EP1859168B1 - Procede et dispositif pour determiner le debit effectif ou pour regler le regime d'une pompe peristaltique - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour determiner le debit effectif ou pour regler le regime d'une pompe peristaltique Download PDF

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EP1859168B1
EP1859168B1 EP06707366.8A EP06707366A EP1859168B1 EP 1859168 B1 EP1859168 B1 EP 1859168B1 EP 06707366 A EP06707366 A EP 06707366A EP 1859168 B1 EP1859168 B1 EP 1859168B1
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Prior art keywords
pump
correction factor
speed
pressure
art
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German (de)
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EP1859168A1 (fr
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Alfred Gagel
Daniel Hendreich
Roland Ollinger
Ralf Wamsiedler
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Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH
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Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/12—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action
    • F04B43/1253—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action by using two or more rollers as squeezing elements, the rollers moving on an arc of a circle during squeezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/0009—Special features
    • F04B43/0081—Special features systems, control, safety measures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for adjusting the speed of a peristaltic pump, is conveyed with the liquid in an elastic tubing.
  • peristaltic or occluding pumps are used in medical technology.
  • Various types of peristaltic pumps are known. One of these types is the roller pump. All peristaltic pumps have in common that an elastic tubing is inserted into the pump, in which the liquid to be pumped flows.
  • peristaltic pumps in medical technology are the known extracorporeal blood treatment devices, which include, for example, hemodialysis devices, hemofiltration devices, and hemodiafiltration devices.
  • One of the key factors that determines the delivery rate of a peristaltic pump is the characteristics of the tubing. In practice it turns out that a deformation of the elastic tube leads to a change in the delivery rate of the pump.
  • the DE 197 47 254 C2 describes a method for noninvasive internal pressure measurement in elastic tubing.
  • the document indicates that the properties of the tubing change over time.
  • the US 4,715,786 describes a method for calibrating a peristaltic pump, but without taking into account a dependence of the delivery rate on time.
  • the WO 99/23386 describes a method for controlling the speed of peristaltic pumps in response to the pressure in the tubing upstream of the pump.
  • the control is based on the physical characteristics of the tubing and the pump, but without again considering the time dependency.
  • a method and apparatus for determining the effective delivery rate of a peristaltic blood pump of an extracorporeal blood treatment device is known.
  • the calculation of the effective delivery rate is based on the nominal speed of the pump and the pressure in the tubing upstream of the pump as a function of the running time of the pump. After determining the effective delivery rate, an adjustment of the nominal speed of the pump to the desired delivery rate can be made.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for adjusting the speed of a peristaltic pump with high accuracy in order to adjust the effective delivery rate to the desired delivery rate can.
  • the inventive method and the inventive device for adjusting the speed of a peristaltic pump is promoted with the liquid in an elastic hose, characterized by the fact that the
  • Adjustment of the effective delivery rate of the pump to the desired delivery rate based not only on the nominal speed of the pump and the pressure in the tubing upstream of the pump, but also depending on the running time of the pump.
  • the effective delivery rate can be compared with the desired delivery rate. Since the effective delivery rate is likely to be lower than the desired delivery rate, the speed of the pump is increased until the effective delivery rate equals the desired delivery rate.
  • a comparison between setpoint and actual value is possible with the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention for determining the effective delivery rate, without the effective delivery rate being measured.
  • the equalization of the effective delivery rate of the pump to the desired delivery rate takes place initially in an initial compensation step. It is assumed that after carrying out this compensation step, the effective delivery rate largely corresponds to the desired delivery rate. After carrying out the initial compensation step, the remaining deviation of the delivery rate of the pump is then preferably compensated.
  • the control of the pump is preferably carried out in continuous iterative compensation steps.
  • a new speed is calculated by multiplying the nominal speed of the pump set before the compensation step by a correction factor, which operates the pump to match the effective delivery rate to the desired delivery rate.
  • the pump is preferably operated at a predetermined speed, wherein the pressure in the tubing upstream of the pump is measured, which is at the predetermined speed established.
  • the predetermined speed with which the pump is operated to determine the pressure in the hose line can be easily calculated according to an equation.
  • the correction factor is preferably calculated according to an equation in addition to the pressure in the tubing upstream of the pump, one or more parameters are received, the relative decrease of Feed rate of the pump running time and one or more parameters, which describe the relative decrease of the delivery rate with the negative pressure in the tubing upstream of the pump.
  • the equation describing the relationship between the pressure in the tubing upstream of the pump and the correction factor can basically be solved in real time.
  • the individual pairs of values of pressure and correction factor are stored in a memory, so that the access to the data in real time is possible, but without having to solve the equation.
  • the hardware and software costs for the determination of the correction factor can be reduced.
  • the initial compensation step takes place after starting the pump or setting a new set delivery rate.
  • deviations of the effective delivery rate of the pump from the desired delivery rate are continuously compensated.
  • the essential correction in the initial compensation step is achieved. In the following rule, only minor deviations are generally eliminated.
  • a maximum speed or delivery rate for example relative to an initial starting value, can be taken into account as the upper limit value.
  • an upper limit may be provided for the amount of pressure upstream of the pump. If the individual sizes reach the upper limits, this can be used as an indication that the effective delivery rate can no longer be adjusted to the desired delivery rate. In this case, it is possible to give an optical and / or audible alarm, which indicates the user to the delivery rate deviation.
  • the regulation basically only needs to be carried out if the amount of the delivery rate deviation is above a predetermined lower limit. For example, with a delivery rate variance of less than one percent, further adjustment of the effective to the desired delivery rate is generally not required.
  • Advantageous embodiments provide that the predetermined stroke volume of the pump and the individual parameters for determining the correction factor for different tube systems are provided so that the corresponding stroke volume and the associated parameters can be predetermined by selection of the tube system.
  • the invention relates to a blood treatment device with a device for adjusting the speed of the peristaltic pump in order to promote the liquid in an elastic tubing with a desired delivery rate exactly.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a highly simplified schematic representation of the essential components of an extracorporeal blood treatment device, such as a hemodialysis device, which has an extracorporeal blood circuit 1 and a dialysis fluid circuit 2.
  • dialysis fluid flows through a dialysis fluid supply line 4 into a dialysis fluid chamber 5 of a dialyzer 8 divided by a semipermeable membrane 6 into the dialyzing fluid chamber 5 and a blood chamber 7, while dialyzing fluid from the dialyzer fluid chamber 5 of the dialyzer 8 flows through an outlet 10 to a dialysis fluid discharge line 9 ,
  • a dialysis fluid pump 11 is arranged in the dialysis fluid discharge line 9.
  • the patient's blood flows via a blood supply line 12 into the blood chamber 7 and out of the blood chamber 7 of the dialyzer 8 via a blood discharge line 13 back to the patient.
  • a blood pump 14 is arranged in the blood supply line 12.
  • Both the dialysis fluid pump 11 and the blood pump 14 are peristaltic pumps, in particular roller pumps.
  • the blood supply and discharge lines 12, 13 and the dialysis fluid supply and discharge lines 4, 9 may be elastic plastic tubing, which are provided on the blood side as disposable for single use and inserted into the pumps. But it is also possible that the lines are part of a cassette-like module from which the hose-side pumping segment protrudes in a loop shape.
  • the blood treatment device has a control unit 15, which is connected via control lines 16, 17 to the blood pump 14 or the dialysis fluid pump 11.
  • the dialysis device furthermore has a computer unit 18, which communicates with the control unit 15 via a data line 19.
  • the hemodialysis apparatus also has other components which are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the properties of the blood pump 14 with the associated tubing 12, which is inserted in the blood pump, are described as follows.
  • variable t may be not only the running time but a parameter uniquely related thereto, for example, the accumulated speed of the pump.
  • the number of revolutions of the pump to be determined for example, with a Hall sensor can be brought to the fore.
  • the predetermined stroke volume V S, 0 (r) [ml] after a predetermined lead time t 0 of the blood pump of, for example, 5 min at a negative pressure at the inlet of the pump of 0 is determined by the mechanical dimensions of the pump and the hose.
  • the parameter a 1 describes the relative decrease of the delivery rate of the pump with the transit time t, while the parameters b1 and b2 describe the relative decrease of the delivery rate with the negative pressure.
  • the predetermined stroke volume and the individual parameters are characteristic variables for the blood pump used together with the hose line, which are determined in experiments and provided to the user.
  • FIG. 2 shows the dependence of the effective delivery rate Q b, is the pressure upstream of the blood pump for different delivery rates Q b, t . It can be clearly seen that the delivery rate decreases with increasing arterial negative pressure. The absolute decrease is the greater, the higher the delivery rate (blood flow).
  • the device for determining the effective delivery rate of the blood pump 14 has means for measuring the pressure in the tubing 12 upstream of the blood pump 14 in the form of a pressure sensor 20, which is present in the known blood treatment devices anyway.
  • the pressure sensor 20 is connected to the control unit 15 via a data line 21.
  • means for determining the nominal speed of the blood pump 14 are provided, which are part of the control unit 15 of the dialysis apparatus insofar as the control unit 15 sets a certain speed for the blood pump 14. The same can apply to the dialysis fluid pump 11.
  • the blood pump delivers the blood at an effective delivery rate Q b, (blood flow).
  • the arithmetic unit 18 has the measured value of the arterial negative pressure from the pressure sensor 20 and the rotational speed n of the blood pump 14 from the control unit 15. Furthermore, the arithmetic unit has the parameters a1, b1 and b2 as well as the stroke volume V s, 0 (r) . These empirically determined variables are stored in a memory 22, which is connected to the arithmetic unit 18 via a data line 23.
  • the arithmetic unit 18 calculates the effective delivery rate Q b , is (blood flow), which adjusts itself at the predetermined speed n of the blood pump 14. Since it is to be expected that the effective delivery rate is smaller than that desired delivery rate, increases the control unit 15 as long as the speed n of the blood pump 14 to the effective delivery rate of the desired delivery rate Q b, should correspond.
  • the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention for matching the effective delivery rate of the blood pump to the desired delivery rate by adjusting the rotational speed of the pump will be described in detail below.
  • the control of the speed of the blood pump begins with an initial compensation step, which can be carried out immediately after the start of the pump. This is followed by another compensation, which can be continuous or iterative. If the nominal delivery rate is changed, the initial compensation step initially takes place again, but the parameter t is not reset. In this way, the time influence on the delivery rate can be taken into account even if the delivery rate changes.
  • FIG. 3 shows the delivery rate (blood flow) Q b
  • the blood pump 14 is dependent on the arterial vacuum P art .
  • equation (5) results in the measured negative pressure P art, old is the expected effective delivery rate Q b, is old .
  • the control unit 15 now increases the speed n in the initial compensation step in order to compensate for the delivery deviation.
  • V S . New V S . 0 r * 1 - a 1 * t * 1 - b 1 * P kind .
  • equation (12) the left side of equation (12) gives the value 1 independent of the desired value Q b, soll .
  • the arithmetic unit 18 calculates the correction factor x from the arterial negative pressure P art determined according to the equation (13) at the predetermined rotational speed n alt . After determining the correction factor x, the arithmetic unit 18 calculated by multiplying the predetermined by the control unit 15 speed n old by the correction factor x according to equation (11) the rotational speed n new, the approximation of the effective feed rate O b, is (effective blood flow) to the desired delivery rate O b, should (blood flow) is set by the control unit 15.
  • FIG. 3 shows that under the specification of the new speed n new, a new arterial vacuum P art, neu , in which the effective delivery rate of the blood pump Q b, is new (blood flow) equal to the desired delivery rate Q b, soll (blood flow).
  • a reduced correction factor x r for a reduced arterial negative pressure P art, r is determined.
  • the arithmetic unit 18 first calculates the ratio q between the reduced correction factor x r and the correction factor x according to equation (14).
  • n old after the initial compensation step of the control unit 15 currently specified speed is the speed n old after the initial compensation step of the control unit 15 currently specified speed.
  • the arithmetic unit of the table stored in the memory 22 takes the value of the reduced correction factor x r associated with the reduced arterial negative pressure P art, r .
  • the control unit 15 sets the new speed n new , so that the actual value of the delivery rate is readjusted to the desired value. Is calculated will be followed by the next iterative compensation step, again initially the factor q in now given by the control unit 15 speed n old, n the particular in the previous compensation step new speed newly corresponds.

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Claims (17)

  1. Procédé servant à régler le régime d'une pompe péristaltique, auquel du liquide est refoulé dans un conduit flexible élastique, comprenant des étapes de procédé qui suivent :
    la définition de la pression dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe et du régime nominal de la pompe et
    l'ajustement du régime nominal de la pompe sur la base de la pression dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe en fonction du temps de fonctionnement de la pompe de telle manière que la vitesse de refoulement effective correspond à la vitesse de roulement souhaitée de la pompe,
    caractérisé en ce que
    afin de définir un facteur de correction x, la pompe fonctionne à un régime nalt spécifié, dans lequel la pression dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe est mesurée, laquelle est obtenue lorsque le régime est spécifié,
    un régime nneu est calculé en multipliant le régime nalt de la pompe et un facteur de correction x,
    la pompe fonctionne au régime nneu calculé si bien que la vitesse de refoulement Qb,ist effective de la pompe est adaptée à la vitesse de refoulement Qb,soll souhaitée lors d'une étape de compensation initiale, et
    la vitesse de refoulement de la pompe est régulée après l'étape de compensation initiale.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le régime nalt spécifié, auquel la pompe fonctionne afin de déterminer la pression Part dans le conduit flexible est calculé selon l'équation qui suit : n alt = Q b , soll V S , 0 r * 1 − a 1 * t
    Figure imgb0033
     où
    Vs,0(r) est un volume systolique [ml] après un temps de fonctionnement défini à une pression nulle au niveau de l'entrée de la pompe à sang,
    a1 est un paramètre [%/h], qui décrit la baisse relative de la vitesse de refoulement avec le temps de fonctionnement t.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le facteur de correction x est défini à partir de la pression Part, se réglant lorsque le régime nalt est spécifié, dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe selon l'équation qui suit : b 2 * P art 2 * x 3 + b 1 * P art * x 2 − x + 1 = 0
    Figure imgb0034
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'afin de réguler la vitesse de refoulement de la pompe lors d'une autre étape de compensation, un régime nneu est calculé en multipliant le régime nalt nominal, réglé après la première étape de compensation, de la pompe par un facteur de correction x, régime auquel la pompe fonctionne afin d'adapter la vitesse de refoulement effective de la pompe à la vitesse de refoulement souhaitée.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'afin de définir le facteur de correction x, le rapport q est défini par le facteur de correction x déterminé lors de l'étape de compensation supplémentaire et par un facteur de correction réduit xr selon l'équation qui suit : q = Q b , soll n alt * V S , 0 r * 1 − a 1 * t = x / x r
    Figure imgb0035
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une pression réduite Part,r dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe est calculée en multipliant la pression mesurée dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe par le rapport q entre le facteur de correction x et le facteur de correction réduit xr, dans lequel le facteur de correction réduit xr est calculé à partir de la pression réduite Part,r selon l'équation qui suit : b 2 * P art , r 2 * x r 3 + b 1 * P art , r * x r 2 − x r + 1 = 0
    Figure imgb0036
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le facteur de correction x est calculé en multipliant le facteur de correction réduit xr par le rapport q entre le facteur de correction x et le facteur de correction réduit xr.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de refoulement de la pompe est régulée en continu lors d'étapes de compensation itératives se suivant les unes les autres.
  9. Dispositif servant à régler le régime d'une pompe péristaltique, auquel un liquide est refoulé dans un conduit flexible élastique, comprenant
    des moyens (20) servant à déterminer la pression dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe et le régime nominal de la pompe et
    des moyens servant à ajuster le régime nominal de la pompe sur la base de la pression dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe en fonction du temps de fonctionnement de la pompe de telle manière que la vitesse de refoulement effective correspond à la vitesse de refoulement souhaitée de la pompe,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une unité de calcul (18) est prévue, laquelle est réalisée de telle manière que
    afin de définir un facteur de correction x, la pompe fonctionne à un régime nalt spécifié, dans lequel la pression dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe est mesurée, laquelle est obtenue lorsque le régime est spécifié,
    en multipliant le régime nalt de la pompe par un facteur de correction x, un régime nneu est calculé,
    la pompe fonctionne au régime nneu calculé de sorte que le régime Qb,ist effectif de la pompe est adapté au régime Qb,soll souhaité lors d'une étape de compensation initiale, et
    le régime de la pompe est régulé après l'étape de compensation initiale.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de calcul (18) est réalisée de telle manière que le régime nalt spécifié, auquel la pompe fonctionne afin de définir la pression artérielle Part dans le conduit flexible, est calculé selon l'équation qui suit : n alt = Q b , soll V S , 0 r * 1 − a 1 * t
    Figure imgb0037
     où
    Vs,0(r) est un volume systolique [ml] après un temps de fonctionnement défini à une pression nulle au niveau de l'entrée de la pompe à sang,
    a1 est un paramètre [%/h], qui décrit la baisse relative de la vitesse de refoulement avec le temps de fonctionnement t.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de calcul (18) est réalisée de telle manière que le facteur de correction x est défini à partir de la pression Part, se réglant lorsque le régime nalt est spécifié, dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe selon l'équation qui suit : b 2 * P art 2 * x 3 + b 1 * P art * x 2 − x + 1 = 0
    Figure imgb0038
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de calcul (18) est réalisée de telle manière qu'afin de réguler le régime de la pompe, un régime nneu est calculé lors d'une autre étape de compensation en multipliant le régime nalt nominal, réglé après la première étape de compensation, de la pompe par un facteur de correction x, régime auquel la pompe fonctionne afin d'adapter la vitesse de refoulement effective de la pompe à la vitesse de refoulement souhaitée.
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de calcul (18) est réalisée de telle manière qu'afin de définir le facteur de correction x, le rapport q entre le facteur de correction x déterminé lors de l'étape de compensation et un facteur de correction réduit xr, est défini selon l'équation qui suit : q = Q b , soll n alt * V S , 0 r * 1 − a 1 * t = x / x r
    Figure imgb0039
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de calcul (18) est réalisée de telle manière qu'une pression réduite Part,r dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe est calculée en multipliant la pression mesurée dans le conduit flexible en amont de la pompe par le rapport q entre le facteur de correction x et le facteur de correction réduit xr, dans lequel le facteur de correction réduit xr est calculé à partir de la pression réduite Part,r selon l'équation qui suit : b 2 * P art , r 2 * x r 3 + b 1 * P art , r * x r 2 − x r + 1 = 0
    Figure imgb0040
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de calcul (18) est réalisée de telle manière que le facteur de correction réduit xr est calculé en multipliant le facteur de correction réduit xr par le rapport q entre le facteur de correction x et le facteur de correction réduit xr.
  16. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la pompe péristaltique est une pompe à galets ou une pompe à doigts.
  17. Dispositif de traitement du sang comprenant un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 16.
EP06707366.8A 2005-03-15 2006-03-02 Procede et dispositif pour determiner le debit effectif ou pour regler le regime d'une pompe peristaltique Active EP1859168B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005011625 2005-03-15
DE102005023430A DE102005023430A1 (de) 2005-03-15 2005-05-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der effektiven Förderrate oder Einstellung der Drehzahl einer peristaltischen Pumpe
PCT/EP2006/001890 WO2006097199A1 (fr) 2005-03-15 2006-03-02 Procede et dispositif pour determiner le debit effectif ou pour regler le regime d'une pompe peristaltique

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EP1859168A1 EP1859168A1 (fr) 2007-11-28
EP1859168B1 true EP1859168B1 (fr) 2017-05-03

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US (1) US8140274B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1859168B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5049260B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101142407B (fr)
DE (1) DE102005023430A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006097199A1 (fr)

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JP5049260B2 (ja) 2012-10-17
US8140274B2 (en) 2012-03-20
DE102005023430A1 (de) 2006-09-21
WO2006097199A1 (fr) 2006-09-21
CN101142407B (zh) 2010-10-13
JP2008533370A (ja) 2008-08-21
EP1859168A1 (fr) 2007-11-28
CN101142407A (zh) 2008-03-12
US20090234289A1 (en) 2009-09-17

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