US663602A - Heat-absorber for defecating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

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Implication filed May 5, 1899.)

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HEAT'ABSORBEB FOR DEFECATING-APPARATUS.

(Application filed May', 1899;) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

lr v l o @En No. 663,602. Patented Dec. n, i900. e. w. DEMI'NG.

HEAT ABSORBEB FOR DEFECATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed May 5, 1899.) (N0 Mdel.) 3 Shams-'Sheet 3.

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Unire STATES FICE@ EUGENE WATSON DEMING, OF NEV ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

HEAT-ABSORBER FOR DEFECATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 663,602, dated December 1 1, 1900- Application led May 5, 1899. Serial No. 715,699. (No model.) i

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, EUGENE WATSON DEM- ING, of New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans and State of Louisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Absorbers for Use in Apparatus for Defecating Liquids; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention embraces certain improvements in heat-absorbing devices designed for use in apparatus for defecating or removing impurities from liquids, such as saccharine solutions and other solutions requiring chemical action for their removal, such apparatus having general characteristics like those shown and described in United States Letters Patent No. 531,460, granted to me on the 25th day of December, 1894.

The invention consists in the device and combination of devices herein described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, partly broken away, of an absorber made in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a front end elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal vertical section of the absorber with parts broken away. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail sections taken on the lines 4 4 and 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 illustrates the manner of connecting my improved heat-absorber with a digester of common form.

Said absorber consists of a plurality of pipes O,arranged, as herein shown, one above the other, each having a tube or tubes D inclosed therein, said pipes having communication with each other alternately at the front and rear ends of the absorber, and the tubes havinglike communication,whereby two separate and continuous indirect passages are provided from the upper to the lower part of the absorber, through which the Huid may be directed. As the absorber is used in the apparatus shown in my said prior patent, one of said passages constitutes a cold-liquid conductor-as, for instance, cane -juice as it comes from the Crusher on its way to a heating tank or digester-While the other passage is designed to conduct the heated liquid discharged from the digester through the absorber, whereby a portion of the heat of said heated liquid will be absorbed by the cold liquid, so that the incoming or cooler liquid will be delivered to the digester in a relatively heated state and the outgoing or heated liquid will be discharged from the absorber in a relatively cool state. The said pipes O are desirably made of wrought met-al, while the inner tubes D will preferably be made of copper or like material, it being desirable that said innertubes be made thinner than the pipes and of a metal possessing a high degree of heat conductivity. Said pipes are supported in frames consisting of standards or columns E and integral or rigidly-attached vertical side members E', between which said pipes are confined one above the other. Three frames are herein shown, one being located ad jacent to each end of the device and the other at or near the longitudinal centers thereof. Said pipes, except-the lower one, are directly sustained upon cross-bars E2, which extend between the said members of the frame. Said cross-bars are screw-threaded at their opposite ends, which screw-threaded portions pass through openings e, Fig.5, inthe side members of the frame and are engaged by clampingnuts e'. Said cross-bars are preferably made of such width as to iill the space between each two adjacent pipes, so that each pipe may be made to support a portion or all of the weight of the pipes above the same. The apertures c are preferably made vertically elongated, so that said cross-bars may be fitted to the frame memhers without the necessity of using care to accurately locate said slots or apertures. The upper ends of said frame members E' are clamped together by means of cross-bolts E3. As before stated, the ends of said pipes and tubes have communication alternately at the opposite ends of the absorber, whereby continuous indirect passages are provided from ,the upper to the lower part of the absorber.

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by bolts f, passing through external lateral Hanges j" on said heads. Each of said *heads is divided into two chambers F' F2 by a vertical partition or diaphragm F3, located between the ends thereof. The tubes D within said pipes C extend between said partitions or diaphragms and pass into or through openits opening is interposed a suitable packingring, which surrounds the tube. The inner chamber F2 of said heads communicates with the interior of the pipes C or with the spaces surrounding the tubes D.

The chambers F F2 of the head connected with the rear end of the upper pipe of the absorber communicate with the corresponding chambers in the next lower head through oppositelylocated radial openings or passages f3f4 in the adjacent walls of said heads, as shown in Fig. 4, whereby the interior of the upper pipe C is in communication with the next lower pipe through the medium of the chambers F2 and the upper sets of tubes D communicate with the next adjacent set through the chambers F' of said heads. The chambers in the head connected with the forward end of the second pipe communicate similarly with the chambers in the next adjacent head through openings or passages f3 f* in the adjacent walls thereof. This construction is continued throughout the absorber, the pipes and tubes being alternately connected at the opposite ends of the absorber, so that contin uous backward and forward passages for the solution are afforded from the upper to the lower part of the absorber. The walls of said heads opposite to the walls containing the openings fsf* are imperforateor blank, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to prevent the passage of the fluid directly from the chambers contained in such adjacent heads. Between the walls of the open sides of said heads, or those containing the openings ff, are interposed suitable packing-strips f5, which prevent leakage of the liquid between the same.

The heads F are normally closed at their outer ends by means of removable plates f6, which are herein shown as circular, and said plates are held in place by means of yokes or cross-bars f7, which pass transversely across the plates and engage between their ends apertured lugs fg thereon, and are connected at their opposite ends with the end walls of the heads by means of clamping-bolts f8. Said plates are made removable, so that the interior of the heads may be made accessible for the purpose of inspecting and cleaning the same. Any other suitable means may, however, be employed forclosing the outer ends thereof.

The head F, attached to the forward end of the upper pipe C, is provided with two lateral openings F6 and F7, the former communicating with vthe chamber F' and the tubes D, and the latter communicating with the chamber F2 and the interior of the pipes C. Similarly the head connecting with the forward end of the lowermost pipe is provided with other lateral openings F8 F9, the former of `which communicates with the chamber F of said head and the latter Aof which communicates with the chamber F2;

G designates a digester, which may be constructed like that shown in my prior patent, hereinbefore referred to, or in any other suitable manner. The induction side of the digester is connected with the passage F9 by a liquid to be treated,'and alike pipe F11 is connected with the passage F6 and designed to lead to a place for the disposal of the heated liquid.

In practiceit is usual for the cold liquidas, for instance, cane-juice as it comes from the crusher-to pass through the outer pipes of 'the absorber, while the liquid discharged from the digester passes through the inner tubes. In the present construct-ion the cold liquid passes into the upper side of the absorber through the pipe F10 and passage FT and is discharged from .the lower side through the passage F and the pipe G to the digester, while the hot liquid discharged from the digester through the pipe G2 enters the absorber through the passage FS at the lower side thereof and is discharged therefrom through the passage F6 and pipe F11 at the upper side. As before stated, the cold liquid which passes through the pipes C surrounds the conducting-tubes D for the hot liquid, and thereby absorbs a portion of the heat therefrom, so that said liquid is discharged from the absorber in a partially-heated state, while the liquid from the digester is discharged from the digester in a relatively cool state.

As herein shown, the pipe C is provided with two conducting-tubes D of relatively sm all diam eter, but may be provided with one or more than two tubes, as found desirable. Said inner tubes,whate vernumber employed, are made of such size that the cross-sectional area thereof or the combined cross-sectional areas, if two or more are employed, are equal or approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of the space within the outer pipe, which surrounds said inner tube or tubes. This is an important feature of my invention, as will appear from a consideration of the following: As before stated, the absorbing device herlein shown is adapted to be used in connection with one or more digesters or heating-tanks,

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the cold liquid passing through one of the passages or channels of the absorber on its way to the said digester or digesters and the heated liquid from the digester or digesters passing through the other passage or channel on its Way to said tank or other place where said liquid may be directed. The same liquid, therefore, passes successively through both the inner and outer passages or channels. Such liquids as the juice of sugar-cane carry in suspen sion a relatively large amount of solid matter, such as earthy matter, which clings to the cane-stalks and is Washed therefrom in the process of crushing the same, and it is necessary in order to prevent sedimentation that the liquid traverse all parts of the apparatus, and especially the passage forcold liquid,with a certain minimum speed. Otherwise the solid matter in the incoming liquid will become separated from the liquid and will accumulate in the passage or channel through which the liquid is passing, so as to form a layer of such solid matter between the cold and heated liquids, and therefore interfere with the absorption of the heat from the heated liquid by the cold liquid and also in time materially decrease the capacity of the said passage. If the conducting-passage for the cold solution be made of greater crosssectional area than the conducting-passage for the heated solution, it will result in decreasing the speed of the cold liquid through its passage, so that sedimentation within said passage occurs. If, on the other hand, the passage for the heated liquid be made of greater cross-sectional area than that for the cold liquid,the velocityin said first-mentioned passage would be retarded with the disadvantage before mentioned. By makingboth inside and outside passages of the same crosssectional area the liquid may be maintained at a predetermined speed, which is such as to prevent sedimentation and to avoid the disadvantages arising therefrom. Moreover, in the construction described, wherein the inner and outer conducting-pipes are made of approximately-equal cross-sectional areas, the velocity of the liquid may be so controlled as to remove any sediment which may collect within the conducting-passage when the liquid therein is at rest. The concave bottom surface of the conducting-pipes assist materially in preventing the accumulation of sediment and in the scrubbing action mentioned.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination of a digesterand aheatabsorber forliquids which carry in suspension solid mattei', said absorber comprising an outer conduit and an inner conduit or conduits, one of which is connected with a pipe leading to the induction side of the digester and the other with a pipe vleading from the eduction side of the digcster, whereby liquid delivered to the absorber passes through both inner and outer conduits and the digester, the inner conduit or conduits being made of approximately the same cross-sectional area as the space in the outer conduit surrounding the saine.

2. The combination with a digester and a heat-absorber for liquids which carry in suspension solid matter, said absorber comprising a plurality of conduits which have communication alternately at the front and rear of the device, and one or more conduits inA each of said first conduits which have similar communication with each other at their ends but have no communication With the first conduits, the inner conduits being made approximately of the same cross-sectional area as the spaces in the outer conduits which surround the same, and said inner and out-er conduits being connected respectively, at one side of the absorber, with lthe induction and eduction sides of the digester, whereby liquid delivered to said absorber passes successively through one set of the conduits, the digester and the other setof the conduits.

3. The combination with a digester and a heat-absorber for liquids which carry in suspension solid matter, the absorber comprising two pipes arranged side by side, a tubular head connected With the adjacent ends of each of said pipes and provided With a diaphragm dividing said head into two chambers, one of which is in communication with the interior of the pipe connected therewith, tubes contained in said pipes which pass at their outer ends through Said diaphragms and are in communication with the other chambers of said heads, the corresponding chambers of said heads being connected through lateral openings in the side Walls thereof, the cross-sectional area of said inner tube or tubes of each pipe being approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of the space in the pipe surrounding the tube or tubes, and the chambers at one side of the absorber being connected respectively with the induction and eduction sides of the digester, whereby liquid delivered to the absorber passes through said pipes and tubes of the absorber and through the digester.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 1st day of May, A. D. 1899.

EUGENE WATSON DEMING.

Witnesses:

L. PENOT VILLARS, O. RoBr. CHURCHILL.

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