EP1832696A1 - Formwork element for concrete and use for a pool formwork - Google Patents

Formwork element for concrete and use for a pool formwork Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1832696A1
EP1832696A1 EP07103624A EP07103624A EP1832696A1 EP 1832696 A1 EP1832696 A1 EP 1832696A1 EP 07103624 A EP07103624 A EP 07103624A EP 07103624 A EP07103624 A EP 07103624A EP 1832696 A1 EP1832696 A1 EP 1832696A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
formwork
shuttering
concrete
elements
wall
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EP07103624A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1832696B1 (en
Inventor
Gilles Cousson
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Cofreco
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Cofreco
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
    • E04H4/0081—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls and floor cast in situ

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of concrete formwork elements and their uses for the formwork of a basin, such as for example a swimming pool.
  • Another method consists in mounting, on the horizontal concrete slab, a blockwork wall made of a mixture of cement and sand.
  • a metal frame can be inserted and concrete can be introduced into the free spaces of the blocks.
  • Such a method has the disadvantage of not guaranteeing the tightness of the wall.
  • the concrete introduced does not fill all the interstices between the blocks. Concrete vibrating techniques exist but are not compatible with the mechanical strength of cement blocks.
  • the lack of tightness of the wall requires the installation of a plastic coating of the "liner" type. This coating requires first to make a patch on the walls of the block wall.
  • a swimming pool manufacturing process described in the page "http: //www.magiline.fr/solutions_techniques_piscine.php” consists of mounting a wall with prefabricated elements of lost formwork. It is possible to cast reinforced and vibrated concrete in these prefabricated elements. The disadvantage is that these prefabricated elements remain in the wall and are not reusable. In addition to the high cost of these prefabricated elements, this method has the disadvantage of making the pool manufacturer dependent on its source of prefabricated elements. In addition, these prefabricated elements may present a risk of infiltration of the subsoil and may prevent the recycling of construction.
  • the patent application FR 2 573 802 (Philippe BACH ) describes a formwork for an enteral pool. A box is attached to the upper edge of a prefabricated wall. This formwork is filled with concrete and is used for the manufacture of only one pool.
  • the invention provides a concrete formwork element and a use of concrete formwork elements that overcome the above drawbacks.
  • the invention for the manufacture of a pond wall to be buried, reduces the amount of concrete used for the wall while reducing the amount of material remaining in the basement. In particular, in the case of pools, the invention facilitates the connection of the top of the wall with the ground level.
  • the concrete formwork element especially for a basin, comprises a formwork plate having a formwork surface and a rear surface opposite the formwork surface.
  • the formwork element comprises, at the rear of the formwork plate, at least one connecting profile fixed peripherally to the formwork surface.
  • At least one cross section of the formwork plate, in a plane perpendicular to the profile, has a lateral recess.
  • the connecting section has a contact face, perpendicular to the portion of the formwork surface where the profile is fixed, the contact face being intended to come into contact with a corresponding contact face of an adjacent formwork element.
  • the connecting section has a positioning face, provided with at least one groove parallel to the portion of the formwork surface where the profile is fixed, the groove forming a stop in a direction perpendicular to said portion of the form surface.
  • the formwork element has an elongate shape intended to be arranged horizontally for the formwork of the basin and comprises a main connection profile extending along the formwork element.
  • the cross section of the shuttering plate is constant along the main connecting profile, a portion of the shuttering plate, located away from the main profile, being offset laterally towards the back of the plate.
  • the main connecting section has a contact face, perpendicular to the portion of the formwork surface where the profile is fixed, the contact face being intended to come into contact with a corresponding contact face of a adjacent formwork element located below it.
  • the fact that the rear lateral recess is made by a given formwork element, and that it can be assembled laterally aligned with a formwork element located beneath it makes it possible to keep both a good regularity of the rear lateral recess which is independent of the mason that runs the wall, and that one also keeps a modularity of assembly potentially identical for all the elements of formwork, located one on top of the others or one beside the other. This saves assembly time formwork sections, while obtaining advantageous forms of walls.
  • the formwork element comprises ribs for mechanical reinforcement of the formwork plate.
  • the invention relates to the use of concrete formwork elements for producing a pond wall intended to be buried.
  • Two formwork elements are arranged, vis-à-vis, on both sides of the wall. At least one form element is connected at the periphery of its formwork surface to another formwork element.
  • the formwork elements are dismantled after the setting of the concrete. It is conceivable that such use, by providing the formwork elements on both sides of the wall to be made, although the wall is intended to be buried, allows both to save concrete and not to leave any material other than permanent concrete in the soil.
  • the invention also relates to a use for producing a swimming pool whose lip is flush with the ground, in which the lip is intended to receive a tessellating and has a lip edge wider than the wall and resting on the element. formwork, and in which the wall and the edge of the coping are poured together with concrete.
  • formwork and in which the wall and the edge of the coping are poured together with concrete.
  • the formwork element contributes directly to the shape of the curb and reduces the amount of concrete needed to build the wall under the curb.
  • the invention also relates to a use of a concrete formwork element for producing a watertight basin in which two adjacent formwork elements are assembled by clamping means provided with free stops. It is conceivable that in this use, the free stops of the clamping means can maintain the formwork elements despite a vibrating phase of the concrete. This allows both better sealing and better mechanical resistance to seismic risks, without the need for additional concrete.
  • the manner in which the formwork elements are interconnected is compatible with recovery of the formwork elements after the concrete vibrating.
  • two adjacent formwork elements are aligned by taking support on grooves of two positioning faces of two connecting sections of the two formwork elements, positioning laterally opposite the two positioning faces and tightening the two sections one against the other until the contact between two contact faces of said profiles.
  • a first formwork panel is assembled by aligning a plurality of formwork elements so that the formwork surfaces of each formwork element are on the same face of the formwork panel; a second formwork panel is assembled; the two shuttering panels are kept at a distance and facing each other; concrete is poured between the two formwork panels; the formwork elements are dismantled to release the concrete wall and recover said formwork elements.
  • the maintenance, relative to each other, of the two formwork panels uses axially rigid tubular devices having an adjustable radial flexibility and in which the concrete is poured when the radial flexibility of the devices is relatively steeper and the radial flexibility of said tubular devices is modified to remove them from the rigid concrete.
  • the invention also relates to a use for producing swimming pool walls rising vertically above a concrete slab, in which a plurality of heels are placed on the slab, the lower parts of the slabs are maintained.
  • first and second formwork flanges resting on opposite ends of the heels by means of abutment flanges external to the space intended to receive the concrete, the first part of the formwork is maintained vertically by means of crutches located in the interior of the swimming pool, and maintains the relative position of the upper parts of the first and second formwork sections by spacers not passing through the space for receiving the concrete.
  • a first shuttering panel 1 and a second shuttering panel 2 are arranged on either side of a space 3 intended to receive a concrete pour for the manufacture of a wall 4 of a basin such as a swimming pool 5 visible in FIG. 2.
  • the first formwork panel 1 has a substantially flat formwork face 6 facing towards the space 3.
  • the formwork panel 1 comprises a formwork element 7 and a formwork element 8 cut in the figure.
  • the shuttering panel 2 comprises, from the top to the bottom of FIG. 1, a shuttering element 9 having a lateral recess 10, a shuttering element 11 and a shuttering element 12 symmetrical with the shuttering element 8.
  • the elements 7, 8, 11 and 12 each comprise a formwork plate 13 of rectangular and flat shape visible in section in Figure 1.
  • Each formwork plate 13 has a form surface 13a turned towards the space 3 and a rear surface 13b opposite to the form surface 13a.
  • the shuttering plate 13 is surrounded by a frame 14 traversing its periphery.
  • the frame 14 consists of a profile 15 rigidly fixed to the shuttering plate 13.
  • the profile 15 has a substantially rectangular cross-section 16 extending perpendicularly towards the rear of the shuttering plate 13.
  • the profile 15 and the plate 13 can be welded steel one on the other. It is also possible to have sections 15 and plates 13 of aluminum alloy formwork fixed for example by screws with a locking means so as to withstand vibrations.
  • the cross section 16 of the section 15 has a contact face 17, located towards the outside of the frame 14, and perpendicular to the form surface 13a.
  • the cross section 16 also has a positioning face 18 located towards the inside of the frame 14.
  • the positioning face 18 comprises two female triangular grooves 19 and 19a, parallel to the shuttering plate 13 and traversing the entire interior of the frame 14.
  • a clamping and positioning tool 20 comprises two jaws 21 each provided with two male triangular shapes 22 and 22a intended to cooperate with the grooves 19 and 19a of the positioning face 18 of the two adjacent sections.
  • the two jaws 21 are articulated around an axis of rotation 23.
  • the triangular shapes 22 and 22a slide into the female grooves 19 and 19a and force these female grooves 19 and 19a to move laterally to face each other and until the corresponding contact faces 17 come into contact.
  • the two adjacent formwork elements 7-8 or 9-11 are not only rigidly attached to one another but also positioned relative to one another so that the corresponding form surfaces 13a are in the direct extension of one another.
  • the fact that the section 15 is attached to the periphery of the formwork surface 13a reduces any gap that may exist between two formwork elements thus assembled, making it virtually unnecessary to patch the concrete wall.
  • a finishing phase consists of slightly rubbing the concrete veil to smooth any traces of connection until the concrete has reached its maximum hardness.
  • the triangular shapes 22 and 22a form free stops, preventing the two adjacent formwork elements from sliding relative to each other during a possible vibrating phase of the concrete.
  • the shuttering element 9 which has the lateral recess 10.
  • the shuttering element 9 mainly comprises a shuttering plate 24 and a profile 15, previously described, which extends to the rear of the shuttering plate. formwork 24, along the lower edge of the formwork plate 24.
  • the formwork plate 24 comprises four portions.
  • a first portion 25 is intended to receive concrete and is located in the direct alignment of the shuttering plate 13 of the shuttering element 11.
  • a second portion 26 is inclined at an angle of between 90 ° and 160 ° , and for example 110 ° relative to the first portion 25 towards the rear of the shuttering element 9.
  • a third portion 27 is inclined upwards and forms with the portion 26 an angle of between 90 ° and 180 ° , and for example, an angle of 120 °.
  • a fourth portion 28 is perpendicular to the portion 25.
  • the portions 25, 26 and 27 are intended to receive concrete and constitute the formwork surface 29 of the shuttering plate 24 and together form the lateral recess 10.
  • the profile 15 s extends along the portion 25.
  • the mechanical rigidity of the shuttering plate 24 is provided by ribs 30 extending perpendicular to the portions 25 and 28 of the shuttering plate 24, and by the fourth portion 28.
  • Beams 31 connect the shuttering plate 24 to the ribs 30 and reinforces the shuttering plate 24 between two ribs 30.
  • the shuttering element 9 has a height of 30 cm, a length, in the direction perpendicular to the figure, 1.2 m and allows for a side recess 10 14 cm.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 illustrate a pool 5 made with the formwork elements described above.
  • the manufacturing process of the pool 5 consists in digging a hole 40 in the ground and then pouring a slab of reinforced concrete 41 at the bottom of the hole 40.
  • Metal reinforcements 42 traverse the horizontal slab 41 and project vertically out of the slab 41 at the places where the vertical wall is to be mounted 4.
  • a gasket 43 in progressively swelling material in the presence of water, is arranged at the place where the wall is to be mounted 4.
  • the shuttering panels 1 and 2 are assembled and maintained to one another through tubular holding devices 44.
  • the verticality of the two formwork panels 1 and 2 is provided by struts 45, metal frames 42 are introduced into the space 3 and the concrete is poured.
  • the holding devices 44 connect the shuttering elements 9, 11, 12 of the second shuttering panel 2 to the shuttering elements 7, 8 of the first shuttering panel 1.
  • the shuttering elements situated at the bottom of the wall 4 have No need to be precisely tightened and positioned relative to each other by clamping and positioning tools 20.
  • Only the formwork elements of the pan 2 located at the top of the wall and in particular the formwork element having the lateral recess 10 are associated with each other by the clamping and positioning tool 20.
  • a rigid rod 50 surrounded by a flexible sheath 51, through the space 3.
  • the rigid rod 50 is for example steel and the flexible foam sheath of polyurethane reinforced axially.
  • the rod 50 has at each of its two ends a transverse hole 52 intended to receive a key 53.
  • the key 53 protrudes radially from the flexible sheath 51 so as to act as an axial stop 54 against the shuttering panels 1 or 2.
  • the keys 53 ensure the holding in position of the two form panels 1 and 2.
  • the key 53 passes through an orifice formed in an axial protrusion 55 protruding from the formwork panel 1 or 2. In this option, the formwork panels 1, 2 are held, in both directions, at the distance desired from each other.
  • the keys 53 of the second shuttering panel 2 are removed and the rod 50 is removed axially on the side of the first shuttering panel 1.
  • the removing the rigid rod 50 lowers the radial stiffness of the tubular device 44.
  • the flexible sheath 51 can collapse on its axis and be easily removed. In the method described, the manual interventions between the edge of the earth hole 40 and the second formwork pan 2 are reduced to the maximum, most of the operations can be done from the top of the basin.
  • heels are arranged transversely on the slab 41, step by step, along the path above which the wall 4 will rise. These heels whose width is for example 15 cm may be anchored on the slab 41.
  • the slab 41 exceeds outside said pattern of a width for example 45 cm.
  • the second shuttering panel 2 located towards the outside of the pool, is assembled and positioned against the heels of the slab 41.
  • Binding straps are fixed to the vertical uprights of the frames 14 of the elements.
  • adjacent formwork located in the lower part of the second formwork panel 2.
  • brackets are fixed removably on the outer portion of the slab 41 protruding from the location of the walls of the peak. If the wall 4 comprises a lip edge, the formwork element for molding the edge of the lip is assembled in the upper part of the second formwork panel 2.
  • the first panel of formwork 1 is then assembled and positioned in abutment against the ends of the heels of the slab 41 by means of buttress stops located on the inside of the pool and fixed at the junction of the formwork elements.
  • Spacer devices are positioned between the upper parts of the first and second panels of partition distributed along the wall 4 to be constructed and distributed for example every 60 cm. These spacers comprise rods transverse to the wall 4, located above the space 3 for receiving the concrete. These spacers make it possible to adjust the width of the wall 4 in the upper part, including the possible edge of the lip.
  • the distance maintained between the two high parts of the formwork panels is for example 28 cm.
  • Stability crutches located on the inside of the pool, make it possible to adjust the verticality and alignment of all the two formwork panels 1 and 2.
  • the space 3 for receiving the concrete is not traversed by any material element. After disassembly of the formwork, the wall 4 made is directly sealed without the need to fill holes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The element (9) has a formwork plate (24) comprising a formwork surface (29) and a rear surface opposite to the formwork surface. A connecting section (15) is fixed at the periphery of the framework surface. The formwork plate has a cross section (16) with a lateral projection (10) along a plane perpendicular to the connecting section, where the lateral projection presents small width for a large part of the wall of the basin to be formed.

Description

L'invention concerne le domaine des éléments de coffrage de béton et de leurs utilisations pour le coffrage d'un bassin, tel que par exemple une piscine.The invention relates to the field of concrete formwork elements and their uses for the formwork of a basin, such as for example a swimming pool.

Il est courant d'utiliser des éléments de coffrage en génie civil pour réaliser des murs extérieurs de bâtiment. Des banches sont assemblées, le béton est coulé entre des pans de coffrage en vis-à-vis et les banches sont récupérées après la prise du béton. Les banches utilisées sont habituellement de grandes dimensions, par exemple supérieures à 2,50 mètres. Jusqu'à présent, un tel procédé de fabrication est incompatible avec la fabrication de bassins dont les murs sont destinés à être enterrés.It is common to use formwork elements in civil engineering to make exterior building walls. Panches are assembled, the concrete is poured between formwork sections facing each other and the bunds are recovered after the setting of the concrete. The boards used are usually large, for example greater than 2.50 meters. Until now, such a manufacturing process is incompatible with the manufacture of basins whose walls are intended to be buried.

Par ailleurs, il existe plusieurs procédés pour fabriquer un mur en béton avec une nervure extérieure faisant saillie du mur. Si la forme en saillie est importante, elle justifie la fabrication d'un coffrage spécifique en planches. Ce type de coffrage n'est pas réutilisable. Dans le cas de forme en saillie de petites dimensions par rapport à l'ouvrage à réaliser, on préfère utiliser des banches standard. On introduit des inserts appelés des « négatifs » dans l'espace devant recevoir la coulée de béton. Ces inserts sont retirés après coffrage. Ils sont par exemple en polyester ou en bois et ne sont pas récupérables. De plus, ces inserts ne contribuent pas à la résistance mécanique du coffrage. Ce procédé pose également un problème de raccordement entre la partie de béton coffrée par l'insert et la partie de béton coffrée par les banches qui génère des arêtes de béton nécessitant une reprise ultérieure.In addition, there are several methods for making a concrete wall with an outer rib projecting from the wall. If the protruding form is important, it justifies the manufacture of a specific formwork boards. This type of formwork is not reusable. In the case of projecting shape of small dimensions relative to the work to be done, it is preferred to use standard boards. Inserts called "negatives" are introduced into the space to receive the concrete pour. These inserts are removed after formwork. They are for example polyester or wood and are not recoverable. In addition, these inserts do not contribute to the strength of the formwork. This method also poses a connection problem between the concrete part formed by the insert and the concrete part formed by the panels which generates concrete edges requiring subsequent recovery.

On connaît également plusieurs procédés de fabrication de bassins dont les murs sont destinés à être enterrés. Le plus courant consiste à creuser un trou dans la terre, à couler une dalle de béton horizontale, à monter un pan de coffrage en planches et à couler du béton entre la terre et le pan de coffrage en planches. Ce procédé présente l'inconvénient de consommer beaucoup de béton et nécessite de refaire le coffrage à chaque bassin.Also known are several methods of manufacturing basins whose walls are intended to be buried. The most common is to dig a hole in the ground, to pour a horizontal concrete slab, to mount a piece of plank formwork and to pour concrete between the earth and the planking panel. This method has the disadvantage of consuming a lot of concrete and requires to redo the formwork to each basin.

Un autre procédé consiste à monter, sur la dalle de béton horizontale, un mur en parpaings fait d'un mélange de ciment et de sable. Une armature métallique peut être insérée et on peut introduire du béton dans les espaces libres des parpaings. Un tel procédé présente l'inconvénient de ne pas garantir l'étanchéité du mur. Le béton introduit ne remplit pas tous les interstices entre les parpaings. Des techniques de vibrage du béton existent mais ne sont pas compatibles avec la résistance mécanique des parpaings de ciment. Pour la fabrication d'une piscine, le défaut d'étanchéité du mur impose de poser un revêtement plastique de type « liner ». Ce revêtement nécessite au préalable de faire un ragréage sur les parois du mur de parpaings.Another method consists in mounting, on the horizontal concrete slab, a blockwork wall made of a mixture of cement and sand. A metal frame can be inserted and concrete can be introduced into the free spaces of the blocks. Such a method has the disadvantage of not guaranteeing the tightness of the wall. The concrete introduced does not fill all the interstices between the blocks. Concrete vibrating techniques exist but are not compatible with the mechanical strength of cement blocks. For the manufacture of a swimming pool, the lack of tightness of the wall requires the installation of a plastic coating of the "liner" type. This coating requires first to make a patch on the walls of the block wall.

Un procédé de fabrication de piscine décrit dans la page « http ://www.magiline.fr/solutions_techniques_piscine.php » consiste à monter un mur avec des éléments préfabriqués de coffrage perdu. Il est possible de couler du béton armé et vibré dans ces éléments préfabriqués. L'inconvénient est que ces éléments préfabriqués demeurent dans le mur réalisé et ne sont pas réutilisables. En plus du coût élevé de ces éléments préfabriqués, ce procédé présente l'inconvénient de rendre le constructeur de piscines dépendant de sa source d'approvisionnement d'éléments préfabriqués. De plus, ces éléments préfabriqués peuvent présenter un risque de pollution du sous-sol par infiltration et peut empêcher le recyclage de la construction.A swimming pool manufacturing process described in the page "http: //www.magiline.fr/solutions_techniques_piscine.php" consists of mounting a wall with prefabricated elements of lost formwork. It is possible to cast reinforced and vibrated concrete in these prefabricated elements. The disadvantage is that these prefabricated elements remain in the wall and are not reusable. In addition to the high cost of these prefabricated elements, this method has the disadvantage of making the pool manufacturer dependent on its source of prefabricated elements. In addition, these prefabricated elements may present a risk of infiltration of the subsoil and may prevent the recycling of construction.

Par ailleurs, la réalisation d'un bassin étanche est plus complexe dans les régions soumises à des risques sismiques. Ce risque est parfois pris en compte en faisant des bassins avec des murs plus épais que ce que nécessiterait la hauteur de liquide retenue dans le bassin. Ce procédé conduit à une surconsommation de béton.In addition, the construction of a watertight basin is more complex in regions subject to seismic risks. This risk is sometimes taken into account by making basins with walls thicker than what would be required for the height of liquid held in the basin. This process leads to overconsumption of concrete.

Dans les zones géographiques à faible risque sismique, des murs en béton de faible épaisseur pourraient suffire, surtout pour des piscines dont la hauteur d'eau est, à certains endroits, inférieure à 2,50 mètres. Pour cette utilisation, les banches des coffrages de génie civil ne sont pas utilisables. De plus, un bassin dont le mur serait étroit sur toute sa hauteur, par exemple un mur de 15 cm d'épaisseur, poserait un problème de raccordement du mur avec le niveau du sol. Le dallage des piscines se descellerait s'il était posé sur un mur étroit. Des bassins agricoles utilisent un raccordement entre le mur et le sol par une tôle métallique recouvrant le haut du mur et s'étendant sur le sol environnant. Les piscines utilisent souvent des dalles dont les dimensions courantes sont des carrés de 30 cm ou de 50 cm de côté. Les matériaux entourant les bassins sont souvent moins durs que le mur en béton. La tôle s'adapte à un tassement du terrain entourant le bassin mais s'avère inadapté à un revêtement en dallage.In areas of low seismic risk, thin concrete walls may be sufficient, especially for pools whose water level is in some places less than 2.50 meters. For this use, the forms of civil engineering formwork can not be used. In addition, a basin whose wall would be narrow over its entire height, for example a wall 15 cm thick, would pose a problem of connecting the wall with the ground level. The paving of the pools would loosen if it were placed on a narrow wall. Agricultural ponds use a connection between the wall and the ground by a metal sheet covering the top of the wall and extending over the surrounding ground. Pools often use slabs with common dimensions of 30 cm squares or 50 cm squares. The materials surrounding the basins are often less hard than the concrete wall. The sheet adapts to a settlement of the ground surrounding the basin but is unsuitable for paving.

La demande de brevet FR 2 573 802 (Philippe BACH ) décrit un coffrage pour piscine enterrable. Un caisson est fixé au bord supérieur d'une paroi préfabriqué. Ce coffrage est rempli de béton et ne sert à la fabrication que d'une seule piscine.The patent application FR 2 573 802 (Philippe BACH ) describes a formwork for an enteral pool. A box is attached to the upper edge of a prefabricated wall. This formwork is filled with concrete and is used for the manufacture of only one pool.

L'invention propose un élément de coffrage de béton et une utilisation d'éléments de coffrage de béton qui remédient aux inconvénients précédents. L'invention pour la fabrication d'un mur de bassin destiné à être enterré, permet de réduire la quantité de béton utilisée pour le mur tout en réduisant la quantité de matériaux restant à demeure dans le sous-sol. En particulier, dans le cas des piscines, l'invention facilite le raccordement du haut du mur avec le niveau du sol.The invention provides a concrete formwork element and a use of concrete formwork elements that overcome the above drawbacks. The invention for the manufacture of a pond wall to be buried, reduces the amount of concrete used for the wall while reducing the amount of material remaining in the basement. In particular, in the case of pools, the invention facilitates the connection of the top of the wall with the ground level.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'élément de coffrage de béton, notamment pour bassin, comprend une plaque de coffrage présentant une surface coffrante et une surface arrière opposée à la surface coffrante. L'élément de coffrage comprend, à l'arrière de la plaque de coffrage, au moins un profilé de raccordement fixé à périphérie de la surface coffrante. Au moins une section droite de la plaque coffrage, selon un plan perpendiculaire au profilé, présente un décrochement latéral.According to one embodiment of the invention, the concrete formwork element, especially for a basin, comprises a formwork plate having a formwork surface and a rear surface opposite the formwork surface. The formwork element comprises, at the rear of the formwork plate, at least one connecting profile fixed peripherally to the formwork surface. At least one cross section of the formwork plate, in a plane perpendicular to the profile, has a lateral recess.

On conçoit, qu'équipé d'un profilé de raccordement en périphérie de la surface coffrante, un tel élément de coffrage sera démontable après la prise du béton et susceptible d'être réutilisé pour la réalisation ultérieure d'un autre bassin. Cela évite de laisser des éléments de coffrage à demeure dans le sous-sol. De plus, le décrochement latéral de la surface coffrante permet d'avoir une largeur moins importante pour une grande partie du mur du bassin tout en conservant une largeur importante à un endroit souhaité du bassin. Cela permet de réduire la quantité de béton nécessaire à la fabrication du bassin.It is conceivable, that equipped with a connecting profile on the periphery of the formwork surface, such a formwork element will be removable after setting the concrete and may be reused for the subsequent realization of another basin. This avoids leaving formwork elements in the basement. In addition, the lateral recess of the formwork surface allows a smaller width for a large part of the wall of the basin while maintaining a large width at a desired location of the basin. This reduces the amount of concrete needed to make the pond.

Avantageusement, le profilé de raccordement présente une face de contact, perpendiculaire à la portion de la surface coffrante où est fixé le profilé, la face de contact étant destinée à entrer en contact avec une face de contact correspondante d'un élément de coffrage adjacent.Advantageously, the connecting section has a contact face, perpendicular to the portion of the formwork surface where the profile is fixed, the contact face being intended to come into contact with a corresponding contact face of an adjacent formwork element.

Avantageusement, le profilé de raccordement présente une face de positionnement, munie d'au moins une rainure parallèle à la portion de la surface coffrante où est fixé le profilé, la rainure formant une butée selon une direction perpendiculaire à ladite portion de la surface coffrante.Advantageously, the connecting section has a positioning face, provided with at least one groove parallel to the portion of the formwork surface where the profile is fixed, the groove forming a stop in a direction perpendicular to said portion of the form surface.

Avantageusement, l'élément de coffrage présente une forme allongée destinée à être disposée horizontalement pour le coffrage du bassin et comprend un profilé de raccordement principal s'étendant le long de l'élément de coffrage. La section droite de la plaque de coffrage est constante le long du profilé de raccordement principal, une portion de la plaque de coffrage, située à distance du profilé principal, étant décalée latéralement vers l'arrière de la plaque.Advantageously, the formwork element has an elongate shape intended to be arranged horizontally for the formwork of the basin and comprises a main connection profile extending along the formwork element. The cross section of the shuttering plate is constant along the main connecting profile, a portion of the shuttering plate, located away from the main profile, being offset laterally towards the back of the plate.

Avantageusement, le profilé de raccordement principal présente une face de contact, perpendiculaire à la portion de la surface coffrante où est fixé le profilé, la face de contact étant destinée à entrer en contact avec une face de contact correspondante d'un élément de coffrage adjacent situé au dessous de lui. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le fait que le décrochement latéral arrière soit réalisé par un élément de coffrage donné, et que celui-ci puisse être assemblé aligné latéralement avec un élément de coffrage situé sous lui fait que l'on conserve à la fois une bonne régularité du décrochement latéral arrière qui est indépendant du maçon qui coule le mur, et que l'on conserve également une modularité d'assemblage potentiellement identique pour tous les éléments de coffrage, situé les uns au dessus des autres ou les uns à côté des autres. Cela permet de gagner du temps d'assemblage des pans de coffrage, tout en obtenant des formes avantageuses de murs.Advantageously, the main connecting section has a contact face, perpendicular to the portion of the formwork surface where the profile is fixed, the contact face being intended to come into contact with a corresponding contact face of a adjacent formwork element located below it. In this embodiment, the fact that the rear lateral recess is made by a given formwork element, and that it can be assembled laterally aligned with a formwork element located beneath it makes it possible to keep both a good regularity of the rear lateral recess which is independent of the mason that runs the wall, and that one also keeps a modularity of assembly potentially identical for all the elements of formwork, located one on top of the others or one beside the other. This saves assembly time formwork sections, while obtaining advantageous forms of walls.

Avantageusement, l'élément de coffrage comprend des nervures de renforcement mécanique de la plaque coffrante.Advantageously, the formwork element comprises ribs for mechanical reinforcement of the formwork plate.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, elle concerne une utilisation d'éléments de coffrage de béton pour la réalisation d'un mur de bassin destiné à être enterré. Deux éléments de coffrage sont disposés, en vis-à-vis, de part et d'autre du mur. Au moins un élément de coffrage est relié en périphérie de sa surface coffrante à un autre élément de coffrage. Les éléments de coffrage sont démontés après la prise du béton. On conçoit qu'une telle utilisation, en disposant des éléments de coffrage des deux cotés du mur à réaliser, bien que le mur soit destiné à être enterré, permet à la fois d'économiser du béton et de ne pas laisser de matériau autre que du béton à demeure dans le sol.According to one aspect of the invention, it relates to the use of concrete formwork elements for producing a pond wall intended to be buried. Two formwork elements are arranged, vis-à-vis, on both sides of the wall. At least one form element is connected at the periphery of its formwork surface to another formwork element. The formwork elements are dismantled after the setting of the concrete. It is conceivable that such use, by providing the formwork elements on both sides of the wall to be made, although the wall is intended to be buried, allows both to save concrete and not to leave any material other than permanent concrete in the soil.

L'invention concerne également une utilisation pour la réalisation d'une piscine dont une margelle affleure au niveau du sol, dans laquelle la margelle est destinée à recevoir un dallage et présente un rebord de margelle plus large que le mur et reposant sur l'élément de coffrage, et dans laquelle le mur et le rebord de margelle sont coulés ensemble avec du béton. On conçoit que dans cette utilisation, l'élément de coffrage contribue directement à la forme de la margelle et permet de réduire la quantité de béton nécessaire à l'édification du mur sous la margelle.The invention also relates to a use for producing a swimming pool whose lip is flush with the ground, in which the lip is intended to receive a tessellating and has a lip edge wider than the wall and resting on the element. formwork, and in which the wall and the edge of the coping are poured together with concrete. We understand that in this use, the formwork element contributes directly to the shape of the curb and reduces the amount of concrete needed to build the wall under the curb.

L'invention concerne également une utilisation d'un élément de coffrage de béton pour la réalisation d'un bassin étanche dans laquelle deux éléments de coffrages adjacents sont assemblés par des moyens de serrage munis de butées franches. On conçoit que dans cette utilisation, les butées franches des moyens de serrage permettent de maintenir les éléments de coffrage malgré une phase de vibrage du béton. Cela permet à la fois d'obtenir une meilleure étanchéité et une meilleure résistance mécanique aux risques sismiques, sans nécessiter de béton supplémentaire. La manière dont sont reliés entre eux les éléments de coffrage est compatible avec récupération des éléments de coffrage après le vibrage du béton.The invention also relates to a use of a concrete formwork element for producing a watertight basin in which two adjacent formwork elements are assembled by clamping means provided with free stops. It is conceivable that in this use, the free stops of the clamping means can maintain the formwork elements despite a vibrating phase of the concrete. This allows both better sealing and better mechanical resistance to seismic risks, without the need for additional concrete. The manner in which the formwork elements are interconnected is compatible with recovery of the formwork elements after the concrete vibrating.

Avantageusement, deux éléments de coffrage adjacents sont alignés en prenant appuis sur des rainures de deux faces de positionnement de deux profilés de raccordement des deux éléments de coffrage, en positionnant latéralement en regard les deux faces de positionnement et en serrant les deux profilés l'un contre l'autre jusqu'au contact entre deux faces de contact desdits profilés.Advantageously, two adjacent formwork elements are aligned by taking support on grooves of two positioning faces of two connecting sections of the two formwork elements, positioning laterally opposite the two positioning faces and tightening the two sections one against the other until the contact between two contact faces of said profiles.

Avantageusement, on assemble un premier pan de coffrage en alignant une pluralité d'éléments de coffrage de manière que les surfaces coffrantes de chaque élément de coffrage soient sur une même face du pan de coffrage ; on assemble un deuxième pan de coffrage; on maintient les deux pans de coffrage à distance et en regard l'un de l'autre ; on coule du béton entre les deux pans de coffrage ; on démonte les éléments de coffrage pour libérer le mur en béton et récupérer lesdits éléments de coffrage.Advantageously, a first formwork panel is assembled by aligning a plurality of formwork elements so that the formwork surfaces of each formwork element are on the same face of the formwork panel; a second formwork panel is assembled; the two shuttering panels are kept at a distance and facing each other; concrete is poured between the two formwork panels; the formwork elements are dismantled to release the concrete wall and recover said formwork elements.

Avantageusement, le maintien, l'un par rapport à l'autre, des deux pans de coffrage utilise des dispositifs tubulaires rigides axialement et présentant une souplesse radiale réglable et dans lequel on coule le béton lorsque la souplesse radiale des dispositifs est relativement plus raide et on modifie la souplesse radiale desdits dispositifs tubulaires pour les retirer du béton rigide.Advantageously, the maintenance, relative to each other, of the two formwork panels uses axially rigid tubular devices having an adjustable radial flexibility and in which the concrete is poured when the radial flexibility of the devices is relatively steeper and the radial flexibility of said tubular devices is modified to remove them from the rigid concrete.

Selon une variante, l'invention concerne également une utilisation pour la réalisation de murs de piscine s'élevant verticalement au-dessus d'une dalle en béton, dans laquelle on dispose une pluralité de talons sur la dalle, on maintient les parties basses des premier et deuxième pans de coffrage en appui sur des extrémités opposées des talons grâce à des brides de butonnage extérieures à l'espace destiné à recevoir le béton, on maintient verticalement le premier pan de coffrage grâce à des béquilles situées à l'intérieure de la piscine, et on maintient la position relative des parties hautes des premier et deuxièmes pans de coffrage grâce à des écarteurs ne traversant pas l'espace destiné à recevoir le béton.According to a variant, the invention also relates to a use for producing swimming pool walls rising vertically above a concrete slab, in which a plurality of heels are placed on the slab, the lower parts of the slabs are maintained. first and second formwork flanges resting on opposite ends of the heels by means of abutment flanges external to the space intended to receive the concrete, the first part of the formwork is maintained vertically by means of crutches located in the interior of the swimming pool, and maintains the relative position of the upper parts of the first and second formwork sections by spacers not passing through the space for receiving the concrete.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée de quelques modes de réalisation pris à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et illustrés par les dessins annexés selon lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une coupe transversale de deux pans de coffrage utilisant un élément de coffrage selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une perspective cavalière d'une piscine réalisée selon un élément de coffrage et une utilisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une coupe transversale d'une piscine illustrant une utilisation d'un élément de coffrage de béton; et
  • la figure 4 est un dispositif de maintien l'un par rapport à l'autre de deux pans de coffrage.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description of some embodiments taken as non-limiting examples and illustrated by the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a cross section of two formwork panels using a formwork element according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a pool made according to a formwork element and a use of the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a cross section of a swimming pool illustrating a use of a concrete form element; and
  • Figure 4 is a holding device relative to one another two formwork panels.

Comme illustré sur la figure 1, un premier pan de coffrage 1 et un deuxième pan de coffrage 2 sont disposés de part et d'autre d'un espace 3 destiné à recevoir une coulée de béton pour la fabrication d'un mur 4 d'un bassin tel qu'une piscine 5 visible en figure 2. Le premier pan de coffrage 1 présente une face de coffrage 6 sensiblement plane tournée vers l'espace 3. Le pan de coffrage 1 comprend un élément de coffrage 7 et un élément de coffrage 8 coupés sur la figure. Le pan de coffrage 2 comprend, du haut vers le bas de la figure 1, un élément de coffrage 9 présentant un décrochement latéral 10, un élément de coffrage 11 et un élément de coffrage 12 symétrique de l'élément de coffrage 8. Les éléments de coffrage 7, 8, 11 et 12 comprennent chacun une plaque de coffrage 13 de forme rectangulaire et plate visible en coupe sur la figure 1. Chaque plaque de coffrage 13 présente une surface coffrante 13a tournée vers l'espace 3 et une surface arrière 13b opposée à la surface coffrante 13a. La plaque de coffrage 13 est entourée par un cadre 14 parcourant sa périphérie. Le cadre 14 est constitué d'un profilé 15 rigidement fixé à la plaque de coffrage 13. Le profilé 15 présente une section droite 16 sensiblement rectangulaire s'étendant perpendiculairement vers l'arrière de la plaque de coffrage 13. Le profilé 15 et la plaque 13 peuvent être en acier soudés l'un sur l'autre. Il est aussi possible d'avoir des profilés 15 et des plaques 13 de coffrage en alliage d'aluminium fixés par exemple par vis avec un moyen de blocage de manière à résister aux vibrations.As illustrated in FIG. 1, a first shuttering panel 1 and a second shuttering panel 2 are arranged on either side of a space 3 intended to receive a concrete pour for the manufacture of a wall 4 of a basin such as a swimming pool 5 visible in FIG. 2. The first formwork panel 1 has a substantially flat formwork face 6 facing towards the space 3. The formwork panel 1 comprises a formwork element 7 and a formwork element 8 cut in the figure. The shuttering panel 2 comprises, from the top to the bottom of FIG. 1, a shuttering element 9 having a lateral recess 10, a shuttering element 11 and a shuttering element 12 symmetrical with the shuttering element 8. The elements 7, 8, 11 and 12 each comprise a formwork plate 13 of rectangular and flat shape visible in section in Figure 1. Each formwork plate 13 has a form surface 13a turned towards the space 3 and a rear surface 13b opposite to the form surface 13a. The shuttering plate 13 is surrounded by a frame 14 traversing its periphery. The frame 14 consists of a profile 15 rigidly fixed to the shuttering plate 13. The profile 15 has a substantially rectangular cross-section 16 extending perpendicularly towards the rear of the shuttering plate 13. The profile 15 and the plate 13 can be welded steel one on the other. It is also possible to have sections 15 and plates 13 of aluminum alloy formwork fixed for example by screws with a locking means so as to withstand vibrations.

La section droite 16 du profilé 15 présente une face de contact 17, située vers l'extérieur du cadre 14, et perpendiculaire à la surface coffrante 13a. La section droite 16 présente également une face de positionnement 18 située vers l'intérieur du cadre 14. La face de positionnement 18 comprend deux rainures triangulaires femelles 19 et 19a, parallèles à la plaque de coffrage 13 et parcourant tout l'intérieur du cadre 14.The cross section 16 of the section 15 has a contact face 17, located towards the outside of the frame 14, and perpendicular to the form surface 13a. The cross section 16 also has a positioning face 18 located towards the inside of the frame 14. The positioning face 18 comprises two female triangular grooves 19 and 19a, parallel to the shuttering plate 13 and traversing the entire interior of the frame 14.

On va maintenant décrire le mode d'assemblage de deux éléments de coffrage adjacents 7-8 ou 9-11. Un outil de serrage et de positionnement 20 comprend deux mâchoires 21 munies chacune de deux formes triangulaires mâles 22 et 22a destinées à coopérer avec les rainures 19 et 19a de la face de positionnement 18 des deux profilés adjacents. Les deux mâchoires 21 sont articulées autour d'un axe de rotation 23. Lorsque les mâchoires 21 sont approchées l'une de l'autre et serrent le profilé 15 de chacun des deux éléments de coffrage adjacents, les formes triangulaires 22 et 22a glissent dans les rainures femelles 19 et 19a et forcent ces rainures femelles 19 et 19a à se déplacer latéralement pour être en regard l'une de l'autre et ce, jusqu'à ce que les faces de contact 17 correspondantes entrent en contact. Les deux éléments de coffrage adjacents 7-8 ou 9-11 sont, non seulement fixés rigidement l'un à l'autre, mais également positionnés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que les surfaces coffrantes 13a correspondantes soient dans le prolongement direct l'une de l'autre. Le fait que le profilé 15 soit fixé à la périphérie de la surface coffrante 13a permet de réduire l'éventuel interstice pouvant subsister entre deux éléments de coffrage ainsi assemblés, rendant quasi inutile un ragréage du mur de béton. Lors du décoffrage, lorsque les éléments de coffrage sont retirés du mur, une phase de finition consiste à frotter légèrement le voile de béton pour lisser les éventuelles traces de raccordement tant que le béton n'a pas atteint sa dureté maximale. Les formes triangulaires 22 et 22a forment des butées franches, empêchant les deux éléments de coffrage adjacents de glisser l'un par rapport à l'autre lors d'une phase de vibrage éventuel du béton.The method of assembling two adjacent formwork elements 7-8 or 9-11 will now be described. A clamping and positioning tool 20 comprises two jaws 21 each provided with two male triangular shapes 22 and 22a intended to cooperate with the grooves 19 and 19a of the positioning face 18 of the two adjacent sections. The two jaws 21 are articulated around an axis of rotation 23. When the jaws 21 are approached from one another and clamp the profile 15 of each of the two adjacent formwork elements, the triangular shapes 22 and 22a slide into the female grooves 19 and 19a and force these female grooves 19 and 19a to move laterally to face each other and until the corresponding contact faces 17 come into contact. The two adjacent formwork elements 7-8 or 9-11 are not only rigidly attached to one another but also positioned relative to one another so that the corresponding form surfaces 13a are in the direct extension of one another. The fact that the section 15 is attached to the periphery of the formwork surface 13a reduces any gap that may exist between two formwork elements thus assembled, making it virtually unnecessary to patch the concrete wall. When dismantling, when the formwork elements are removed from the wall, a finishing phase consists of slightly rubbing the concrete veil to smooth any traces of connection until the concrete has reached its maximum hardness. The triangular shapes 22 and 22a form free stops, preventing the two adjacent formwork elements from sliding relative to each other during a possible vibrating phase of the concrete.

On va maintenant décrire l'élément de coffrage 9 qui présente le décrochement latéral 10. L'élément de coffrage 9 comprend principalement une plaque de coffrage 24 et un profilé 15, précédemment décrit, qui s'étend à l'arrière de la plaque de coffrage 24, le long du bord inférieur de la plaque de coffrage 24. La plaque de coffrage 24 comprend quatre portions. Une première portion 25 est destinée à recevoir du béton et est située dans l'alignement direct de la plaque de coffrage 13 de l'élément de coffrage 11. Une deuxième portion 26 est inclinée, d'un angle compris entre 90° et 160°, et par exemple de 110° par rapport à la première portion 25 vers l'arrière de l'élément de coffrage 9. Une troisième portion 27 est inclinée vers le haut et forme avec la portion 26 un angle compris entre 90° et 180°, et par exemple, un angle de 120°. Enfin, une quatrième portion 28 est perpendiculaire à la portion 25. Les portions 25, 26 et 27 sont destinées à recevoir du béton et constituent la surface coffrante 29 de la plaque de coffrage 24 et forment ensemble le décrochement latéral 10. Le profilé 15 s'étend le long de la portion 25. La rigidité mécanique de la plaque de coffrage 24 est assurée par des nervures 30 s'étendant perpendiculairement aux portions 25 et 28 de la plaque de coffrage 24, ainsi que par la quatrième portion 28. Des poutrelles 31 relient la plaque de coffrage 24 aux nervures 30 et vient renforcer la plaque de coffrage 24 entre deux nervures 30. A titre d'exemple, l'élément de coffrage 9 a une hauteur de 30 cm, une longueur, dans le sens perpendiculaire à la figure, de 1,2 m et permet de réaliser un décrochement latéral 10 de 14 cm.We will now describe the shuttering element 9 which has the lateral recess 10. The shuttering element 9 mainly comprises a shuttering plate 24 and a profile 15, previously described, which extends to the rear of the shuttering plate. formwork 24, along the lower edge of the formwork plate 24. The formwork plate 24 comprises four portions. A first portion 25 is intended to receive concrete and is located in the direct alignment of the shuttering plate 13 of the shuttering element 11. A second portion 26 is inclined at an angle of between 90 ° and 160 ° , and for example 110 ° relative to the first portion 25 towards the rear of the shuttering element 9. A third portion 27 is inclined upwards and forms with the portion 26 an angle of between 90 ° and 180 ° , and for example, an angle of 120 °. Finally, a fourth portion 28 is perpendicular to the portion 25. The portions 25, 26 and 27 are intended to receive concrete and constitute the formwork surface 29 of the shuttering plate 24 and together form the lateral recess 10. The profile 15 s extends along the portion 25. The mechanical rigidity of the shuttering plate 24 is provided by ribs 30 extending perpendicular to the portions 25 and 28 of the shuttering plate 24, and by the fourth portion 28. Beams 31 connect the shuttering plate 24 to the ribs 30 and reinforces the shuttering plate 24 between two ribs 30. For example, the shuttering element 9 has a height of 30 cm, a length, in the direction perpendicular to the figure, 1.2 m and allows for a side recess 10 14 cm.

L'alignement entre deux éléments de coffrage du type 9, présentant un décrochement latéral 10 et situé côte à côte l'un de l'autre est assuré par la rigidité propre des éléments de coffrage 9. Un orifice 32 ménagé dans des nervures 30, situées aux extrémités de l'élément de coffrage 9, permet d'aligner deux éléments de coffrage 9 côte à côte.The alignment between two formwork elements of the type 9, having a lateral recess 10 and situated side by side from one another is ensured by the inherent rigidity of the formwork elements 9. An orifice 32 formed in the ribs 30, located at the ends of the shuttering element 9 makes it possible to align two shuttering elements 9 side by side.

Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent une piscine 5 réalisée avec les éléments de coffrage précédemment décrits. Le procédé de fabrication de la piscine 5 consiste à creuser un trou 40 dans la terre puis à couler une dalle de béton armé 41 au fond du trou 40. Des armatures métalliques 42 parcourent la dalle horizontale 41 et font saillie verticalement hors de la dalle 41 aux endroits où doit être monté le mur vertical 4. Un joint 43, en matériau gonflant progressivement en présence d'eau, est disposé à l'endroit où doit être monté le mur 4. Les pans de coffrage 1 et 2 sont assemblés et maintenus l'un à l'autre grâce à des dispositifs de maintien tubulaires 44. La verticalité des deux pans de coffrage 1 et 2 est assurée par des étais 45, des armatures métalliques 42 sont introduites dans l'espace 3 et le béton est coulé.Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a pool 5 made with the formwork elements described above. The manufacturing process of the pool 5 consists in digging a hole 40 in the ground and then pouring a slab of reinforced concrete 41 at the bottom of the hole 40. Metal reinforcements 42 traverse the horizontal slab 41 and project vertically out of the slab 41 at the places where the vertical wall is to be mounted 4. A gasket 43, in progressively swelling material in the presence of water, is arranged at the place where the wall is to be mounted 4. The shuttering panels 1 and 2 are assembled and maintained to one another through tubular holding devices 44. The verticality of the two formwork panels 1 and 2 is provided by struts 45, metal frames 42 are introduced into the space 3 and the concrete is poured.

Les dispositifs de maintien 44 relient les éléments de coffrage 9, 11, 12 du deuxième pan de coffrage 2 aux éléments de coffrage 7, 8 du premier pan de coffrage 1. Ainsi, les éléments de coffrage situés en bas du mur 4 n'ont pas besoin d'être précisément serrés et positionnés les uns par rapport aux autres par des outils de serrage et de positionnement 20. Seuls les éléments de coffrage du pan 2 situés en haut du mur et notamment l'élément de coffrage présentant le décrochement latéral 10, sont associés l'un à l'autre par l'outil de serrage et de positionnement 20.The holding devices 44 connect the shuttering elements 9, 11, 12 of the second shuttering panel 2 to the shuttering elements 7, 8 of the first shuttering panel 1. Thus, the shuttering elements situated at the bottom of the wall 4 have No need to be precisely tightened and positioned relative to each other by clamping and positioning tools 20. Only the formwork elements of the pan 2 located at the top of the wall and in particular the formwork element having the lateral recess 10 , are associated with each other by the clamping and positioning tool 20.

Une fois le béton du mur 4 devenu rigide, les interventions manuelles pour démonter le deuxième pan de coffrage 2 sont réduites, il suffit de desserrer les outils de serrage et de positionnement 20 situés en partie haute du mur 4, de retirer les dispositifs de maintien 44 en intervenant manuellement sur le premier pan de coffrage 1 à l'intérieur de la piscine 5 puis de retirer chacun des éléments de coffrage ainsi désolidarisés les uns des autres. Les trous 46 laissés libres par le retrait des dispositifs de maintien 44 sont bouchés en intervenant depuis l'intérieur de la piscine 5. L'espace entre le trou 40 et le mur 4 est comblé par du matériau de remplissage 47 tel que des cailloux. Le mur 4 réalisé présente un rebord de margelle 48 permettant de recevoir des dalles standard 49. Ainsi, la dalle 49, reposant sur le mur 4 ne se casse pas car, grâce au rebord de margelle 48, elle bénéficie d'une surface d'appuis adaptée à sa largeur. Les dalles 49, directement posées sur le matériau de remplissage 47 ne se cassent pas non plus car la dureté du sol sur lequel elles appuient, est homogène.Once the concrete wall 4 become rigid, manual interventions to dismantle the second formwork pan 2 are reduced, simply loosen the clamping tools and positioning 20 located at the top of the wall 4, to remove the holding devices 44 by manually intervening on the first shuttering panel 1 inside the pool 5 and then removing each of the elements of formwork thus disengaged from each other. The holes 46 left free by the withdrawal of the holding devices 44 are plugged by intervening from the inside of the pool 5. The space between the hole 40 and the wall 4 is filled by filling material 47 such as pebbles. The wall 4 produced has a lip edge 48 for receiving standard slabs 49. Thus, the slab 49, resting on the wall 4 does not break because, thanks to the lip edge 48, it has a surface area of supports adapted to its width. The slabs 49, directly placed on the filling material 47 do not break either because the hardness of the soil on which they support, is homogeneous.

On va maintenant décrire un mode de réalisation possible du dispositif de maintien tubulaire 44. Une tige rigide 50, entourée d'une gaine souple 51, traverse l'espace 3. La tige rigide 50 est par exemple en acier et la gaine souple en mousse de polyuréthane renforcée axialement. La tige 50 présente à chacune de ses deux extrémités un trou transversal 52 destiné à recevoir une clavette 53. La clavette 53 fait saillie radialement de la gaine souple 51 de manière à servir de butée axiale 54 contre les pans de coffrage 1 ou 2. Lorsque l'espace 3 est rempli de béton et que les pans de coffrage 1, 2 sont soumis à une pression intérieure tendant à les écarter l'un de l'autre, les clavettes 53 assurent le maintien en position des deux pans de coffrage 1 et 2. Dans une option, la clavette 53 traverse un orifice ménagé dans une excroissance axiale 55 faisant saillie du pan de coffrage 1 ou 2. Dans cette option, les pans de coffrage 1, 2 sont maintenus, dans les deux sens, à la distance souhaitée l'un de l'autre.We will now describe a possible embodiment of the tubular holding device 44. A rigid rod 50, surrounded by a flexible sheath 51, through the space 3. The rigid rod 50 is for example steel and the flexible foam sheath of polyurethane reinforced axially. The rod 50 has at each of its two ends a transverse hole 52 intended to receive a key 53. The key 53 protrudes radially from the flexible sheath 51 so as to act as an axial stop 54 against the shuttering panels 1 or 2. When the space 3 is filled with concrete and the shuttering panels 1, 2 are subjected to an internal pressure tending to separate them from one another, the keys 53 ensure the holding in position of the two form panels 1 and 2. In one option, the key 53 passes through an orifice formed in an axial protrusion 55 protruding from the formwork panel 1 or 2. In this option, the formwork panels 1, 2 are held, in both directions, at the distance desired from each other.

Après que le béton, coulé dans l'espace 3, est devenu rigide, les clavettes 53 du deuxième pan de coffrage 2 sont retirées puis la tige 50 est retirée axialement du côté du premier pan de coffrage 1. Le fait de retirer la tige rigide 50 abaisse la raideur radiale du dispositif tubulaire 44. La gaine souple 51 peut s'effondrer sur son axe et être facilement retirée. Dans le procédé décrit, les interventions manuelles entre le rebord du trou 40 de terre et le deuxième pan de coffrage 2 sont réduites au maximum, l'essentiel des opérations pouvant se faire depuis le haut du bassin.After the concrete, poured into the space 3, has become rigid, the keys 53 of the second shuttering panel 2 are removed and the rod 50 is removed axially on the side of the first shuttering panel 1. The removing the rigid rod 50 lowers the radial stiffness of the tubular device 44. The flexible sheath 51 can collapse on its axis and be easily removed. In the method described, the manual interventions between the edge of the earth hole 40 and the second formwork pan 2 are reduced to the maximum, most of the operations can be done from the top of the basin.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le fait que des pans de coffrage soient utilisés par un assemblage d'éléments de coffrage fixés rigidement les uns aux autres, démontables et récupérables après coffrage, permet d'utiliser la rigidité des pans de coffrage pour s'affranchir des dispositifs de maintien tubulaire 44 précédemment décrits.In another embodiment of the invention, the fact that formwork panels are used by an assembly of shuttering elements rigidly fixed to each other, removable and recoverable after formwork, makes it possible to use the rigidity of the panels of formwork to overcome the tubular holding devices 44 previously described.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, des talons sont disposés transversalement sur la dalle 41, de proche en proche, le long du tracé au-dessus duquel va s'élever le mur 4. Ces talons dont la largeur est par exemple de 15 cm peuvent être ancrés sur la dalle 41. La dalle 41 dépasse à l'extérieur dudit tracé d'une largeur par exemple de 45 cm.In this embodiment, heels are arranged transversely on the slab 41, step by step, along the path above which the wall 4 will rise. These heels whose width is for example 15 cm may be anchored on the slab 41. The slab 41 exceeds outside said pattern of a width for example 45 cm.

Le deuxième pan de coffrage 2, situé vers l'extérieur de la piscine, est assemblé et positionné contre les talons de la dalle 41. Des brides de butonnage, non représentées sur la figure, sont fixées sur les montants verticaux des cadres 14 des éléments de coffrage adjacents situés en partie basse du deuxième pan de coffrage 2. Ces brides de butonnage sont fixées de manière démontable sur la partie extérieure de la dalle 41 dépassant de l'emplacement des murs de la picsine. Si le mur 4 comprend un rebord de margelle, l'élément de coffrage permettant de mouler le rebord de margelle est assemblé en partie haute du deuxième pan de coffrage 2.The second shuttering panel 2, located towards the outside of the pool, is assembled and positioned against the heels of the slab 41. Binding straps, not shown in the figure, are fixed to the vertical uprights of the frames 14 of the elements. adjacent formwork located in the lower part of the second formwork panel 2. These brackets are fixed removably on the outer portion of the slab 41 protruding from the location of the walls of the peak. If the wall 4 comprises a lip edge, the formwork element for molding the edge of the lip is assembled in the upper part of the second formwork panel 2.

Le premier pan de coffrage 1 est ensuite assemblé et positionné en appui contre les extrémités des talons de la dalle 41 grâce à des butées de butonnage situées du côté intérieur de la piscine et fixées à la jonction des éléments de coffrage.The first panel of formwork 1 is then assembled and positioned in abutment against the ends of the heels of the slab 41 by means of buttress stops located on the inside of the pool and fixed at the junction of the formwork elements.

Des dispositifs écarteurs sont positionnés entre les parties hautes des premier et deuxième pans de coffrage réparties le long du mur 4 à construire et répartis par exemple tous les 60 cm. Ces écarteurs comprennent des tiges transversales par rapport au mur 4, situées au-dessus de l'espace 3 destiné à recevoir le béton. Ces écarteurs permettent de régler la largeur du mur 4 en partie haute, incluant l'éventuel rebord de margelle. La distance maintenue entre les deux parties hautes des pans de coffrage est par exemple de 28 cm.Spacer devices are positioned between the upper parts of the first and second panels of partition distributed along the wall 4 to be constructed and distributed for example every 60 cm. These spacers comprise rods transverse to the wall 4, located above the space 3 for receiving the concrete. These spacers make it possible to adjust the width of the wall 4 in the upper part, including the possible edge of the lip. The distance maintained between the two high parts of the formwork panels is for example 28 cm.

Des béquilles de stabilité, situées du côté intérieur de la piscine, permettent de régler la verticalité et l'alignement de l'ensemble des deux pans de coffrage 1 et 2.Stability crutches, located on the inside of the pool, make it possible to adjust the verticality and alignment of all the two formwork panels 1 and 2.

Lorsque le béton coulé dans l'espace 3 est devenu rigide, les béquilles de stabilité ainsi que les brides de butonnage sont démontées de la dalle 41, puis l'ensemble des éléments de coffrage est démonté et retiré pour être réutilisé.When the concrete poured into the space 3 has become rigid, the stability supports and the brackets are dismounted from the slab 41, then all the formwork elements are removed and removed for reuse.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'espace 3 destiné à recevoir le béton n'est traversé par aucun élément matériel. Après démontage du coffrage, le mur 4 réalisé est directement étanche sans qu'il y ait besoin de reboucher des trous.In this embodiment, the space 3 for receiving the concrete is not traversed by any material element. After disassembly of the formwork, the wall 4 made is directly sealed without the need to fill holes.

Claims (12)

Elément de coffrage (9) de béton, notamment pour bassin (5), comprenant une plaque de coffrage (24) présentant une surface coffrante (29) et une surface arrière opposée à la surface coffrante (29), l'élément de coffrage (9) comprenant, à l'arrière de la plaque de coffrage (24), au moins un profilé (15) de raccordement fixé à périphérie de la surface coffrante (29), caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une section droite (16) de la plaque de coffrage (24), selon un plan perpendiculaire au profilé (15), présente un décrochement latéral (10).Concrete formwork element (9), in particular for a basin (5), comprising a shuttering plate (24) having a form surface (29) and a rear surface opposite the form surface (29), the formwork element ( 9) comprising, at the rear of the shuttering plate (24), at least one connecting profile (15) fixed at the periphery of the formwork surface (29), characterized in that at least one straight section (16) ) of the shuttering plate (24), in a plane perpendicular to the profile (15), has a lateral recess (10). Elément de coffrage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le profilé de raccordement (15) présente une face de contact (17), perpendiculaire à la portion (25) de la surface coffrante (29) où est fixé le profilé (15), la face de contact (17) étant destinée à entrer en contact avec une face de contact correspondante d'un élément de coffrage adjacent (11).Formwork element according to claim 1, wherein the connecting profile (15) has a contact face (17), perpendicular to the portion (25) of the form surface (29) where the profile (15) is fixed, the contact face (17) being intended to come into contact with a corresponding contact face of an adjacent formwork element (11). Elément de coffrage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le profilé de raccordement (15) présente une face de positionnement (18), munie d'au moins une rainure (19, 19a) parallèle à la portion (25) de la surface coffrante (29) où est fixé le profilé 15, la rainure (19) formant une butée selon une direction perpendiculaire à ladite portion (25) de la surface coffrante (29).Shuttering element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting profile (15) has a positioning face (18) provided with at least one groove (19, 19a) parallel to the portion (25) of the surface formwork (29) where is fixed the profile 15, the groove (19) forming a stop in a direction perpendicular to said portion (25) of the form surface (29). Elément de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, présentant une forme allongée et comprenant un profilé (15) de raccordement principal s'étendant le long de l'élément de coffrage (9), dans lequel la section droite de la plaque de coffrage (24) est constante le long du profilé (15) de raccordement principal, une portion (27) de la plaque de coffrage (24), située à distance du profilé (15) principal, étant décalée latéralement vers l'arrière de la plaque (24).A formwork element according to any one of the preceding claims, having an elongated shape and comprising a main connecting profile (15) extending along the formwork element (9), wherein the cross-section of the formwork member formwork (24) is constant along the main connection profile (15), a portion (27) of the shuttering plate (24) located at a distance from the profile (15) being laterally offset towards the rear of the plate (24). Elément de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant des nervures (30) de renforcement mécanique de la plaque de coffrage (24).Shuttering element according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising ribs (30) for mechanical reinforcement of the shuttering plate (24). Utilisation d'éléments de coffrage (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) de béton dont au moins un est selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 pour la réalisation d'un mur (4) de bassin (5) destiné à être enterré, caractérisée par le fait que deux éléments de coffrage (8, 12) sont disposés, en vis-à-vis, de part et d'autre d'un espace (3) destiné à recevoir le béton, qu'au moins un élément de coffrage (9, 12) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 est relié en périphérie de sa surface coffrante (29, 13a) à un autre élément de coffrage (11) et que les éléments de coffrage (9, 11, 12) sont démontés après la prise du béton.Use of concrete formwork elements (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) of which at least one is according to one of claims 1 to 5 for the production of a wall (4) of basin (5) intended to be buried, characterized in that two formwork elements (8, 12) are arranged, facing each other, on either side of a space (3) intended to receive the concrete, that at least a shuttering element (9, 12) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is connected at the periphery of its form surface (29, 13a) to another shuttering element (11) and that the shuttering elements (9, 11, 12) are dismounted after the setting of the concrete. Utilisation selon la revendication 6, pour la réalisation d'une piscine (5) dont une margelle (4) affleure au niveau du sol, dans laquelle la margelle (4) est destinée à recevoir un dallage (49) et présente un rebord de margelle (48) plus large que le mur (4) et reposant sur l'élément de coffrage (9), et dans laquelle le mur (4) et le rebord de margelle (48) sont coulés ensemble avec du béton.Use according to claim 6, for the production of a pool (5) with a lip (4) flush with the ground, in which the lip (4) is intended to receive a tiling (49) and has a lip edge (48) wider than the wall (4) and resting on the formwork element (9), and wherein the wall (4) and the lip edge (48) are cast together with concrete. Utilisation selon la revendication 6 ou 7 pour la réalisation d'un bassin étanche (5) dans laquelle deux éléments de coffrages adjacents (7-8, 9-11, 11-12) sont assemblés par des moyens de serrage (20) munis de butées franches (22, 22a).Use according to claim 6 or 7 for producing a watertight basin (5) in which two adjacent formwork elements (7-8, 9-11, 11-12) are assembled by clamping means (20) provided with free stops (22, 22a). Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans laquelle deux éléments de coffrage adjacents (7-8, 9-11, 11-12) sont alignés en prenant appui sur des rainures (19) de deux faces de positionnement (18) de deux profilés de raccordement (15) des deux éléments de coffrage (7-8, 9-11, 11-12), en positionnant latéralement en regard les deux faces de positionnement (18) et en serrant les deux profilés (15) l'un contre l'autre jusqu'au contact entre deux faces de contact (17) desdits profilés (15).Use according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein two adjacent formwork members (7-8, 9-11, 11-12) are aligned bearing on grooves (19) of two locating faces (18). ) of two connecting sections (15) of the two shuttering elements (7-8, 9-11, 11-12), positioning laterally facing the two positioning faces (18) and clamping the two sections (15) against each other until contact between two contact faces (17) of said profiles (15). Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9 dans laquelle on assemble un premier pan de coffrage (1) en alignant une pluralité d'éléments de coffrage (7, 8) de manière que les surfaces coffrantes de chaque élément de coffrage soient sur une même face (6) du pan de coffrage (1) ; on assemble un deuxième pan de coffrage (2) ; on maintient les deux pans de coffrage (1, 2) à distance et en regard l'un de l'autre ; on coule du béton entre les deux pans de coffrage (1, 2) ; on démonte les éléments de coffrage (7-8, 9-11, 11-12) pour libérer le mur (4) en béton et récupérer lesdits éléments de coffrage (7-8, 9-11, 11-12).Use according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in which a first shuttering panel (1) is assembled by aligning a plurality of shuttering elements (7, 8) so that the shuttering surfaces of each shuttering element are on one and the same face (6) of the shuttering panel (1); a second formwork panel (2) is assembled; the two shuttering panels (1, 2) are kept at a distance and facing each other; pouring concrete between the two formwork panels (1, 2); the formwork elements (7-8, 9-11, 11-12) are removed to release the concrete wall (4) and recover said formwork elements (7-8, 9-11, 11-12). Utilisation selon la revendication 10, dans lequel le maintien, l'un par rapport à l'autre, des deux pans de coffrage (1, 2) utilise des dispositifs tubulaires (44), rigides axialement et présentant une souplesse radiale réglable et dans lequel on coule le béton lorsque la souplesse radiale des dispositifs est relativement plus raide et on modifie la souplesse radiale desdits dispositifs tubulaires (44) pour les retirer du béton rigide.Use according to Claim 10, in which the holding, with respect to each other, of the two shuttering panels (1, 2) uses tubular devices (44) which are rigid axially and have an adjustable radial flexibility and in which the concrete is poured when the radial flexibility of the devices is relatively steeper and the radial flexibility of said tubular devices (44) is modified to remove them from the rigid concrete. Utilisation selon la revendication 10, pour la réalisation de murs (4) de piscine s'élevant verticalement au-dessus d'une dalle (41) en béton, dans laquelle on dispose une pluralité de talons sur la dalle (41), on maintient les parties basses des premier et deuxième pans de coffrage (1, 2) en appui sur des extrémités opposées des talons grâce à des brides de butonnage extérieures à l'espace (3) destiné à recevoir le béton, on maintient verticalement le premier pan de coffrage grâce à des béquilles de stabilité situées à l'intérieur de la piscine, on maintient la position relative des parties hautes des premier et deuxième pans de coffrage (1, 2) grâce à des écarteurs ne traversant pas l'espace (3) destiné à recevoir le béton.Use according to claim 10, for the production of swimming pool walls (4) rising vertically above a slab (41) made of concrete, in which a plurality of heels are placed on the slab (41), it is maintained the lower parts of the first and second formwork panels (1, 2) resting on opposite ends of the beads by means of bolstering flanges external to the space (3) intended to receive the concrete, the first part of the wall is held vertically. formwork thanks to stability crutches located inside the pool, we maintain the relative position of the high parts of the first and second formwork sections (1, 2) thanks to spacers that do not pass through the space (3) intended to receive the concrete.
EP07103624.8A 2006-03-10 2007-03-06 Formwork element for concrete and use for a pool formwork Active EP1832696B1 (en)

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FR0602129A FR2898371B1 (en) 2006-03-10 2006-03-10 CONCRETE FORMWORK ELEMENT AND USE FOR FORMING A BASIN.

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2923072A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-05-01 Societat D Obres I Freballs Su Making a liner for a pool, tank or containment enclosure of a nuclear power plant, comprises placing metal plates with anchor elements parallel to a first wall at a predetermined distance, and placing a rail between the anchor elements
FR2960251A1 (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-25 Pierre Vidal Water basin construction method for e.g. semi-inground swimming pool, involves fixing shuttering panels with concrete flagstone, and filling, with insulating material, empty spaces partially separating walls of shuttering panels

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3748810A (en) * 1971-03-24 1973-07-31 Mattingly Inc Method of swimming pool manufacture
FR2526841A1 (en) * 1982-05-13 1983-11-18 Molinengo Daniel Supports for swimming pool shuttering panels - comprise internal structure secured to external structure which runs along rails
EP0553030A1 (en) * 1992-01-24 1993-07-28 Cofreco Arrangement for connecting and aligning shuttering panels
FR2717848A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-29 Desjoyaux Piscines Panel for the creation of retention basins.
DE19801232A1 (en) * 1998-01-15 1999-07-22 Frank Gorus Concrete swimming pool construction method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3748810A (en) * 1971-03-24 1973-07-31 Mattingly Inc Method of swimming pool manufacture
FR2526841A1 (en) * 1982-05-13 1983-11-18 Molinengo Daniel Supports for swimming pool shuttering panels - comprise internal structure secured to external structure which runs along rails
EP0553030A1 (en) * 1992-01-24 1993-07-28 Cofreco Arrangement for connecting and aligning shuttering panels
FR2717848A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-29 Desjoyaux Piscines Panel for the creation of retention basins.
DE19801232A1 (en) * 1998-01-15 1999-07-22 Frank Gorus Concrete swimming pool construction method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2923072A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-05-01 Societat D Obres I Freballs Su Making a liner for a pool, tank or containment enclosure of a nuclear power plant, comprises placing metal plates with anchor elements parallel to a first wall at a predetermined distance, and placing a rail between the anchor elements
FR2960251A1 (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-25 Pierre Vidal Water basin construction method for e.g. semi-inground swimming pool, involves fixing shuttering panels with concrete flagstone, and filling, with insulating material, empty spaces partially separating walls of shuttering panels

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FR2898371A1 (en) 2007-09-14
FR2898371B1 (en) 2010-10-08
EP1832696B1 (en) 2016-07-27

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