EP1844899A2 - Betätigungsvorrichtung - Google Patents
Betätigungsvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1844899A2 EP1844899A2 EP07105983A EP07105983A EP1844899A2 EP 1844899 A2 EP1844899 A2 EP 1844899A2 EP 07105983 A EP07105983 A EP 07105983A EP 07105983 A EP07105983 A EP 07105983A EP 1844899 A2 EP1844899 A2 EP 1844899A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- electric valve
- pressure
- pneumatic actuator
- barrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
- B24B21/04—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding plane surfaces
- B24B21/06—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding plane surfaces involving members with limited contact area pressing the belt against the work, e.g. shoes sweeping across the whole area to be ground
- B24B21/08—Pressure shoes; Pressure members, e.g. backing belts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a driving device arranged for driving a pneumatic actuator.
- the invention refers to a driving device of a pneumatic actuator suitable for being associated with a pad arranged for being used in machine tools, such as sanding machines designed for sanding wood or similar materials.
- the known sanding machines for example those of wide belt type, comprise a frame supporting a conveyor belt, extending along a longitudinal direction and arranged for transporting a piece to be worked.
- the frame supports a plurality of rollers having parallel axes, said rollers being positioned transversally and above the conveyor belt, said rollers providing for tensioning and driving an abrasive belt, ring closed on the same rollers.
- the abrasive belt is provided with a sanding assembly comprising a pad, arranged for exerting a proper pressure on a portion of the abrasive belt in direction of the conveyor belt so as to exert a higher or lower sanding pressure on the piece to be worked.
- the pad is arranged transversally with respect to the advancing direction of the conveyor belt and is partitioned in a plurality of slides adjacent to each other, each of which is arranged for pressing a portion of the abrasive belt.
- the slides are mutually independent and each slide is controlled by a corresponding actuator driven by a respective driving device.
- the driving device comprises an electronic board arranged for driving a first electric valve and a second electric valve.
- the first electric valve and the second electric valve are connected via a pneumatic circuit with a respective pressure chamber and are arranged for inducing on the actuator a first and a second pressure levels respectively.
- the actuator and the corresponding slide can be actuated with two different pressure levels, which allows the slide to press the abrasive belt with a different intensity.
- the driving device comprises a counter-pressure chamber, connected with the actuator, arranged for supplying the actuator with a counter-pressure.
- a drawback affecting the known devices is the possibility that the surface having to be sanded is damaged near the edge of the workpiece.
- the slide can be pressed with excessive force against the edge surface, so that the edge surface is damaged and peels off, the surface quality of the machining being compromised.
- a further drawback of the known devices relates to the complexity of their structure, their remarkable size and the high cost to be sustained for their implementation.
- An object of the invention is to improve the driving devices arranged for driving actuators of pads of sanding machines.
- a further object is to realize a driving device enabling an edge of a workpiece to be sanded without being damaged.
- a still further object is to obtain a driving device enabling the surface quality of the workpiece to be improved.
- Another object is to reduce the pieces to be discarded due to an incorrect machining.
- Another further object is to realize driving devices provided with a simplified structure, limited size and requiring a limited expenditure of money for being implemented.
- a driving device for pressing means of a sanding machine comprising pneumatic actuator means associated with said pressing means, electric valve means arranged for inducing said working pressure on said pneumatic actuator means and electromagnetic driving means arranged for driving said electric valve means, characterized in that said electromagnetic driving means is electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle.
- a range of variable pressures can be optionally induced on an actuator, being used electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle operating according to a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) cycle for electrically driving the electric valve.
- PWM Pulse Width Modulation
- the parameters regulating such PWM cycle being properly changed, that enables a plurality of pressures to be obtained acting on a single actuator.
- each actuator has available a number of pressure levels higher than the known devices, with the capability to more accurately modulate the working pressure, particularly near an edge of the workpiece.
- the device according to the invention exhibits a simple, compact structure and requires a limited expenditure of money for being implemented.
- a driving device 1 of a pad 2 comprising, a plurality of pressers 3 positioned next to each other.
- the driving device 1 is suitable for being associated with a wide belt sanding machine 4, arranged for sanding wood or similar materials, schematically represented in Figures 4 and 5.
- the sanding machines 4 comprise a frame, not represented, supporting a conveyor belt 5, developing and moving along a first axis X substantially horizontal in the direction indicated by a first arrow F1, and arranged for transporting a piece to be worked 6 along the said first axis X ( Figure 4) .
- the frame further provides to support a plurality of rollers, having parallel axes, not shown, positioned in the use transversally and above with respect to said conveyor belt 5, tensioning and driving an abrasive belt 7, ring closed on the same rollers.
- the abrasive belt 7 has a velocity directed along the first axis X.
- such velocity may be directed according to the direction indicated by the first arrow F1 in the case of concurring machining, that is when the velocity of the abrasive belt 7 is concurrent with respect to an advancing direction A of the piece to be worked 6, and according to the direction shown by a second arrow F2 in the case of opposing machining, that is when the velocity of the abrasive belt 7 is opposing with respect to an advancing direction A of the piece to be worked 6.
- the abrasive belt 7 is arranged so as to be pressed against the workpiece 6 by the pressers 3, an antifriction cloth 8 being positioned between the pressers 3 and the abrasive belt 7.
- Each presser 3 comprises a slide 9 supporting a section of an insert 10, flexible and suitable for being extracted in transversal direction with respect to the first axis X.
- the insert 10 having substantially the shape of a parallelepiped extending along a transversal direction with respect to the first axis X, is arranged for contacting the antifriction cloth 8 in order to exert an appropriate pressure on a corresponding portion of the abrasive belt 7, in direction of the conveyor belt 5 so as to accomplish the sanding of the workpiece 6.
- each slide 9 is removably associated with an actuator 11.
- the actuators 11 of each presser 3 result independent of each other and are each arranged to move the corresponding section of insert 10 along a second axis Z, substantially vertical, and substantially perpendicular to the first axis X, near to and away from the workpiece 6.
- the actuators 11 are supported by a crosspiece 12, for example an draw piece of aluminum, said crosspiece being supported at the ends thereof by a fixed frame, transversally arranged with respect to the first axis X and positioned above the abrasive belt 7.
- the crosspiece 12 is inserted between the tensioning rollers of the abrasive belt 7 and runs parallel to said rollers according to an arrangement substantially known in the sanding machines.
- a counter-pressure chamber 13 and a pressure chamber 14 are obtained, independent of each other and developing mutually parallel substantially along the full length of the crosspiece 12.
- the pressure chamber 14 has a volumetric size higher than the counter-pressure chamber 13 and is positioned operatively above said counter-pressure chamber.
- the pressure chamber 14 is arranged for containing air at a first pressure P1, or supply pressure, substantially constant and arranged for moving the actuator 11 near to the workpiece 6, whereas the counter-pressure chamber 13 is arranged for containing air at a second pressure P2, or counter-pressure CP, also said second pressure P2 being substantially constant and arranged for regulating a descent speed of the actuator 11 and for moving said actuator 11 away from the workpiece 6 when machining is completed.
- the second pressure P2 is lower than the first pressure P1 and is arranged, during the use, for opposing the first pressure P1.
- the crosspiece 12 viewed along a cross vertical section, has substantially shape of a square and exhibits a plurality of through housings 15, tight sealed, extending along the second axis Z.
- Each housing 15 is obtained along the transversal development of the crosspiece 12 and centrally with respect to said crosspiece 12.
- Each housing 15 is arranged for accommodating a liner 16 of the actuators 11, having substantially shape of hollow cylinder, developing along the second axis Z.
- the liner 16 exhibits three internal diameter different from each other; a first internal diameter 17 in a first part 18, a second internal diameter 19 in a second part 20 and a third internal diameter 21 in a third part 22, opposed to the first part 18, the second part 20 being interposed between the first part 18 and the third part 22.
- the first internal diameter 17 results smaller than the second internal diameter 19 that in turn is smaller than the third internal diameter 21.
- Each liner 16 is arranged for receiving the respective actuator 11, so as to assure the dimensional precision required in the assembly and increase the sliding capability of said actuator 11along the second axis Z.
- Each actuator 11 has substantially shape of a cylinder, developing along the second axis Z, and exhibits three different external diameter: a first external diameter 23 in a first own portion 24, a second external diameter 25 in a second own portion 26 and a third external diameter 27 in a third own portion 28.
- the first external diameter 23 results smaller than the second external diameter 25, that in turn is smaller than the third external diameter 27.
- a first annular chamber 29 is obtained that is communicating with a second annular chamber 30 obtained between the second portion 26 and the third part 22.
- Each actuator 11 further comprises an active surface 39, having a diameter substantially equal to the third external diameter 27, extending transversally with respect to the second axis Z and defining, together with the third part 22, a cylindrical chamber 40.
- the liner 16 is provided with a substantially horizontal opening 31, arranged for connecting the first annular chamber 29 with the counter-pressure chamber 13.
- said crosspiece 12 further comprises a surface 32, wherein a through bore 37 is carried out, extending substantially parallel with respect to the second axis Z.
- the surface 32 is also surmounted by a cover 33, arranged for defining with the surface 32 a hollow 34 arranged for accommodating the driving device 1 of the actuator 11.
- the driving device 1 comprises a valve-holder body 51 provided with a seat, not shown, arranged for receiving an electric valve 35, illustrated with dotted line.
- the valve-holder body 51 comprises an inlet 41, through which air enters at the first pressure P1, which air is conveyed to the electric valve 35 via duct means 80, shown with dotted line.
- the inlet 41 is connected with the pressure chamber 14 via a first conduit 36, for example a flexible pipe, communicating with the bore 37.
- the valve-holder body 51 further comprises an outlet 42 from which air escapes at a variable, working pressure P3.
- the outlet 42 is connected with the electric valve 35 by means of further duct means 81, represented with dotted line, and with the cylindrical chamber 40 via a second conduit 38 extending along the second axis Z and partially received in the housing 15.
- Each electric valve 35 is pneumatically fed with the first pressure P1 and is electrically actuated by means of electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle 100.
- the electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle 100 is arranged for driving an electric valve according to a "Pulse Width Modulation" cycle with substantially constant average voltage, normally referred to as PWM cycle.
- the PWM pulse width modulation is a type of digital modulation in which an information is coded in the form of duration in the time of each signal pulse.
- the PWM modulation consists in varying the duration of the pulses of a signal.
- Such diagram comprises the time in abscissa and the control voltage of the electric valve 35 in ordinate.
- the DC working cycle of the PWM signal represented in the diagram of Figure 3 comprises a train of rectangular pulses characterized by a fixed frequency, a voltage V, and a cycle time T defined as the sum of an activation time T1 and a rest time T2.
- the activation time T1 is defined as the percentage of the cycle time T in which the electric valve 35 is fed at the voltage V.
- the sanding machine 4 is schematically shown provided with a detecting barrier 43 arranged for controlling the driving devices 1 of each presser 3.
- the detecting barrier 43 is positioned above with respect to the conveyor belt 5 and upstream of the pressers 3 with respect to the advancing direction A of the workpiece 6.
- the detecting barrier 43 is opposed and substantially parallel with respect to the inserts 10 of the pressers 3, and comprises a plurality of sensors 44 free from contact, which are grouped for example in sets of three sensors every presser 3 of the pad 2.
- the detecting barrier 43 has a barrier pitch 45 having width equal to one third of the width of the pitch 46 of the presser 3.
- each presser 3 is controlled by the three respective barrier pitches 45 facing said presser 3 along the first axis X.
- the sensors 44 send a signal to the electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle 100.
- the electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle 100 comprises an input electronic board 47, a programmable logic controller 50, or PLC, and an output electronic board 49.
- the input electronic board 47 receives the signal from the sensors 44 and transmits said signal to the PLC 50, that is known and for that reason will not be described in detail.
- the PLC 50 processes the signal coming from the sensors 44 and a further advancing signal of the conveyor belt 5 sent by a decoder 48, and transmits such signals to the output electronic board 49 that elaborates the corresponding PWM cycle for driving the respective electric valve 35.
- the PWM cycle elaborated by the electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle 100 is designed in such a way as to direct the corresponding electric valve 35 to supply the cylindrical chamber 40 of the respective actuator 11 with a first maximum predicted working pressure PP1.
- the electric valve 35 is supplied at the voltage V for a first activation time TT1, during which time TT1 said electric valve 35 withdraws air from the pressure chamber 14, which air is conveyed through the first conduit 36, the duct means 80, the further duct means 81, the second conduit 38, and the cylindrical chamber 40 towards the active surface 39 of the actuator 11.
- the actuator 11 is then forced to press via the corresponding presser 3 the underlying portion of abrasive belt 7 with the first working pressure PP1.
- the PWM cycle elaborated by the electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation 100 is designed so as to direct the corresponding electric valve 35 to supply the cylindrical chamber 40 of the respective actuator 11 respectively with a second working pressure PP2 and a third working pressure PP3 equal to one third and two thirds of the first working pressure PP1 respectively in order to prevent the edge 51 from being damaged.
- the electric valve 35 supplied at the voltage V for a second activation time TT2 and a third activation time TT3 respectively, withdraws air from the pressure chamber 14, which air is conveyed through the first conduit 36, the duct means 80, the further duct means 81, the second conduit 38, and the cylindrical chamber 40 towards the active surface 39 of the actuator 11.
- the actuator 11 is therefore forced to press by means of the corresponding presser 3 the underlying portion of abrasive belt 7 with the second working pressure PP2 and the third working pressure PP3 respectively.
- first working pressure PP1 and consequently the second working pressure PP2 and the third working pressure PP3 are defined during a calibrating phase of the sanding machine 4 before a working cycle is started.
- every actuator 11 moves independently from the others, each slide 9 being actuated with a working pressure P3 suitable for the corresponding portion of piece 6 to be worked.
- each presser 3 is provided with an actuator 11 suitable for being actuated with at least three different working pressure P3: PP1 or PP2 or PP3.
- the pressure can be regulated more properly, that makes machining more accurate, in order phenomena to be prevent like the "peeling" of the edge and a better surface quality of the workpiece 6 to be assured.
- the actuator 11 is evenly stressed by the counter-pressure CP, opposing, according to the necessity, the first working pressure PP1, the second working pressure PP2 or the third working pressure PP3.
- the counter-pressure CP works in the following way: the air existing in the counter-pressure chamber 13 is conveyed via the opening 31, through the first annular chamber 29, towards the second annular chamber 30.
- the counter-pressure CP is exerted on an annular surface 53 of the actuator 11 opening on the second annular chamber 30 and opposed to the active surface 39, and enables the actuator 11 to be rapidly raised when the sanding of the workpiece 6 is finished, that is when the forcing action exerted by the first working pressure PP1, or by the second working pressure PP2 or by the third working pressure PP3 is concluded.
- the counter-pressure CP enables the descent speed of the actuator 11 to be adjusted and the pressers 3 to be maintained raised when the machining is finished.
- the sanding machine 4 is schematically shown provided with a further detecting barrier 53 arranged for controlling the driving devices 1 of each presser 3.
- the further detecting barrier 53 is positioned above with respect to the conveyor belt 5 and upstream of the pressers 3 with respect to the advancing direction A of the workpiece 6.
- said workpiece 6 passes under the further detecting barrier 53, that provides to detect a variation of thickness of the workpiece 6.
- the further detecting barrier 53 is opposed and substantially parallel with respect to the insert 10, and comprises a plurality of capacitive sensors 54 arranged for detecting the variation of thickness of the workpiece 6.
- the capacitive sensors 54 comprise tracers 55 positioned near to each other, arranged in a row like the keys of a piano transversally with respect to the first axis X, and moving independently of each other along the second axis Z.
- Each feeler pin 55 comprises a rod 57 extending substantially parallel to the second direction Z and provided at one end 58 thereof with a wheel 56, that is maintained in contact, by means of elastic means not shown, with the workpiece 6.
- Each capacitive sensor 54 is further provided with an armature 60 associated with a further end 59, opposed to the end 58, of the rod 57.
- the further detecting barrier 53 further comprises a supporting plate 62, extending transversally with respect to the first direction X, arranged for supporting the capacitive sensors 54.
- the supporting plate 62 is surmounted by a further cover 63.
- the further cover 63 defines with the supporting plate 62 a further hollow 66 in which a support 64 is positioned.
- the support 64 is associated with the supporting plate 62 and is arranged for supporting a further fixed armature 65.
- Each capacitive sensor 54 is arranged for controlling a respective presser 3 of the pad 2.
- the further detecting barrier 53 has a number of capacitive sensors 54 equal to the number of pressers 3.
- each presser 3 is controlled by the corresponding wheel 56 facing said presser 3 along the first axis X.
- each wheel 56 contacts the workpiece 6 and moves along the second direction Z in function of the detected thickness.
- the capacitive sensors 54 send a signal of variation of the capacity value corresponding to a detected vertical displacement, to further electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle 100'.
- the further electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle 100' comprises a further input electronic board 67, a further programmable logic controller 70, or PLC, and a further output electronic board 69.
- the further input electronic board 67 receives the signal from the capacitive sensors 54 and transmits it to the further PLC 70.
- the further PLC 70 processes the signal coming from the capacitive sensors 54 and a further advancing signal of the conveyor belt 5 sent by a further encoder 68, and transmits such signals to the further output electronic board 69 that elaborates for each received signal the corresponding PWM cycle for driving the respective electric valve 35.
- the further electromagnetic driving means having a pulse width modulation cycle 100' controls the electric valve 35 in such a manner that, in function of the detected vertical displacement and thus of the variation of the capacity value, a further working pressure P4 correspondingly operates in the cylindrical chamber 40 of the respective presser 3.
- Such further working pressure P4 is comprised in a range of values defined by a minimum value and a maximum value determined during the calibrating phase of the sanding machine 4 before the working cycle starts.
- the further PLC 70 is also provided with software capable of distinguishing the pressers 3 positioned near the edge 51 of the workpiece 6, from the pressers 3 positioned in an internal portion of the workpiece 6.
- each actuator 11 moves independently from the others, each actuator 11 being actuated by a further working pressure P4 adapted to the thickness of the corresponding portion of workpiece 6.
- the actuator 11 is evenly stressed by the counter-pressure CP opposed to the further working pressure P4.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000119A ITMO20060119A1 (it) | 2006-04-11 | 2006-04-11 | Dispositivo di azionamento |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1844899A2 true EP1844899A2 (de) | 2007-10-17 |
EP1844899A3 EP1844899A3 (de) | 2008-05-14 |
EP1844899B1 EP1844899B1 (de) | 2011-06-08 |
Family
ID=38222121
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07105983A Not-in-force EP1844899B1 (de) | 2006-04-11 | 2007-04-11 | Betätigungsvorrichtung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1844899B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE511949T1 (de) |
IT (1) | ITMO20060119A1 (de) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002032623A1 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2002-04-25 | Viet S.P.A. | Pressing device for sanding machine |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4621459A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1986-11-11 | Timesavers, Inc. | Segmented platen with diaphragm cylinder control |
DE4316588C1 (de) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-09-08 | Heesemann Juergen | Schleifmaschine mit einem Schleifband |
-
2006
- 2006-04-11 IT IT000119A patent/ITMO20060119A1/it unknown
-
2007
- 2007-04-11 EP EP07105983A patent/EP1844899B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-04-11 AT AT07105983T patent/ATE511949T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002032623A1 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2002-04-25 | Viet S.P.A. | Pressing device for sanding machine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE511949T1 (de) | 2011-06-15 |
ITMO20060119A1 (it) | 2007-10-12 |
EP1844899B1 (de) | 2011-06-08 |
EP1844899A3 (de) | 2008-05-14 |
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