Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
  • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
  • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
  • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
  • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
  • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
  • B25B13/463—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an externally toothed wheel
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
  • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
  • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
  • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
  • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
  • B25B13/467—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member which are gear-operated

Definitions

• the technical sector of the present invention is that of tools for screwing and unscrewing hand type ratchet with interchangeable sockets or screwdrivers used in general mechanics.
• this pusher In addition, the user must actuate this pusher in translation perpendicular to the body of the key described in this patent. In addition, this pusher is located in the middle of the tool and the drive rack is transverse. As a result, the body of the key is very wide and the ratchet can not be used when the push button is depressed. No security system is provided against a high-torque job. This key has a certain discomfort especially since the rotation of the screw is of low amplitude.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a ratchet wrench or screwdriver of easy use and provided with a safety device.
• the invention therefore relates to a ratchet wrench with interchangeable sockets of the type comprising an elongated housing consisting of two half-shells in which are arranged a hub in which slides a finger, a ratchet and a set of front, mid and rear toothed wheels and associated toothed gears and a rack, characterized in that it further comprises a slider arranged longitudinally in the housing meshing with the rear wheel via the rack for the rotational drive and a pusher projecting from the housing connected to the slider to drive it in translation, means being provided to ensure a first tilting of the rack on the rear wheel and a second tilting of the rack to release the rear wheel.
• the pusher is actuated in rotation and the slider is provided with an inclined slot in which a pusher finger engages in order to transform the rotational movement of the pusher into translational movement of the slider.
• the slider is held in the housing by a first roller and a second roller, the slider being provided with a first longitudinal slot in which is engaged the first roller to allow only a translation of the slider, and a second light in which is engaged the second roller to allow a translation and a rotation of the slide.
• the second light has a width greater than the diameter of the second roller in order to ensure by rotation in the rear position the engagement of the rack of the slide on the toothed wheel and in position before the release of this wheel.
• a spring is disposed between the second roller and an edge of the second light.
• the finger is movable in the hub between two extreme positions limited by a pin integral with the hub and sliding in a finger light.
• the key comprises two finger locking means in its two extreme positions, a finger locking means in the hub and the other finger locking means in the interchangeable sockets.
• the pusher is in the form of a pin hinged to the housing at its tip, an inner branch cooperating with the slider and the other branch protruding from the housing, the two branches being joined by a spring.
• the ratchet of the hub is engaged on its pawl positioned in abutment with an axis of rotation integral with the body, the pawl being held in active position by a spring.
• the ratchet of the hub is supported on an axis integral with a sliding piece coupled to a spring to ensure the release of the pawl.
• the rear wheel is slidably mounted in the housing and is subjected to the action of a spring to disengage said wheel of the rear pinion while constantly driving the rack.
• the pusher and the slider are interconnected by a connecting rod.
• the ratchet and the toothed wheel of the hub are represented by a single toothing, whose teeth are inclined to ensure both the rotational drive by the front wheel and the locking by the pawl.
• the pawl is slidably mounted on a track integrated in the body.
• a first advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the push button allows rapid rotation of the socket with low torque and a slow rotation with high torque with the pawl. Screwing or unscrewing is then done quickly using the push button and locking and unlocking using the ratchet. Yet another advantage of the invention lies in the use of the tool with one hand, the other hand being free to hold or to support.
• Yet another advantage of the invention is the significant time savings and the reduction of user fatigue.
• Yet another advantage of the invention lies in the possible use of an oblong, very compact and thin housing whose quick drive push button is located in the gripping zone at the end of the handle.
• the area that allows to exercise the clamping force is located on one side and the push button on the opposite.
• the key can be used as a normal ratchet wrench either tightening or loosening with the push button depressed or not.
• the quick drive function is simply done with the fingers on the push button without changing grip.
• the time of the complete operation of screwing / tightening or loosening / unscrewing can be very significantly reduced.
• the user can place the screw or nut in the socket and screw and tighten directly with one hand.
• the zone or the effort is applied can be arranged for more comfort either by a shape arranged in the case or by addition of a plastic or rubberized part. This area is located on the side of the key opposite the push button.
• security systems protect the key against any non-compliant use with the help of security systems.
• FIG. 3 represents the same section again showing the extreme position of the slide
• FIG. 4 is an elevation section along the line AA of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of the pusher
• FIG. 6 represents another variant embodiment of the pusher
• FIGS. 7a and 7b show a particular embodiment of the mounting of the pawl 20,
• FIG. 8 is a section similar to that of FIG. 4 showing a particular embodiment of a regreasing wheel
• FIG. 9 represents an embodiment of a sliding ratchet
• the key comprises a housing 1 composed of two half-shells noted 2a and 2b thereafter in which the assembly of the rapid drive mechanism according to the invention is integrated.
• the key comprises a hub 3 provided with a polygonal hole 4 in which a finger 19 is inserted and a ratchet 6 which rotates between two bearings 5a and 5b visible in FIG. 4.
• This hub 3 is made integral with a toothed wheel 7 by two pins 8 ( Figure 4).
• the toothed wheel 7 is driven by a cascade of wheels 10 (before 10a, median 10b and rear 10c), and pinions 11 (before 11a, median Hb).
• the rack and the spout can constitute a single piece monobloc.
• the slider 14 has three other rectilinear lights 9, 18a and 18b.
• Light 18a receives an axis 17a provided with a roller 16a whose diameter substantially corresponds to the width of this light.
• This roller only allows movements of rotation and longitudinal translation of the slide 14.
• the slide 14 is provided with two opposite ramps 14a and 14b to allow it to tilt by rotation inside the housing 2.
• the ramp 14a described as anterior is extended at the spout and extends away from the wall of the housing 2.
• the ramp 14b described as a posterior extends away from the wall of the housing 2 but in the opposite direction.
• the light 18b receives an axis 17b fixed to the housing and provided with a roller 16b.
• the diameter of the roller l ⁇ b is greater than the width of the light 18b to allow rotational and translation movements both longitudinal and radial of the slide 14.
• a pusher 26 is disposed substantially in the extension of the slider 14 being fixed to the housing 2 by an axis 27 and is provided with a return spring 28 attached to a fixed axis 30.
• the pusher 26 is coupled to the slider 14 in the light 9 through an axis 25 provided with a roller 24.
• the light 9 is inclined so as to cause the displacement of the slider 14 when the pusher 26 is actuated along the arrow Fl to a position 19 distinct from the bottom 9a of the light 9.
• the pusher 26 is shown in its final active position in which the slide 14 has been translated and then rotated, the rack 13 is no longer attached to the wheel 10c.
• the roller 24 of the pusher 26, by its displacement in the slot 9, actuated the slider 14 and is at the other end of the light.
• the ramps 14a and 14b are close to the wall of the housing 2.
• the tilting of the slide has the effect of disengaging the rack 13 of the wheel 10c.
• the slide 14 and the rack 13 have a translational and rotational movement which allow a gearing on the wheel 10c only in the direction of useful rotation of the mechanism.
• This arrangement also allows the tilting of the slider 14 and the rack 13 if the user acts on the pawl by rotating the body 1 with the push button 26 pressed.
• the inclined light 9 being long enough to allow this tilting along the arrow G.
• the slide 14 then drives in rotation the wheel 10c which in turn actuates the wheels 10a and 10b and therefore the ratchet 7, in the direction of the arrows shown on these elements, to tighten or loosen the screw or the nut in its low torque phase.
• the key 1 operates normally. It goes without saying that the degree of rotation of the wheel 10c depends on the length of the rack 13.
• the roller 24 of the pusher 26 reaches the final position 19 after its complete rotation, the slider 14 undergoes a second tilting (in the opposite direction the first) which causes the release of the wheel 10c by the rack 13.
• This second tilting is caused by the beginning of the release of the pusher 26 which is then driven by the spring 28 and which causes the rotation of the slider 14 around the fixed point constituted by the bearing 16a.
• the complete release of the pusher 26 causes the slider 14 to return backwards without the rack 13 coming into contact with the wheel.
• the slide 14 is in constant abutment on the axis 17b through the upper edge of the light 18b, avoiding the engagement of the rack 13 on the wheel 10c as shown in FIG. completely releasing the pusher 26, the rack comes to occupy the initial position shown in Figure 2.
• the cycle thus described is repeated as many times as necessary until unscrewing or the complete tightening of the screw or the nut.
• the push button 26 allows to quickly turn the finger 19 and the sleeve A through the wheels and gears when the screw or nut are free.
• the key works like a conventional ratchet.
• FIG. 3 shows the case where the pusher 26 is held down by the user according to the arrow F3 by grasping the key 1 by the handle 36. Since the key 1 is operated, the pawl 7 rotates and it is necessary that the rack 13 releases the wheel 10c.
• FIG 4 there is shown a longitudinal section of the key 1 along the plane AA of Figure 1 where we see the two half-shells 2a and 2b, the finger 19 on the free portion of which is fitted a sleeve A
• This figure shows more particularly the mounting of the ratchet 6 which rotates in two bearings 5a and 5b.
• the hub 3 is secured to the toothed wheel 7 by two pins 8.
• the toothed wheel 7 is rotated as previously indicated by the cascade of wheels and gears.
• the ratchet 6 of the hub 3 is locked in a direction of rotation by the pawl 20 not visible in this figure.
• a washer 15b with a high coefficient of friction, pushed by a spring 15a, is provided around the roller l ⁇ a of the axis 17a.
• This stiffness generates a restraint on the slider 14 to allow its first tilting under the action of the push button 26 at the initial moment of the pressing on the pusher 26.
• the finger 19 slides in the hub 3 and connects the sleeve A on one side or the other of the body 1, which has the effect of changing the direction of rotation of the sleeve A.
• the finger 19 has a groove 32 and is trapped in the hub 3 by a pin 31 engaged in this groove.
• the finger 19 further comprises two holes in which are inserted a ball 33 pushed by a spring 35.
• a ball locks the finger 19 in the hub 3, the other ball locks the sleeve A on the finger 19.
• FIG. 5 illustrates a variant in which a rod 51 is interposed between the push button 26 and the slide 14.
• This connecting rod plays the same role as the inclined light 9 and generates the same effects on the slide 14.
• the identical elements retain the same references.
• the use of the connecting rod 51 makes it possible to eliminate the frictional forces that occur during the sliding of the roller 24 in the lumen 9.
• FIG. 6 illustrates another variant of embodiment making it possible to provide a first conceivable security for protecting the fast-forward mechanism.
• the push button 26 is in the form of a pin articulated relative to the housing 2 at its tip. It comprises an inner branch 37 cooperating with the slider 14, the other branch 38 projecting out of the housing 2, the two branches being joined by a spring 40.
• the branch 37 is provided with a thin zone 39 which can flex if the effort exceeds the value of the pin placed under permanent stress. This function is deactivated as soon as the torque is too important.
• the push button 26 then sinks without causing rotation of the socket.
• Figures 7a and 7b illustrate another alternative embodiment of another security that can be added to ensure the protection of the pawl 20.
• the unintentional user can indeed use the key 1 beyond the limiting forces of resistance.
• Ratchet wrenches are often partially designed to withstand these efforts and have an expensive design using very strong materials.
• the pawl 20 if the pawl 20 is subjected to a pressure considered as limited to its resistance, it retreats and the key rotates without driving the screw.
• the pawl 20 rotates freely and no longer blocks the ratchet 6 of the hub 3. To restore normal operation, it is then necessary to turn the hub 3 in the opposite direction. It is understood that this embodiment allows the use of ordinary materials inexpensive for the manufacture of different parts.
• This second system protects the screwing with high torque by the pawl. As soon as the torque is exceeded, the pawl retracts and the key turns empty without driving the socket.
• FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of another security system in the event of improper use of the key 1.
• the wheel 10c is mounted on an axis 48 which slides in two slots 49a and 49b located in the two half-shells of the body 1.
• the axis 48 is held in its driving position by a spring 50.
• FIG. 9 another type of mounting of the pawl 20 is provided.
• the pawl is slidably mounted in a recess provided between the two half-shells against the force of the spring 22. Only the track 56 of this housing is visible in the figure.
• the force applied by the user on the key 1 exceeds the resistance of the pawl 20, it retracts and releases the ratchet 6 which then rotates freely.
• FIG. 10 the embodiment of a wheel 51 with single recessed gear 53 integrated in the hub 3 is shown.
• This structure makes it possible, on the one hand, for the ratchet to be driven quickly by the wheel 10 a and, on the other hand, the support ratchet 20 for normal screwing with high torque.
• the adoption of a recessed toothing allows the manufacture of the ratchet 6 and the wheel 7 in a single piece, which simplifies the manufacture of the key.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
• Transmission Devices (AREA)
• One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=35502415

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 2005
  • 2005-05-09 FR FR0504629A patent/FR2885312B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-05-09 CN CNA2006800015405A patent/CN101090805A/zh active Pending
  • 2006-05-09 EP EP06743775A patent/EP1879722A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-05-09 US US11/791,472 patent/US20080028894A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-05-09 CA CA002591973A patent/CA2591973A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-05-09 WO PCT/FR2006/001026 patent/WO2006120334A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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