EP1887144B1 - Spreading vehicle for servicing of roads in winter - Google Patents
Spreading vehicle for servicing of roads in winter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1887144B1 EP1887144B1 EP06016015A EP06016015A EP1887144B1 EP 1887144 B1 EP1887144 B1 EP 1887144B1 EP 06016015 A EP06016015 A EP 06016015A EP 06016015 A EP06016015 A EP 06016015A EP 1887144 B1 EP1887144 B1 EP 1887144B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle according
- guide element
- gritting
- gritting vehicle
- spreading disk
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/12—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials
- E01C19/20—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders
- E01C19/205—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders the material being spread by means of a gaseous current
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/12—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials
- E01C19/20—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders
- E01C19/201—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders with driven loosening, discharging or spreading parts, e.g. power-driven, drive derived from road-wheels
- E01C19/202—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders with driven loosening, discharging or spreading parts, e.g. power-driven, drive derived from road-wheels solely rotating, e.g. discharging and spreading drums
- E01C19/203—Centrifugal spreaders with substantially vertical axis
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H10/00—Improving gripping of ice-bound or other slippery traffic surfaces, e.g. using gritting or thawing materials ; Roadside storage of gritting or solid thawing materials; Permanently installed devices for applying gritting or thawing materials; Mobile apparatus specially adapted for treating wintry roads by applying liquid, semi-liquid or granular materials
- E01H10/007—Mobile apparatus specially adapted for preparing or applying liquid or semi-liquid thawing material or spreading granular material on wintry roads
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spreader for or on a scattering vehicle and equipped with the spreader Winterdienst-Streuhus, the spreader comprises a grit container and a spreader having a rotating about a substantially vertical axis scattering plate for fan-like spreading of grit from the grit container ,
- Winter service spreaders of this type are usually set up so that they are able to disperse both so-called blunting grit - namely sand or split - as well as detergents - especially salts - in a dry or moistened state.
- road salt is often moistened before or during the scattering process with a dosed added liquid, the so-called brine, so it adheres better on the traffic areas and both during and after the scattering by the natural wind or the wind of the scattering vehicle or other vehicles much less Danger is exposed to being blown away.
- the quality of spreaders was evaluated and optimized as part of a standstill trial.
- the scatter pattern is observed behind a stationary vehicle.
- Such attempts disregard the influence of the wind, which still causes very large turbulence and drift effects at high speeds, even when the material is moist. Therefore, the spread pattern is now being investigated behind a moving littering vehicle, with top speeds of more than 60 km / h being considered for use on motorways.
- the DE 33 25 940 C1 was already proposed in 1983 to dispose of the Verwirbelungs- and Verwehungs compacte at fast-moving gritting vehicles above the spreader mecanicwindleit lake that detect the lateral and / or upper wind and so directed down to the scattering disc generated by the spreading disc, that the scattering plate fan-shaped leaving grit is pressed during its flight by the directed from top to bottom air flow directly on the traffic area to be sprinkled.
- the requirementwindleit resonance may be formed as a flat or curved, from top front to back bottom inclined wall, as a hood-like wind tunnel or a shell-shaped hood with down-constricting shape.
- the downwardly directed air flow also influences the trajectory of the scattering material and thereby the scattering pattern that forms on the road surface, whereby this influence changes both with increasing travel speed due to the increased air speed as well as with different types of scattering.
- An automatic control of theêtwindleit vom-positioning for adjusting the acting from the top of the grit fan wind to different speeds and to be discharged Streustoffart is very complex.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to propose measures to eliminate as far as possible the turbulence and drifting effects that are disadvantageous to the homogeneity of the scattering pattern and which occur due to the relative wind in the wake of a scattering vehicle.
- a first measure for reducing the Verwirbelungs- and Verwehungs fare is to provide predominantlywindleit lake on the rear in the direction of travel of the grit container, the originallywindleit vomit vomit vomit vomit vomitas on the right and left of the grit container each comprise at least one lateral guide element, which are arranged such that they detect lateral wind, the one from their downstream ends to the rear, d. H. against the direction of travel, can flow.
- the lateral airstream is thus not directed down to the spreading compartments, but the lateral guide elements have primarily the function of breaking the lateral airstream into partial streams.
- the lateral guide elements deflect the lateral airflow toward the spreader or vehicle center.
- they can be wing-shaped. By deflecting the lateral airstream towards the center into the wake of the scattering vehicle, the width of the dead water area in the air flow behind the vehicle and, as a result, the size and energy of the vortex bales can be significantly reduced.
- the spreader is equipped with a device by means of which an essentially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane air flow can be generated.
- This air flow is preferably directly over, but may additionally or alternatively also be produced under the spreading plate. It protects the grit compartments in particular from above-acting, but also from laterally acting air currents.
- an air flow generated under the spreading plate parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane it should be taken into account that this can also have an effect on the spreading pattern, since the spreading material is carried further with the generated air flow before it hits the road surface.
- an essentially horizontal guide element for example a guide plate, is arranged above the spreading plate to produce the air flow substantially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane.
- a horizontal guide element may also be provided below the spreading plate, wherein a guide element arranged below the spreading plate can only have comparatively small dimensions, in order to avoid a collision with the scattering groove fan being thrown off the spreading plate.
- the upper guide element can be designed over a large area and extend far back over the spreading plate.
- the horizontal guide element may be formed as a semicircle or half ellipse with a diameter corresponding to the vehicle width or the grit container width and extend horizontally from the vehicle end to the rear.
- the horizontal guide element prevents directed from the top or from below on the spreading plate air streams detect the grit fan. Instead, such air streams are discharged substantially horizontally across the baffle. This results in an air flow substantially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane above or below the spreading plate.
- dissipation elements are preferably provided, which decomposes the substantially parallel air flow into partial streams.
- flow structures acting in a direction transverse to the main flow direction are interrupted.
- the wake flow can be decomposed into a plurality of small swirl pots, which decay comparatively quickly and thus less influence the scattering pattern.
- these dissipation elements are oriented approximately radially, so that the flow field is fanned out and the grit compartments are surrounded by a flow fan.
- At least one upper guide element in addition as beforewindleit Structure, as it is known from DE 33 25 940 C1 is basically known and which serves to guide the wind, in particular from above the vehicle or grit container down to the horizontal guide element.
- the so redirected upper air flow then hits approximately perpendicular to the horizontal guide element, preferably with a small component counter to the direction of travel, so that it is automatically redirected in a horizontal and thus parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane.
- the more perpendicular the redirected upper airstream flow the stronger the stagnation point effect on the horizontal guide element and the more uniformly this flow is diverted by the horizontal guide element in the radial direction, so that automatically sets a fan-like flow field.
- the upper guide element can be combined with the lateral guide elements described above, wherein it may be advantageous to form the lateral guide elements at least at the level of the horizontal guide element not as guide vanes, but just to the fan-like flow field of not to adversely affect the parallel air flow generated by the horizontal guide element.
- At least a portion of the upper airstream may also be directed to below the spreading plate to produce there a substantially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane air flow.
- the upper guide element may be formed, for example, tubular, so that the upper air flow is passed through the upper guide element, or shell-like, as for example from the DE 3325940 C1 is known.
- the effect of the upper guide element can be enhanced.
- a brine supply line for supplying brine may be provided in the upper airstream guided by the upper guide element. Similar to the devices for deicing aircraft wings before take-off, the sprayed brine, with a corresponding droplet size distribution, impinges on the horizontal guide element from above and migrates on the guide element as liquid film predominantly to the trailing edge of the guide element. As a result, icing of the horizontal guide element is prevented.
- To reinforce the parallel air flow relative to the horizontal guide element may be provided instead of the upper guide element and any means for actively generating an air flow, for example by means of a blower, a turbine or the like.
- this nozzle can suck in and accelerate wind from underneath the vehicle and blow air flow over and / or under the grit fan compartments protecting the grit fan compartments.
- a flow device according to the geometry of a Laval nozzle whose opening is located with a large cross section in the direction of travel to detect ground-level wind, and whose smaller outlet opening is opposite to the direction of travel, wherein the cross section of the nozzle from the inlet to the outlet opening passes through a minimum.
- the above-described invention can be developed advantageously by at least one vertical guide element is provided as a further switchingwindleit phenomenon, which is arranged approximately centrally to the grit container and aligned in the direction of travel.
- the vertical guide element can be arranged, for example, on the surface of the horizontal guide element facing away from the spreading plate.
- the vertical guide element in the direction of travel can extend far beyond the scattering plate and beyond the horizontal guide element.
- the for this purpose the disorderwindleitinci may be formed as a hollow body, so that they are heated from the inside.
- the hollow body can be flowed through with a warm medium, wherein as the warm medium preferably the exhaust gases of the winter maintenance vehicle are used.
- the hollow body can be directly or indirectly connected to the exhaust system of a winter maintenance vehicle.
- Another way to avoid ice deposition is to pressurize the cavities at intervals with air pressure from the brake system. As a result, the surface expands so that ice deposits flake off.
- the guide elements made of a flexible material, for. As plastic, formed.
- Fig. 1 shows a scattering vehicle 1 according to a first embodiment in plan view.
- a grit container 3 for the storage of grit 4 is mounted on a bed 2 .
- a grit container 3 for the storage of grit 4 is mounted on a bed 2 .
- lateral guide elements 6 are attached.
- the lateral guide elements 6 are formed as a guide vanes to direct lateral airflow 7 of the flanks 8 of the scattering vehicle 1 in the caster 9.
- the lateral guide elements 6 can be made jointly or individually adjustable to vary the skimming height and thus to make an adjustment to the crosswind situation.
- the guide vanes 6 are designed as hollow bodies and are connected to an exhaust device of the winter maintenance vehicle (not shown) to flow through the guide vanes 6 to avoid icing with a warm medium.
- the hollow body can also be acted upon with compressed air, the z. B. is diverted briefly from the brake system.
- the compressed air supply leads to an expansion of the hollow body profile and thus to a chipping of icing.
- a largely horizontal guide element 11 is installed in the illustrated variant of this embodiment above a spreading plate 10 in the form of a baffle.
- the flow field 12 above the horizontal baffle 11 is decoupled from a scattered from the scattering plate 10 grit fan below the horizontal baffle 11 in a respect to the baffle dimension - but not with respect to the Leitblech Sign- short section.
- the flow field 12 flowing away from the trailing edge 14 of the horizontal guide plate 11 is substantially parallel to the plane of rotation of the spreading plate 10 and, accordingly, substantially parallel to the scattering groove trailed by the spreading plate 10.
- a vertical guide element 16 is further installed above the horizontal baffle 11, which is designed as a flat baffle and extends from the rear end of the grit container 3 to beyond the rear end of the horizontal baffle 11 addition ,
- the vertical baffle 16 is located centrally to the vehicle 1 and extends parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- the exact location and design of the vertical baffle 16 also depends on the location and design of the other spreader components, in particular the position of the hopper 10 leading downpipe 17 from. Location and shape of spreading plate 10 and downpipe 17 are in Fig. 1 therefore only shown schematically.
- Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment, which also includes the horizontal guide plate 11 with the attached wedge-shaped dissipation elements 15 for dividing the flow field in partial flows 13.
- a pivotable about a pivot axis 18 upper guide element 19 is provided above the grit container 3, which is similar to the above-described guide vanes 6 designed as a guide wing to guide upper airstream 20 down to the horizontal baffle 11.
- a brine supply line ends in a brine nozzle 24, by means of which brine is injected into the upper airstream 20 covered by the upper guide vane 19 in order to protect the horizontal baffle 11 from icing.
- the upper guide wing 19 is again hollow, so as to be able to flow through it in a manner not shown by means of a warm medium and to protect against icing, in particular when flowing with exhaust gases of the scattering vehicle. 1
- the pivot axis 18 serves primarily to be able to pivot the upper guide vanes 19 from the grit container 3 to the rear in order to refill the grit container 3, for example, or to be able to remove it from the loading area 2.
- this pivotal arrangement also allows a relatively simple variation of the flow direction above the baffle 11, which may be advantageous for adaptation to the spreading condition.
- the connecting struts between the pivot axis 18 and the guide vanes 19 may be designed as lateral guide vanes.
- the lateral guide elements 6 are in this embodiment not as a guide vanes but as planar guide elements, for example in the form of baffles, executed, which are here aligned preferably aligned with the vehicle edge 8 and extending down to the horizontal baffle 11.
- the side baffles 6 are thus not used here to skim the wind, but protect the diverted airstream 20 'and the scattering compartments from lateral influences by the side airstream 7 is divided by the side baffles 6 in part streams.
- Fig. 3 shows a variant of the upper guide element, which is not designed as a guide wing 19 but as a guide tube 21 here. Incidentally, this differs in Fig. 3 perspective scattering vehicle not shown in the Fig. 2 shown scattering vehicle, even if in Fig. 3 was dispensed with the representation of the other components of the spreader.
- Fig. 2 is still a second variant for generating a plane of rotation of the spreading plate 10 substantially parallel flow shown.
- a nozzle 22 designed in the manner of a Laval nozzle is provided, which detects ground-level wind 23 with its large inlet opening pointing in the direction of travel and passes through its narrowing to the smaller outlet opening, from where it flows around the spreading plate 10 essentially in the horizontal direction to create a protective air flow around the grit fan in this way.
- the nozzle 22 can be positioned below and / or in particular above the spreading plate 10. It may, but need not, be combined with the above-described components of the spreader, that is to say in particular the horizontal guide element 11, the upper guide elements 19, 21 and / or the lateral guide elements 6.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Streugerät für ein oder an einem Streufahrzeug sowie ein mit dem Streugerät ausgerüstetes Winterdienst-Streufahrzeug, wobei das Streugerät einen Streugutbehälter und eine Streuvorrichtung umfasst, die einen um eine im Wesentlichen vertikale Achse rotierenden Streuteller zum fächerartigen Ausstreuen von Streugut aus dem Streugutbehälter besitzt.The invention relates to a spreader for or on a scattering vehicle and equipped with the spreader Winterdienst-Streufahrzeug, the spreader comprises a grit container and a spreader having a rotating about a substantially vertical axis scattering plate for fan-like spreading of grit from the grit container ,
Winterdienst-Streugeräte dieser Bauart sind in der Regel so eingerichtet, dass sie in der Lage sind, sowohl sogenanntes abstumpfendes Streugut - nämlich Sand oder Split - als auch Taustoffe - insbesondere Salze - in trockenem oder angefeuchtetem Zustand auszustreuen. Dabei wird Streusalz häufig vor oder während des Ausstreuvorgangs mit einer dosiert beigegebenen Flüssigkeit angefeuchtet, der sogenannten Sole, damit es auf den Verkehrsflächen besser haftet und sowohl während als auch nach dem Ausstreuen durch den natürlichen Wind oder den Fahrtwind des Streufahrzeugs oder anderer Fahrzeuge wesentlich weniger der Gefahr ausgesetzt ist, verweht zu werden.Winter service spreaders of this type are usually set up so that they are able to disperse both so-called blunting grit - namely sand or split - as well as detergents - especially salts - in a dry or moistened state. In this case, road salt is often moistened before or during the scattering process with a dosed added liquid, the so-called brine, so it adheres better on the traffic areas and both during and after the scattering by the natural wind or the wind of the scattering vehicle or other vehicles much less Danger is exposed to being blown away.
Lange Zeit hat man die Qualität von Streugeräten im Rahmen eines Stillstandsversuchs bewertet und optimiert. Beim Stillstandsversuch wird das Streubild hinter einem stehenden Fahrzeug beobachtet. Derartige Versuche lassen den Fahrtwindeinfluss außer Acht, der bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten selbst bei angefeuchtetem Streugut noch sehr große Verwirbelungs- und Verwehungseffekte verursacht. Daher wird das Streubild inzwischen hinter einem sich fortbewegenden Streufahrzeug untersucht, wobei für den Einsatz auf Autobahnen Spitzengeschwindigkeiten von mehr als 60 km/h zu berücksichtigen sind. Während sich im Fahrtwindnachlauf des Streufahrzeugs bereits bei Geschwindigkeiten unter 40 km/h Wirbel bilden, die sich entsprechend der Theorie der Kármán'schen Wirbelstraße abwechselnd auf der linken bzw. rechten Seite vom Fahrzeugende ablösen und wie große aerodynamische Besen hinter dem Fahrzeug von links nach rechts bzw. von rechts nach links über die Straße fegen und den gleichmäßigen Streugutaustrag erheblich beeinträchtigen, kommt es bei höheren Geschwindigkeiten aufgrund der dementsprechend hohen Reynolds-Zahlen zu einem Übergang von einer regelmäßigen Wirbelstraße zu einer turbulenten Nachlaufströmung mit unregelmäßigen Wirbeln, die sehr grobskalig und besonders e-nergiereich sind.For a long time, the quality of spreaders was evaluated and optimized as part of a standstill trial. During the standstill test, the scatter pattern is observed behind a stationary vehicle. Such attempts disregard the influence of the wind, which still causes very large turbulence and drift effects at high speeds, even when the material is moist. Therefore, the spread pattern is now being investigated behind a moving littering vehicle, with top speeds of more than 60 km / h being considered for use on motorways. While in the head wind follower of the scattering vehicle already at speeds below 40 km / h vortex form, which according to the theory of Kármán vortex street alternately on the Replacing the left and right sides of the vehicle end and sweeping like large aerodynamic brooms behind the vehicle from left to right or from right to left on the road and significantly affect the uniform sputum output, it comes at higher speeds due to the correspondingly high Reynolds numbers a transition from a regular vortex street to a turbulent wake flow with irregular vortexes, which are very coarse-scaled and particularly e-energetic.
In der
Der nach unten gerichtete Luftstrom beeinflusst allerdings auch die Flugbahn des Streustoffs und dadurch das sich auf der Fahrbahn ausbildende Streubild, wobei sich dieser Einfluss sowohl mit zunehmender Fahrgeschwindigkeit aufgrund der dadurch erhöhten Fahrtwindgeschwindigkeit als auch mit unterschiedlichen Streustoffarten ändert. Eine automatische Steuerung der Fahrtwindleitflächen-Positionierung zur Anpassung des von oben auf den Streugutfächer wirkenden Fahrtwinds an unterschiedliche Fahrgeschwindigkeiten und auszutragende Streustoffarten ist sehr komplex.However, the downwardly directed air flow also influences the trajectory of the scattering material and thereby the scattering pattern that forms on the road surface, whereby this influence changes both with increasing travel speed due to the increased air speed as well as with different types of scattering. An automatic control of the Fahrtwindleitflächen-positioning for adjusting the acting from the top of the grit fan wind to different speeds and to be discharged Streustoffarten is very complex.
Aus der
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, Maßnahmen vorzuschlagen, um die sich auf die Homogenität des Streubildes nachteilig auswirkenden Verwirbelungs- und Verwehungseffekte, welche aufgrund des Fahrtwinds im Nachlauf eines Streufahrzeuges auftreten, möglichst weitgehend auszuschalten.The object of the present invention is therefore to propose measures to eliminate as far as possible the turbulence and drifting effects that are disadvantageous to the homogeneity of the scattering pattern and which occur due to the relative wind in the wake of a scattering vehicle.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Streugerät mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie durch ein damit ausgestattetes Winterdienst-Streufahrzeug gelöst. In davon abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung angegeben.This object is achieved by a spreader with the features of claim 1 and by a so equipped winter service scatter vehicle. In dependent claims advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are given.
Eine erste Maßnahme zur Verminderung der Verwirbelungs- und Verwehungseffekte besteht darin, Fahrtwindleitflächen an dem in Fahrtrichtung hinteren Ende des Streugutbehälters vorzusehen, wobei die Fahrtwindleitflächen rechts und links des Streugutbehälters jeweils mindestens ein seitliches Leitelement umfassen, welche derart angeordnet sind, dass sie seitlichen Fahrtwind erfassen, der von ihren abströmseitigen Enden nach hinten, d. h. entgegen der Fahrtrichtung, abströmen kann.A first measure for reducing the Verwirbelungs- and Verwehungseffekte is to provide Fahrtwindleitflächen on the rear in the direction of travel of the grit container, the Fahrtwindleitflächen on the right and left of the grit container each comprise at least one lateral guide element, which are arranged such that they detect lateral wind, the one from their downstream ends to the rear, d. H. against the direction of travel, can flow.
Der seitliche Fahrtwind wird somit nicht nach unten auf den Streufächer geleitet, sondern die seitlichen Leitelemente haben vornehmlich die Funktion, den seitlichen Fahrtwind in Teilströme zu zerlegen. Versuche haben ergeben, dass sich auf diese Weise die balligen Strukturen der Nachlaufverwirbelungen zumindest deutlich reduzieren lassen, wodurch es möglich wird, die Homogenität des ausgestreuten Streubildes trotz erhöhter Fahrgeschwindigkeit in etwa gleich zu halten.The lateral airstream is thus not directed down to the spreading compartments, but the lateral guide elements have primarily the function of breaking the lateral airstream into partial streams. Experiments have shown that can be at least significantly reduce the spherical structures of the Nachlaufverwirbelungen in this way, making it possible to keep the homogeneity of the scattered scattered image despite increased speed approximately the same.
Vorzugsweise lenken die seitlichen Leitelemente dabei den seitlichen Fahrtwind zur Streugerät- bzw. Fahrzeugmitte hin ab. Dazu können sie flügelartig ausgebildet sein. Indem der seitliche Fahrtwind zur Mitte hin in den Nachlauf des Streufahrzeugs abgelenkt wird, lässt sich die Breite des Totwasserbereichs in der Luftströmung hinter dem Fahrzeug und im Ergebnis die Größe und Energie der Wirbelballen deutlich reduzieren.Preferably, the lateral guide elements deflect the lateral airflow toward the spreader or vehicle center. For this they can be wing-shaped. By deflecting the lateral airstream towards the center into the wake of the scattering vehicle, the width of the dead water area in the air flow behind the vehicle and, as a result, the size and energy of the vortex bales can be significantly reduced.
Zumindest im Falle der den seitlichen Fahrtwind zur Mitte hin ablenkenden Leitflügel ist es zweckmäßig, diese lediglich oberhalb des Streutellers und vorzugsweise bis zum Streuteller hinunter reichend auszubilden, da der zur Mitte hin abgelenkte seitliche Fahrtwind ansonsten unmittelbar den vom Streuteller ausgestreuten Streufächer beeinflusst. Im Falle ebener seitlicher Leitelemente ist es dagegen durchaus zweckmäßig, diese möglichst tief bis zum oder unter den Streuteller auszudehnen und auch möglichst lang hinter das Fahrzeug zu erstrecken, um im Nachlauf eine möglichst wenig turbulente und erst spät verwirbelnde Strömung zu erzielen.At least in the case of the lateral airstream deflecting to the middle guide vanes, it is expedient, this only above the spreading plate and preferably down to the spreading plate reaching down form, as the deflected towards the center lateral air flow otherwise directly influenced by the scattering plate scattering fans. In the case of planar side vanes, however, it is quite appropriate to extend them as deep as possible to or under the spreading plate and also extend as long as possible behind the vehicle in order to achieve the least turbulent in the wake and only late swirling flow.
Gemäß einer zweiten Maßnahme, die mit der ersten Maßnahme vorteilhaft kombiniert werden kann, wird das Streugerät mit einer Einrichtung ausgestattet, mittels der eine zur Streutellerrotationsebene im Wesentlichen parallele Luftströmung erzeugbar ist. Diese Luftströmung wird vorzugsweise unmittelbar über, kann aber zusätzlich oder alternativ auch unter dem Streuteller erzeugt werden. Sie schützt den Streugutfächer insbesondere vor von oben wirkenden, aber auch von seitlich wirkenden Luftströmungen. Im Falle einer unter dem Streuteller parallel zur Streutellerrotationsebene erzeugten Luftströmung ist zu berücksichtigen, dass sich dies auch auf das Streubild auswirken kann, da der Streustoff mit der erzeugten Luftströmung entsprechend weiter getragen wird, bevor er auf den Fahrbahnbelag trifft.According to a second measure, which can be advantageously combined with the first measure, the spreader is equipped with a device by means of which an essentially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane air flow can be generated. This air flow is preferably directly over, but may additionally or alternatively also be produced under the spreading plate. It protects the grit compartments in particular from above-acting, but also from laterally acting air currents. In the case of an air flow generated under the spreading plate parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane, it should be taken into account that this can also have an effect on the spreading pattern, since the spreading material is carried further with the generated air flow before it hits the road surface.
Es gibt unterschiedlichste Varianten, diese zur Streutellerrotationsebene parallele Luftströmung zu erzeugen. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die parallele Luftströmung als luftfächerartiges Strömungsfeld ausgebildet wird, so dass der Streustofffächer von einem Luftfächer umgeben ist.There are many different variants to produce this parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane air flow. It is advantageous if the parallel air flow is formed as a fan-like flow field, so that the scattering compartment is surrounded by an air fan.
Gemäß einer ersten Variante wird zur Erzeugung der zur Streutellerrotationsebene im Wesentlichen parallelen Luftströmung ein im Wesentlichen horizontales Leitelement, beispielsweise ein Leitblech, über dem Streuteller angeordnet. Zusätzlich (oder ggf. auch nur) kann ein solches horizontales Leitelement auch unter dem Streuteller vorgesehen sein, wobei ein unter dem Streuteller angeordnetes Leitelement nur vergleichsweise geringe Abmessungen aufweisen kann, um eine Kollision mit dem vom Streuteller abgeschleuderten Streugutfächer zu vermeiden. Das obere Leitelement kann dagegen großflächig ausgebildet sein und sich weit nach hinten über den Streuteller erstrecken. Beispielsweise kann das horizontale Leitelement als Halbkreis oder Halbellipse mit einem der Fahrzeugbreite oder der Streugutbehälterbreite entsprechenden Durchmesser ausgebildet sein und sich vom Fahrzeugende horizontal nach hinten erstrecken.According to a first variant, an essentially horizontal guide element, for example a guide plate, is arranged above the spreading plate to produce the air flow substantially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane. In addition (or possibly only), such a horizontal guide element may also be provided below the spreading plate, wherein a guide element arranged below the spreading plate can only have comparatively small dimensions, in order to avoid a collision with the scattering groove fan being thrown off the spreading plate. In contrast, the upper guide element can be designed over a large area and extend far back over the spreading plate. For example, the horizontal guide element may be formed as a semicircle or half ellipse with a diameter corresponding to the vehicle width or the grit container width and extend horizontally from the vehicle end to the rear.
Mittels des horizontalen Leitelements wird verhindert, dass von oben bzw. von unten auf den Streuteller gerichtete Luftströme den Streugutfächer erfassen. Stattdessen werden derartige Luftströme im Wesentlichen horizontal über das Leitelement abgeleitet. Dadurch ergibt sich eine zur Streutellerrotationsebene im Wesentlichen parallele Luftströmung über bzw. unter dem Streuteller.By means of the horizontal guide element prevents directed from the top or from below on the spreading plate air streams detect the grit fan. Instead, such air streams are discharged substantially horizontally across the baffle. This results in an air flow substantially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane above or below the spreading plate.
Auf der vom Streuteller abgewandten Seite des im Wesentlichen horizontalen Leitelements, also auf der die im Wesentlichen parallele Luftströmung erzeugenden Oberfläche des Leitelements, sind vorzugsweise Dissipationselemente vorgesehen, welche die im Wesentlichen parallele Luftströmung in Teilströme zerlegt. Dadurch werden Strömungsstrukturen, die in einer Richtung quer zur Hauptströmungsrichtung wirken, unterbrochen. Hierdurch kann die Nachlaufströmung in eine Vielzahl kleiner Wirbelzöpfe zerlegt werden, die vergleichsweise schnell zerfallen und das Streubild somit weniger beeinflussen. Vorteilhafterweise sind diese Dissipationselemente in etwa radial ausgerichtet, so dass das Strömungsfeld aufgefächert wird und der Streugutfächer von einem Strömungsfächer umgeben ist.On the side facing away from the spreading plate side of the substantially horizontal guide element, that is, on the surface of the guide element which generates the substantially parallel air flow, dissipation elements are preferably provided, which decomposes the substantially parallel air flow into partial streams. As a result, flow structures acting in a direction transverse to the main flow direction are interrupted. As a result, the wake flow can be decomposed into a plurality of small swirl pots, which decay comparatively quickly and thus less influence the scattering pattern. Advantageously, these dissipation elements are oriented approximately radially, so that the flow field is fanned out and the grit compartments are surrounded by a flow fan.
Im Zusammenhang mit dem oder den horizontalen Leitelementen über bzw. unter dem Streuteller ist es sinnvoll, zusätzlich als Fahrtwindleitfläche mindestens ein oberes Leitelement vorzusehen, wie es aus der
Das obere Leitelement kann mit den zuvor beschriebenen seitlichen Leitelementen kombiniert werden, wobei es vorteilhaft sein kann, die seitlichen Leitelemente zumindest auf Höhe des horizontalen Leitelements nicht als Leitflügel sondern eben auszubilden, um das fächerartige Strömungsfeld der von dem horizontalen Leitelement erzeugten parallelen Luftströmung nicht negativ zu beeinflussen.The upper guide element can be combined with the lateral guide elements described above, wherein it may be advantageous to form the lateral guide elements at least at the level of the horizontal guide element not as guide vanes, but just to the fan-like flow field of not to adversely affect the parallel air flow generated by the horizontal guide element.
Zumindest ein Teil des oberen Fahrtwinds kann auch bis unter den Streuteller geleitet werden, um dort eine zur Streutellerrotationsebene im Wesentlichen parallele Luftströmung zu erzeugen.At least a portion of the upper airstream may also be directed to below the spreading plate to produce there a substantially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane air flow.
Das obere Leitelement kann beispielsweise rohrartig ausgebildet sein, so dass der obere Fahrtwind durch das obere Leitelement hindurchgeleitet wird, oder muschelartig, wie es beispielsweise aus der
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung dieser Variante kann im Bereich des oberen Leitelements eine Sole-Zuleitung zum Zuführen von Sole in den von dem oberen Leitelement geleiteten oberen Fahrtwind vorgesehen sein. Vergleichbar den Vorrichtungen zur Enteisung von Flugzeugtragflächen vor dem Start trifft die eingesprühte Sole bei entsprechender Tröpfchengrößenverteilung von oben auf das horizontale Leitelement auf und wandert auf dem Leitelement als Flüssigkeitsfilm überwiegend zur Hinterkante des Leitelements. Dadurch wird eine Vereisung des horizontalen Leitelements verhindert.According to a preferred embodiment of this variant, in the region of the upper guide element, a brine supply line for supplying brine may be provided in the upper airstream guided by the upper guide element. Similar to the devices for deicing aircraft wings before take-off, the sprayed brine, with a corresponding droplet size distribution, impinges on the horizontal guide element from above and migrates on the guide element as liquid film predominantly to the trailing edge of the guide element. As a result, icing of the horizontal guide element is prevented.
Zur Verstärkung der parallelen Luftströmung relativ zu dem horizontalen Leitelement kann anstelle des oberen Leitelements auch eine beliebige Einrichtung zum aktiven Erzeugen eines Luftstroms vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Gebläses, einer Turbine oder dergleichen.To reinforce the parallel air flow relative to the horizontal guide element may be provided instead of the upper guide element and any means for actively generating an air flow, for example by means of a blower, a turbine or the like.
Gemäß einer zweiten Variante ist vorgesehen, die zur Streutellerrotationsebene im Wesentlichen parallele Luftströmung mittels mindestens einer Düse zu erzeugen, welche in Fahrtrichtung vor dem Streuteller in Höhe des Streutellers oder alternativ darüber und/oder darunter angeordnet ist. Diese Düse kann beispielsweise Fahrtwind von unter dem Fahrzeug ansaugen und beschleunigen und als den Streugutfächer schützende Luftströmung über und/oder unter den Streugutfächer blasen. Besonders geeignet ist eine Strömungseinrichtung entsprechend der Geometrie einer Lavaldüse, deren Öffnung mit großem Querschnitt in Fahrtrichtung liegt, um bodennahen Fahrtwind zu erfassen, und dessen kleinere Austrittsöffnung entgegen der Fahrtrichtung liegt, wobei der Querschnitt der Düse von der Eintritts- zur Austrittsöffnung ein Minimum durchläuft.According to a second variant, it is provided to generate the air flow which is essentially parallel to the spreading plate rotation plane by means of at least one nozzle, which is arranged in the direction of travel in front of the spreading plate at the level of the spreading plate or alternatively above and / or below. For example, this nozzle can suck in and accelerate wind from underneath the vehicle and blow air flow over and / or under the grit fan compartments protecting the grit fan compartments. Particularly suitable is a flow device according to the geometry of a Laval nozzle whose opening is located with a large cross section in the direction of travel to detect ground-level wind, and whose smaller outlet opening is opposite to the direction of travel, wherein the cross section of the nozzle from the inlet to the outlet opening passes through a minimum.
Die vorbeschriebene Erfindung kann vorteilhaft weitergebildet werden, indem als weitere Fahrtwindleitfläche mindestens ein vertikales Leitelement vorgesehen ist, welches in etwa mittig zum Streugutbehälter angeordnet und in Fahrtrichtung ausgerichtet ist. Das vertikale Leitelement kann beispielsweise auf der dem Streuteller abgewandten Oberfläche des horizontalen Leitelements angeordnet sein. Insbesondere kann sich das vertikale Leitelement in Fahrtrichtung bis weit hinter den Streuteller und über das horizontale Leitelement hinaus erstrecken. Mittels des vertikalen Leitelements lässt sich das Strömungsfeld hinter dem Fahrzeug stabilisieren und eine ausgeprägte Wirbelstraße vermeiden.The above-described invention can be developed advantageously by at least one vertical guide element is provided as a further Fahrtwindleitfläche, which is arranged approximately centrally to the grit container and aligned in the direction of travel. The vertical guide element can be arranged, for example, on the surface of the horizontal guide element facing away from the spreading plate. In particular, the vertical guide element in the direction of travel can extend far beyond the scattering plate and beyond the horizontal guide element. By means of the vertical guide element, the flow field can be stabilized behind the vehicle and avoid a pronounced vortex street.
Um zu verhindern, dass die Fahrtwindleitflächen, seien es die seitlichen Leitelemente, das obere Leitelement, das vertikale Leitelement oder das horizontale Leitelement, vereisen, sind ein oder mehrere dieser Fahrtwindleitflächen beheizbar. Dazu können die Fahrtwindleitflächen als Hohlkörper ausgebildet sein, so dass sie von innen beheizbar sind. Insbesondere kann der Hohlkörper mit einem warmen Medium durchströmt werden, wobei als warmes Medium vorzugsweise die Abgase des Winterdienstfahrzeugs genutzt werden. Dazu lässt sich der Hohlkörper direkt oder indirekt an die Abgaseinrichtung eines Winterdienstfahrzeugs anschließen.In order to prevent the Fahrtwindleitflächen, be it the lateral guide elements, the upper guide element, the vertical guide element or the horizontal guide element, freeze, one or more of these Fahrtwindleitflächen are heated. For this purpose, the Fahrtwindleitflächen may be formed as a hollow body, so that they are heated from the inside. In particular, can the hollow body to be flowed through with a warm medium, wherein as the warm medium preferably the exhaust gases of the winter maintenance vehicle are used. For this purpose, the hollow body can be directly or indirectly connected to the exhaust system of a winter maintenance vehicle.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Vermeidung der Eisablagerung besteht darin, die Hohlräume in Intervallen mit Luftdruck aus der Bremsanlage zu beaufschlagen. Dadurch dehnt sich die Oberfläche aus, so dass Eisablagerungen abplatzen. Zu diesem Zweck sind die Leitelemente aus einem flexiblen Material, z. B. Kunststoff, ausgebildet.Another way to avoid ice deposition is to pressurize the cavities at intervals with air pressure from the brake system. As a result, the surface expands so that ice deposits flake off. For this purpose, the guide elements made of a flexible material, for. As plastic, formed.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielhaft anhand der begleitenden Zeichnungen erläutert. Darin zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein Winterdienst-Streufahrzeug in Draufsicht mit einem Streugerät gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
- Fig. 2
- ein Winterdienst-Streufahrzeug in Seitenansicht mit einem Streugerät gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung und
- Fig. 3
- ein Winterdienst-Streufahrzeug in perspektivischer Ansicht zur Veranschaulichung einer Variante des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels aus
Fig. 2 .
- Fig. 1
- a winter service scattering vehicle in plan view with a spreader according to a first embodiment of the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a winter service scattering vehicle in side view with a spreader according to a second embodiment of the invention and
- Fig. 3
- a winter service scattering vehicle in perspective view for illustrating a variant of the second embodiment
Fig. 2 ,
Die Leitflügel 6 sind als Hohlkörper ausgeführt und sind an eine Abgaseinrichtung des Winterdienstfahrzeugs angeschlossen (nicht dargestellt), um die Leitflügel 6 zur Vermeidung von Vereisungen mit einem warmen Medium zu durchströmen. Alternativ können die Hohlkörper auch mit Druckluft beaufschlagt werden, der z. B. kurzzeitig aus der Bremsanlage abgezweigt wird. Indem die Hohlkörper z. B. aus einem Kunststoff gefertigt sind, führt die Druckluftbeaufschlagung zu einer Ausdehnung des Hohlkörperprofils und so zu einem Abplatzen von Vereisungen.The
Zusätzlich zu den seitlichen Leitelementen 6 ist bei der dargestellten Variante dieses Ausführungsbeispiels oberhalb eines Streutellers 10 ein weitgehend horizontales Leitelement 11 in Form eines Leitblechs installiert. Dadurch wird das Strömungsfeld 12 oberhalb des horizontalen Leitblechs 11 von einem von dem Streuteller 10 abgeschleuderten Streugutfächer unterhalb des horizontalen Leitblechs 11 in einem bezüglich der Leitblechabmessung - aber nicht bezüglich der Leitblechwirkung- kurzen Abschnitt abgekoppelt. Das von der Hinterkante 14 des horizontalen Leitblechs 11 abströmende Strömungsfeld 12 ist im Wesentlichen parallel zur Rotationsebene des Streutellers 10 und dementsprechend im Wesentlichen parallel zu dem vom Streuteller 10 abgeschleuderten Streugutfächer. Mittels Leitflächen, z. B. in Gestalt keilförmiger Dissipationselemente 15, an der Hinterkante 14 des horizontalen Leitblechs 11 wird dem vom horizontalen Leitblech 11 abströmenden Strömungsfeld 12 einerseits ebenfalls eine fächerartige Struktur verliehen und andererseits wird das Strömungsfeld 12 in Teilströme 13 zerlegt, wodurch der Luftfächer stabilisiert und seine Fernwirkung verbessert wird.In addition to the
Zur Stabilisierung des Strömungsfeldes 12 im Nachlauf 9 des Fahrzeugs 1 ist des Weiteren über dem horizontalen Leitblech 11 ein vertikales Leitelement 16 installiert, welches als ebenes Leitblech ausgebildet ist und sich vom rückwärtigen Ende des Streugutbehälters 3 bis über das rückwärtige Ende des horizontalen Leitblechs 11 hinaus erstreckt. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel liegt das vertikale Leitblech 16 mittig zum Fahrzeug 1 und erstreckt sich parallel zur Fahrzeuglängsrichtung. Die exakte Lage und Ausgestaltung des vertikalen Leitblechs 16 hängt jedoch auch von der Lage und Gestaltung der übrigen Streugerätekomponenten, insbesondere der Lage des zum Streuteller 10 führenden Fallrohrs 17 ab. Lage und Gestalt von Streuteller 10 und Fallrohr 17 sind in
Im Bereich des oberen Leitflügels 19 endet eine nicht-dargestellte Sole-Zuleitung in einer Sole-Düse 24, mittels der Sole in den von dem oberen Leitflügel 19 erfassten oberen Fahrtwind 20 eingedüst wird, um das horizontale Leitblech 11 vor Vereisung zu schützen.In the area of the
Der obere Leitflügel 19 ist wiederum hohl ausgebildet, um ihn in nichtdargestellter Weise mittels eines warmen Mediums durchströmen und gegen Vereisung schützen zu können, insbesondere bei Durchströmung mit Abgasen des Streufahrzeugs 1.The
Die Schwenkachse 18 dient vornehmlich dazu, den oberen Leitflügel 19 vom Streugutbehälter 3 nach hinten wegschwenken zu können, um den Streugutbehälter 3 beispielsweise neu befüllen oder von der Ladefläche 2 abnehmen zu können. Allerdings erlaubt diese schwenkbare Anordnung auch eine relativ einfache Variation der Strömungsrichtung oberhalb des Leitblechs 11, was zur Anpassung an die Streubedingung vorteilhaft sein kann. Die Verbindungsstreben zwischen der Schwenkachse 18 und dem Leitflügel 19 können als seitliche Leitflügel ausgeführt sein.The
Die seitlichen Leitelemente 6 sind bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel nicht als Leitflügel sondern als ebene Leitelemente, beispielsweise in Form von Leitblechen, ausgeführt, welche hier vorzugsweise fluchtend zur Fahrzeugflanke 8 ausgerichtet sind und sich bis hinunter zum horizontalen Leitblech 11 erstrecken. Die seitlichen Leitbleche 6 dienen hier somit nicht zur Abschöpfung des Fahrtwinds, sondern schützen den umgeleiteten Fahrtwind 20' und den Streustofffächer vor seitlichen Einflüssen, indem der seitliche Fahrtwind 7 mittels der seitlichen Leitbleche 6 in Teilströme zerlegt wird.The
Im Ergebnis wird durch die Kombination des horizontalen Leitblechs 11 mit dem oberen Leitflügel 19 das in die Teilströme 13 zerlegte Strömungsfeld 12 deutlich verstärkt, so dass sich eine den Streugutfächer schützende, dazu im Wesentlichen parallele fächerartige Strömung einstellt.As a result, by the combination of the
In
Claims (21)
- A gritting vehicle (1), comprising a gritting device with a grit material container (3) and a spreading apparatus (10, 17) having a spreading disk (10) rotating around an essentially vertical axis for spreading grit material (4) from the grit material container (3) in the fashion of a fan, and head-wind guide surfaces (6, 11, 19, 21) at the back end (5) in the direction of travel of the gritting vehicle (1) or of the grit material container (3), in order to catch head wind from laterally beside (7) and, if applicable, above (20) the grit material container (3), characterized in that head-wind guide surfaces are provided to the right and left of the grit material container (3), which comprise in each case at least one lateral guide element (6), the lateral guide elements (6) being arranged in such a fashion that lateral head wind (7) is split into partial streams and from the outflow-side end of the respective guide element (6) cannot flow out downward to the grit material dispensed in the fashion of a fan by the spreading disk (10), but can flow out rearwards.
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral guide elements (6) deflect lateral head wind (7) to the middle of the gritting device.
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lateral guide elements (6) are arranged above the spreading disk (10).
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a device for generating an airflow (12) essentially parallel to the rotation plane of the spreading disk, above and/ or below, preferably at least above, the spreading disk (10).
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the device for generating the airflow essentially parallel to the rotation plane of the spreading disk comprises an essentially horizontal guide element (11) above or below the spreading disk (10), which keeps airflows that are directed at the spreading disk from above or from below away from the spreading disk.
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that on the side facing away from the spreading disk (10) of the essentially horizontal guide element (11) dissipation elements (15) are provided, which split the essentially parallel airflow (12) into partial airflows (13).
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the device for generating the airflow essentially parallel to the rotation plane of the spreading disk is adapted to forming the essentially parallel airflow to be generated as a flow field in the fashion of an air fan.
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 7 with claim 5, characterized in that the head-wind guide surfaces comprise at least one upper guide element (19, 21) that guides upper head wind from above the grit material container (3) downward to the essentially horizontal guide element (11).
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that the upper guide element (19, 21) guides the upper head wind from above to the essentially horizontal guide element (11) arranged above the spreading disk (10).
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the upper guide element (21) is configured tubularly in such a fashion that the upper head wind (20) is guided through the upper guide element (21).
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterized by a brine supply tube in the area of the upper guide element (19) for feeding brine to the upper head wind (20, 20') that is diverted by the upper guide element (19).
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the device for generating the airflow essentially parallel to the rotation plane of the spreading disk comprises at least one nozzle (22), which is arranged in the direction of travel in front of the spreading disk (10) at the level of the spreading disk or alternatively above and/ or below and generates at least a part of the parallel airflow.
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that the nozzle (22) has an inlet aperture in the direction of travel with a first diameter for taking in head wind (23) near the ground and an outlet aperture contrary to the direction of travel with a comparatively smaller diameter, the diameter of the nozzle (22) passing through a minimum from the inlet aperture to the outlet aperture.
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the head-wind guide surfaces comprise at least one vertical guide element (16) that is arranged centrally to the grit material container (3) and oriented in the direction of travel.
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 14, characterized in that the vertical guide element (16) viewed in the direction of travel extends beyond the spreading disk and, as far as dependent on claim 5, preferably beyond the horizontal guide element (11).
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that one or a plurality of the head-wind guide surfaces can be heated.
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that one or a plurality of head-wind guide surfaces are configured as a hollow piece.
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 17, characterized in that a warm medium can flow through the hollow piece.
- The gritting vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that the hollow piece is adapted to being coupled with the exhaust device of the gritting vehicle, so as to stream exhaust gas through the hollow piece.
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the hollow piece in at least one section is made of a flexible material, in particular plastic, and comprises a compressed air connection so that compressed air can be fed into the hollow piece.
- The gritting vehicle according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that it is a winter service vehicle.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT06016015T ATE457388T1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2006-08-01 | WINTER SERVICE GREATER VEHICLE |
DE502006006111T DE502006006111D1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2006-08-01 | Winter gritting vehicle |
EP06016015A EP1887144B1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2006-08-01 | Spreading vehicle for servicing of roads in winter |
EP07786335.5A EP2052114B1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2007-07-25 | Spreading device for servicing of roads in winter |
PCT/EP2007/006611 WO2008014913A1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2007-07-25 | Spreading device for use in winter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP06016015A EP1887144B1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2006-08-01 | Spreading vehicle for servicing of roads in winter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1887144A1 EP1887144A1 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
EP1887144B1 true EP1887144B1 (en) | 2010-02-10 |
Family
ID=37480482
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06016015A Not-in-force EP1887144B1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2006-08-01 | Spreading vehicle for servicing of roads in winter |
EP07786335.5A Active EP2052114B1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2007-07-25 | Spreading device for servicing of roads in winter |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP07786335.5A Active EP2052114B1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2007-07-25 | Spreading device for servicing of roads in winter |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (2) | EP1887144B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE457388T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502006006111D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008014913A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2771836C1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-05-12 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский автомобильно-дорожный государственный технический университет (МАДИ)" | Method for monitoring and ensuring the quality of deicing treatment of the surface of the pavement and sidewalk by a machine with a plate distributor |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020116598A1 (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-30 | Aebi Schmidt Nederland Bv | Winter service spreader |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1195135A (en) * | 1958-04-28 | 1959-11-16 | August Gruse Maschinenfabrik | Centrifugal fertilizer distributor |
DE3325940C1 (en) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-03-14 | Willy 7715 Bräunlingen Küpper | Spreading vehicle with winter service spreader attached |
US4978068A (en) * | 1989-06-20 | 1990-12-18 | Eldridge Stanley W | Exhaust heated spreader |
DE9108410U1 (en) * | 1991-07-08 | 1991-09-19 | Kuepper-Weisser Gmbh, 7715 Braeunlingen, De | |
US6817552B2 (en) * | 2002-02-06 | 2004-11-16 | Turfco Manufacturing, Inc. | Broadcast spreading top dresser |
JP4454483B2 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2010-04-21 | 範多機械株式会社 | Antifreeze spraying vehicle |
-
2006
- 2006-08-01 DE DE502006006111T patent/DE502006006111D1/en active Active
- 2006-08-01 AT AT06016015T patent/ATE457388T1/en active
- 2006-08-01 EP EP06016015A patent/EP1887144B1/en not_active Not-in-force
-
2007
- 2007-07-25 WO PCT/EP2007/006611 patent/WO2008014913A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-07-25 EP EP07786335.5A patent/EP2052114B1/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2771836C1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-05-12 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский автомобильно-дорожный государственный технический университет (МАДИ)" | Method for monitoring and ensuring the quality of deicing treatment of the surface of the pavement and sidewalk by a machine with a plate distributor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE457388T1 (en) | 2010-02-15 |
WO2008014913A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
EP2052114B1 (en) | 2016-09-07 |
WO2008014913A8 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
EP1887144A1 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
DE502006006111D1 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
EP2052114A1 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
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