EP1839093A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines bauteils mit nanometer-multischichten für optische anwendungen sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes bauteil - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines bauteils mit nanometer-multischichten für optische anwendungen sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes bauteilInfo
- Publication number
- EP1839093A1 EP1839093A1 EP06705766A EP06705766A EP1839093A1 EP 1839093 A1 EP1839093 A1 EP 1839093A1 EP 06705766 A EP06705766 A EP 06705766A EP 06705766 A EP06705766 A EP 06705766A EP 1839093 A1 EP1839093 A1 EP 1839093A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- sol
- layer
- multilayer
- produced
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/283—Interference filters designed for the ultraviolet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—HANDLING OF PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/06—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diffraction, refraction or reflection, e.g. monochromators
- G21K1/062—Devices having a multilayer structure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a component with a nanometer multilayer for optical applications, such.
- wet-chemical coatings such as the sol-gel process
- layer systems are also known for the production of layer systems from the prior art. Even with this method produced layer systems have the required quality and reproducibility and are also significantly cheaper.
- colloidal suspensions (sol) of inorganic particles in the nm range in suitable solvents, eg. Water or organic solvents are suspended, applied to a carrier material and form there the required nanoscale film. The film is densified by an annealing process and forms a uniform, optically effective layer.
- WO 2001/058681 A1 describes the production of layer systems consisting of cerium oxide and silicon oxide layers by immersing the support substrate to be coated in a sol.
- the thickness of the respective layer and its uniformity are adjustable, whereas the duration of the dipping process is considered uncritical and can vary.
- the deposited layer is oxidized and stabilized.
- the time and temperature of the heat treatment depend on whether the stabilization takes place before a further coating process or, finally, the complete coating system is to be finished. Accordingly, the heat treatment at up to 200 0 C for a few minutes to one hour or at up to 450 0 C for half to two hours and in special cases be longer.
- Crystalline aluminum films or their amorphous modifications are used in particular for numerous optical, electrical and protective coatings.
- aluminum brine from inorganic salts eg. B. A1C13 »6H2O are used (Q.Fu, C-B., Cao, H. -S. Zhu, Thin Solid Films 348 (1999) 99).
- With the sol-gel process however, larger layer thicknesses and homogeneous layers unsuitable for the stated application have hitherto always been realized (N. Bahlawane, T. Watanabe, J. American Ceramic, Soc., 80 [12] (1997) 3213). and it proved difficult to achieve the required homogeneity in the nanometer range in wet-chemically deposited layers.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method for producing a component with a nanometer MuIti Mrs for optical applications of the type mentioned, which can be applied inexpensively and with the nanometer multilayer of only one material, in particular aluminum oxide, can be produced with a predetermined density modulation within this multilayer.
- the invention relates to an alternative production method for nanometer multilayers on various substrates, consisting of only one material with periodically successive individual layers, which are in each case separated from one another by an interface, which is characterized by a density contrast.
- a density contrast is also, the refractive index in the multilayer system in the direction perpendicular to the interfaces periodically variable.
- density contrast within the meaning of the invention, a sudden change in density at this interface is understood.
- the preparation of the multilayers is carried out according to the known sol-gel method, which allows a targeted adjustment of the deposition parameters, such as the Ziehgeschwdtechnik and concomitantly the residence time in the sol-gel bath or the spray parameters and the subsequent heat treatment with a predetermined temperature range and thus also permits deviations of the material properties within multi-layers, which are made of only one material.
- the method according to the invention which will be described in more detail below, is characterized by an extremely low cost outlay.
- every single layer of the stack produced in a deposition period has a thin surface layer (top layer) with a higher porosity and thus lower density compared to the corresponding single layer.
- This top layer forms the interface having a density contrast within the multilayer made of only one material.
- a slight compression of the already deposited individual layers takes place with each individual drying or tempering process.
- Targeted density modulation is additionally possible via the deposition parameters, since both the withdrawal rate and the annealing or drying temperature used in the sol-gel process influence the thickness and the density of the sol-gel film.
- an increase in the retraction speed leads to a thicker film of lower average density, which indicates a higher porosity of the
- Another advantage of the method according to the invention is the stability of the density modulation and also of the amorphous state in the multilayer at high temperatures. After heat treatment at temperatures of up to 1000 ° C. in air, it was not possible to detect any crystalline phases by means of X-ray diffractometry, since the formation of crystalline phases would adversely affect, in particular, the surface roughness due to the growth of the crystallites.
- multilayers can be produced in particular from Al 2 O 3 and likewise from TiO 2 or SiO 2 .
- Pig. 1 shows the layer structure of aluminum multilayers on a silicon substrate with different numbers of deposition periods
- FIG. 2 shows the reflectivity of an aluminum layer produced in a single deposition period under X-ray radiation with the retraction speed as parameter, experimentally and by means of simulation;
- FIG. 3 shows the dependence of the density of an aluminum layer produced in a single deposition period on the retraction speed:
- Fig. 4 shows the dependence of the thickness of an aluminum layer produced in a single deposition period on the retraction speed
- Fig. Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the thickness and the density of an aluminum layer produced in a single coating period as a function of the drying temperature
- Fig. 6 shows the reflectivity of an aluminum layer produced in a single deposition period under X-ray radiation with the drying temperature as a parameter, experimentally and by means of simulation;
- FIG. 8b shows the dependence of the average thickness of the individual layers of the aluminum multilayer as a function of the number of deposition periods
- FIGS. 2, ⁇ , 7 and 9a show the experimentally determined values as a solid line and the values obtained from a simulation as a dotted line.
- the component 1 of the embodiment is a flat plate or disk of silicon (wafer) with rectangular or circular outline in the diameter range of several cm.
- the thickness of the component 1 is in the millimeter range or less.
- the surface is roentgen optical smooth and has a roughness in the range of 0, 1 ran on.
- diethylene glycol monoethyl ether is heated in the embodiment with 98% purity to a temperature of 90 0 C before an alkoxide precursor, z. B.
- Aluminum isopropoxide is also added at 98% purity. After vigorous thorough mixing for 15 to 20 minutes, 99.8% strength ethanoic acid is added. After another approx. 2 minutes of mixing at 90 0 C, the sol is gradually cooled to room temperature.
- the molar ratio of organic solution to ethanoic acid to alkoxide precursor is 40: 3: 1.
- Interlayer 2 a thin, natural silicon oxide layer with low surface roughness (referred to below as Interlayer 2) remains.
- the component 1 is subsequently immersed in the above-described sol and withdrawn from the sol-gel bath at a predefined speed ranging from 0.25 cm / min to 4.14 cm / min.
- drying temperature a defined temperature
- FIG. 1 The schematic structure of a single layer 3 and various multi-layers 5 of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), which were prepared by means of two, three, four, five and eight dip phases followed by drying process (hereinafter deposition period) are shown in FIG. 1 shown.
- the component 1 is covered by the described interlayer 2 of silicon oxide.
- the individual layers 3 are deposited on top of each other. divorced, which in turn are each covered by a top layer 4.
- the density of each constituent of the multilayers 5 is to be taken from its hatch density and its thickness from the height of the beam section for the respective hatch density.
- FIG. 2 shows the reflectivity of an Al 2 O 3 layer which was produced at different retraction speed v but in each case in only one deposition period in order to illustrate the influence of the retraction speed on the single layer 3.
- the retraction speeds are in the range of 0.25 cm / min to 4.14 cm / min.
- An increase in the retraction speed during the layer production also causes a lower average density in a thicker layer, as shown in FIG.
- the lower density represents a higher porosity of the produced layer. This relationship between the layer density and the layer thickness can be seen in FIG. 5 on the sloping curve.
- the drying temperature is a further influencing variable with regard to the layer thickness, as can be seen in FIG. 6 from the period of the Kiessig fringes, and the average density. To illustrate this influence on each individual layer 3, FIG. 6 again shows the reflectivity of a single layer 3 produced in only one deposition period.
- increasing the drying temperature causes an increase in the average ler density, but a reduction in the layer thickness.
- the drying temperature increases from 200 ° C. to 260 ° C.
- a decrease in the layer thickness of the Al 2 O 3 layer to approx. 60% of the thickness at 200 0 C recorded.
- one leads .
- the average layer thickness of the individual layers 3 is determined on the basis of the uniform retraction speed from the quotient of the total layer thickness and the number of deposition periods.
- the decrease in the mean layer thickness is due to the densification of the superimposed individual layers as a result of the subsequent drying of the last deposited layer.
- Both the total layer thickness and the individual layer thicknesses can be favorably determined directly by the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
- FFT also provides information about the reflection behavior of the multilayer 5 z. B. at the generated layer transitions within the layer stack.
- the density-modulated, amorphous aluminum multilayer produced by means of the sol-gel process proves to be thermally stable.
- the required thermal stability can be achieved over a temperature range from 300 ° C. to 1000 ° C.
- the investigations of the thermal stability revealed only a laterally inhomogeneous compaction, which is however completed in heat treatments up to 500 ° C., as is the case with the measurement results in FIGS. 9a to 9c, where the average total density, the thickness of the multilayer 5 and the Surface roughness of the multilayer 5 are shown as a function of the drying temperature.
- About 500 0 C hi- nausbeck heat treatments resulted only at 1000 0 C to compensate for the density modulation as well as to compress and simultaneously to increase the layer thickness in the vicinity of the component 1, compared to other layer.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005001232 | 2005-01-11 | ||
| PCT/DE2006/000027 WO2006074642A1 (de) | 2005-01-11 | 2006-01-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines bauteils mit nanometer-multischichten für optische anwendungen sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes bauteil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1839093A1 true EP1839093A1 (de) | 2007-10-03 |
Family
ID=36297203
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06705766A Withdrawn EP1839093A1 (de) | 2005-01-11 | 2006-01-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines bauteils mit nanometer-multischichten für optische anwendungen sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes bauteil |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1839093A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2008526480A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN100549836C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE112006000587A5 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006074642A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19840525A1 (de) * | 1998-09-06 | 2000-03-09 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung optischer Schichten von gleichmäßiger Schichtdicke |
| US6409907B1 (en) * | 1999-02-11 | 2002-06-25 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Electrochemical process for fabricating article exhibiting substantial three-dimensional order and resultant article |
| JP3509804B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-30 | 2004-03-22 | 株式会社ニコン | 多層薄膜付き光学素子及びそれを備える露光装置 |
| KR20020084128A (ko) * | 2000-02-11 | 2002-11-04 | 덴글라스 테크놀로지스, 엘엘씨. | 막이 산화세륨을 갖는 항반사성 uv 차단 다층 피복물 및그것의 제조 방법 |
| JP2003133070A (ja) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-09 | Seiko Epson Corp | 積層膜の製造方法、電気光学装置、電気光学装置の製造方法、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス装置の製造方法、及び電子機器 |
-
2006
- 2006-01-11 DE DE112006000587T patent/DE112006000587A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-01-11 WO PCT/DE2006/000027 patent/WO2006074642A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-01-11 CN CNB2006800020704A patent/CN100549836C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-11 JP JP2007549793A patent/JP2008526480A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-01-11 EP EP06705766A patent/EP1839093A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006074642A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2008526480A (ja) | 2008-07-24 |
| WO2006074642A1 (de) | 2006-07-20 |
| CN101103313A (zh) | 2008-01-09 |
| DE112006000587A5 (de) | 2007-12-27 |
| CN100549836C (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070813 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: GUTMANN, EMANUEL Inventor name: PAUFLER, PETER Inventor name: DIE ANDERE ERFINDER HABEN AUF IHRE NENNUNG VERZICH Inventor name: LEVIN, ALEXANDER A. |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20071130 |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20110802 |