EP1863980A2

EP1863980A2 - Shear connector for connecting at least two components and system of interconnected components

Info

Publication number: EP1863980A2
Application number: EP06723726A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Sigrun Von Morze-Reichartz
Original assignee: Induo Gesellschaft zur Verwertung von Schutzrechten mbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Induo Gesellschaft zur Verwertung von Schutzrechten mbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2005-04-01
Filing date: 2006-03-25
Publication date: 2007-12-12
Also published as: WO2006103033A3; CA2603394A1; DE102005014900A1; US20080213040A1; WO2006103033A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a shear connector (4) for connecting at least two components (1, 2, 3), said connector having a number of pins (6). The shear connector (4) is embedded at least partially and preferably completely in one of the components (2, 3) and the pins (6) of the shear connector (4) engage in corresponding cavities in the component (2, 3) that carries the shear connector (4). To improve the ease of assembly, the shear connector (4) is configured in at least two sections and is provided with elements (10) or co-operates with elements that are used to interconnect the two or more sections (4a, 4b) of the shear connector (4). The invention also relates to a system of interconnected components.

Description

"Composite anchor for connecting at least two components and system of interconnected components"

1 state of the art

The invention relates to a composite anchor suitable for connecting at least two components, which has a number of mandrels and is at least partially, preferably completely, embedded in one of the components, wherein the mandrels of the composite anchor engage in corresponding recesses in the component. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system of interconnected components.

A composite anchor of this type, which is used for the production of, for example, a supporting structure, and a system of interconnected components is known from DE 197 Ol 458 Cl.

Structural structures made in this way are suitable for a variety of applications. They are used in the construction of buildings as well as in trade fair and stage construction or, for example, in the construction of roller coasters. The system of composite anchors and components interacting with them is thus that the static and dynamic loads acting on the structure can be recorded. In addition to the stability of the individual supports and supports, it is particularly important that the occurring forces are reliably transmitted at the junctions of interconnected supports or supports.

Another aspect of such systems is their economics, i. H. that they are simple and inexpensive to manufacture and assemble. In many cases, it is also desirable that the composite system gives a pleasant aesthetic impression.

A typical example of the constructions referred to here is timber construction in which beams or similar supporting elements are connected to one another to form load-bearing wall, floor and / or roof structures. Various material combinations are also used, ie the material wood can be combined with concrete, for example as a filling compound, as well as with plastic or metal parts. For the material wood are solid wood, glulam and other wooden materials in question, the full wood may be configured in particular in the form of round logs, beams, squared lumber, boards and crossbars, which absorb relatively high forces compared to the size of their cross section and transfer in the Location are. Under a crossbar here is a bar, which is formed by slitting one or more logs and rotating the sections about its longitudinal axis and then connecting these parts to a new bar, which then inwardly, originally the outer parts of the tree or the trees forming curved surfaces a substantially centrally extending longitudinally through the crossbar opening is formed. Compounds, in particular in the area of the ends of these components, have been developed in many ways and introduced into practice. For this purpose, only some examples are given as an example, such. As transversely to the longitudinal axis of the beam in the range of tongue and groove joints driven dowels with bolts and additional screw nails or nail connections with cover plates or pins with transverse hardwood dowels or sunken T-steel with dowels or pins, in particular journals and the like. More. End-side connections can be known to be achieved by a so-called beam impact, in which by means of transverse dowels special design, the beam sides are occupied in the region of their ends on both sides with supporting parts for power transmission.

From the already mentioned DE 197 Ol 458 Cl a timber construction connection to the front-side connecting a crossbar is known. It has a composite anchor, which is embedded in at least one region of an opening extending over its entire length within the crossbar, in such a way that its outer end is set back from the beam end face. The composite anchor has a rod-shaped core with projecting spikes and at least one of the core ends a connection option.

With this wood connection, it is possible to create a visually appealing, frontal connection of a crossbar with another component with a minimum number of components with low installation costs. However, it is not readily possible with this prior art timber connection to erect a complete supporting structure. because it is primarily designed for use on the front side in a crossbar.

From DE 100 29 343 C2 a similar composite system for beam-shaped components is known in which it is provided that the composite anchor is provided with a continuous recess through which a connecting means extends freely longitudinally movable and engages in a counterpart embedded in a component counterpart , This ensures that a simplified and thus cost-effective attachment of the equipped with a composite anchor bar to any connection elements is possible.

DE 203 06 942 Ul also uses generic composite anchor for producing a composite of several components. In order to produce a plurality of different connection nodes with few parts, with a simple mounting option is sought, it is provided here that the composite anchor next to the connection option for a first component has at least one connection option for another component, the obliquely or transversely in one direction is aligned with the first component and cooperates via an opening in the first component with a connection possibility of the other component.

Although already simple and visually appealing compounds of components can be achieved with the previously known solutions, applications are also known in which it is desirable when using said composite anchors that the assembly cost is further reduced. Furthermore, it would be advantageous in some applications if the transferability of forces increases could be. Furthermore, it is also desirable to extend the range of applications of the connection system beyond the known components and to make it suitable for other components.

2 solution according to the invention

The invention is therefore based on the object, so to develop a composite anchor of the type mentioned or a system of interconnected components that results in an extended range of applications and / or improved applications are achieved. In particular, the assembly should be simplified and should also higher forces can be transmitted via the connection of the components. Furthermore, the system should be characterized by an appealing look.

This object is achieved by a composite anchor having the features of claim 1 and a system having the features of claim 37. The inventive design results in particular simplified mounting options.

According to a development, the connecting means are suitable for producing a positive and / or non-positive connection. In this case, the composite anchor is preferably divided along a plane containing its longitudinal axis.

As a means for connecting the at least two parts of the composite anchor may be provided an undercut tongue and groove system, wherein each part of the composite anchor part of the tongue and groove Systems. Here, a tongue-and-groove-shaped groove and a correspondingly designed spring have proven to be a tongue and groove system. The tongue and groove system can extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor. In this case, a single tongue and groove system is preferably arranged on the parts of the composite anchor. Alternatively, it is also possible that the tongue and groove system extends in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor. In this case, especially two tongue and groove systems have proven to the parts of each composite anchor.

The tongue and groove system can - viewed in the insertion direction of the spring in the groove - have a varying width. In particular, it is thought that the tongue and groove system in the direction of insertion of the spring into the groove has a conical shape. The cone angle is preferably between 0.5 ° and 5 °, more preferably between 1 ° and 3 °.

The introduction of one part of the tongue and groove system in the other is simplified in that the groove and / or the spring in its one end region having an insertion be.

The connecting means may according to an alternative embodiment of the invention comprise at least one pin-shaped connecting element, which are insertable into a respective bore in each of the parts of the composite anchor, wherein the axis of the bore to the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor forms an angle. The angle between the axis of the bore and the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor is preferably 15 ° to 80 °, in particular 30 ° to 60 °. An alignment of the holes transverse to the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor is possible. The pin-shaped connecting element may be formed as a conical pin, and the holes in the parts of the composite anchor may have a shape corresponding to the outer contour of the pin.

Each composite anchor part may have a triangular outer contour in a section - viewed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor, so that two composite parts result in a composite anchor having a square or diamond-shaped cross-sectional area.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is based on a composite anchor, which has a bore passing through it along its longitudinal axis. A more stable and stronger connection between the composite anchor and the components to be connected is achieved when the bore is threaded in one of the end regions.

In this case, the core diameter of the thread is preferably smaller than the diameter of the bore. The length of the thread in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor preferably extends over at most 50% of the total length of the composite anchor; Particularly preferably, the longitudinal extension of the thread is provided with a value of not more than 33%, in particular not more than 25%, of the total length of the composite anchor.

In order to achieve an improved attachment possibility of the composite anchor on the component, provides a further alternative embodiment, a composite anchor, on which at least one flat formed holding portion is arranged. In each case, at least one flat holding section can be arranged on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor. It is also possible for the at least two areally formed holding sections to lie in a common plane.

With this embodiment of a composite anchor, it is possible to dispense with a complete admission of the composite anchor in the device. Rather, the mandrels can protrude into corresponding recesses in the component only in one direction and the composite anchor can be fixed by means of the flat holding sections, for example by means of screws on an outer side of the device by the screws pass through holes in the flat formed holding sections. Therefore, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that mandrels are arranged on the composite anchor only in a partial space bounded by said plane.

Another embodiment provides that the flat-shaped holding section is arranged on the composite anchor that its surface normal parallel to the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor or with this forms an angle of less than 45 °.

The flat-shaped holding section can be arranged in particular in an axial end region of the composite anchor, according to an alternative embodiment but also in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the composite anchor adjustable on this. Again, it can be provided that only on one side of the composite anchor mandrels are arranged. With regard to the cross-sectional shape of this - one-piece - composite anchor is preferably provided that it viewed in a section perpendicular to its longitudinal axis has a triangular outer contour, preferably the mutually parallel mandrels are provided only on the two smaller side surfaces of the composite anchor.

The at least one flat holding section and the composite anchor can be cast in one piece. Alternatively, it is also possible that the at least one flat holding section is welded, soldered, screwed and / or glued to the composite anchor.

The system according to the invention of interconnected components, the structural system, has a first component, in which at least one thinned composite anchor is embedded, wherein the mandrels engage in the first component, and at least one further component. The invention proposal is based on that the composite anchor has a bore passing through it along its longitudinal axis, in which a rod-shaped fastening element, in particular a tube, is to be inserted, the rod-shaped fastening element being movable in the direction of its longitudinal axis relative to the composite anchor and / or relative to the further structural component and / or or can be set to another composite anchor.

A development provides that the axial fixing of the rod-shaped fastening element takes place relative to the composite anchor and / or relative to the further component and / or relative to a further composite anchor by means of at least one fastening pin, which is the component and / or the rod-shaped fastening element and / or the composite anchor and / or the further component at least partially interspersed.

The fastening pin preferably passes through the component and / or the rod-shaped fastening element and / or the composite anchor and / or the further component perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped fastening element.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, a respective composite anchor is arranged in each case a component, wherein between the two components another component is arranged and the rod-shaped fastening element passes through both composite anchors and the other component.

The rod-shaped fastening element can protrude axially beyond the composite anchor. Furthermore, depending on a fixing pin can be arranged directly on the opposite side of the other composite anchor axial end of the composite anchor.

The fixing pin may be a steel pin and have a diameter between 3 mm and 10 mm, preferably a diameter between 5 mm and 7 mm. Further, it facilitates assembly of the system when the attachment pin has a chamfer or point at one of its axial ends.

At least two components may be arranged in a common plane. Furthermore, at least one of the components may be a crossbar. Components within the meaning of the invention are in particular elements of a structure that are subjected to bending, torsion, tension or compression, such as columns, posts, beams, bars or rods, but also to a carrier or a structure to be connected elements, such as in particular holder for to be attached to a carrier articles or apparatus.

In particular, the invention proposal is used in a wind band connection (design of the purlin (s) of a roof construction).

The proposed invention has various advantages over the previously known solutions:

Mounting the system using a split shear anchor is easier. In some applications, the assembly considerably simplifies or new possibilities of installation are created.

The transmission of moments and forces between the component and the composite anchor is possible to a greater extent. The material load, especially in the composite anchor is reduced and voltage peaks can be reduced.

There are pure steel-steel connections possible, creating a high-strength connectivity. The effort in the production of the required components (by milling drilling, sawing, etc.) is lower and the system thus cheaper.

Occasionally occasionally used steel parts in wooden constructions can be omitted.

Also, the effort for the static or constructive calculation is reduced significantly, which creates advantages in the planning area.

In the following the invention with reference to drawings, each showing preferred embodiments of the proposal according to the invention, explained in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of three connected by two composite anchors components;

Fig. 2a, 2b perspective views of the two parts of a composite anchor with a tongue and groove system for the connection of the two parts;

3a, 3b perspective views of the two parts of a composite anchor with an alternative to Fig. 2

Tongue and groove system for the connection of the two parts;

4 is a perspective view of the two parts of a

Composite anchor in not yet connected state;

Fig. 5, the analogous to Fig. 4 representation in connected

Composite anchor portions;

Fig. 6 is a side view of one of the parts of

Shear connector; Fig. 7 is a side view of the other part of the

Shear connector;

FIG. 8 shows the front view associated with FIG. 6; FIG.

FIG. 9 shows the front view associated with FIG. 7; FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the two not yet connected parts of the composite anchor and connecting pins.

11 is a perspective view of a composite anchor with a through hole with internal thread; FIG. 12 shows the sectional side view of the composite anchor according to FIG. 11; FIG.

13 shows a perspective view of a composite anchor with flat connection sections;

FIG. 14 shows the front view of the composite anchor associated with FIG. 13; FIG.

FIG. 15 shows the plan view of the composite anchor associated with FIG. 13; FIG.

Fig. 16 is another perspective view of

Composite anchor of FIG. 13; 17 is a perspective view of a composite anchor with frontally arranged, flat formed connecting portion.

FIG. 18 shows the composite anchor according to FIG. 17 seen from another viewing direction; FIG. FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a composite anchor alternative to FIG. 17; FIG.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the composite anchor of FIG. 17 in an installation situation; FIG. Fiα. 21 in exploded view, three components and provided for their connection parts;

Rq. 22 is a perspective view of the arrangement of Figure 21 in a largely assembled state.

Fiq. FIG. 23 is a perspective view of an embodiment alternative to FIG. 22 in the fully assembled state. FIG.

In Fig. 1, a construction is shown, which consists of three components 1, 2, 3, which are firmly connected to each other via a composite anchor system. The component 1 is a one-piece wooden beam having a transverse bore. The two components 2 and 3, however, are formed as split in longitudinal section bar, d. H. they consist of subelements 2a and 2b or 3a and 3b.

In each sub-element 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b recesses are incorporated, so that a composite anchor 4 and 5 can be accommodated. Each composite anchor 4, 5 has spikes 6, which engage in bores in the sub-elements 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b of the components 2, 3. After the composite anchor 4, 5 is inserted into the recesses in the sub-element 2a or 3a, the sub-elements 2a and 2b or 3a and 3b are connected to each other, for example glued, so that the composite anchor 4, 5 fixed inside the device 2, 3 is arranged.

In the present case, both composite anchors 4, 5 are provided with a longitudinal bore. Before connecting the sub-elements 2a and 2b, a fastening screw 7 was still used. This rests with its head 8 at the axial end of the composite anchor 4 and interspersed both the composite anchor 4 and the component 1 and the composite anchor 5 to engage in a - not shown - thread in the composite anchor 5. If the screw 7 is then tightened via an opening 9 with an angle tool, a firm connection between the three components 1, 2, 3 is produced.

This construction principle is known in principle in the prior art.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, however, it is new that the composite anchor 4 shown on the left in the figure is designed as standard, however, that the composite anchor 5 shown on the right has a bore which is partially provided with an internal thread, see FIG. u.

The sketched in Fig. 1 construction concept can be used in components of any nature. It can be used, for example, in crossbeams or in a wind band connection and other various configurations.

To facilitate the assembly of the system, a solution is advantageous, as outlined in Fig. 2a and 2b. To recognize here is a two-part trained composite anchor 4, d. H. the composite anchor 4 consists here of a part 4a and a part 4b. It is indicated how the spikes 6 engage in recesses in two sub-elements 2a and 2b. The two parts 4a, 4b of the composite anchor 4 are provided on the side facing in the mounted state with a means 10 for the positive and non-positive connection of the two parts, namely each with a part of a tongue and groove system.

The one part of the means 10 is formed by a dovetail groove 11, the other part by a correspondingly shaped spring 12. The two parts 11 and 12 can be put together and then into a Insertion direction E are pushed into each other. The dovetail groove 11 thus forms an undercut for the spring 12, so that both parts are immovable perpendicular to the insertion direction E. To recognize is at the end of the spring 12, a small insertion bevel 13; Similarly, an insertion bevel 14 is provided at the insertion opening of the groove 11 in order to facilitate the assembly process, ie the insertion of the spring 12 into the groove 11.

An embodiment similar to FIGS. 2a and 2b can be seen in FIGS. 3a and 3b. Basically, the same principle is realized here, as shown in Fig. 2a, 2b. However, it is provided here that the tongue and groove system 10 has an orientation which is oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis L of the composite anchor 4. Furthermore, spaced two tongue and groove systems 10 are provided. Here, the two parts 4 a and 4 b of the composite anchor 4 can be pushed into the insertion direction E oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis L of the composite anchor 4.

The groove 11 and the spring 12 can be provided in the insertion direction E with a small conical angle α in order to be able to produce a non-positive bond when the corresponding end position is reached, in addition to the positive-locking connection ,

The two parts 4a, 4b of the composite anchor can be firmly connected to one another in a simple manner by means of the dovetail tongue and groove connection after they have been inserted into the components. The insertion of the two composite armature parts 4a and 4b in the components 2a and 2b can be done in a simple manner by the respective composite anchor members by means of screws to the components 2a and 2b be fixed. For this purpose, the two composite anchor parts 4a and 4b each have two holes not designated.

The composite anchor 4 of the type described can be used for the transmission of shear and shear forces and facilitate the production of prefabricated timber components (rod or sheet), which then z. B. with considerable ease of assembly at the construction site positively or non-positively assembled or pushed together.

FIGS. 4 to 10 illustrate another embodiment of the inventive concept. Just as in FIGS. 2 and 3, the composite anchor 4 is also designed in two parts, that is to say in FIG. H. it consists of the two parts 4a and 4b, wherein the dividing plane of the composite anchor 4 extends along and includes the longitudinal axis L (see FIG.

As can best be seen from FIGS. 6 to 9, the two parts 4a and 4b of the composite anchor 4 are respectively penetrated by bores 15, 16 and 17.

The bore 15 passes through approximately centrally both parts 4a, 4b of the composite anchor 4 at an angle 45 ° to the longitudinal axis L, s. 6 and 7.

However, the bores 16 and 17 penetrate the two parts 4a, 4b although also at 45 °, but to the direction Q transverse to the longitudinal axis L. The arranged in one end portion of the composite anchor 4 bore 16 is arranged in the opposite direction to that bore 17, in the other End region of the composite anchor 4 is arranged. As can best be seen in FIG. 10, pin-shaped connecting elements 18, 19, 20 are inserted through the two adjoining parts 4a and 4b of the composite anchor 4 in order to connect the two parts 4a, 4b firmly together. The connecting pin 18 is thereby inserted into the bore 15, the pins 19 and 20 in the holes 16 and 17. The arrangement of the holes 15, 16, 17 at an angle fixed connection between the parts 4a and 4b.

In Fig. 10 can still be seen that more pins 21 and 22 can be inserted into corresponding holes which extend at an angle of 90 ° to the longitudinal axis L.

The composite anchor 4 shown in a perspective view in FIG. 11 and in a sectional view in FIG. 12 is formed in one piece and has a through bore 23 which extends along the longitudinal axis L of the composite anchor 4. The composite anchor 4 is characterized in that it has an internal thread 24, the core diameter is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 23. Thus, it is possible to enter a screw in Fig. 11 and 12 from the right into the through hole 23 and screw its threads in the internal thread 24.

This allows bending moments to be absorbed in an improved manner. Namely, there are two support points for the bolt located in the bore 23, namely one in the threaded area and one at the exit area of the bolt at the end of the composite anchor. By the spacing of the two support points moments can be better absorbed than with previously known Solutions is the case. By passing the bolt through the hollow composite anchor and by screwing the bolt in the end located inside thread 24 creates a "change of criteria, towards the" support on two supports ,,. By the input and end supports of the inserted bolt, the forces occurring are absorbed better over the located between the support points distance, so that higher forces and moments can be transmitted, as usual in previously known solutions.

When extending the internal thread 24 can - as in a backward to be screwed shear anchor - connect to a counterpart. This considerably increases the variety of applications due to the proposed embodiment. The composite anchor can - with appropriate choice of the thread in terms of its length - provide connectivity options from both sides.

The solutions shown in FIGS. 13 to 20 are based on further embodiments of the composite anchor, in which the latter is equipped with at least one flat connection section.

In Fig. 13, a composite anchor 4 can be seen, the laterally each has two flat formed connecting portions 25. The connecting portions 25 are cast simultaneously with the composite anchor 4, so that there is a one-piece composite.

Each connecting portion 25 has at least one bore 26 with which it is possible to screw the composite anchor to the surface of a component. Then the thorns only protrude in one direction corresponding recesses in the component. Therefore, the composite anchor 4 sketched in FIGS. 13 to 20 is also provided only with spikes 6 which extend in a direction away from the composite anchor body.

It is apparent from FIGS. 15 and 16 that the through-bore 23 is also provided here, which merges into the thread 24 on one side.

FIGS. 17 to 19 show the composite anchor 4 in an alternative embodiment. Here, only a single, flat trained holding section 27 is provided, which is oriented so that its surface normal N parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the composite anchor 4 extends.

The solution according to FIG. 19 combines such a holding section 27 with the holding sections 25, which can be seen in FIGS. 13 to 16. The composite anchor 4 can be provided both without (see Fig. 17, 18) and with a through hole 23 - with and without thread 24 - (see Fig. 19).

FIG. 20 shows an application example in which the composite anchor 4 according to FIGS. 17 and 18 is used to connect two components 1, 2 to one another. The holding portion 27 forms a fixed support on the component 1 in order to fix the component 2 relative thereto. The determination of the holding portion 27 is effected by screws which are screwed through holes 28.

20 it can be seen that it is possible with the composite anchor proposed here, in particular a wooden secondary beam on an not visible to a wooden main beam. The recesses for the spikes are inserted by means of a template in the face of the subcarrier in a known manner. The composite anchor is then fastened to the secondary beam with wooden construction screws, which are guided either directly through the body of the composite anchor or through the lateral retaining sections. The thus completed secondary beam is then suspended on the main carrier by means of the front-side holding portion 27 and there again secured with wooden screws. This creates a non-visible connection.

During the rotation of the composite anchor by 180 °, so that the holding portion 27 z. B. would be placed on a concrete floor, it is possible, wooden stalks effectively and easy to install on z. B. connect the concrete surface or connect to this. This can also be done by means of nozzles which are guided through the cast-on or separate holding section instead of the wood-construction screw. This type of composite anchor can be installed both in the production plant for the purpose of high prefabrication in individual shafts or in stems, which are already installed in finished wall surfaces, with the result that even complete wall surfaces already such foot parts, the z. B. can be connected to concrete surfaces, not visibly carry in itself.

The embodiments proposed according to FIGS. 13 to 20 are particularly advantageous and preferred for the restoration of hoisting structures.

In these solutions, it is of particular advantage that it is possible to fix the composite anchor laterally on a wooden beam, ie it is not - as for example in FIG. 1 - implement the integrated conception light. The installation state of the composite anchor "only from the outside, allows the attachment of the anchor to a one-piece wood element in a very simple manner. For this purpose, the thorns are also provided pointing in one direction only.

It is thus achieved with the composite anchor 4 according to Figures 13 to 20, the decisive advantage that an attachment of the armature to a one-piece support is possible, from the outside.

FIGS. 21 to 23 show how a system of components 1, 2 and 3 can be connected to one another in a simple manner by means of two composite anchors 4. The component 1 (support) has for this purpose a transverse bore 29 through which a tube 30 (preferably a steel pipe) can be inserted. Both composite anchors 4 are provided with a passage bore along their longitudinal axis. The tube 30 is chosen to be long enough that it passes completely through the two composite anchors 4 and moreover still projects somewhat axially.

FIG. 21 shows that the composite anchors 4 are anchored in the components 2 and 3 (bars) in the manner explained in connection with FIG. 1. In Fig. 22 a pre-assembled installation situation is sketched, in which the tube 30 is pushed through the bore 29 in the component 1 and the two components 2 and 3 were laterally set so that the tube 30 passes through both composite anchor 4.

The fixation of the composite takes place here by steel pins 31, which are driven according to the sketched in, Fig. 22 pre-assembly in the manner shown. As best shown in Fig. 23, a preferably conical steel pin 31 is hammered so as to penetrate the component 1 together with the pipe 30; so that the tube 30 is fixed relative to the component 1.

The other two steel pins 31 are driven transversely through the components 2 and 3 such that the tube 30 is penetrated in each case directly in the axial end region of the composite anchor 4. Thus, the tube 30 is fixed relative to the respective composite anchor 4, so that a total of the solid bond between the three components 1, 2, 3 is made.

Corresponding holes for the steel pins 31 in the components 1, 2 and 3 and possibly in the pipe can be previously attached to the

To facilitate assembly. For example, the holes with a

5 mm diameter are drilled and then driven steel pins with a diameter of 6 mm. Finally, the entry holes of the steel pins can be closed with wooden plugs.

The proposal according to FIGS 21 to 23 allows a pure steel-steel compound, in the z. B. the Lochlaibungspressungen the composite anchor in the wood are no longer crucial. This leads to higher power consumption and unlike pure wood-to-wood connections to the benefits of pure steel-steel compounds that are complex. The composite anchor can with casting slopes of z. B. 2 ° and have radii z. B. be at least 2 mm. The radii of the mandrels relative to the main body of the composite anchor are designed so that no elevations form and the composite anchor fits snugly in the recesses introduced for its inclusion. The composite anchor can be provided with a zinc layer, with typical overlay thicknesses between 5 and 8 microns.

The geometric dimensions of the composite anchor and any holes in it depend on the particular application. For example, for a wind band connection wood screws with a diameter of 12 mm can be used, which has the corresponding dimensions of the composite anchor result. Also, the length of the composite anchor is chosen according to the forces to be transmitted.

Likewise, the invention proposal for the connection of stem-shaped or sheet-shaped components is suitable. Application examples are, for example, fastenings of wall panels in wooden components.

Claims

claims:

1. For connecting at least two components (1, 2, 3) suitable composite anchor (4) having a number of mandrels (6) and in one of the components (1, 2, 3) at least partially, preferably completely, is inserted wherein the mandrels (6) of the composite anchor (4) engage in corresponding recesses in the component (1, 2, 3),

characterized,

that the composite anchor (4) is formed at least in two parts (4a, 4b) and provided with means (10, 18, 19, 20) or interacts with them, with which the at least two parts (4a, 4b) can be connected to one another.

2. A composite anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting means (10) are suitable for connection for producing a positive and / or non-positive connection.

3. The composite anchor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composite anchor (4) is divided along a plane containing its longitudinal axis (L).

4. A composite anchor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the connecting means (10) as at least one undercut exhibiting tongue and groove system (11, 12) ausge- are formed, wherein each part of the composite anchor (4a, 4b) has a part of the tongue and groove system (11, 12).

5. A composite anchor according to claim 4, characterized in that the tongue and groove system (10, 11) consists of at least one dovetail-shaped groove (11) and a correspondingly shaped spring (12).

6. The composite anchor according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that extending the tongue and groove system (11, 12) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) of the composite anchor (4).

7. The composite anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that a single tongue and groove system (11, 12) on the parts (4a, 4b) of the composite anchor (4) is arranged.

8. The composite anchor according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that extending the tongue and groove system (11, 12) in the direction (Q) transversely to the longitudinal axis (L) of the composite anchor (4).

9. A composite anchor according to claim 8, characterized in that at least two tongue and groove systems (11, 12) on the parts (4a, 4b) of the composite anchor (4) are arranged.

10. A composite anchor according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the tongue and groove system (11, 12) has a in the insertion direction (E) changing width.

11. A composite anchor according to claim 10, characterized in that the tongue and groove system (11, 12) in the insertion direction (E) of the spring (12) in the groove (11) is conical.

12. A composite anchor according to claim 11, characterized in that the cone angle (α) between 0.5 ° and 5 °, preferably between 1 ° and 3 °.

13. The composite anchor according to any one of claims 4 to 12, character- ized in that the groove (11) and / or the spring (12) of the tongue and groove system (11, 12) in its one end region an insertion bevel (13, 14).

14. A composite anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, character- ized in that the connecting means (10) at least one pin-shaped connecting element (18, 19, 20), each in a bore (15, 16, 17) in each of Parts (4a, 4b) of the composite anchor (4) are insertable, wherein the axis of the bore (15, 16, 17) to the longitudinal axis (L) of the composite anchor (4) includes an angle.

15. A composite anchor according to claim 14, characterized in that the angle between the axis of the bore and the longitudinal axis (L) of the composite anchor (4) 15 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 ° to 60 °, is.

16. A composite anchor according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the pin-shaped connecting element (18, 19, 20) as ko nischer pin is formed and the bores (15, 16, 17) have a shape corresponding to the outer contour of the pin.

17. A composite anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 16, character- ized in that each part (4a, 4b) of the composite anchor (4) viewed in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L) of the composite anchor (4) has a triangular outer contour.

18. For connecting at least two components (1, 2, 3) suitable composite anchor, which has a number of mandrels (6) and in one of the components (1, 2, 3) at least partially, preferably completely, embedded, wherein the Mandrels (6) of the composite anchor (4) engage in corresponding recesses in the component (1, 2, 3) and wherein the composite anchor (4) along its longitudinal axis (L) passing through bore (23), in particular according to one of the claims 1 to 17,

characterized,

that the bore (23) in one of the end regions with a thread

(24) is provided.

19. A composite anchor according to claim 18, characterized in that the core diameter of the thread (24) is smaller than the diameter of the bore (23).

20. The composite anchor according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the thread (24) extends over at most 50% of the total length of the composite anchor (4).

21. The composite anchor according to claim 20, characterized in that the thread (24) extends over at most 33%, preferably over at most 25%, of the entire length of the composite anchor (4).

22. For connecting at least two components (1, 2, 3) suitable composite anchor having a number of mandrels (6) and in one of the components (1, 2, 3), preferably only partially embedded, wherein the mandrels (6 ) of the composite anchor (4) in corresponding

Recesses in the component (1, 2, 3) engage, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 21,

characterized,

in that at least one area-shaped holding section (25, 27) is arranged on the composite anchor (4).

23, composite anchor according to claim 22, characterized in that each at least one flat formed holding portion (25) on both sides of the longitudinal axis (L) of the composite anchor (4) is arranged.

24. A composite anchor according to claim 23, characterized in that the at least two flat holding portions (25) lie in a common plane.

25. A composite anchor according to claim 24, characterized in that only in a limited space of the subspace mandrels (6) on the composite anchor (4) are arranged.

26. A composite anchor according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the flat formed holding portion (27) is arranged on the composite anchor (4) that its Oberflächennor- male (N) parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the composite anchor (4) runs or with this an angle of less than 45 ° includes.

27. A composite anchor according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that the flat-shaped holding portion (27) in an axial end region of the composite anchor (4) is arranged.

28. A composite anchor according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that the flat-shaped holding portion (27) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) of the composite anchor (4) is adjustably arranged on this.

29. A composite anchor according to any one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that only on one side of the plane of symmetry of the composite anchor (4) mandrels (6) are arranged.

30. A composite anchor according to any one of claims 22 to 29, characterized in that the composite anchor (4) viewed in a section perpendicular to its longitudinal axis (L) has a triangular outer contour.

31, composite anchor according to claim 30, characterized in that only on the two smaller side surfaces of the composite anchor (4) are preferably provided mutually parallel mandrels (6).

32. The composite anchor according to one of claims 22 to 31, characterized in that the at least one flat holding section (25, 27) and the composite anchor (4) are cast in one piece.

33. The composite anchor according to one of claims 22 to 31, characterized in that the at least one flat holding section (25, 27) is welded to the composite anchor (4).

34. The composite anchor according to one of claims 22 to 31, characterized in that the at least one flat holding section (25, 27) is soldered to the composite anchor (4).

35. The composite anchor according to one of claims 22 to 31, characterized in that the at least one flat holding section (25, 27) is screwed to the composite anchor (4).

36. The composite anchor according to any one of claims 22 to 31, character- ized in that the at least one flat-shaped holding portion (25, 27) is glued to the composite anchor (4).

37. System of interconnected components (1, 2, 3), in particular structural system, with a first component (2), in which at least one thorns (6) provided with composite anchor (4) is embedded, wherein the mandrels (6) in the first component (2) engage, and with at least one further component (3), characterized,

in that the composite anchor (4) has a bore (23) penetrating it along its longitudinal axis (L), in which a rod-shaped fastening element (30), in particular a tube, is inserted, which is movable in the direction of its longitudinal axis relative to the composite anchor (4). and relative to the further component (3) and / or to another composite anchor (4) can be determined.

38. System according to claim 37, characterized in that the axial fixing of the rod-shaped fastening element (30) relative to the composite anchor (4) and / or relative to the further component (2) and / or relative to another composite anchor (4) by means of at least one Fixing pin (31), which is the component (2) and / or the rod-shaped fastening element

(30) and / or the composite anchor (4) and / or the further component (1, 2) at least partially penetrated.

39. System according to claim 38, characterized in that the fastening pin (31) the component (2) and / or the rod-shaped fastening element (30) and / or the composite anchor (4) and / or the further component (1, 2) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped fastening element (30) passes through.

40. System according to one of claims 37 to 39, characterized in that a respective composite anchor (4) in each case a component (2, 3) is arranged, wherein between the two components (2, 3) arranged a further component (1) is and the rod-shaped Fastening element (30) passes through both composite anchors (4) and the further component (1) (FIGS. 22, 23).

41. System according to claim 40, characterized in that the rod-shaped fastening element (30) axially over the composite anchors

(4) protrudes.

42. System according to claim 41, characterized in that a fixing pin (31) is arranged directly at the outwardly directed end of each composite anchor (4).

43. System according to one of claims 38 to 42, characterized in that the fastening pin (31) is a steel pin.

44. System according to one of claims 38 to 43, characterized in that each fixing pin (31) has a diameter between 3 mm and 10 mm, preferably a diameter between 5 mm and 7 mm.

45. System according to one of claims 38 to 44, characterized in that each fastening pin (31) has a chamfer or point at one axial end.

46. System according to one of claims 37 to 45, characterized in that at least two components (1, 2, 3) in one

Lie flat.

47. System according to one of claims 37 to 46, characterized in that at least one of the components (1, 2, 3) is a crossbar.