EP1861553A1

EP1861553A1 - Self-supporting module comprising non-load bearing external walls that are pre-mounted on said module

Info

Publication number: EP1861553A1
Application number: EP06707317A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rainer Huxel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-03-04
Filing date: 2006-02-28
Publication date: 2007-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2026-02-28
Also published as: US20080066422A1; US8001731B2; ATE450670T1; DE102005009978A1; DK1861553T3; DE502006005514D1; EP1861553B1; WO2006092262A1

Abstract

A self-supporting module contains first and second rectangular, generally closed longitudinal frames, which are detachably interconnected by crossmembers and to which external wall elements are detachably fixed. The module is characterized in that the external wall elements have dimensions corresponding generally to the height and the width or length of the module and that the outer edges of the elements run flush with the outer edges of the longitudinal frames and crossmembers in such a way that in the corner region of the module, the end faces of adjoining external wall elements define a recess in the form of re-entrant corner. Corner elements are detachably fixed in the recesses, the elements sealing the interior of the module that is delimited by the external wall elements in relation to the exterior.

Description

SELF-SUPPORTING ROOM CELL WITH NON-BEARING SUPPORTED EXTERNAL WALLS

The invention relates to a self-supporting room cell with non-load-bearing outer wall elements placed on the outer sides of the room cell according to the preamble of claim 1.

Due to the rising prices for residential and commercial buildings, in particular for homes, due to high demands on thermal insulation and high costs for operating a construction site, home-building systems have been developed in which prefabricated space cells can be used to construct a building in a simple and cost-effective manner.

For example, DE 93 12 109 U1 discloses a building construction consisting of prefabricated space cells, in which the space cells consist of a steel skeleton with a rectangular base frame, a rectangular ceiling frame and four vertical supports connecting the frame. To form a living space, the outer surfaces of heat and sound insulating multi-part outer wall elements are enclosed in light construction in superposed or juxtaposed room cells, wherein the lowermost outer wall element is supported on arranged on the base frame support strips. To form a floor or a ceiling guides are provided in the base and ceiling frame, in the individual concrete slab elements are inserted. The frame construction formed from the space cells is based here on strip foundations on the ground, the base frame rests directly on the foundations.

Another space cell formed from a self-supporting steel skeleton is described in DE 40 03 961 A 1, wherein the steel skeleton comprises a top and bottom frame, and supports located therebetween. The ceiling and the floor pan are hereby supported on profiles arranged horizontally in the upper and lower frames, in particular Z-profiles. Furthermore, DE 198 54 401 A1 shows stackable steel construction frames with a top and bottom frame, vertical supports being distributed over the longitudinal and transverse sides of the top frame and bottom frame, which bear the loads from the top frame to the bottom frame. The walls are here formed by attached to the vertical beams cladding elements, the outer walls are additionally provided with an insulating element. To form window and door openings, the vertical supports are further limited by additional horizontally extending intermediate carrier.

Furthermore, DE 29 20 421 A1 describes a construction frame with outer walls attached to the frame, in which a floor and a ceiling panel are connected to each other via shaped vertical supports and form a room cell.

Due to the complex construction of the known from the prior art room cells with a high number of different components, the building structures formed from these space cells can be erected only with great technical effort, and can be difficult to adapt to the changing needs of the builders. Furthermore, these room cells have, in particular in the area of the connection of the outer wall elements, thermal bridges which require a high heating heat demand in the building structures erected from these room cells.

Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a self-supporting space cell that can be used flexibly and with little technical effort, and meets high requirements for thermal insulation.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

Further features of the invention are contained in the subclaims.

According to the invention, a self-supporting space cell comprises first and second rectangular, substantially closed longitudinal frames, the first and second Longitudinal frame via cross member are releasably connected together. The spatial frame construction formed by the cross members and longitudinal frames in this case advantageously has only a low weight. On the outer upper, lower, longitudinal and / or broad sides of the room cell releasably patched Außenwand-, Bodenabschluss- and roof elements are flush with the outer edges of the space frame formed from longitudinal frame and cross members, the Außenwand-, Bodenabschluss- and roof elements a have substantially the height, the width or the length of the room cell corresponding size. For the sake of simplicity, furthermore, the bottom termination element arranged on the underside of the room cell and the roof element arranged on the upper side of the room cell will also largely be referred to as outer wall element.

The end faces of adjoining outer wall elements form in the corner region of a room cell a recess which has the shape of a re-entrant corner with preferably rectangular cross-section. To seal the bounded by the outer wall elements interior space with respect to the outer sides of the space cell corner elements are releasably secured in the recesses.

Due to the releasable attachment of the cross member to the longitudinal frame, the outer wall elements on the outer sides of the room cell and the corner element in the recess, the room cell is completely dismantled into their individual parts, the individual components exchangeable after disassembly in a cost effective and environmentally friendly manner, reusable or are recyclable.

The outer wall elements are, in particular, lightweight, self-supporting, non-stiffening and thermally insulated components which only serve to protect the space enclosed by the outer wall elements from the effects of the weather, but which do not assume a static function. Since the space cell formed from the longitudinal frame and cross members independently assumes the function of statics and stiffening, and the outer wall elements are detachably mounted on the outside of the room cell, the outer wall elements, as well as the corner elements are kept simple in their construction, making them cost-effective industrially mass-produced. In this case, it is possible, for example, that the outer wall elements have a supporting frame made of wood, in the heat insulation elements, window and door surfaces can be integrated. Only for the releasable attachment of the outer wall elements to the room cell requires attachment points, but these can be realized, for example via screw or plug-in fertilizer in a simple manner. The corner elements are preferably provided with a thermal insulation and serve as the outer wall elements mainly protection against the weather. In this case, the section of the corner element extending from outside to outside of the outer wall elements can have a rectangular, circular, oval, arcuate and / or polygonal shaped cross section, wherein for a fitting insertion of the corner element into the recess, the cross section of the corner element preferably corresponds to the shape of the recess , Thus, it is possible in this context, for example in a re-entrant corner in the corner of the space cell, that the corner element has a polygonal cross-section with a circular section and two leg surfaces arranged at a right angle to each other, in each case one leg surface of the corner element each faces an end face of an outer wall element , In particular, in the region of the roof, it can furthermore be provided that the corner element has a rain gutter in the section extending from the outer wall element to the roof element.

For individual color design of the room cell, it may further be provided that the outer wall and corner elements are available in a range of different colors. So it is conceivable, for example, that the outer wall and corner elements in different styles, such as country house or Bauhaus style, offered, the Außenwand- and corner elements preferably have the same construction and differ only in color and in the decorative design elements.

According to the invention, the room cell has a length which is twice as large as the width of the room cell. This results in the advantage that in the construction of a building construction, the space cells both in their alignment with adjoining longitudinal edges parallel to each other, as well as with adjoining longitudinal and Broad sides can be arranged perpendicular or transverse to each other. In this case, the outer sides of two mutually adjoining longitudinal sides parallel to each other aligned space cells and at a right angle thereto at the broad sides or end faces of the two mutually parallel space cells arranged third space cell in plan form the shape of a rectangle. In this way, the large number of possible combinations of the room cells offers a variety of design options for a building formed from room cells. For further individual design of buildings, however, the room cells may also have dimensions that deviate therefrom. For example, it is possible that individual room cells are only half as long and / or wide as other room cells.

According to the invention, the space cells have a height of less than 350 cm and a length of less than 650 cm, with a length of 530 cm and a width of 265 cm being particularly advantageous for transport, in particular by lorries , As a result, the room cell with only a small cost at a place of manufacture can be produced industrially and can be brought to the respective site after the production due to the low weight of the room cell, especially with trucks cost. The outer wall elements to be fitted can in this case be e.g. have a thickness of about 30cm.

Due to the dimensions of the space cell according to the invention and the transportability associated therewith further results in the advantage that the space cell and attached thereto outer wall and corner elements are not firmly tied to a plot. So it is conceivable, for example, that when a move of the builders to another place, the room cell is reduced together with the outer wall and corner elements and including the finished foundations and taken away to be rebuilt elsewhere.

In order to obtain a self-supporting space cell without stiffening elements, the crossbeams are rigidly connected to the longitudinal frame in an inventive manner via an end plate connection. Here, depending on the embodiment and size of Cell be provided both on the longitudinal frame, as well as on the cross members end plates. The cross members are preferably connected via a screw with the longitudinal frame, so that the space cell for transport with particular smaller transport vehicles in an advantageous manner disassembled or expandable for a transformation. The front plate connection is in this case constructed in such a way that the maximum bending moments and transverse forces, as they occur, for example, in a multi-storey arrangement of the space cells above the other, can be transmitted from the cross members to the longitudinal frame. In addition, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal frame stiffened corners, so that no further infills or stiffening elements are required for the statics of the longitudinal frame.

Unlike in the case of known shell structures, factory halls or residential buildings in a modular construction, the construction of buildings from the self-supporting space cells according to the invention has the advantage that they can be easily implemented on the modular principle. Thus, for example, exterior wall and corner elements of a room cell can be easily supplemented, replaced or modularly changed without regard to the statics in the manner of a construction kit.

According to the invention, the longitudinal frame comprises a first lower and a second upper longitudinal member, which are rigidly connected to one another via a first and second support arranged in the end region of the longitudinal members with a preferably square hollow profile. The connection of the first and second support to the side members can be carried out, for example detachably via a screw or fixed via a welded connection, wherein for transmission of bending moments and transverse forces preferably an end plate connection between the longitudinal member and support is provided. In this case, the supports preferably have a length which corresponds to the height of the room cell, so that the longitudinal members are connected to the supports via their end faces. However, the supports can also be shorter, wherein the longitudinal members have a length of the space cell corresponding length. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided, for example, that the longitudinal frames have two supports of different lengths to form a room cell with a sloping roof surface. The longitudinal frames are in this case connected to each other via cross members and have upper side members which are inclined at an angle to the horizontal. For a larger inclination angle of the roof surface, it is alternatively also possible to connect two longitudinal frames of different heights via cross members with each other. The outer wall element is in this case as a roof surface on the longer upper side members and the shorter extending at an angle to the horizontal upper cross members.

To support the self-supporting outer wall elements arranged on the longitudinal and broad sides of the room cell, according to the invention, at least one support strip is arranged on the lower longitudinal members and / or on the lower cross members, to which the outer wall element is detachably mounted.

In this case, the support strip according to the invention has the shape of an angle, wherein the outer wall element is supported on the one leg and the other leg of the angle with the lower side member both screwed and welded or can be mounted on the lower side member. Depending on the weight of the outer wall element, the support strip may continue to consist either of a metal sheet or of a plastic material, to avoid thermal bridges, a plastic material is due to the lower heat transfer coefficient of advantage.

Instead of a support strip, however, tabs or recesses may be provided on the lower side members and / or the lower cross members, in which hooks or pins engage, which are arranged in the lower region of the outer wall elements for this purpose.

According to the invention, the outer wall element is connected via connecting means, in particular a screw connection, to the upper longitudinal member, but the outer wall element may also be suspended from the upper side member. This results in the Advantage that the outer wall element is both easy to assemble and disassembled. During assembly, the outer wall element in this case, for example, first placed on a arranged on the lower longitudinal and / or cross member support bar or hooked into the arranged on the lower longitudinal and / or cross members tabs or recesses, to then be screwed against the upper side member.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, the first lower side member has an open, preferably U-shaped cross-section, wherein the opening of the cross-sectional form is preferably directed into the interior of the room cell. In the production of the longitudinal frame as well as the space cells, the upper longitudinal and transverse beams preferably have the same profile shape as the lower longitudinal and transverse beams, whereby advantageously only a minimal number of different profile cross sections are to be provided for the production.

By choosing an open cross section for the side members and / or cross member is advantageously the possibility to insert a prefabricated floor element in the first lower side rail and / or a prefabricated ceiling element in the second upper side rail, resulting in a time advantage in the completion of a room cell results. When putting together a room cell of longitudinal frame with extending over the length of the cell space longitudinal members, it is possible, for example, before mounting the last lower cross member to insert over the broad side of the not yet mounted cross member, the bottom element, the open cross sections of the lower side members serve as a guide , In this case, according to the invention, the floor element is self-supporting and essentially rigid, so that it advantageously requires no additional reinforcing elements in the area of the floor. Another advantage of this embodiment of the invention is that the bottom element is also transportable due to its flexural rigidity and can be delivered to a construction site as a prefabricated component manufactured in large quantities.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a vapor barrier is provided on the side of the outer wall elements facing the interior, which is in accordance with the invention extends beyond the end faces of the outer wall elements. The vapor barrier is in this case arranged between an inner lining and a thermal barrier coating of the outer wall element, but the inner lining may also be formed as a composite plate with integrated vapor barrier. In the corner region of the room cell, the vapor barriers, which preferably consist of a coated paper or a plastic film, extend from the end face into the recess, wherein the vapor barriers extending beyond the end faces for sealing the interior enclosed by the outer wall elements, for example by a Adhesive connection are interconnected. In particular, with a large temperature gradient between the inside and outside of the outer wall elements, the vapor barrier advantageously prevents the entry of humid room air in the interior of the outer wall and corner element, whereby the formation of condensate and thus a reduction of the thermal insulation capacity of the outer wall and corner elements due a wetting of the thermal barrier coating is avoided. By connecting the vapor barriers of adjacent outer wall elements in the corner regions of the room cell, the interior space enclosed by the outer wall elements is advantageously sealed off in a windproof and vapor-tight manner. This preferably applies to all end faces of the outer wall elements, ie the lower, upper and lateral end faces of each outer wall element.

According to the invention, it can furthermore be provided that the vapor barriers of two adjoining outer wall elements which extend beyond the end faces in the corner region of the room cell are connected to one another via a self-adhesive film. In the case of the self-adhesive film, which performs the function of a vapor barrier in the region of the recess, it is preferably a conventional adhesive tape which is glued on the front sides thereof after assembly of the outer wall elements, fixes the vapor barriers on the respective end face of the outer wall elements and moves away from the outer wall elements Front side of the one outer wall element extends over the re-entrant corner to the end face of the adjacent outer wall element. The simple assembly of such a self-adhesive film has the advantage that the region of the recess is inexpensive to seal, with the self-adhesive film in the region of the abutting The edges of the end faces preferably has a fold, which allows relative movement of the outer wall elements to each other, for example, by thermal expansion and thereby prevents tearing of the self-adhesive film.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the corner element comprises at least one thermal barrier coating and a cladding, wherein the thermal barrier coating is enclosed by the cladding and the end faces of the outer wall elements adjoining in the corner region of the spatial cell. The cladding, which consists in particular of sheet metal, plastic material or wood, closes the heat-insulating layer to the outside and thus prevents their wetting or damage. When installing the corner element, the panel is preferably fixed with a screw or clamp connection in the recess after the introduction of the thermal barrier coating in the recess, wherein the attachment points are not specified. This results in the advantage that the corner element can consist of standardized components and can be easily and precisely fixed in recesses with different dimensions.

Alternatively, however, the corner element may also comprise a plastic hollow profile filled with heat-insulating material, in particular of polyurethane, wherein the cross section of the hollow profile has at least two leg faces assigned to the end faces of the outer wall elements.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the corner elements are einklebbar in the recesses. After the assembly of two adjoining outer wall elements in the corner region of a room cell, the corner element can thus be adhesively bonded to the surfaces associated with the end faces of the outer wall elements. The adhesive bond between the corner element and the end faces of the outer wall elements can be produced for example by single or multi-component liquid adhesive, with self-adhesive double-sided adhesive tape or with hot melt adhesive, the adhesive bond for subsequent disassembly of the outer wall elements and the corner element in particular by a in the Adhesive bond or separating wire inserted in which can be made detachable. The adhesive bond between the end face of an outer wall element and the corresponding surface of a corner element is here separated by tightening the preferably wave-shaped loosely glued separating thread. As a result, the outer wall elements and the corner element are advantageously reusable even after disassembly.

To deposit the room cell on the ground foundations are provided in the corner of the room cell foundations on which the room cell is supported. The foundations are preferably prefabricated single or strip foundations made of reinforced concrete, which are to be placed only at the designated places on the property, and are preferably designed to facilitate transport multi-part. This results after dismantling and removal of the space cell the advantage that the foundations are removable and reusable, so that the ground is sustainable and can be returned to the original state at low cost.

According to the invention, provision can furthermore be made for at least one leveling element to be arranged between the room cell and the foundations, which serves to compensate for different elevations of the foundations. When setting the foundations, this results in the advantage that there is a greater tolerance with respect to the altitude of the individual foundations and also uneven ground or when setting a foundation, the height difference compensated by the leveling even later and the room cell can be aligned horizontally.

In the production of a building construction with at least one first and one second interconnected room cell, according to the invention, the space cells can be arranged next to one another or above one another or next to one another and above one another. To expand or reduce the building construction, the space cells according to the invention in an advantageous manner releasably connected to each other. In this case, the free outer sides of the building construction are essentially enclosed by overhanging and juxtaposed outer wall elements. Due to a large number of different different possible combinations of the first and second room cell results in a further advantage that the builder receives a high degree of flexibility in the design of its building construction.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the space cells may be arranged at a distance from each other, wherein between the adjacent end faces of the outer wall elements of the spaced-apart space cells coupling elements are releasably secured. The coupling elements serve in this case in particular for sealing the interior space enclosed by the outer wall elements in the region between the spaced-apart space cells and may form part of the exterior, roof and floor-facing outer walls of the building construction defined by the outer wall elements.

Since with the space cells according to the invention, a building construction can be created whose floor plan has a shape deviating from the rectangular shape, such as an L, T or even a star shape, there is the advantage of a high variability in the design of the floor plan.

Like the outer wall elements, the coupling elements also have a supporting frame and thermal insulation, which are protected against mechanical damage and the effects of weather by an enclosing outer lining. Since the coupling elements take no supporting function and therefore only have to carry themselves, they are due to their simple construction advantageously in large quantities industrially produced.

The shape of the coupling elements is dependent on the shape of the floor plan, in particular the angle between the end faces of the outer wall elements of the space cells spaced apart from each other and the distance between the room cells. For example, in the case of an L-shaped floor plan, the building construction has a recessed corner with two outer wall elements arranged at a right angle to one another, their adjoining end faces being connected to one another via the coupling element get connected. For this purpose, the coupling element has two side surfaces which are arranged at a right angle to one another and which face the end faces of the outer wall elements and are detachably connected thereto.

For wind and vapor-tight sealing of the enclosed by the outer wall elements and coupling elements interior, the coupling elements comprise vapor barriers, which extend beyond the end faces of the outer wall elements facing sides of the coupling elements addition. The vapor barriers, which consist in particular of a paper or plastic film, are preferably adhesively bonded to the vapor barriers of the adjacent outer wall elements, but may also be connected to them in some other way.

The distance between the adjoining space cells is preferably in a range of 20cm to 50cm and is dependent on both the strength of the contiguous outer wall elements of the spaced apart space cells and their angles to each other. Since the outer wall elements preferably have a thickness of 30 cm, for example, for a L-shaped floor plan of the building construction, a distance of 30 cm has proven to be particularly advantageous.

The gap obtained by the spacing of the room cells can be used in an advantageous manner as an additional living space or for installation of a built-in wardrobe. For this purpose, a one-part or multi-part floor element and / or ceiling element is releasably secured thereto between the adjoining room cells. The floor element or the ceiling element can in this case either be suspended from the longitudinal frame and / or cross members of the adjacent room cells or be screwed thereto.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the space between the room cells for the accommodation of supply and disposal lines, such as gas, wastewater and fresh water lines used. For reasons of sound insulation and unhindered thermal expansion, a damping element according to the invention is provided between the adjacent or superimposed space cells, which consists in particular of neoprene.

For sealing joints occurring between the end faces of the outer wall elements, a sealing strip or hose is arranged in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention in the joints, which consist in particular of a permanently elastic polyurethane foam plastic or EPDM impregnated with bitumen. The sealing tape serves as a wind seal and further prevents the ingress of moisture into the interior of the building structure and in between the outer wall elements and the outer sides of the room cell located intermediate spaces.

Furthermore, in front of the outer wall elements to avoid condensation in the area of the outer wall, coupling, and / or corner elements, a spaced-ventilated facade is provided in accordance with the invention. This results in the advantage that can be dispensed with in the outer wall elements on an external water-repellent surface, it is conceivable that, for example, in the outer wall elements heat insulation mats are integrated rock wool and the outer wall elements may be directly facing the ventilated facade without an additional cover.

Within the inner space enclosed by the outer wall elements, the space cells can be subdivided in accordance with the invention by inner wall elements. The inner wall elements are preferably a partition wall system made of wood-based panels known from the prior art or lightweight walls which have a frame construction made of wood with pre-set plasterboard panels.

The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings with reference to preferred embodiments.

In the drawings show Fig. Ia is a schematic perspective view of a single invention

Room cell with floor, exterior wall elements and corner elements,

1b shows a schematic spatial view of superimposed and juxtaposed spatial cells according to the invention with outer wall elements and corner elements,

2 shows a schematic sectional view of a plan view of the corner area of a room cell according to the invention with outer wall elements arranged on the outer sides of the room cells and with a corner element glued in the corner area,

3 is a schematic sectional view of a plan view of two adjoining room cells with outer wall elements arranged on the outer sides of the room cells,

4 shows a schematic sectional view of a plan view of two space cells arranged next to each other at a distance from one another with outer wall elements arranged on the outer sides of the space cells and a coupling element arranged between the outer wall elements,

5 shows a schematic sectional view in a plan view of three spaced-apart space cells in the region of a re-entrant corner of the building construction according to the invention with outer wall elements arranged on the outer sides of the space cells and a coupling element arranged in the region of the re-entrant corner,

6 is a schematic sectional view of a side view of two superimposed spatial cells with outer wall elements fastened to the outer sides of the spatial cells and with a floor element inserted into the upper spatial cell, 7 is a schematic side sectional view of an inventive

Room cell in the area of the bearing of the room cell on a single foundation, and

8 is a schematic sectional view of the transition according to the invention from a roof surface forming horizontally arranged outer wall element to a vertically arranged outer wall element.

In Fig. Ia, a room cell 1 is shown with a first and second rectangular, substantially closed longitudinal frame 2,4, which are detachably connected to each other via four cross members 6, wherein the space cell 1 consists in particular of steel profiles. The cross member 6 in this case have at their ends in each case an end plate 8, with which they are connected in the corner region of the longitudinal frame 2.4 to this. As the Applicant has found, for the transmission of bending moments and shear forces between the cross members 6 and the longitudinal frame 2.4 a not shown in Fig.la screw the longitudinal frame 2.4 with the thrust plate 8 of the cross member 6 has been found to be particularly advantageous , Furthermore, the detachable connection of the longitudinal frames 2, 4 and the cross member 6 has the advantage that the room cell 1, disassembled into individual parts, is easy to transport.

The longitudinal frames each comprise a first lower and a second upper longitudinal member 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b, which are connected with their end faces via a support 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b arranged at right angles to form a self-supporting, independent frame. The supports 14 a, 14 a, 16 a, 16 b are preferably formed from a square hollow profile and have a length which substantially corresponds to the height of the room cell 1. The side members 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b, like the cross members 6, may also be welded to a face plate connection at each upper or lower end of the supports 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b to a leg surface of the square hollow profile of the support 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b or but with the support 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b releasably bolted or plugged. The interior of the square hollow profile of the columns 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b can be used in an advantageous manner for receiving electrical or other supply and disposal lines.

The longitudinal and transverse beams 6, 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b have an open U-shaped cross-section which is not recognizable in FIG. 1a and have substantially the same profile height, the openings of the U-shaped cross section of the transverse and longitudinal beams 6, 10a , 10b, 12a, 12b point in the direction of the interior of the room cell. Before connecting the two longitudinal frames 2,4 on the lower cross member 6, a self-supporting floor element 18 can be inserted into the open cross-sections of the profiles of the lower side members 10a, 10b in an advantageous manner, wherein the bottom member 18 on the bottom not shown in Fig.la Leg surfaces of the U-shaped cross section of the transverse and longitudinal members 6,10a, 10b, 12a, 12b rests. The self-supporting floor element 18 is here in particular a trapezoidal sheet and structurally designed so rigid that it remains almost flat at a usual for residential and commercial buildings ceiling load and does not bend. In the same way, however, the bottom element 18 can also be composed of a plurality of individual rod-shaped or rod-shaped individual elements, which further simplify transport and assembly.

To protect the interior of the room cell 1 from the weather, self-supporting non-stiffening outer wall elements 20,22 can be arranged both on the longitudinal and broad sides and on the top and bottom of the room cell, whose length and height substantially the height and length or height and width of the room cell 1 correspond. In this case, the outer edges of the outer wall elements 20, 22 are substantially flush with the outer edges of the room cell 1.

When mounting the outer wall elements 20,22 on the longitudinal and broadside of the room cell 1, these are releasably mounted on the bottom of the room cell 1 attached support strips 24 and screwed in the upper region of the outer forest element 20,22 with the room cell 1, wherein the support strips 24th preferably on the lower transverse and longitudinal members 6,10a, 10b are arranged. The support strips 24 may in this case be arranged on the transverse and longitudinal members 6,10a, 10b sheet or an angle with the lower Side members 10,10b and the lower cross members 6 bolted, welded or otherwise secured thereto. The outer wall elements 20,22 are further preferably screwed to the upper transverse and longitudinal members 6,12a, 12b, but can also be mounted on in Fig. Ia tabs not shown, which are attached to the transverse and longitudinal members 6,12a, 12b ,

The outer wall elements 20a, 20b, which are not shown for illustrative reasons in FIG. 1a, are connected to the transverse and longitudinal supports 6, 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b, preferably by way of a screw connection. However, they may also merely rest on these or be attached to them.

The re-entrant corner or recess resulting from the assembly of two adjoining outer wall elements 20, 22 in the corner region of the space cell is closed or filled by a corner element 26, the corner element 26 adhesively bonded, screwed or fastened via a clamping connection to the end faces of the outer wall elements 20, 22 becomes.

In this context, a two-storey building construction 54 is shown in FIG. 1b, which comprises two space cells 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 arranged side by side and parallel to one another and two space cells 1.5 arranged one above the other at a right angle to the broad sides , 1.6 exists. The space cells 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 are enclosed at their outer sides, extending in the horizontal and vertical direction, by outer wall elements 20, 20a, 20b, 22 and in the corner area by corner elements 26, wherein the outer wall elements 20, 20a, 20b, 22 and the corner elements 26 either form a flat surface shown in Fig. Ib or stage can merge into each other, as shown for example in Figure 2. The arranged on the space cells 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 outer wall and corner elements 20, 20a, 20b, 22, 26 here form in the top and side view the shape of a closed rectangle. 2 shows the corner region of a room cell 1 with outer wall elements 20, 22 which are arranged on the outer sides of the room cell 1 and which adjoin the outwardly pointing leg surfaces of the associated support 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b and the transverse and longitudinal members 6, 10a, 10b , 12a, 12b abut. Here, between the outer wall elements 20,22 and the outer wall elements 20,22 facing leg surfaces of the supports 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b, a sealing strip 28a arranged to exchange the air masses of different temperatures and the entry of moisture into the interior of the outer wall elements 20,22 enclosed space to prevent and reduce the transmission of sound.

2, a corner element 26 is inserted, which has a thermal insulation 26b, which abuts against the end faces of the outer wall elements 20,22 and is protected from damage and moisture to the outside by a panel 26a. In the interior of the corner element 26, a conduit such as, for example, a rain pipe 26c may be arranged, which is enclosed by the thermal insulation 26b. The outer panel 26a is fastened in the recess via a screw connection 26d, wherein the position of the attachment points in the recess is not predetermined. In this case, the cladding 26a preferably consists of a resilient metal sheet or plastic which is capable of adapting to the relative displacement of the outer wall elements 20, 22 relative to one another, for example by thermal expansion.

Between the end faces of the outer wall elements 20, 22 and the corner element 26, a vapor barrier 34 is arranged, which is connected to the vapor barriers of the outer wall elements 20, 22, which projects beyond the end faces of the outer wall elements 20, 22. The vapor barrier 34 in this case extends from the end face of the outer wall element 20 to the end face of the outer wall element 22 and in this way seals the corner region of the room cell wind and steam tightly. The vapor barrier 34 is preferably a conventional adhesive tape which is adhesively bonded to the end faces of the outer wall elements 20, 22 and with their vapor barriers. The arrangement of the corner element 26 in the re-entrant corner of the room cell 1 and the further sealing by the sealing strip 28a and the vapor barrier 34 of the outer wall elements 20,22 limited interior 32 is completed to the outside in an advantageous manner and protected from the weather.

Two adjacently arranged space cells 1.7, 1.8 with outer wall elements 20 arranged on the outside are shown in FIG. As already shown in FIG. 2, a sealing band 28a for unimpeded thermal expansion of the outer wall elements 20 is also provided here on the leg surfaces of the supports 14b, 16b facing the outer wall elements 20. The outer wall elements 20 arranged on the outer sides of the room cells 1 adjoin one another with their end faces, wherein the gap located between the end faces of the outer wall elements 20 is filled by another sealing strip 28b or hose, which in particular consists of a permanently elastic polyurethane foam plastic impregnated with bitumen EPDM is made and in place of the vapor barriers of the outer wall elements 20, not shown in Figure 3 are interconnected. The outer wall elements 20, as shown in Figure 3, bolted to the upper side rails 12a, 12b, wherein the upper side members 12a, 12b not shown recesses and the outer wall elements 20 also not shown, in the outer wall elements 20 integrated threaded portions having with which the outer wall elements 20 can be attached to the longitudinal beams 12a, 12b via a screw connection. For coupling the adjoining outer sides of two space cells 1.7, 1.8, the adjoining transverse beams 6 can be releasably connected to one another via a screw connection 36.

In the same way as in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 also shows two adjacently arranged space cells 1.7, 1.8 with outer wall elements 20 fastened to the outer side of the space cells 1.7, 1.8, wherein, however, the space cells 1.7, 1.8 shown in FIG. 4 are arranged at a distance from one another. The distance B between the space cells 1.7, 1.8 is in this case in a size range which corresponds approximately to the thickness of the outer wall elements 20. Between the opposite, mutually facing end faces of the outer wall elements 20 of spaced-apart space cells 1.7, 1.8, a coupling element 56 is arranged, which is connected to the end faces of the outer wall elements 20. In the same way as the outer wall elements 20, 22, the coupling element 56 has a support frame provided with a thermal barrier coating and a vapor barrier 34. The vapor barrier extends beyond the ends of the outer wall elements 20 facing sides and is connected to the vapor barriers 34 of the outer wall elements 20 preferably via an adhesive bond wind and vapor impermeable. As weather protection, the coupling element 56 is clad from the outside with a angehef- teten or bolted protective cover 60 made of metal or plastic, whereas, for example, a lightweight plasterboard plasterboard as inner lining 58 between the vertical beams 14a, 14b may be arranged to the side of the interior 32. For attachment of the coupling element 56 this is either screwed to the outer wall elements 20 or releasably mounted on these via a plug connection.

A further arrangement of room cells 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, as can be used, for example, in building constructions with an L-shaped floor plan, is shown in FIG. In this case, the arrangement shown in FIG. 4 was extended from the space cells 1.7, 1.8 adjoining each other by their broad sides by a further space cell 1.9, which adjoins the longitudinal side of the space cell 1.8 at a distance. For this purpose, the coupling element 56 shown in FIG. 4 and the outer wall element 20 arranged on the longitudinal side of the room cell 1.8 have been replaced by the coupling element 56 shown in FIG. 5 and the outer wall element 22 arranged on the broad side of the room cell 1.9.

The outer walls 20, 22 releasably secured to the outer sides of the space cell 1.7, 1.9 are almost at a right angle to each other and define a re-entrant corner, in which a coupling element 56 is arranged between the end faces of the outer wall elements 20,22. Advantageously, the distance B between the space cells 1.7, 1.8, 1.9 essentially corresponds to the thickness of the outer wall elements 20, 22, so that the coupling element 56 is almost completely enclosed towards the outside by the end faces of the outer wall elements 20, 22 arranged over the corner , As weather protection is, as well already shown, a protective cover 60, a not shown in Figure 5 facade component or a facade element on the outwardly directed side of the coupling element 56 is attached. In the direction of the inner space 32, inner linings 58, which preferably consist of plasterboard panels, are arranged between the vertical beams 14a, 14b, 16a of the space cells 1.7, 1.8, 1.9.

As already shown in FIG. 4, a vapor barrier 34 extends beyond the sides of the coupling element 56 facing the end faces of the outer wall elements 20, 22, which are permeable to wind and steam with the vapor barriers 34 of the outer wall elements 20, 22 by an adhesive connection.

6 shows a vertical section through two superimposed space cells 1.1, 1.3, wherein in the upper space cell 1.3, a bottom element 18 is arranged. In the case of the outer wall elements 20 arranged on the outer sides of the room cell 1.3, the upper outer wall element 20 is supported on the leg surface of a support strip 24 arranged in the lower area of the upper room cell 1.3 and is additionally screwed against the lower longitudinal beam 10a, 10b via a screw connection 36 , The support strip 24 has an L-shaped cross-section, the vertical leg is bolted to the lower side member 10a, 10b of the upper space cell 1.3. Between the opposite end faces of the upper and lower outer wall elements 20, a sealing strip 28b is arranged, which prevents the penetration of moisture into the interior of the space 32 enclosed by the outer wall elements 20 and the vapor barriers of the outer wall elements 20, not shown in Figure 6 connects. Further sealing strips 28a with smaller cross-sectional dimensions are arranged between the outer wall elements 20 and the longitudinal members 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b. For the unhindered thermal expansion of the outer wall elements 20, the sealing tapes 28a, 28b additionally assume the task of forming an expansion joint in addition to the seal.

As further shown in FIG. 6, a bottom element 18 is enclosed in the frame of the upper room cell 1.3 formed by the first lower side members 10a, 10b and cross member 6. The bottom element 18 in this case has a trapezoidal sheet 40 as the load-bearing component which an insulation layer 30 is attached to the heat and sound insulation. Above the insulating layer 30 heating elements of a floor heating 38 may additionally be provided, to which a floor 42 is applied in a known manner as the uppermost layer. Here, both the electrical connections 44 and the heat and water technical installations are laid in the bottom element 18 in an advantageous manner, so that the connection points for the respective consumers, such as the inlet and outlet for a washing machine, can be provided in the bottom element 18 , Furthermore, this results in the advantage that in this way the outer wall elements 20,22 can be assembled or disassembled without regard to any supply lines, since all supply lines are received in the ground.

Instead of a one-piece floor element 18, this can also be designed in several parts according to an embodiment, not shown, whereby the transport of the floor element considerably easier.

The ceiling of the lower room cell 1.1 can be a suspended ceiling, not shown in FIG. 6, which is arranged inside the frame formed by the upper cross members 6 and the upper side rails 12a, 12b of the lower room cell 1.1. In this case, it is possible in an advantageous manner to use the electrical connections 44 located in the floor element 18 arranged above it for the ceiling lighting, as a result of which no complicated laying of additional electrical lines within the suspended ceiling is required any more. For this purpose, the floor element 18 can be provided with electrical connections 44 both at the top and at the bottom.

In front of the outer wall elements 20, 22 there is furthermore provided a ventilated, spaced-apart facade 52, which is connected pointwise to the outer wall element 20, 22 and can extend over the height of the room cell or also of the entire building construction 54. The ventilated facade 52 serves to prevent condensation in the area of the outer wall elements. Furthermore, Fig.6 shows the connection of the cross member 6 to the longitudinal beams 12a, 12b of the longitudinal frame 2,4. Both the longitudinal members 12a, 12b and the cross member 6 in this case have end plates 8, which are screwed together. The end plates 8 are dimensioned such that in the case of multi-storey construction, the maximum occurring bending moments and transverse forces can be transmitted in compliance with the standard safety requirements.

A vertical section through the lower region of a room cell 1.1 is shown in FIG. As already shown in the upper room cell 1.3 in Figure 6, here also provided with electrical see and thermal installations floor element 18 is disposed in the lower region of the room cell 1.1 and a vertical outer wall element 20,22 on the outside of the room cell 1.1 on a Angle 24 attached.

The room cell 1.1, as well as in a multi-storey building construction all arranged above more room cells 1.3 are based on one below the bottom room cell 1.1 in the corner area arranged multi-part foundation 46, which consists for easier transport in particular of several stacked foundation segments 46a, 46b, 46c. To compensate for a different height of adjacent individual foundations, a leveling element 48 is arranged between the individual foundation 46 and the room cell 1.1. The leveling element 48, shown only schematically in FIG. 7, can comprise a threaded spindle via which the level compensation, preferably of each room cell 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, can be subsequently made by hand. For this purpose, the leveling element 48 is screwed to the space cell 1.1 and the individual foundation 46, but may also be cast in the individual foundation 46.

For thermal insulation of the building construction formed from the space cells 1 with respect to the ground 50 are provided below the room cells, for example, the lower room cells 1.1, 1.2, 1.5 shown in Fig. Ib, provided with a heat insulation bottom side outer wall elements, the bottom end elements 20a preferably the same width and the same length as the associated space cells 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, and flush with the outer edges of the frame formed by transverse and longitudinal beams 6, 10a, 10b. complete it. The bottom closure element 20a can in this case be attached to the lower room cell 1.1 or connected to it via a screw connection, not shown. The flush completion of the bottom closure element 20a and the outer wall element 20, 22 with the outer edge of the room cell results in the corner of a re-entrant corner, which, as shown in Figure 2, in turn, may be filled by a bottom corner element 26. The bottom corner member 26 has a thermal insulation 26b which is enclosed by the end faces of the vertical outer wall member 20, 22, the bottom end member 20a and an outer panel 26a.

As in the corner region of the room cell 1 shown in FIG. 2, the covering 26a is releasably secured in the recess via a screw connection 26d. In order to seal the bottom corner region of the room cell 1.1, a vapor barrier 34 extends from the end face of the outer wall element 20, 22 to the end face of the bottom closure element 20a and connects the vapor barriers of the outer wall element 20, 22 and the bottom closure element 20a (not shown in FIG.

In the same way as for the thermal insulation with respect to the building ground 50, roof-side outer wall elements, hereinafter referred to as roof elements 20b, are provided for thermal insulation of the roof surface of the building construction 54 on the upper sides of the upper space cells 1.3, 1.4, 1.6 shown in FIG designated, and corner elements 26 are arranged. 8 shows a section of the corner region of a room cell 1.3 with the transition from a vertical outer wall element 20,22 to a horizontal roof element 20b, which is supported on the second upper side member 12a, 12b and the cross member 6. As already shown in the previous figures, sealing strips 28a are arranged to seal the expansion joints between the outer wall element 20,22 or roof element 20b and the support 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b, the second upper side member 12a, 12b and the cross member , The roof element 20b in this case rests on the frame formed by the second upper longitudinal and transverse beams 12a, 12b, 6 and is preferably connected thereto via connecting means, not shown in FIG. 8, such as screwed or plugged connections. The roof element 20b comprises a known from the field of flat roofs construction of thermal insulation and roof cover.

As already shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7, the recess, which results in the shape of an insinuating corner through the flush termination of the roof element 20b and the outer wall element 20, 22 with the outer edge of the room cell 1.3 in the corner area, is also included a corner element 26 filled. The corner element in this case consists of an outer casing 26a, which extends from the end face of the outer wall element 20,22 to the end face of the roof element 20b and terminates a arranged in the re-entrant corner thermal insulation 26b to the outside. For drainage of rainwater, the outer panel 26a has a portion in the form of a gutter 26e, which dissipates the rainwater accumulating on the roof surface. For sealing the roof-side corner region of the room cell 1.3, a vapor barrier 34 is further provided which connects the vapor barrier of the outer wall element 20, 22, not shown in Figure 8 with that of the roof element 20b and the corner region of the room cell 1.3 seals wind and vapor impermeable.

List of reference numbers

, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9 Room cell

2 first longitudinal frame

4 second longitudinal frame

• 6 cross members

8 face plate

10a, 10b first lower side member

12a, 12b second upper side member

14a, 14b, 16a, 16b support

18 floor element

20 outer wall element

20a bottom closure element

20b roof element

22 outer wall element

24 support bar

26 corner element

26a fairing

26b thermal insulation

26c rain pipe

26d screw connection

26e rain gutter

28a, 28b sealing tape

30 insulating layer

32 interior

34 vapor barrier

36 screw connection

38 underfloor heating

40 trapezoidal sheet

42 floor 44 electrical connection

46 foundation

46a, 46b, 46c foundation segments

48 leveling element

50 subsoil

52 ventilated facade

54 Building construction

56 coupling element

58 interior trim

60 protective cover

B distance

Claims

claims

1. Self-supporting space cell (1) with a first and second rectangular, in

Substantially closed longitudinal frames (2, 4), which are detachably connected to one another via transverse supports (6), on which outer wall elements (20, 20a, 20b, 22) are detachably fastened, characterized in that the outer wall elements (20, 20a, 20b, 22 ) substantially have a height corresponding to the height and the width or length of the space cell (1) and terminate flush at their outer edges with the outer edges of the longitudinal frames (2, 4) and the cross member (6), such that the end faces adjoin one another Outside wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22) in the corner region of the space cell (1) define a recess in the form of a re-entrant corner, and that in the recesses corner elements (26) are detachably attached, which by the outer wall elements (20,20a, 20b , 22) seal off the limited interior of the room cell (1) to the outside.

2. Room cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the room cell (1) twice as large as the width of the room cell

(1).

3. room cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the space cell (1) has a height and a width of less than 350cm and a length of less than 650cm, in particular a height of 298cm, a width of 265cm and a length of 530cm , having.

4. room cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized the crossbeams (6) are rigidly connected to the longitudinal frames (2, 4) via an end plate connection (8).

5. Space cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal frame (2,4) has a first lower and a second upper

Longitudinal members (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b) which are connected to one another in a rigid manner via a first and second support (14a, 14b, 16a, 16b) arranged in the end region of the longitudinal members (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b).

6. room cell according to claim 5, characterized in that on the lower side rail (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b) at least one support strip (24) for supporting an outer wall element (20,22) is arranged.

7. room cell according to claim 6, characterized in that the support strip (24) has the shape of an angle.

8. space cell according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the outer wall element (20,22) via connecting means, in particular a screw connection (36), with the upper side rail (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b) is connected.

9. room cell according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the lower longitudinal carrier (1Oa ₅ IOb) has an open, preferably U-shaped cross-sectional shape.

10. Space cell according to claim 9, characterized in that in the open cross section of the lower longitudinal member (10a, 10b), a preferably prefabricated bottom element (18) can be inserted.

11. Space cell according to claim 10, characterized in that the bottom element (18) is self-supporting and substantially rigid.

12. Room cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22) comprise vapor barriers which extend beyond the end faces of the outer wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22), wherein the vapor barriers in Area of the recess of two adjacent outer wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22) are interconnected and the outer space of the wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22) enclosed interior of the space cell (1) largely wind and vapor-tight seal.

13. Room cell according to claim 12, characterized in that in the region of the recess a self-adhesive film (34) is provided, which extends beyond the end faces of the adjoining outer wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22) extending vapor barriers of the outer wall elements

(20, 20a, 20b, 22).

14. Room cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the corner elements (26) comprise at least one thermal barrier coating (26b) and a cladding (26a), in particular of sheet metal, plastic or wood, wherein the cladding (26a) on the outer wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22), and the at least one thermal barrier layer (26b) of the clothing (26a) and the end faces of the outer wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22) is limited.

15. Room cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the corner elements (26) supply lines (26c) are arranged.

16. Room cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the corner elements (26) are einklebbar in the recess.

17. Room cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the room cell (1) in the corner area in the ground (50) mounted foundations (46) is supported.

18. Room cell according to claim 17, characterized in that between the room cell (1) and a foundation (46) at least one leveling element (48) to compensate for the altitude of the foundation (46) is arranged.

19. Building construction with at least a first and a second releasably interconnected room cell (1.1 - 1.9) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space cells (1.1-1.9) next to each other or one above the other and next to each other and arranged one above the other and to expand or reduce the Building structure are releasably connected to each other, the free outer sides of the building structure of exterior wall elements

(20,20a, 20b, 22) are substantially completely enclosed.

20. Building construction according to claim 19, characterized in that the space cells (1.1 - 1.9) are arranged spaced from each other, wherein between the end faces of adjacent outer wall elements (20,22) spaced apart the space cells (1.1-1.9) coupling elements (56) releasably are fastened.

21. Building construction according to claim 20, characterized in that the coupling elements (56) comprise vapor barriers (34) which extend beyond the end faces of the outer wall elements (20,22) facing sides, wherein the vapor barriers (34) of the coupling elements (56 ) are connected to those of the outer wall elements (20,22) and the outer wall elements (20,22) and coupling elements (56) enclosed interior (32) largely wind and vapor-tight seal.

22. Building construction according to one of claims 20 to 21, characterized in that the distance (B) between the spaced-apart space cells (1.1 - 1.9) in a range of 20cm to 50cm, preferably 30cm, is located.

23. Building construction according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that between the spaced adjacent space cells (1.1 - 1.9), a bottom element and / or a ceiling element is releasably fastened.

24. Building construction according to one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that between the space cells (1.1 - 1.9), a damping element, in particular a damping element made of neoprene, is arranged.

25. A building structure according to any one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that between adjacent outer wall elements (20, 20a, 20b, 22) arranged one above the other or adjacently there is a sealing strip (28b), in particular a sealing strip (28b) of a bitumen-impregnated one , permanently elastic polyurethane foam plastic or EPDM, for sealing between the outer wall elements (20,20a, 20b, 22) arranged joints is provided.

26. Building construction according to one of claims 19 to 25, characterized in that in front of the outer wall elements (20,22) a spaced rear ventilated facade (52) is arranged.

27. Building construction according to one of claims 19 to 26, characterized in that adjacent space cells (1.1 - 1.9) by non-projecting inner wall elements, in particular lightweight walls, are separable.