser that has excellent performance in terms of condensing efficiency, while remaining relatively simple to manufacture and mount inside a complete installation.
Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention
L'invention concerne donc un échangeur thermique, du type condenseur qui comporte de façon classique un ensemble de plaques soudées, définissant entre elles des circuits de fluide s'interpénétrant.The invention therefore relates to a heat exchanger, of the condenser type which conventionally comprises a set of welded plates, defining between them interpenetrating fluid circuits.
Conformément à l'invention, cet échangeur se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux modules de plaques soudées, chaque module présentant un circuit de fluide réfrigérant indépendant. L'échangeur comporte également une chambre de liaison, reliant en série deux modules sur le circuit de fluide à condenser, de sorte que le sens de circulation du fluide à condenser est inversé au passage d'un module au module suivant.According to the invention, this exchanger is characterized in that it comprises at least two welded plate modules, each module having an independent refrigerant circuit. The exchanger also includes a connection chamber, connecting in series two modules on the fluid circuit to be condensed, so that the flow direction of the fluid to be condensed is reversed when passing from one module to the next module.
Autrement dit, l'invention consiste à réaliser l'opération de condensation au moyen d'un échangeur unique, mais qui réalise la condensation en deux étapes, à savoir une première étape par la condensation au niveau d'un premier module de plaques, avec un premier fluide réfrigérant. Cette première condensation se poursuit par une seconde étape, à l'intérieur du second module de plaques soudées, qui peut être avantageusement parcouru par un fluide réfrigérant à une température inférieure. Le profil des plaques est avantageusement étudié pour assurer la dévésiculation à l'intérieur du condenseur.In other words, the invention consists in carrying out the condensation operation by means of a single exchanger, but which carries out the condensation in two stages, namely a first step by the condensation at the level of a first plate module, with a first refrigerant fluid. This first condensation continues with a second step, inside the second module of welded plates, which can be advantageously traversed by a refrigerant at a lower temperature. The profile of the plates is advantageously studied to ensure the dééiculation within the condenser.
Compte tenu de la mise en série des deux modules de plaques, le fluide à condenser circule selon un flux descendant préférentiellement dans le premier module, et ascendant dans le second. L'utilisation d'un flux ascendant et d'un fluide réfrigérant à température plus faible permet d'améliorer l'efficacité de la condensation, c'est-à-dire de diminuer le pourcentage de matière non condensée dans la vapeur traitée.Given the series connection of the two plate modules, the fluid to be condensed circulates in a descending flow preferentially in the first module, and ascending in the second. The use of an upward flow and a coolant at a lower temperature makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the condensation, that is to say to reduce the percentage of uncondensed material in the treated vapor.
Cette combinaison est réalisée dans un échangeur unique, ce qui permet de faciliter la mise en place de ce dernier en limitant l'infrastructure nécessaire à son avantage dans une installation générant la vapeur à condenser.This combination is performed in a single exchanger, which facilitates the establishment of the latter by limiting the necessary infrastructure to its advantage in an installation generating the steam to be condensed.
En pratique, la chambre de liaison peut être définie par l'espace séparant les deux faces des modules de plaques situées d'un même côté de l'échangeur, et les parois externes de l'échangeur. Autrement dit, cette chambre des liaisons met en communication les deux entrées des modules de plaques qui se trouvent situées d'un même côté de l'échangeur. Ainsi, dans la configuration la plus simple, la vapeur à condenser sort du premier module par sa face inférieure, selon un flux descendant, et pénètre à l'intérieur du second module par la face inférieure de ce dernier selon donc un flux ascendant. Cette chambre de liaison est définie du côté extérieur par le châssis de l'échangeur, et sur sa face intérieure, par une paroi s'étendant entre les deux modules de plaques. Cette paroi peut être réalisée par une pièce intermédiaire massive, située entre les deux modules de plaques, ou, de façon préférentielle, par une plaque soudée disposée entre les deux modules, de manière à assurer l'étanchéité de la chambre de liaison., Il est ainsi possible d'employer un matériau homogène pour venir en contact avec la vapeur, entre les modules et la plaque de liaison.In practice, the connection chamber can be defined by the space between the two faces of the plate modules located on the same side of the exchanger, and the outer walls of the exchanger. In other words, this connection chamber puts in communication the two inputs of the plate modules which are located on the same side of the exchanger. Thus, in the simplest configuration, the vapor to be condensed leaves the first module by its lower face, in a downward flow, and enters the interior of the second module by the lower face of the latter according to an upward flow. This connecting chamber is defined on the outside by the frame of the heat exchanger, and on its inner face, by a wall extending between the two plate modules. This wall can be made by a solid intermediate piece, located between the two plate modules, or, preferably, by a welded plate disposed between the two modules, so as to seal the connection chamber. it is thus possible to use a homogeneous material to come into contact with the steam, between the modules and the connecting plate.
Avantageusement en pratique, cette paroi de la chambre de liaison présente une capacité de déformation élastique selon la direction entre modules. Autrement dit, la plaque formant cette paroi est apte à compenser par sa géométrie, et par exemple grâce à un soufflet de dilatation, les contraintes mécaniques consécutives aux différences de température observées entre les deux modules de plaques.Advantageously in practice, this wall of the connection chamber has an elastic deformation capacity in the direction between modules. In other words, the plate forming this wall is able to compensate by its geometry, and for example by means of a bellows of expansion, the mechanical stresses resulting from the temperature differences observed between the two plate modules.
En pratique, et en fonction des applications souhaitées, les volumes des différents modules de plaques intégrées dans l'échangeur peuvent être différents, notamment en fonction de la composition de la vapeur à condenser.In practice, and depending on the desired applications, the volumes of the various plate modules integrated in the exchanger may be different, in particular depending on the composition of the vapor to be condensed.
Ainsi, dans une version d'échangeur la plus simple avec deux modules, le premier module peut être de volume plus important que le second, dans la mesure où la quantité de produit à condenser est plus importante que dans le second module.Thus, in a simpler version of exchanger with two modules, the first module may be larger in volume than the second, insofar as the amount of product to be condensed is greater than in the second module.
Dans le reste de la description, les échangeurs conformes à l'invention seront présentés dans une version incluant deux modules de plaques soudées, mais il va de soi qu'il est également possible d'augmenter ce nombre de modules, en augmentant donc le nombre de circuits de fluide réfrigérant indépendants ainsi que le nombre de chambres de liaisons, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Dans une variante de réalisation, on peut prévoir que dans chaque module, le circuit de fluide à condenser comporte deux segments en série, orientés en sens opposés. Autrement dit, à l'intérieur de chaque module, on peut prévoir grâce à des dispositifs de chicanes appropriées, d'organiser le circuit de fluide à condenser avec une première partie selon le flux descendant, suivi d'une portion avec un flux ascendant. On bénéficie alors d'un échangeur à double passe dans chaque module qui présente une efficacité accrue en terme de condensation et de dévésiculation, grâce à la succession de zones de condensation descendante et de circulation à reflux.In the rest of the description, the exchangers according to the invention will be presented in a version including two welded plate modules, but it goes without saying that it is also possible to increase this number of modules, thus increasing the number independent refrigerant circuits and the number of connection chambers, without departing from the scope of the invention. In an alternative embodiment, it can be provided that in each module, the fluid circuit to be condensed comprises two segments in series, oriented in opposite directions. In other words, within each module, it is possible, by means of appropriate baffle devices, to organize the fluid circuit to be condensed with a first part according to the downward flow, followed by a portion with an upward flow. There is then a double-pass heat exchanger in each module which has an increased efficiency in terms of condensation and dévésiculation, thanks to the succession of downward condensing zones and reflux circulation.
Description sommaire des figuresBrief description of the figures
La manière de réaliser l'invention, ainsi que les avantages qui en découlent ressortiront bien de la description sommaire des figures du mode de réalisation qui suit, à l'appui des figures annexées dans lesquelles :The manner of carrying out the invention, as well as the advantages which result therefrom, will emerge clearly from the summary description of the figures of the embodiment which follows, in support of the appended figures in which:
La figure 1 est une vue en perspective sommaire d'un échangeur conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 is a summary perspective view of an exchanger according to the invention.
La figure 2 est une vue en perspective sommaire éclatée de l'échangeur de la figure 1, dans laquelle les panneaux extérieurs sont montrés de manière séparée.Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the exchanger of Fig. 1, in which the outer panels are shown separately.
La figure 3 est une vue en perspective sommaire éclatée de l'intérieur de l'échangeur de la figure 1, dans laquelle les modules de plaques soudées sont montrés de manière séparée.Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the interior of the exchanger of Fig. 1, in which the welded plate modules are shown separately.
La figure 4 est une vue en perspective sommaire d'un mode de réalisation d'une plaque de connexion utilisée pour réaliser la chambre de liaison.Figure 4 is a brief perspective view of an embodiment of a connection plate used to make the connection chamber.
La figure 5 est une vue schématique illustrant le fonctionnement de l'échangeur de la figure 1.FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the operation of the exchanger of FIG. 1.
La figure 6 est une vue schématique illustrant le fonctionnement d'une variante de réalisation.Figure 6 is a schematic view illustrating the operation of an alternative embodiment.
Manière de réaliser l'inventionWay of realizing the invention
Comme déjà exposé, l'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur qui peut être utilisé principalement dans des applications de condenseurs. Un tel échangeur est illustré à la figure 1, et il se présente sous une forme générale parallélépipédique définie par un ensemble de parois extérieures, à savoir une paroi inférieure (2), une paroi frontale (3), une paroi supérieure (4), une paroi latérale (5, 6) et une paroi dorsale (7) visible à la figure 2.As already explained, the invention relates to a heat exchanger which can be used mainly in condenser applications. Such an exchanger is illustrated in FIG. 1, and it is in a general form parallelepipedic defined by a set of outer walls, namely a bottom wall (2), a front wall (3), an upper wall (4), a side wall (5, 6) and a back wall (7) visible at the figure 2.
Sur la paroi supérieure (4) sont disposées l'entrée (10) et la sortie (11) du fluide incluant les matières à condenser.On the upper wall (4) are arranged the inlet (10) and the outlet (11) of the fluid including the materials to be condensed.
La paroi frontale (3) inclut les entrées des deux circuits de fluide réfrigérant. Plus précisément, et comme illustré à la figure 1, la paroi frontale (3) comporte l'entrée (14) de la sortie (15) du premier circuit du fluide réfrigérant, ainsi que l'entrée (16) de la sortie (17) du second circuit de fluide réfrigérant. La paroi dorsale (7) assure le retour des fluides réfrigérants.The front wall (3) includes the inlets of the two refrigerant circuits. More specifically, and as illustrated in FIG. 1, the front wall (3) comprises the inlet (14) of the outlet (15) of the first refrigerant circuit, as well as the inlet (16) of the outlet (17). ) of the second refrigerant circuit. The back wall (7) ensures the return of refrigerant fluids.
La paroi inférieure (2) de l'échangeur (1) comporte quant à elle la sortie (18) des condensats.The lower wall (2) of the heat exchanger (1) comprises the outlet (18) of the condensate.
La constitution de l'intérieur de l'échangeur (1) est illustrée plus en détail à la figure 2 dans laquelle les différentes parois extérieures sont montrées de manière séparées du cœur de l'échangeur. Ainsi, la paroi supérieure (4) est montrée détachée, et constituée de deux panneaux (41, 42) séparés et affectés chacun à une partie du cœur de l'échangeur. Chacune de ces plaques comportent un perçage (43) destiné au passage de la conduite de raccordement de l'entrée et de la sortie du fluide à condenser. De même, la paroi frontale (3) est également composée de deux panneaux (31, 32) présentant à leurs zones en regard des découpes (33, 34) permettant l'imbrication des deux panneaux en vue d'une fixation efficace sur le cœur de l'échangeur, par l'intermédiaire des perçages (35). Bien entendu, la paroi avant pourrait être également constituée d'un panneau d'un seul tenant sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.The constitution of the interior of the exchanger (1) is illustrated in more detail in Figure 2 in which the different outer walls are shown separately from the core of the exchanger. Thus, the upper wall (4) is shown detached, and consists of two panels (41, 42) separated and each assigned to a portion of the core of the exchanger. Each of these plates comprises a bore (43) for the passage of the connecting pipe of the inlet and the outlet of the fluid to be condensed. Similarly, the front wall (3) is also composed of two panels (31, 32) having at their facing areas cutouts (33, 34) allowing the nesting of the two panels for effective fixation on the heart of the exchanger, through the holes (35). Of course, the front wall could also be made of a panel in one piece without departing from the scope of the invention.
La paroi dorsale ne comporte pas de perçage pour le passage de conduite de raccordement et elle est réalisée de façon similaire à la paroi frontale en deux panneaux imbriqués et fixés sur le cœur de l'échangeur. La paroi inférieure (2) de l'échangeur (1) est constituée d'un seul panneau comportant un perçage (44) destiné au passage de la conduite (18) de raccordement des condensats.The back wall has no piercing for the connecting pipe passage and is similarly made to the front wall in two nested panels and attached to the core of the exchanger. The bottom wall (2) of the exchanger (1) consists of a single panel having a bore (44) for the passage of the pipe (18) for condensate connection.
Chacun des panneaux (31, 32) de la paroi frontale (3) comporte également des perçages (36, 37, 38, 39) destinés au raccordement des conduites de liaison (14, 15, 16, 17) au circuit de fluides de refroidissement. Le cœur de l'échangeur (50) est plus visible à la figure 3 sur laquelle les parois extérieures ne sont pas représentées.Each of the panels (31, 32) of the front wall (3) also has bores (36, 37, 38, 39) for connecting the connecting pipes (14, 15, 16, 17) to the cooling fluid circuit. . The core of the exchanger (50) is more visible in Figure 3 on which the outer walls are not shown.
Plus précisément, la partie interne (50) de l'échangeur comporte principalement deux modules de plaques soudées (52, 53) qui sont assemblées par l'intermédiaire de colonnes (55-58) au niveau de leurs arêtes en prolongement, et séparées l'un de l'autre par une paroi intermédiaire (59).More specifically, the inner portion (50) of the heat exchanger mainly comprises two welded plate modules (52, 53) which are assembled via columns (55-58) at their extended edges, and separated by means of columns (55-58). one of the other by an intermediate wall (59).
Chacun des modules de plaques soudées (52) sont de conception connue en soi, et selon le principe exposé dans le brevet du Demandeur EP 0 165 179. De manière succincte, un tel module (52) comporte un ensemble de plaques ondulées et soudées les unes aux autres par l'intermédiaire de portions de liaison. Un tel module (52) comporte donc un premier circuit de fluide débouchant sur les faces avant et arrière du module illustré à la figure 3. Un second circuit de fluide, destiné dans le cas présent à accueillir le fluide à condenser, traverse l'échangeur depuis la face supérieure du module (52) jusqu'à sa face inférieure. Plus précisément, la face inférieure (67,70) des deux modules (52, 53) débouche dans un espace libre, définit en partie inférieure par la paroi extérieure inférieure (2).Each of the welded plate modules (52) are of known design, and according to the principle set forth in the Applicant's patent EP 0 165 179. Briefly, such a module (52) comprises a set of corrugated and welded plates. to each other via link portions. Such a module (52) thus comprises a first fluid circuit opening on the front and rear faces of the module illustrated in FIG. 3. A second fluid circuit, intended in this case to receive the fluid to be condensed, passes through the exchanger from the upper face of the module (52) to its underside. More specifically, the lower face (67,70) of the two modules (52, 53) opens into a free space, defined in the lower part by the lower outer wall (2).
Ainsi, le volume (63) défini entre cette paroi inférieure (2) et les portions (61, 62) prolongeant le module (52) vers le bas, définissent une partie de la chambre de liaison caractéristique (66). Cette chambre de liaison (66) s'étend donc sur toute la longueur de l'échangeur, et permet donc la mise en communication de la face inférieure (67) du premier module (52), formant la sortie du circuit de fluide à condenser dans le premier module, avec la face inférieure (70) du second module (53) correspondant à l'entrée du circuit de fluide à condenser dans ce nouveau module.Thus, the volume (63) defined between this bottom wall (2) and the portions (61, 62) extending the module (52) downwards, define a portion of the characteristic connecting chamber (66). This connecting chamber (66) therefore extends over the entire length of the exchanger, and thus allows the communication of the lower face (67) of the first module (52), forming the output of the fluid circuit to be condensed. in the first module, with the lower face (70) of the second module (53) corresponding to the input of the fluid circuit to be condensed in this new module.
Mécaniquement, les deux modules (52, 53) sont en contact de la paroi intermédiaire (59) par leurs faces latérales. Cette paroi intermédiaire comporte un évidement (72) destiné à former la continuité de la chambre de liaison (66) sur la longueur de l'échangeur.Mechanically, the two modules (52, 53) are in contact with the intermediate wall (59) by their lateral faces. This intermediate wall has a recess (72) for forming the continuity of the connecting chamber (66) along the length of the exchanger.
Cet évidement (72) reçoit sur sa face interne une plaque de connexion (83) visible à la figure 2, formant une paroi délimitant la chambre de liaison, entre les deux modules (52,53). Comme illustrée à la figure 3, cette plaque de connexion (83) est formée par l'assemblage de deux parties de liaison (81,82) destinées à être soudées l'une à l'autre. Dans une forme préférée, illustrée à la figure 4, chaque partie de liaison (81) comporte une portion plate (85) destinée à être soudée à l'un des modules (52,53). Chaque pièce de liaison (81,82), préférentiellement formée en une seule partie, présente une partie centrale en forme de U renversé (86) se prolongeant par des pattes (87).This recess (72) receives on its inner face a connecting plate (83) visible in Figure 2, forming a wall defining the connecting chamber, between the two modules (52,53). As illustrated in FIG. 3, this connection plate (83) is formed by the assembly of two connecting parts (81, 82) intended to be welded to one another. In a preferred form, illustrated in Figure 4, each connecting portion (81) has a flat portion (85) to be welded to one of the modules (52,53). Each connecting piece (81, 82), preferably formed in a single portion, has an inverted U-shaped central portion (86) extending by tabs (87).
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque partie de liaison (81,82) de cette plaque de connexion (83), présente un soufflet de dilatation (88) réalisé au centre de la partie centrale (86) de la chaque partie de liaison (81). Ce soufflet (88) permet la déformation de ladite plaque selon une direction D correspondant à la circulation du fluide à condenser au sein de la chambre de liaison (66), et qui correspond donc à la direction définie entre les modules (52, 53). Ce soufflet de dilatation peut être obtenu notamment par matriçage.According to another characteristic of the invention, each connecting portion (81, 82) of this connection plate (83) has an expansion bellows (88) made in the center of the central portion (86) of each part of the link (81). This bellows (88) allows the deformation of said plate in a direction D corresponding to the circulation of the fluid to be condensed within the connection chamber (66), and which therefore corresponds to the direction defined between the modules (52, 53) . This expansion bellows can be obtained in particular by stamping.
Les deux parties (81,82) de la plaque de connexion sont soudées chacune sur un des modules (52,53) de plaques, avant l'assemblage des modules. Ces deux portions de liaison sont ensuite soudées entre elles pour former la plaque de connexion (83). Pour éviter toute pollution de cette soudure, l'évidement (72) reçoit une plaque de protection (74) de forme générale en U renversé, intercalée entre la paroi intermédiaire (59) et les deux parties (81,82) de la plaque de connexion. La plaque de protection (74), réalisée dans le même matériau « noble » que les deux parties de liaison (81,82) a pour but de les isoler de la paroi intermédiaire (59), réalisée dans un matériau moins noble, lors de la soudure d'assemblage des modules (52,53).The two portions (81, 82) of the connection plate are each welded to one of the plate modules (52, 53) prior to assembly of the modules. These two connecting portions are then welded together to form the connection plate (83). To avoid any pollution of this weld, the recess (72) receives a protective plate (74) of generally U-shaped inverted, interposed between the intermediate wall (59) and the two parts (81,82) of the plate. connection. The protective plate (74), made of the same material "noble" as the two connecting parts (81,82) is intended to isolate them from the intermediate wall (59), made of a less noble material, when the assembly welding of the modules (52,53).
Le fonctionnement de l'échangeur ainsi décrit est illustré à la figure 5. Ainsi, le fluide à condenser V pénètre (V1N) dans l'échangeur et entre dans le premier module de plaques soudées. Le circuit du fluide à condenser (V) à l'intérieur de ce premier module parcourt donc une première portion VD, illustrée par la flèche descendante du premier module (52). Grâce au contact avec le premier circuit de fluide réfrigérant (CF1), le fluide à condenser se sépare donc d'une partie du liquide condensé dans le premier module, ce premier liquide s'écoulant dans la chambre de liaison (66), puis jusqu'à la sortie des condensats (C).The operation of the exchanger thus described is illustrated in FIG. 5. Thus, the fluid to be condensed V enters (V 1N ) into the exchanger and enters the first module of welded plates. The circuit of the fluid to be condensed (V) inside this first module thus travels a first portion V D , illustrated by the falling arrow of the first module (52). By virtue of the contact with the first refrigerant circuit (CF 1 ), the fluid to be condensed thus separates from a portion of the condensed liquid in the first module, this first liquid flowing in the connection chamber (66), then until the condensate outlet (C).
Le fluide contenant des matières à condenser poursuit son circuit dans la chambre de liaison (66) selon la flèche VL, et pénètre dans le second module (53) qu'il traverse selon un circuit ascendant illustré par la flèche VA. A l'intérieur du second module réfrigéré par un circuit d'un fluide réfrigérant CF2, qui peut être par exemple de l'eau glycolée. Dans le second module (53), le fluide à condenser a un chemin ascendant, il circule donc à reflux, ce qui améliore la dévésiculation.The fluid containing materials to be condensed continues its circuit in the connection chamber (66) along the arrow V L , and enters the second module (53) through which it passes through an upward circuit illustrated by the arrow V A. Inside the second module refrigerated by a circuit of a refrigerant fluid CF 2 , which may be for example glycol water. In the second module (53), the fluid to be condensed has an ascending path, so it circulates at reflux, which improves the déésiculation.
Les fluides réfrigérants peuvent avantageusement grâce à l'invention être choisis de manière différente, afin d'optimiser le phénomène de condensation. Les volumes et les débits de ces fluides réfrigérants peuvent également être adaptés en vue d'optimisation des performances thermiques de l'échangeur.The refrigerant fluids can advantageously, thanks to the invention, be chosen in a different manner, in order to optimize the condensation phenomenon. The volumes and flow rates of these coolants can also be adapted to optimize the thermal performance of the exchanger.
Une partie des condensats s'écoule donc dans un sens opposé à la circulation du fluide, de manière à améliorer l'efficacité du processus de condensation. Cette partie complémentaire de condensats est également évacuée par la sortie (18) d'élimination des condensats. Il est à noter que le nombre de modules de plaques soudées peut être plus important que le nombre de deux, illustré aux figures précédentes, afin de bénéficier, le cas échéant, d'un nombre de circuits de fluides réfrigérants plus élevé.Part of the condensate flows in a direction opposite to the circulation of the fluid, so as to improve the efficiency of the condensation process. This additional condensate portion is also discharged through the condensate removal outlet (18). It should be noted that the number of welded plate modules may be greater than the number of two, illustrated in the preceding figures, in order to benefit, if necessary, from a higher number of refrigerant circuit circuits.
Il est également possible, comme illustré à la figure 6, de réaliser l'échangeur caractéristique selon une variante d'exécution. Dans ce cas, des dispositifs de chicane (90, 91) sont disposés au niveau de chacun des modules de plaques soudées, de manière à cloisonner chaque module élémentaire (92, 93) en deux zones distinctes (95, 96, 97, 98). Dans ce cas, dans la première zone (95) du premier module (92), le fluide à condenser V1N circule selon un flux descendant VD1, et il le remonte par la seconde partie (96) du même module (92) selon un flux VA1 ascendant. La paroi intermédiaire (99) se prolonge vers le bas pour délimiter une zone ouverte (100) permettant le passage du fluide à condenser VL1 de la première partie (95) de la deuxième partie (96) du premier module (92), tout en l'isolant de la zone ouverte (101) du deuxième module (93). Le circuit de fluide se prolonge en ressortant par la partie haute du premier module (92) et en débouchant dans une chambre de liaison (103), délimitée par la chicane (90, 91), ainsi qu'une plaque (105) qui peut être similaire à la plaque de connexion formée des deux parties de liaison (81,82), dont l'une est illustrée à la figure 4.It is also possible, as illustrated in FIG. 6, to produce the characteristic exchanger according to a variant embodiment. In this case, baffle devices (90, 91) are provided at each of the welded plate modules, so as to partition each elementary module (92, 93) into two distinct zones (95, 96, 97, 98). . In this case, in the first zone (95) of the first module (92), the fluid to be condensed V 1N flows in a downward flow V D1 , and it goes up through the second part (96) of the same module (92) according to an ascending V A1 flow. The intermediate wall (99) extends downwards to delimit an open zone (100) allowing the passage of the fluid to be condensed V L1 of the first portion (95) of the second portion (96) of the first module (92), while isolating it from the open area (101) of the second module (93). The fluid circuit is extended by emerging from the upper part of the first module (92) and opening into a connection chamber (103) delimited by the baffle (90, 91) and a plate (105) which can to be similar to the connecting plate formed of the two connecting parts (81, 82), one of which is illustrated in FIG.
Le circuit de fluide se prolonge alors par une section descendante VD2 dans la première partie (97) du second module (93), puis une portion VL2 dans la chambre de liaison (101) et enfin par une portion ascendante VA2 dans la seconde partie (98) du second module (93).The fluid circuit is then extended by a descending section V D2 in the first part (97) of the second module (93), then a portion V L2 in the connection chamber (101) and finally by an ascending portion V A2 in the second portion (98) of the second module (93).
On obtient alors ainsi un échangeur dans lequel deux phases de dévésiculation, avec une circulation à reflux (VA1, VA2) est réalisée au niveau de chaque circuit de fluide réfrigérant (CF1, CF2).An exchanger is thus obtained in which two de-bonding phases with reflux circulation (V A1 , V A2 ) are carried out at each refrigerant circuit (CF 1 , CF 2 ).
Dans cette variante, les condensats (C1, C2) peuvent être récupérés indépendamment, ce qui peut s'avérer avantageux pour des applications spécifiques, comme le retour des condensats à deux niveaux différents d'une colonne de distillation.In this variant, the condensates (C 1 , C 2 ) can be recovered independently, which can be advantageous for applications specific, such as the return of condensates to two different levels of a distillation column.
Il ressort de ce qui précède que l'échangeur conforme à l'invention présente de multiples avantages, et notamment en combinant à la fois une bonne efficacité dans le processus de condensation avec une compacité qui le rend apte à être installé de manière simple dans de multiples installations. En outre, grâce à un tel condenseur on bénéficie d'une simplification de la connexion concernant le fluide à condenser.It follows from the foregoing that the exchanger according to the invention has many advantages, and in particular by combining both a good efficiency in the condensation process with a compactness that makes it able to be installed in a simple manner in multiple installations. In addition, thanks to such a condenser, there is a simplification of the connection concerning the fluid to be condensed.
Parmi les applications industrielles de ce type d'échangeurs, on peut citer la condensation en tête de colonne de distillation ou la condensation des effluents de réacteurs utilisés en chimie fine ou pharmacie. Among the industrial applications of this type of exchanger, mention may be made of condensation at the top of the distillation column or condensation of reactor effluents used in fine chemistry or pharmacy.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1/ Echangeur thermique (1), du type condenseur, comportant un ensemble de plaques soudées, définissant entre elles des circuits de fluide s'interpénétrant, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux modules (52,53) de plaques soudées, chaque module présentant un circuit de fluide réfrigérant indépendant (CF1, CF2), et une chambre de liaison (66) reliant en série deux modules sur le circuit de fluide à condenser V, de sorte que le sens de circulation (VD, VA) du fluide à condenser est inversé au passage d'un module (52) au module suivant (53).1 / heat exchanger (1), of the condenser type, comprising a set of welded plates, defining between them interpenetrating fluid circuits, characterized in that it comprises at least two modules (52, 53) of welded plates, each module having an independent refrigerant circuit (CF 1 , CF 2 ), and a connecting chamber (66) connecting in series two modules on the fluid circuit to be condensed V, so that the direction of circulation (V D , V A ) of the fluid to be condensed is reversed when a module (52) passes to the next module (53).
2/ Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fluide réfrigérant (CF2)du deuxième module (53) a une température plus faible que le fluide réfrigérant (CF1) du premier module (52).2 / heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the coolant (CF 2 ) of the second module (53) has a lower temperature than the refrigerant (CF 1 ) of the first module (52).
3/ Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de liaison (66) est définie dans l'espace séparant les faces (67,70) des modules orientées d'un même côté de l'échangeur, et les parois externes (2) de l'échangeur.3 / heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting chamber (66) is defined in the space between the faces (67,70) of the modules oriented on the same side of the exchanger, and the walls external (2) of the exchanger.
4/ Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de liaison (66) présente une paroi (83) située entre les deux modules (52,53).4 / heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting chamber (66) has a wall (83) located between the two modules (52,53).
5/ Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que paroi (83) de la chambre de liaison comporte deux parties de liaison (81,82) située entre les deux modules (52,53), et assemblées l'une à l'autre.5 / heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall (83) of the connecting chamber comprises two connecting portions (81,82) located between the two modules (52,53), and assembled one to the other. 'other.
6/ Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la paroi (83) présente une capacité de déformation élastique selon la direction entre modules.6 / heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall (83) has a resilient deformation capacity in the direction between modules.
Il Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la paroi (83) possède un soufflet de dilatation (88). 8/ Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux modules (52,53) présentent des volumes différents.Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that the wall (83) has a dilatation bellows (88). 8 / heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the two modules (52,53) have different volumes.
9/ Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le second module (53) parcouru par le circuit du flux à condenser est de moindre volume que le premier (52).9 / heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that the second module (53) traversed by the flow circuit to be condensed is of less volume than the first (52).
10/ Echangeur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dans chaque module, le circuit de fluide à condenser comporte deux segments (VD1, VA1 ; VD2, VA2) en série orientés dans le sens opposé. 10 / heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that in each module, the fluid circuit to be condensed comprises two segments (V D1 , V A1 , V D2 , V A2 ) in series oriented in the opposite direction.
EP06778968A 2005-06-29 2006-06-23 Condenser-type welded-plate heat exchanger Not-in-force EP1896789B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0551814A FR2887970B1 (en) 2005-06-29 2005-06-29 THERMAL EXCHANGER WITH WELD PLATES, CONDENSER TYPE
PCT/FR2006/050623 WO2007003838A2 (en) 2005-06-29 2006-06-23 Condenser-type welded-plate heat exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1896789A2 true EP1896789A2 (en) 2008-03-12
EP1896789B1 EP1896789B1 (en) 2008-10-22

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JP (1) JP2009500585A (en)
CN (1) CN100561095C (en)
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CA (1) CA2609981C (en)
DE (1) DE602006003343D1 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2887970A1 (en) 2007-01-05
WO2007003838A3 (en) 2007-06-28
US20080196871A1 (en) 2008-08-21
CA2609981C (en) 2012-08-14
CN100561095C (en) 2009-11-18
DE602006003343D1 (en) 2008-12-04
FR2887970B1 (en) 2007-09-07
US8443869B2 (en) 2013-05-21
ATE412155T1 (en) 2008-11-15
CN101203723A (en) 2008-06-18
WO2007003838A2 (en) 2007-01-11
CA2609981A1 (en) 2007-01-11
EP1896789B1 (en) 2008-10-22
JP2009500585A (en) 2009-01-08

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