EP1873295A2 - Calendar roll for embossing and/or compressing textiles - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus has a body including a surface and an array of embossing formations projecting from the body surface, where each embossing formation includes an outer face directed away from the body surface and formed as a narrow strip pressable into a textile web. The embossing formations are substantially uniformly spaced over the body, where the body is a roller adapted to be rotated about a central axis, and the body surface is substantially cylindrical. The formations are bumps, and spaced apart on the body surface.

Description

The invention relates to a calender roll or calendering belt for a device for embossing and / or compressing textiles, nonwovens, in particular spunbonded nonwovens and / or paper materials, which has bulges, elevations or flat calender points on their surface, with respect to the surface of the calender roll are directed outwardly or upright, wherein at least a part of the surface of the bulges or the Kalanderpunktes is formed as a pressing surface.

A roll for solidifying a nonwoven by means of heat and / or by means of solvents is already known (US Pat. DE 83 20 960 U1 ), which has individual nubs or ribs on its roll surface. The knobs or ribs are perpendicular to the roll surface. The nubs have sloping flanks in the sense of broadening the knobs or ribs to their base. The flanks of the knobs have two sections with different flank angles. The area closer to the top has a more acute angle than that of the base nearer area. The wider base of the knobs should allow good heat to the flat top of the knobs. As a result, the rollers are to be used over a longer period of time. In the plan view, the cross-sectional area of the knobs is rectangular. The outwardly directed surface of the knobs is flat throughout. A disadvantage is that the calender points after the DE 83 20 960 U1 are formed point-like and full-surface or completely flat, so that when water solidification of the pulp is completely washed off in the region of the flat surface.

It is also generally known to use calender rolls for calendering or densifying textiles, nonwovens, in particular spunbonded nonwovens. The known calender rolls are equipped with nubs for this purpose. However, these are not sufficient, in particular all smaller or short fibers so on To compress the surface of the textiles that no more fibers protrude on the surface of the nonwoven fabric or the pilling effect is avoided.

Fig. 14 shows a side view of the lower nonwoven layer and the process step of applying the pulp layer and the upper nonwoven layer with subsequent hydroentanglement and the resulting displacement of the pulp according to FIG. 15, as occurs in the prior art.

An important aspect of the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages and to avoid, inter alia, in the case of a two-ply nonwoven with pulp and a spunbonded nonwoven outer layer or a three-layer nonwoven with pulp as intermediate layer and one spunbonded nonwoven outer layer, that the pulp is hardened by hydroentanglement at the point of the calender points is washed away, so that at this point no pulp-free points or areas are more formed, which, as before, let the fleece on the surface appear as a restless pattern in appearance.

The invention has for its object to form the calender for embossing and / or compressing textiles, nonwoven fabric, in particular spunbonded such that when using such calendered textiles or spunbonded no fibers or loose filaments protrude more on the surface of the textiles. In the case of hydroentanglement, the pulp is no longer washed away, so that no pulp-free spots or surfaces are formed which, as hitherto, cause the fleece to appear as a turbulent pattern on the surface. In addition to these visual properties according to the invention, the service properties are also substantially improved by a more uniform absorbency.

The problem is solved by the fact that the pressing surface is a narrow pressing bar. This also ensures that no loose fibers or filaments occur more on the surface of the web. In addition, such a pressing surface with a narrow press ridge is easy and inexpensive to manufacture, wherein the very good heat transfer is maintained within the calender points according to the invention to the press ridge due to the advantageous shape.

For this purpose, it is advantageous that the pressing web has an end face facing upwards, which is smaller than the other upwardly directed surfaces of the bulge or provided in a calender point depression. This design gives a low-wear calender point. With the help of the depression it is ensured that even in the area of the pressing site no loose fibers or filaments occur more on the surface of the fleece.

The hydroentanglement takes place in an advantageous manner before the calendering, since after the hydroentanglement it is not useful to calender, since the fusible pulp acts as a separating layer between the two layers.

It is advantageous for this purpose that the pressing surface to the base surface or surface of the calender has a greater distance than the remaining part of the upward surface of the recess of the calender point. Such a depression can be produced very easily.

It is also advantageous that the recess of the calender point is formed in the form of an inner trough, the surface of which runs out into the pressing web or gradually merges into the surface of the pressing web. The rounded edges formed here ensure that no excessive stress on the fleece occurs during the processing of the fleece.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous that the upwardly directed surface of the indentation or the recess of the calender point is set back with respect to the pressing surface of the calender point in the direction of the surface of the calendering roller or calendering belt. This also avoids that at certain points of the web material accumulation takes place.

It is also advantageous that the protrusions with respect to a surface of the calender roll have perpendicular or inclined, outwardly tapering lateral surfaces and at least one outer, upwardly directed closed pressing surface which encloses the indentation. The closed pressing surface can form a closed circle or any shape, so that after calendering no loose fibers or filaments occur more on the surface of the nonwoven.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous that the bulges consist of a truncated pyramidal body, which is provided with a round, oval or polygonal base surface and / or the outer upwardly directed round, oval or polygonal surface in which the indentation is arranged , wherein the indentation is surrounded by the pressing web, which may have at one or more locations lateral openings or openings, so that the pulp can not be flushed to a large extent to the side, but only in the region of the pressing surface or the strip of Kalanderpunkte rinsed to the side and is preserved in particular in the middle of the calender points. This also ensures that no large areas are formed in the web, which are pulp-free.

In this way, it is further achieved in a simple and cost-effective manner that during calendering of the nonwoven fabric a perfect connection of the pulp or of the short filaments with the top and top fleece is produced. Since the calender points or lines in plan view from above are annular or with a circular or have a similar cross-sectional shape, takes place in the water needling in the calender points or lines no displacement of the pulp or this is not horizontally displaced or displaced laterally Especially since the water jet can also penetrate through the calendered areas during the needling of the nonwoven fabric, since they are provided with an opening through which the water jet enters, impinging on the pulp and having the upper and / or lower layer through it can forfeit.

According to another embodiment, it is advantageous that the calender roll or the calendering belt for the device for embossing and / or compressing textiles, nonwovens, in particular spunbonded nonwovens and / or paper materials, which have on their surface bulges or flat calender elevations, with reference to the surface of the calender roll is directed outwardly or upright thereon, wherein at least a part of the surface of the protrusions is formed as a pressing surface, and that the pressing surface is a narrow elongated or in-line pressing land thus arranged in that it at least partially or at least partially surrounds a low-lying surface, at least with an adjacent or adjoining pressing web, which is formed by the surface of the calendering roll or calendering belt or by a recess provided in the elevation. Such a press bar prevents the described Wegschwemmen the pulp in a particularly advantageous manner.

An additional possibility, according to a development of the invention, that the pressing surface of the press ridge runs on a line which forms a circle, a rectangle, an oval or a polygonal, wave or meander shape or a surface pattern in the view from above. As a result, pressing surfaces are produced or densification of the nonwoven materials are achieved only in a very small area of the web. In this case, the footprint is identical to the surface of the calender roll.

It is also advantageous that the pressing web consists of a standing on the surface of the calender roll or the calender of the calender roll or band-shaped body which forms a straight and / or not straight line in plan view. This gives a simple way different embossing in the fleece. Although this has hardly measurable influences on the Wegschwemmen, but is an important way to make the look more appealing and give different products a more individual touch.

Of particular importance to the present invention is that the protuberances have the flat upwardly directed indentation surface, the surface of which extends approximately parallel to the base of the protuberance or the surface of the calendering roll.

For this purpose, it is advantageous that the base surface (7) of the bulge (5) is slightly larger than its outer upwardly directed surface (6). In addition to the uniformity of the pulp, the ratio of these two surfaces can also change the visual character of the product.

A preferred possibility, according to a development of the invention, that the base of the bulge is between 1.2 and three times greater than its outer upward surface.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the distance between the central axis of two adjacent bulges is two to five times greater than the mean diameter of the body of the bulge.

It is also advantageous for this purpose that the tapering or inclined or even running, lateral surface of the bulge with the base forms an angle α, which is between 0 ° and 60 °, in particular between 15 ° and 45 °, large.

According to a preferred embodiment of the solution according to the invention, it is finally provided that the two-layered nonwoven fabric with pulp and a spunbonded nonwoven outer layer or a three-layer nonwoven fabric with pulp as interlayer and one spunbonded nonwoven outer layer deposited on a depositing tape after consolidation by an aquajet and / or or calendered after a drying operation with the aid of the calender rolls having the bulges.

Of particular importance for the present invention that the bulges are arranged on the surface of the calender rolls, that the Compression circular, oval, diamond, polygonal, linear and / or in broken lines or in the form of a pattern or surface pattern takes place.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in the patent claims and in the description and illustrated in the figures.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Kalanders mit den auf der Kalanderwalze angeordneten Kalanderpunkten bzw. Ausbuchtungen,

Fig. 2

eine pyramidenstumpfförmige Ausbildung eines Kalanders in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 3 - 5

verschiedene Darstellungen der Kalanderpunkte bzw. Ausbuchtungen in Draufsicht,

Fig. 6

eine Schnittdarstellung eines zylinderförmig ausgebildeten Kalanders bzw. einer Ausbuchtung, die auf der Oberseite der Kalanderwalze angeordnet ist,

Fig. 7 + 8

zwei weitere Ausführungsbeispiele mit bandförmigen Erhebungen auf der Oberfläche der Kalanderwalze,

Fig. 9 - 13

verschiedene Ausgestaltungen und Formgebungen der Kalandererhebungen oder Kalanderpunkte,

Fig. 14

zeigt eine Seitenansicht der unteren Vlieslage und den Verfahrensschritt des Auflegens der Pulpschicht und der oberen Vlieslage mit anschließender Wasserstrahlverfestigung und der dadurch auftretenden Verschiebung der Pulpschicht, wie sie nach dem Stand der Technik eintritt,

Fig. 15

die Draufsicht gemäß Fig. 14,

Fig. 16

Kalanderpunkte in der Ansicht von oben, ähnlich wie in den Fig. 1 bis 2 und 3 bis 6, wobei einige Kalanderpunkte geschlossen und einige seitlich geöffnet sind.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a calender with the arranged on the calender roll calender points or bulges,

Fig. 2

a truncated pyramidal design of a calender in side view,

Fig. 3-5

various representations of the calender points or bulges in plan view,

Fig. 6

a sectional view of a cylindrically shaped calender or a bulge, which is arranged on top of the calender roll,

Fig. 7 + 8

two further embodiments with band-shaped elevations on the surface of the calender roll,

Fig. 9 - 13

various designs and shapes of the calender elevations or calender points,

Fig. 14

shows a side view of the lower nonwoven layer and the process step of applying the pulp layer and the upper nonwoven layer with subsequent hydroentanglement and the resulting shift of the pulp layer, as occurs in the prior art,

Fig. 15

the top view of FIG. 14,

Fig. 16

Calendering points in the top view, similar to Figures 1 to 2 and 3 to 6, with some calendering points closed and some laterally open.

1 shows a calendering device 1 for embossing and / or compacting textiles, nonwovens, in particular spunbonded nonwovens and / or paper materials with a calendering device, which consists of two spaced-apart, handleable calendering rolls 2. On a surface 3 of the calender roll 2 numerous, evenly spaced calender points, hereinafter referred to as bulges 5, arranged.

According to FIG. 2, the bulges or elevations or calender points 5 can consist of a truncated pyramid whose base area 7 with a diameter d2 is approximately twice as large as a diameter d1 of a surface 6 with a pressing surface 6.1. The inclined side parts or a surface 4 of the bulge 5 forms with the base an angle α, which can be between 0 ° and 140 °. Preferably, the angle is between 90 ° and 130 °.

According to FIGS. 2 a, 2 b, 3 to 6, the bulge or upwardly directed surface 6 can also be provided with an inner depression or trough 6. 6, so that the annular pressing web 6. 1 is thereby formed. A recessed surface 6.2 may according to Fig. 2a, 2b, and 6 have different depths and be modified according to FIG. 6 so that a ring cylinder body is formed.

The pressing bar 6.1 is illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 6 by means of various examples. According to FIG. 3, the press bar 6.1 can also be open to one side. Furthermore, it is possible that the press ridge only as straight or formed as a meandering line, which may be interrupted in some places.

The flat surface 6 of the bulge 5 runs approximately parallel to the base surface 7 of the bulge 5.

According to a further and not shown embodiment, the base surface 7 of the bulge 5 between 1.2 and three times greater than its outer upward surface. 6

Furthermore, the distance between the central axis of two adjacent bulges 5 may be two to five times greater than the mean diameter of the body of the bulge.

As already mentioned, according to a further exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6, the body of the bulge can also have the vertically extending surfaces 4, so that a cylindrical shape is produced.

A diameter d3 of the bulge 5 is only slightly larger than a diameter d4 of the recessed surface 6.2, so that a relatively narrow press rib 6.1 is formed. The width of the press bar 6.1 is between 0.3 and 0.8 mm. A height h of the bulge 5 may be between 0.01 and 3 mm.

The manufacturing process of the two- or three-layer composite material is not illustrated in the drawing. According to this method, the two- or three-layer composite material can be deposited on a depositing belt and receives a pulp layer in the two outer layers or the spunbonded nonwovens. After the drying process, the composite material is calendered with the aid of the bulges 5 provided on the calender rolls.

In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the pressing surface 6.1 is a narrow elongated or extending in a line press ridge, which is arranged such that it at least with an adjacent or adjacent press land 6.1 a low-lying surface 6.2 completely or at least partially surrounds, which is formed by the surface of the calender roll 2 or the calender belt or by a provided in the survey 5 indentation 6.3. In Fig. 7, the press ridges form a rectangular shape and in Fig. 8 a somewhat elongated parallelogram-like quadrilateral.

The pressing surface of the pressing web 6.1 runs on a line which, in the top view according to FIGS. 7, 8, 12 and 13, forms a circle, a rectangle, an oval or a polygonal, wave or meandering shape or a surface pattern. In the drawing, only a few embodiments are shown. The pressing web 6.1 forms a body standing upright or band-shaped on the surface of the calendering roll 2 or the calendering belt, which in plan view forms a straight (FIG. 7) or not straight line (FIGS. 8, 11, 12).

According to FIGS. 7 to 10 and FIGS. 12 and 13, the bulges or elevations 5 have the flat upwardly directed surface 6, which has the indentation 6.3, whose surface is approximately parallel to the base surface 7 of the bulge 5 or the surface of the calendering roller 2 runs.

In Fig. 16, the calendering points in the top view are similar to those shown in Figs. 1 to 2b and 3 to 6, with some calendering points closed and some opened laterally. With the aid of the advantageous embodiment of the press webs 6.1 it is ensured that the pulp 9 is not washed away as in FIGS. 14 and 15 when the web is solidified by means of the water needling 11 as shown in FIG. According to FIG. 16, a uniformly distributed pulp intermediate view 9 is obtained.

The production direction is indicated in FIGS. 14 to 16 by the arrow 13.

As already mentioned, the distance between the central axis of two adjacent bulges 5 can be two to five times greater than the mean diameter of the body of the bulge 5. According to the examples in Fig. 7, 8, and 11 to 13, the pressing surface of the press land 6.1 runs on a line which forms a circle, a rectangle, an oval or a polygonal, wave or meander shape or a surface pattern in the view from above.

Further, the bulge 5, the flat upwardly directed, the recess 6.3 having surface 6, the surface of which extends approximately parallel to the base 7 of the bulge 5 or the surface 3 of the calender roll 2.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Device for embossing and / or compacting textiles, nonwoven, in particular spunbonded nonwoven

2

Calender roll, calender ribbon

3

surface

4

inclined or vertical surface

5

Calender element, calender point, bulge, elevation

6

outer upward surface

6.1

Pressing surface, press bridge

6.2

Surface of the recess or recess or trough

6.3

Indentation, depression, trough

7

Base of the bulge

8th

Fleece, upper layer

9

Pulp

10

Fleece, lower layer

11

spunlace

12

Pulp, moved

13

Arrow shows production direction of the fleece

14

shows the shifting of the pulp according to the prior art

d1

Diameter of the upward surface of the truncated pyramid-shaped bulge 5

d2

Diameter of the base 7 of the truncated pyramidal bulge 5

d3

Diameter of the bulge 5

d4

Diameter of the recessed area 6.2 of the bulge 5

H

height

α

angle

Claims (19)

Calendering roll (2) or calendering tape for a device (1) for embossing and / or compressing textiles, nonwovens, in particular spunbonded nonwovens and / or paper materials, which has bulges, elevations or flat calendering points (5) on its surface (6) With respect to the surface of the calender roll (2) are arranged outwardly or upright, wherein at least a part of the surface (6) of the bulges or the calender point (5) as a pressing surface (6.1) is formed, characterized in that the pressing surface ( 6.1) is a narrow pressing bar. Calender roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressing web (6.1) has a frontally upwardly directed surface which is smaller than the other upwardly directed surfaces of the bulge or in the calender point (5) provided recess (6.3). Calender roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressing surface (6.1) to the base surface or surface of the calender roll (2) has a greater distance than the remaining part of the upward surface of the recess (6.3) of the calender point (5). Calender roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess (6.3) of the calender point (5) is in the form of an inner trough whose surface terminates in the press land (6.1) or gradually merges into the surface of the press land (6.1). Calender roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the upwardly directed surface of the recess or recess (6.3) of the calender point (5) with respect to the pressing surface (6.1) of the calender point in the direction of the surface of the calender roll (2) or the calender belt is reset. Calender roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulges (5) with respect to a surface (3) of the calender roll (2) perpendicular or inclined, outwardly tapering lateral surfaces (4) and at least one outer, upwardly closed Pressing surface (6.1), which encloses the indentation (5) have. The closed pressing surface (6.1) can form a closed circle or any shape. Calender roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulges (5) consist of a truncated pyramid-shaped body provided with a round, oval or polygonal base surface (7) and / or the outer upwardly directed round, oval or polygonal surface (6) is, in which the indentation (6.3) is arranged, wherein the indentation (6.3) of the pressing web (6.1) is surrounded, which may have lateral openings or openings at one or more locations. Calendering roll (2) or calendering tape for a device (1) for embossing and / or compacting textiles, nonwovens, in particular spunbonded nonwovens and / or paper materials, which has bulges or flat calendered elevations (5) on their surface (6) on the surface of the calender roll (2) are directed outwardly or upright on this, wherein at least a part of the surface (6) of the bulges or calender elevations (5) as a pressing surface (6.1) is formed, characterized in that the pressing surface ( 6.1) is a narrow elongate or in line extending press ridge, which is arranged such that it at least with an adjacent or adjacent pressing web (6.1) a low-lying surface (6.2) completely or at least partially surrounds, through the surface of the calender roll (2 ) or the calendering belt or by a in the survey (5) provided indentation (6.3) is formed. Calender roll according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressing surface of the pressing web (6.1) extends on a line which forms in the view from above a circle, a rectangle, an oval or a polygonal, wave or meander shape or a surface pattern , Calender roll according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressing web (6.1) consists of a on the surface of the calender roll (2) or the calender belt upright or band-shaped body which forms a straight and / or non-straight line in plan view. Calender roll according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the bulges (5) have the flat upwardly directed, the indentation (6.3) having surface (6) whose surface is approximately parallel to the base surface (7) of the bulge (5) or the surface of the calender roll (2) runs. Calender roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (7) of the recess (5) is slightly larger or smaller than its outer upwardly directed surface (6). Calender roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (7) of the recess (5) is between 1.2 and three times larger than its outer upwardly directed surface (6). Calender roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the central axis of two adjacent bulges (5) is two to five times as large as the average diameter of the body of the bulge (5). Calender roll according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a height (h) of the bulges (5) is between 0.01 and 5 mm, in particular between 0.3 and 2.0 mm. Calender roll according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tapering or inclined or even running, lateral surface (4) of the bulge (5) forms an angle α with the base surface (7), which is between 0 ° and 60 °, in particular between 15 ° and 45 °, is large. Process with a calender roll according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two-layer nonwoven fabric with pulp and a spunbonded nonwoven outer layer or a three-layer nonwoven fabric with pulp as intermediate layer and one spunbonded nonwoven outer layer as the composite deposited after a drying operation with the aid of the bulges (5) calendering rolls (2) is calendered. Method with a calendering roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the spunbonded nonwoven fabric produced from three layers is subsequently densified with at least one intermediate pulp layer with the aid of the calendering rolls (2) having the bulges (5). Method with a calender roll according to claim 1 and 8, characterized in that the bulges (5) on the surface (3) of the calender rolls (2) are arranged such that the compression circular, oval, diamond, polygonal, linear and / or in broken lines or in the form of a pattern or surface pattern.

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