EP1838396A1 - Inerting method for preventing fires - Google Patents

Inerting method for preventing fires

Info

Publication number
EP1838396A1
EP1838396A1 EP06700499A EP06700499A EP1838396A1 EP 1838396 A1 EP1838396 A1 EP 1838396A1 EP 06700499 A EP06700499 A EP 06700499A EP 06700499 A EP06700499 A EP 06700499A EP 1838396 A1 EP1838396 A1 EP 1838396A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concentration
oxygen
inflammation
shelter
gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06700499A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1838396B1 (en
Inventor
Ernst-Werner Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amrona AG
Original Assignee
Amrona AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amrona AG filed Critical Amrona AG
Priority to PL06700499T priority Critical patent/PL1838396T3/en
Publication of EP1838396A1 publication Critical patent/EP1838396A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1838396B1 publication Critical patent/EP1838396B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/04—Removing or cutting-off the supply of inflammable material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0063—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames with simultaneous removal of inflammable materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a. Inerting process to avoid fire or explosion in an enclosed protection area, in which the oxygen content in the protection area is reduced compared to the ambient air in the protection area.
  • Inerting methods for fire prevention and extinguishing in closed rooms are known from fire extinguishing technology.
  • the extinguishing effect resulting from these processes is based on the principle of oxygen displacement.
  • the normal ambient air consists of 21% by volume of oxygen, 78% by volume of nitrogen and 1% by volume of other gases.
  • initiate e.g. pure or 90% nitrogen as inert gas further increases the nitrogen concentration in the room in question and thus reduces the oxygen content.
  • an extinguishing effect sets in when the oxygen content drops below about 15% by volume.
  • a further decrease in the oxygen content to, for example, 12% by volume may be necessary. At this oxygen concentration, most flammable materials can no longer burn.
  • the oxygen-displacing gases used in this “inert gas extinguishing technology” are generally stored compressed in steel tanks in special adjoining rooms, or a device is used to generate an oxygen-displacing gas Inert gas-air mixtures with a proportion of, for example, 90%, 95% or 99% nitrogen (or another inert gas) can also be used.
  • the steel bottles or this device for generating the oxygen-displacing gas constitute the so-called primary source of the inert gas extinguishing system. If necessary, the gas is then fed from this source via piping systems and corresponding outlet nozzles into the room in question. In order to keep the fire risk as low as possible even if the source fails, secondary inert gas sources are sometimes used.
  • Patent specification DE 102 35 718 B3 describes a method for inerting one or more closed rooms to reduce the risk of fire and explosion, in which the oxygen content in the closed room is reduced to an oxygen setpoint relative to the ambient air. A temperature value for a gas temperature in the closed space is also recorded and the oxygen setpoint for the oxygen content is determined as a function of the temperature values, the oxygen setpoint being increased as the temperature value falls.
  • this method has the disadvantage that the nominal values can fluctuate greatly with the physical characteristics, the geometry, the special composition or coverage by other surface materials of the materials stored in the shelter. One would have to determine a separate parameter for each physical form and arrangement of the stored goods in the shelter, which is impossible in practice.
  • the present invention is based on the object of further developing the inerting method known from the prior art and explained above that it is independent of the The type of substances or goods stored in the protected area works reliably.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in an inerting method of the type mentioned at the outset by regulating the setpoint value for the oxygen concentration as a function of the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases in the shelter.
  • the advantages of the invention are, in particular, that an easy to implement and at the same time very effective inerting method for reducing the risk of fire or explosion can be achieved in an enclosed protective area, even if increased concentrations of inflammation-promoting substances are present in the protected area due to outgassing.
  • concentration of the inflammation-promoting gases is regularly determined by measurements.
  • the disadvantages of the inert gas concentration or oxygen concentration in the shelter controlled by parameters are avoided and scatter of characteristic values of stored materials are compensated for by a timely measurement and reaction to increased concentrations of inflammation-promoting gases due to outgassing.
  • the above-mentioned object is further achieved in that the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases in the protective space or protective area is measured at least at one point, each with one or more sensors. Measurements at several points are necessary, for example, if the objects or packaging stored in the enclosed shelter are arranged unevenly.
  • the outgassing of inflammation-promoting gases can vary widely in this case or even if the geometry of the goods stored in the shelter is unfavorable.
  • the oxygen concentration in the shelter can also be measured at several points and with one or more sensors.
  • the measurement at several points offers an additional safety aspect with regard to uneven gas distributions in the enclosed shelter.
  • the measurement of the oxygen concentration can be carried out with one or more sensors in each case. Failure safety can be increased by measuring with at least two sensors.
  • the above-mentioned measured values of the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases in the shelter as well as the concentration of oxygen in the shelter are fed to at least one control unit.
  • the multiple measured values supplied to the control unit can be evaluated within the control unit based on a selectable algorithm.
  • One or more control units can be provided.
  • the advantage of a multiple design of the control unit lies in the increased security of the overall system. In this way it can be ensured that the entire system remains functional even if one control unit fails. If an increasing concentration of inflammation-promoting gases is detected in the control unit via the sensors for inflammation-promoting gases, the setpoint value of the oxygen concentration is further reduced in order to ensure that fires and explosions are reliably prevented even in the presence of inflammation-promoting gases (e.g. hydrocarbons) .
  • inflammation-promoting gases e.g. hydrocarbons
  • the target value of the oxygen concentration is increased as the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases decreases.
  • a lowering of the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases, which arise due to outgassing of the goods stored in the storage room, can be reduced by providing a gas exchange or a fresh air supply in the protective room. In this way, it can be reliably prevented that the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases does not increase continuously due to outgassing, thus increasing the risk of fire or explosion.
  • the signals from the sensors in the shelter can be transmitted wirelessly if necessary. In this way, changing storage material and / or goods geometries in the shelter can be taken into account.
  • Fig. 1 A schematic arrangement of the shelter with the associated inert gas sources and the valve, measuring and control devices.
  • Fig. 2 An exemplary change in the oxygen concentration is influenced by the concentration of fire-promoting substances in the shelter.
  • the basic function of the method is described by way of example in FIG. 1.
  • the inert gas can be let into the protective space 1 from the inert gas source 2 via a valve 3 and one or more outlet nozzles 7.
  • the concentration of the inert gas in the barrage 1 is regulated by the control unit 4, which in turn influences the valve 3.
  • the control unit 4 is set in such a way that a basic level of inertization in the shelter 1 is reached. This basic level of inertization reliably prevents fires in shelter 1 under normal conditions. Under normal conditions it is understood that there are no increased concentrations of fire-promoting substances Kx in the shelter 1.
  • control unit 4 measures the oxygen concentration in the protective space 1 via an oxygen sensor 5 and controls the inflow of inert gas accordingly.
  • the presence and concentration of gases resulting from material outgassing are determined by means of at least one further sensor 6. If the concentration of fire or explosion-promoting gases in the ambient air of the shelter 1 now increases (for example due to an increased concentration of hydrocarbons), this is measured via the sensor 6. This measured value is fed to the control unit 4.
  • the inert gas concentration in the protective space 1 is then increased via a corresponding map function in the control unit 4 and the valve 3. The inflow of inert gas continues until the desired lower oxygen concentration in the protective space, measured via the oxygen sensor 5, has been reached and reliable fire protection is provided even under these difficult conditions.
  • Kx concentration of oxidizing gases.

Abstract

The invention relates to an inerting method for preventing fires or explosions in a closed protected area, whereby the oxygen content in the protected area is reduced as compared to the surrounding atmosphere. The aim of the invention is to effectively prevent fires even when gases escape from solids or liquids in closed protected areas. For this purpose, the oxygen content in the closed protected area is controlled if any inflammable substances and/or gases are present in the closed protected area (for example hydrocarbons), depending on the concentration of the inflammable gases.

Description

"Inertisierungsverfahren zur Brandvermeidung" "Inerting procedure for fire prevention"
Beschreibungdescription
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein. Inertisierungsverfahren zur Vermeidung eines Brandes oder einer Explosion in einem umschlossenen Schutzbereich, bei dem der Sauerstoffgehalt im Schutzbereich gegenüber der Umgebungsluft im Schutzbereich abgesenkt wird.The present invention relates to a. Inerting process to avoid fire or explosion in an enclosed protection area, in which the oxygen content in the protection area is reduced compared to the ambient air in the protection area.
Inertisierungsverfahren zur Brandverhütung und- Löschung in geschlossenen Räumen sind aus der Feuerlöschtechnik bekannt. Die bei diesen Verfahren resultierende Löschwirkung beruht auf dem Prinzip der Sauerstoffverdrängung. Die normale Umgebungsluft besteht bekanntlich zu 21 Vol.-% aus Sauerstoff, zu 78 Vol.-% aus Stickstoff und zu 1 Vol.-% aus sonstigen Gasen. Zum Löschen bzw. zur Brandvermeidung wird durch Einleiten von z.B. reinem oder 90% Stickstoff als Inertgas die Stickstoffkonzentration in dem betreffenden Raum weiter erhöht und damit der Sauerstoffanteil verringert. Es ist bekannt, das eine Löschwirkung einsetzt, wenn der Sauerstoffanteil unter etwa 15 Vol.-% absinkt. Abhängig von den in dem betreffenden Raum vorhandenen brennbaren Materialien kann ferner ein weiteres Absinken des Sauerstoffanteils auf beispielsweise 12 Vol.-% erforderlich sei. Bei dieser Sauerstoffkonzentration können die meisten brennbaren Materialien nicht mehr brennen.Inerting methods for fire prevention and extinguishing in closed rooms are known from fire extinguishing technology. The extinguishing effect resulting from these processes is based on the principle of oxygen displacement. As is known, the normal ambient air consists of 21% by volume of oxygen, 78% by volume of nitrogen and 1% by volume of other gases. To extinguish or prevent fire, initiate e.g. pure or 90% nitrogen as inert gas further increases the nitrogen concentration in the room in question and thus reduces the oxygen content. It is known that an extinguishing effect sets in when the oxygen content drops below about 15% by volume. Depending on the combustible materials present in the room in question, a further decrease in the oxygen content to, for example, 12% by volume may be necessary. At this oxygen concentration, most flammable materials can no longer burn.
Die bei dieser „Inertgaslöschtechnik" verwendeten, sauerstoffverdrängenden Gase werden in der Regel in speziellen Nebenräumen in Stahlflaschen komprimiert gelagert, oder es wird ein Gerät zur Erzeugung eines sauerstoffverdrängenden Gases eingesetzt. Dabei können auch Inertgas-Luftgemische mit einem Anteil von beispielsweise 90%, 95% oder 99% Stickstoff (oder eines anderen Inertgases) zur Anwendung kommen. Die Stahlflaschen bzw. dieses Gerät zur Erzeugung des sauerstoffverdrängenden Gases begründen die sogenannte Primärquelle der Inertgaslöschanlage. Im Bedarfsfall wird dann das Gas von dieser Quelle über Rohrleitungssysteme und entsprechende Austrittsdüsen in den betreffenden Raum geleitet. Um das Brandrisiko auch bei Ausfall der Quelle so niedrig wie möglich zu halten, wird gelegentlich auch auf sekundäre Inertgasquellen zurückgegriffen.The oxygen-displacing gases used in this “inert gas extinguishing technology” are generally stored compressed in steel tanks in special adjoining rooms, or a device is used to generate an oxygen-displacing gas Inert gas-air mixtures with a proportion of, for example, 90%, 95% or 99% nitrogen (or another inert gas) can also be used. The steel bottles or this device for generating the oxygen-displacing gas constitute the so-called primary source of the inert gas extinguishing system. If necessary, the gas is then fed from this source via piping systems and corresponding outlet nozzles into the room in question. In order to keep the fire risk as low as possible even if the source fails, secondary inert gas sources are sometimes used.
Die Patentschrift DE 102 35 718 B3 beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Inertisierung eines oder mehrerer geschlossener Räume zur Herabsetzung der Brand- und Explosionsgefahr, bei dem der Sauerstoffgehalt in dem geschlossenen Raum auf einen Sauerstoffsollwert gegenüber der Umgebungsluft abgesenkt wird. Dabei wird auch ein Temperaturwert für eine Gastemperatur in dem geschlossenen Raum erfasst und der Sauerstoffsollwert für den Sauerstoffgehalt abhängig von den Temperaturwerten bestimmt, wobei mit fallendem Temperaturwert der Sauerstoffsollwert angehoben wird. Diese Methode hat allerdings den Nachteil, dass die Nennwerte stark mit der physikalischen Ausprägung, der Geometrie, der speziellen Zusammensetzung oder Abdeckung durch andere Oberflächenmaterialien der im Schutzraum gelagerten Materialien, schwanken können. Man müsste also für jede physische Ausprägung und Anordnung der gelagerten Güter im Schutzraum eine eigene Kenngröße ermitteln, was in der praktischen Durchführung unmöglich ist. Aus diesem Grunde wird man aus Sicherheitsgründen immer höhere Inertgaskonzentration wählen, um auch bei ungünstigen physikalischen Gegebenheiten einen optimalen Brandschutz zu gewährleisten. Damit nimmt man automatisch einen höheren Inertgasverbrauch in Kauf, der zusätzliche Kosten verursacht und darüber hinaus das Betreten durch Menschen erschweren kann.Patent specification DE 102 35 718 B3 describes a method for inerting one or more closed rooms to reduce the risk of fire and explosion, in which the oxygen content in the closed room is reduced to an oxygen setpoint relative to the ambient air. A temperature value for a gas temperature in the closed space is also recorded and the oxygen setpoint for the oxygen content is determined as a function of the temperature values, the oxygen setpoint being increased as the temperature value falls. However, this method has the disadvantage that the nominal values can fluctuate greatly with the physical characteristics, the geometry, the special composition or coverage by other surface materials of the materials stored in the shelter. One would have to determine a separate parameter for each physical form and arrangement of the stored goods in the shelter, which is impossible in practice. For this reason, increasingly high inert gas concentrations will be chosen for safety reasons, in order to guarantee optimum fire protection even in the case of unfavorable physical conditions. This automatically means higher inert gas consumption, which causes additional costs and can also make it difficult for people to enter.
Allerdings ist bekannt, dass Temperaturen im Bereich -40° bis +60°C keinen nennenswerten Einfluss auf die Endzündungsgrenze von festen und flüssigen Stoffen haben. Demgegenüber kann es bei modernen Materialien — sowohl bei Feststoffen, insbesondere bei Kleinladungsträgern oder Verpackungsmaterial, als auch bei Flüssigkeiten — zu Ausgasungen kommen. Diese Materialausgasungen können trotz reduziertem Sauerstoffgehalt eine erhöhte Brand- oder Explosionsgefahr darstellen. Als Beispiel der genannten end- zündungs fördernden Substanzen, das die Brand- und/oder Explosionsgefahr erhöhen, seien Kohlenwasserstoffe genannt. Ausgehend von den zuvor geschilderten Problemen hinsichtlich der sicherheits technischen Anforderungen an eine Inertgas f euer löschanlage bzw. an ein Inertisierungsverfah- ren liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, das aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte und vorstehend erläuterte Inertisierungsverfahren weiterzuentwickeln, dass es unabhängig von der Art der im Schutzbereich gelagerten Stoffe beziehungsweise Waren zuverlässig funktioniert.However, it is known that temperatures in the range of -40 ° to + 60 ° C have no significant influence on the ignition limit of solid and liquid substances. In contrast, outgassing can occur with modern materials - both with solids, in particular with small load carriers or packaging material, and with liquids. These material outgassings can present an increased fire or explosion hazard despite the reduced oxygen content. Hydrocarbons may be mentioned as an example of the substances which promote ignition, and which increase the risk of fire and / or explosion. On the basis of the problems described above with regard to the technical safety requirements for an inert gas for your extinguishing system or for an inerting method, the present invention is based on the object of further developing the inerting method known from the prior art and explained above that it is independent of the The type of substances or goods stored in the protected area works reliably.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Inertisierungsverfahren der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass der Sollwert der Sauerstoffkonzentration in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration von entzündungs fördernden Gasen im Schutzraum geregelt wird.This object is achieved according to the invention in an inerting method of the type mentioned at the outset by regulating the setpoint value for the oxygen concentration as a function of the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases in the shelter.
Die Vorteile der Erfindung liegen insbesondere darin, dass ein einfach zu realisierendes und dabei sehr effektives Inertisierungsverfahren zur Minderung des Risikos eines Brandes oder einer Explosion in einem umschlossenen Schutzbereich erzielbar ist, auch wenn durch Ausgasungen erhöhte Konzentrationen von endzündungs fördernden Stoffen im Schutzraum vorhanden sind. Dabei wird die Konzentration der endzündungs fördernden Gase regelmäßig durch Messungen festgestellt. Die Nachteile der durch Kenngrößen kontrollierten Inertgaskonzentration bzw. Sauerstoffkonzentration im Schutzraum werden vermieden und Streuungen von Kennwerten von gelagerten Materialien werden durch eine zeitnahe Messung und Reaktion auf erhöhte Konzentrationen von endzündungsför- dernden Gasen aufgrund von Ausgasungen ausgeglichen.The advantages of the invention are, in particular, that an easy to implement and at the same time very effective inerting method for reducing the risk of fire or explosion can be achieved in an enclosed protective area, even if increased concentrations of inflammation-promoting substances are present in the protected area due to outgassing. The concentration of the inflammation-promoting gases is regularly determined by measurements. The disadvantages of the inert gas concentration or oxygen concentration in the shelter controlled by parameters are avoided and scatter of characteristic values of stored materials are compensated for by a timely measurement and reaction to increased concentrations of inflammation-promoting gases due to outgassing.
Weitere Aus führungs formen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.
Die vorstehend genannte Aufgabe wird ferner dadurch gelöst, dass die Konzentration von endzündungs fördernden Gasen im Schutzraum bzw. Schutzbereich an mindestens einer Stelle mit jeweils einem oder mehreren Sensoren gemessen wird. Messungen an mehreren Stellen sind zum Beispiel dann erforderlich, wenn die im umschlossenen Schutzraum gelagerten Gegenstände bzw. Verpackungen ungleichmäßig angeordnet sind. Die Ausgasung von endzündungsfördernden Gasen kann in diesem Fall oder auch bei ungünstiger Geometrie der im Schutzraum gelagerten Waren stark variieren.The above-mentioned object is further achieved in that the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases in the protective space or protective area is measured at least at one point, each with one or more sensors. Measurements at several points are necessary, for example, if the objects or packaging stored in the enclosed shelter are arranged unevenly. The outgassing of inflammation-promoting gases can vary widely in this case or even if the geometry of the goods stored in the shelter is unfavorable.
Ebenso kann die Sauerstoffkonzentration im Schutzraum an mehreren Stellen und mit einem oder mehreren Sensoren gemessen werden. Die Messung an mehreren Stellen bietet einen zusätzlichen Sicherheitsaspekt hinsichtlich ungleichmäßiger Gasverteilungen im umschlossenen Schutzraum. Weiterhin kann die Messung der Sauerstoffkonzentration mit jeweils einem oder mehreren Sensoren durchgeführt werden. Durch die Messung mit mindestens zwei Sensoren kann die Ausfallsicherheit erhöht werden.The oxygen concentration in the shelter can also be measured at several points and with one or more sensors. The measurement at several points offers an additional safety aspect with regard to uneven gas distributions in the enclosed shelter. Furthermore, the measurement of the oxygen concentration can be carried out with one or more sensors in each case. Failure safety can be increased by measuring with at least two sensors.
Darüber hinaus werden die genannten Messwerte der Konzentration von endzündungs- fördernden Gasen im Schutzraum genauso wie die Konzentration von Sauerstoff im Schutzraum mindestens einer Steuereinheit zugeleitet. Die der Steuereinheit zugeführten mehreren Messwerte können innerhalb der Steuereinheit basierend auf einem wählbaren Algorithmus ausgewertet werden. Es können eine oder mehrere Steuereinheiten vorgesehen werden. Der Vorteil bei einer mehrfachen Auslegung der Steuereinheit hegt in der erhöhten Sicherheit des Gesamtsystems. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass auch bei Ausfall einer Steuereinheit das Gesamtsystem funktionsfähig bleibt. Wird in der Steuereinheit über die Sensoren für endzündungs fördernde Gase eine steigende Konzentration endzündungs fördernder Gase festgestellt, so wird der Sollwert der Sauerstoffkonzentration weiter gesenkt, um so sicherzustellen, dass auch bei der Anwesenheit von endzündungsfördernden Gasen (z.B. Kohlenwasserstoffe) Brände und Explosionen sicher verhindert werden.In addition, the above-mentioned measured values of the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases in the shelter as well as the concentration of oxygen in the shelter are fed to at least one control unit. The multiple measured values supplied to the control unit can be evaluated within the control unit based on a selectable algorithm. One or more control units can be provided. The advantage of a multiple design of the control unit lies in the increased security of the overall system. In this way it can be ensured that the entire system remains functional even if one control unit fails. If an increasing concentration of inflammation-promoting gases is detected in the control unit via the sensors for inflammation-promoting gases, the setpoint value of the oxygen concentration is further reduced in order to ensure that fires and explosions are reliably prevented even in the presence of inflammation-promoting gases (e.g. hydrocarbons) .
Alternativ oder ergänzend kann in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen sein, dass der Sollwert der Sauerstoffkonzentration mit fallender Konzentration von entzündungs fördernden Gasen erhöht wird. Diese Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann beispielsweise eine Begehbarkeit des Schutzbereichs durch Personen oder andere Lebewesen rasch ermöglichen.As an alternative or in addition, it can advantageously be provided that the target value of the oxygen concentration is increased as the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases decreases. This development of the invention can, for example, make it possible for people or other living beings to quickly access the protected area.
In vorteilhafter Weise kann die Sauerstoffkonzentration anhand einer in der Steuereinheit abgelegten Kennlinie, zum Beispiel Fn = f(Kx), geregelt werden.The oxygen concentration can advantageously be regulated on the basis of a characteristic curve stored in the control unit, for example Fn = f (Kx).
Ferner kann eine Absenkung der Konzentration von endzündungsfördernden Gasen, die durch Ausgasungen des im Lagerraum aufbewahrten Gutes entstehen, dadurch reduziert werden, dass ein Gasaustausch beziehungsweise eine Frischluftzufuhr im Schutzraum vorgesehen wird. Auf diese Weise lässt sich zuverlässig verhindern, dass die Konzentration von endzündungsfördernden Gasen nicht durch Ausgasung kontinuierlich zunimmt und sich so das Brand- beziehungsweise Explosionsrisiko erhöht.Furthermore, a lowering of the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases, which arise due to outgassing of the goods stored in the storage room, can be reduced by providing a gas exchange or a fresh air supply in the protective room. In this way, it can be reliably prevented that the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases does not increase continuously due to outgassing, thus increasing the risk of fire or explosion.
Außerdem können im Bedarffall die Signale der Sensoren im Schutzraum drahtlos übertragen werden. Man kann auf diese Weise sich verändernden Lagermaterial- und/oder Warengeometrien im Schutzraum Rechnung tragen. Im folgendem wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anhand der Figuren näher erläutert.In addition, the signals from the sensors in the shelter can be transmitted wirelessly if necessary. In this way, changing storage material and / or goods geometries in the shelter can be taken into account. An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 Eine schematische Anordnung des Schutzraumes mit den dazugehörigen Inertgasquellen sowie den Ventil, Mess- und Steuereinrichtungen.Fig. 1 A schematic arrangement of the shelter with the associated inert gas sources and the valve, measuring and control devices.
Fig.2 Eine beispielhafte Veränderung der Sauerstoffkonzentration beeinflusst durch die Konzentration von brandfördernden Substanzen im Schutzraum.Fig. 2 An exemplary change in the oxygen concentration is influenced by the concentration of fire-promoting substances in the shelter.
In Fig. 1 ist exemplarisch die grundsätzliche Funktion des Verfahrens inklusive der dazugehörigen Kontroll- und Messinstrumente beschrieben. Das Inertgas kann aus der Inertgasquelle 2 über ein Ventil 3 und eine oder mehrere Auslassdüsen 7 in den Schutzraum 1 gelassen werden. Dabei wird die Konzentration des Inertgases in dem Schuteraum 1 über die Steuereinheit 4, die wiederum Einfluss auf das Ventil 3 nimmt, geregelt. Die Steuereinheit 4 wird so eingestellt, dass ein Grundinertisierungsniveau im Schutzraum 1 erreicht wird. Dieses Grundinertisierungsniveau verhindert zuverlässig Brände im Schutzraum 1 unter normalen Bedingungen. Unter normalen Bedingungen wird verstanden, dass sich keine erhöhten Konzentrationen von brandfördernden Substanzen Kx im Schutzraum 1 befinden. Die Steuereinheit 4 misst dazu über einen Sauerstoffsensor 5 die Sauerstoffkonzentration im Schutzraum 1 und steuert den Zustrom von Inertgas entsprechend. Mittels mindestens eines weiteren Sensors 6 wird die Anwesenheit und Konzentration von Gasen festgestellt, die von Materialausgasungen herrühren. Erhöht sich nun die Konzentration von brand- oder explosionsfördernden Gasen in der Umgebungsluft des Schutzraumes 1 (zum Beispiel durch eine erhöhte Konzentration von Kohlenwasserstoffen) so wird diese über den Sensor 6 gemessen. Dieser Messwert wird der Steuereinheit 4 zugeführt. Über eine entsprechende Kennfeldfunktion in der Steuereinheit 4 und das Ventil 3 wird die Inertgaskonzentration im Schutzraum 1 daraufhin erhöht. Der Zustrom von Inertgas wird solange fortgesetzt, bis die gewünschte niedrigere Sauerstoffkonzentration im Schutzraum, gemessen über den Sauerstoffsensor 5, erreicht ist, und ein zuverlässiger Brandschutz auch unter diesen erschwerten Bedingungen gegeben ist.The basic function of the method, including the associated control and measuring instruments, is described by way of example in FIG. 1. The inert gas can be let into the protective space 1 from the inert gas source 2 via a valve 3 and one or more outlet nozzles 7. The concentration of the inert gas in the barrage 1 is regulated by the control unit 4, which in turn influences the valve 3. The control unit 4 is set in such a way that a basic level of inertization in the shelter 1 is reached. This basic level of inertization reliably prevents fires in shelter 1 under normal conditions. Under normal conditions it is understood that there are no increased concentrations of fire-promoting substances Kx in the shelter 1. For this purpose, the control unit 4 measures the oxygen concentration in the protective space 1 via an oxygen sensor 5 and controls the inflow of inert gas accordingly. The presence and concentration of gases resulting from material outgassing are determined by means of at least one further sensor 6. If the concentration of fire or explosion-promoting gases in the ambient air of the shelter 1 now increases (for example due to an increased concentration of hydrocarbons), this is measured via the sensor 6. This measured value is fed to the control unit 4. The inert gas concentration in the protective space 1 is then increased via a corresponding map function in the control unit 4 and the valve 3. The inflow of inert gas continues until the desired lower oxygen concentration in the protective space, measured via the oxygen sensor 5, has been reached and reliable fire protection is provided even under these difficult conditions.
Die Fig. 2 zeigt exemplarisch einen möglichen Verlauf der Sauerstoffkonzentration im Schutzraum 1 in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration brandfördernder Gase Kx im Schutzraum 1. Dabei gibt das Grundinertisierungsniveau der Sauerstoffkonzentration den Level an Inertgas vor, der erforderlich ist, um unter normalen Umständen das Brand- oder Explosionsrisiko zu vermindern. Die Konzentration von Inertgas und die davon abhängige Sauerstoffkonzentration wird gemäß einer Funktion Kn=f(Kx), die in der Steuereinheit abgelegt sein kann, kontrolliert. In dieser Gleichung bedeutet2 shows an example of a possible course of the oxygen concentration in the protective room 1 as a function of the concentration of oxidizing gases Kx in the protective room 1. The basic level of inertization of the oxygen concentration specifies the level of inert gas which is required in order to or reduce the risk of explosion. The concentration of inert gas and the oxygen concentration dependent thereon is controlled in accordance with a function Kn = f (Kx), which can be stored in the control unit. In this equation means
Kn = Konzentration des InertgasesKn = concentration of the inert gas
Kx = Konzentration brandfördernder Gase.Kx = concentration of oxidizing gases.
BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list
1 Schutzbereich1 protected area
2 Inertgasquelle2 inert gas source
3 Ventil3 valve
4 Steuereinheit4 control unit
5 Sauerstoff sensor5 oxygen sensor
6 Kohlenwasserstoffsensor6 hydrocarbon sensor
7 Inertgaseintritt 7 Inert gas inlet

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Inertisierungsverfahren zur Vermeidung eines Brandes oder einer Explosion in einem umschlossenen Schutzbereich (1), bei dem der Sauerstoffgehalt im Schutzbereich gegenüber der Umgebungsluft im Schutzbereich (1) abgesenkt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sollwert der Sauerstoffkonzentration abhängig von der Konzentration von entzündungsfördernden Gasen im Schutzraum verändert wird.1. Inerting method to avoid a fire or an explosion in an enclosed protection area (1), in which the oxygen content in the protection area is reduced compared to the ambient air in the protection area (1), characterized in that the setpoint value for the oxygen concentration depends on the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases is changed in the shelter.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich net, dass die Konzentration von entzündungsfördernden Gasen im Schutzraum an einer oder mehreren Stellen mit jeweils einem oder mehreren Sensoren (6) gemessen wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases in the shelter is measured at one or more points, each with one or more sensors (6).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Konzentration von Sauerstoff in dem Schutzraum an einer oder mehreren Stellen mit jeweils einem oder mehreren Sensoren (5) gemessen wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the concentration of oxygen in the shelter at one or more points with one or more sensors (5) is measured.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messwerte der Konzentrationen von entzündungsfördernden Gasen und/oder4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the measured values of the concentrations of inflammation-promoting gases and / or
Sauerstoff an mindestens eine Steuereinheit (4) weitergeleitet werden.Oxygen can be passed on to at least one control unit (4).
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sollwert der Sauerstoffkonzentration mit steigender Konzentration von ent- zündungs fördernden Gasen gesenkt wird.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the target value of the oxygen concentration is reduced with increasing concentration of inflammation-promoting gases.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sollwert der Sauerstoffkonzentration mit fallender Konzentration von ent- zündungs fördernden Gasen erhöht wird.6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the target value of the oxygen concentration is increased with a falling concentration of inflammation-promoting gases.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinheit (4) den Sollwert der Sauerstoffkonzentration entsprechend einer in der Steuereinheit (4) abgelegten Kennlinie regelt.7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the control unit (4) controls the target value of the oxygen concentration according to a characteristic curve stored in the control unit (4).
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Konzentration von entzündungsfördernden Gasen durch Gasaustausch und/oder Frischluftzufuhr im Schutzraum (1) reduziert wird. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concentration of inflammation-promoting gases by gas exchange and / or fresh air supply in the shelter (1) is reduced.
EP06700499A 2005-01-17 2006-01-13 Inerting method for preventing fires Active EP1838396B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06700499T PL1838396T3 (en) 2005-01-17 2006-01-13 Inerting method for preventing fires

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005002172A DE102005002172A1 (en) 2005-01-17 2005-01-17 Inertization process for fire prevention
PCT/EP2006/000267 WO2006074942A1 (en) 2005-01-17 2006-01-13 Inerting method for preventing fires

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1838396A1 true EP1838396A1 (en) 2007-10-03
EP1838396B1 EP1838396B1 (en) 2009-09-23

Family

ID=36072234

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06700499A Active EP1838396B1 (en) 2005-01-17 2006-01-13 Inerting method for preventing fires

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (1) US20100012334A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1838396B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4654249B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101255387B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101119772B (en)
AT (1) ATE443543T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2006205895B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0606315A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2594796C (en)
DE (2) DE102005002172A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1838396T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2333813T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1108399A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2007008408A (en)
NO (1) NO339355B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1838396T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1838396E (en)
RU (1) RU2362600C2 (en)
TW (1) TW200702015A (en)
UA (1) UA90126C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2006074942A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2465512C1 (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-10-27 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" Device for maintaining air medium composition in sealed container
DE102011112741B4 (en) * 2011-09-07 2015-09-03 Werner Hofmann Inert gas covered closed grinding and screening plant
KR101244426B1 (en) * 2012-12-03 2013-03-18 (유)성문 Apparatus for protecting and repressing fire
EP2881149B1 (en) * 2013-12-04 2018-02-28 Amrona AG Oxygen reduction system and method for operating an oxygen reduction system
EP3558472B1 (en) 2016-12-20 2024-01-24 Carrier Corporation Fire protection system for an enclosure and method of fire protection for an enclosure
RU2748912C1 (en) * 2020-07-14 2021-06-01 Александр Вениаминович Куликов Method for safe handling of energy materials
KR102239961B1 (en) 2020-08-19 2021-04-14 포이스주식회사 Apparatus for fire suppresion for pyrophoric chemical and method thereof
RU2766144C1 (en) * 2021-05-27 2022-02-08 Александр Вениаминович Куликов Container for safe handling of energy materials
CN114306977B (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-08-09 南京昭凌精密机械有限公司 Explosion-proof system

Family Cites Families (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3770059A (en) * 1971-02-08 1973-11-06 Badger Co Explosion & fire suppression system for catalytic reactors
US3709302A (en) * 1971-07-08 1973-01-09 H Stults Self-contained foam fire extinguishing system
US4081039A (en) * 1976-10-28 1978-03-28 Brown Oil Tools, Inc. Connecting assembly and method
DE2737228A1 (en) * 1977-08-18 1979-03-01 Lga Gas & Marine Consult Gmbh DEVICE FOR UNDERWATER CONNECTION OF A FIXED LIQUID CONVEYOR LINE TO A MOVING CONNECTING LINE TO A BUOY
FR2544688B1 (en) * 1983-04-21 1986-01-17 Arles Const Metalliques MODULAR OFF-SIDE HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION, STORAGE AND LOADING SYSTEM
US4763731A (en) * 1983-09-28 1988-08-16 The Boeing Company Fire suppression system for aircraft
US4846410A (en) * 1986-04-26 1989-07-11 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Apparatus for monitoring low-level combustibles
US4899827A (en) * 1988-08-01 1990-02-13 Douglas Poole Oil well fire control system
US5437332A (en) * 1991-04-10 1995-08-01 Pfeffer; John L. Control system for wild oil and gas wells and other uncontrolled dangerous discharges
US5425886A (en) * 1993-06-23 1995-06-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy On demand, non-halon, fire extinguishing systems
DE4432346C1 (en) * 1994-09-12 1995-11-16 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Rendering stored matter inert in a silo
US5718293A (en) * 1995-01-20 1998-02-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fire extinguishing process and composition
JPH09276428A (en) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-28 Sekiko Ryo Method and system for preventing and distinguishing fire
US5904190A (en) * 1997-06-17 1999-05-18 The Regents Of The University Of California Method to prevent explosions in fuel tanks
US20020040940A1 (en) * 1998-03-18 2002-04-11 Wagner Ernst Werner Inerting method and apparatus for preventing and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces
WO2000052293A2 (en) * 1999-03-03 2000-09-08 Fmc Corporation Explosion prevention system for internal turret mooring system
DE10051662B4 (en) * 2000-10-18 2004-04-01 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Procedure for extinguishing a fire that has broken out inside a closed room
JP2003102858A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-08 Nohmi Bosai Ltd Fire prevention system for closed space
DE10152964C1 (en) * 2001-10-26 2003-08-21 Airbus Gmbh Extinguishing system for extinguishing a fire that has broken out inside the cabin or cargo hold of a passenger aircraft
DE10164293A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Wagner Alarm Sicherung Method and device for measuring the oxygen content
DE10235718B3 (en) 2002-07-31 2004-04-08 Htk Hamburg Gmbh Inertizing method for reducing fire and explosion risk in closed room, e.g. cold store, switching or control centre, submarine, bank vault, diving bell or aircraft
DE10310439B3 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-12-09 Basf Coatings Ag Process for fire and explosion protection in a high-bay warehouse for chemical hazardous substances and fire and explosion-protected high-bay warehouse
CN1533814A (en) * 2003-03-27 2004-10-06 廖赤虹 Fire disaster prevention of sealed space and fire extinguishing equipmet
CN100509088C (en) * 2003-05-26 2009-07-08 萧志福 Fireproof nitrogen supplying system for supporting human breath
ES2398958T3 (en) * 2005-01-21 2013-03-22 Amrona Ag Inerting procedure for fire prevention
DK1911498T3 (en) * 2006-10-11 2009-05-25 Amrona Ag Multistage incineration method for fire prevention and extinguishing in confined spaces
DE502007003086D1 (en) * 2007-07-13 2010-04-22 Amrona Ag Method and device for fire prevention and / or fire extinguishing indoors
KR101407873B1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2014-06-20 암로나 아게 Inertization method for reducing the risk of fire in an enclosed area and device for carrying out said method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006074942A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2008526409A (en) 2008-07-24
BRPI0606315A2 (en) 2009-06-16
CN101119772A (en) 2008-02-06
MX2007008408A (en) 2007-11-21
DK1838396T3 (en) 2010-02-01
NO20074209L (en) 2007-10-09
PL1838396T3 (en) 2010-02-26
UA90126C2 (en) 2010-04-12
PT1838396E (en) 2009-11-30
HK1108399A1 (en) 2008-05-09
NO339355B1 (en) 2016-12-05
EP1838396B1 (en) 2009-09-23
DE102005002172A1 (en) 2006-07-27
CA2594796A1 (en) 2006-07-20
ATE443543T1 (en) 2009-10-15
AU2006205895B2 (en) 2011-03-31
TW200702015A (en) 2007-01-16
DE502006004914D1 (en) 2009-11-05
KR20070102512A (en) 2007-10-18
JP4654249B2 (en) 2011-03-16
RU2007131271A (en) 2009-02-27
CA2594796C (en) 2013-07-16
AU2006205895A1 (en) 2006-07-20
KR101255387B1 (en) 2013-04-17
RU2362600C2 (en) 2009-07-27
US20100012334A1 (en) 2010-01-21
ES2333813T3 (en) 2010-03-01
CN101119772B (en) 2011-11-30
WO2006074942A1 (en) 2006-07-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1838396A1 (en) Inerting method for preventing fires
EP1683548B1 (en) Inerting method for avoiding fire
EP1062005B2 (en) Inerting method for preventing and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces
EP2173440B1 (en) Device and method for fire-prevention and for extinguishing a fire that has broken out in an enclosed area
EP1261396B1 (en) Inert rendering method with a nitrogen buffer
DE60306321T2 (en) Systems, controls and methods for detecting hazardous conditions within a housing having a ventilation system
EP2046459A1 (en) Inertization method for reducing the risk of fire in an enclosed area and device for carrying out said method
EP2881149B1 (en) Oxygen reduction system and method for operating an oxygen reduction system
EP1550482B1 (en) Inerting method for extinguishing fires
DE60021766T2 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROVIDING A GAS MIXTURE
DE102005023101B4 (en) Method for introducing an inert gas and plant for inerting
DE102009053602B4 (en) Method and device for operating a fire extinguishing system
DE10235718B3 (en) Inertizing method for reducing fire and explosion risk in closed room, e.g. cold store, switching or control centre, submarine, bank vault, diving bell or aircraft
DE102013003128B4 (en) Combat vehicle with a fire suppression system
WO2005063337A1 (en) Inertisation method for reducing the risk of fire
DE10121550B4 (en) Inerting process with nitrogen buffer
DE102006026539A1 (en) Residual gas disposing method for fuel cell system, involves introducing gas mixture into ambient air of fuel cell system, where water concentration in gas mixture is controlled on exceeding predetermined threshold value
WO2016045979A1 (en) Inert gas extinguishing system
DE1692187A1 (en) Process and system for the artificial lowering of the oxygen content for the creation of a controlled atmosphere in a refrigerated storage room for fruits and the like. like
DE202010013749U1 (en) Warning device for detecting gas
DE3318896A1 (en) Gas pressure regulator
Behr Controlling chemical hazards

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20070611

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1108399

Country of ref document: HK

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: FELBER & PARTNER AG PATENTANWAELTE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502006004914

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20091105

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20091123

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: RO

Ref legal event code: EPE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: EE

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Ref document number: E003598

Country of ref document: EE

Effective date: 20091109

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref document number: 20090402868

Country of ref document: GR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: GR

Ref document number: 1108399

Country of ref document: HK

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090923

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PL

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2333813

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090923

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref document number: E 6596

Country of ref document: SK

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100123

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HU

Ref legal event code: AG4A

Ref document number: E007389

Country of ref document: HU

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100131

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20100624

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Payment date: 20141222

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: RO

Payment date: 20141230

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20150122

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20150113

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20150109

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20150112

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: EE

Payment date: 20150113

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: BG

Payment date: 20150113

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: HU

Payment date: 20150121

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20150121

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Payment date: 20150112

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20150121

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20150121

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MM4D

Effective date: 20160113

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: EE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Ref document number: E003598

Country of ref document: EE

Effective date: 20160131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20160131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160113

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Ref document number: E 6596

Country of ref document: SK

Effective date: 20160113

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: ML

Ref document number: 20090402868

Country of ref document: GR

Effective date: 20160803

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160113

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160114

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160131

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160930

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160113

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160113

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160113

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160114

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160803

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160713

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160113

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PCAR

Free format text: NEW ADDRESS: DUFOURSTRASSE 116, 8008 ZUERICH (CH)

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20190108

Year of fee payment: 14

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20190121

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20191230

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20200121

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20200221

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20200124

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20200131

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20200121

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200113

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20200131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200131

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20210120

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20210121

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20210121

Year of fee payment: 16

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20210201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210201

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210113

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20220422

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210113

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200113

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210114

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 443543

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220113

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20220113

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220113

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220113

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220131

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210113

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20220620

Year of fee payment: 18

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230526