EP1827716A1 - Procede de traitemend d'un materiau polymere, dispositif pour la mise en oevre de ce procede et utilisation de ce dispositif au traitement de corps creux - Google Patents
Procede de traitemend d'un materiau polymere, dispositif pour la mise en oevre de ce procede et utilisation de ce dispositif au traitement de corps creuxInfo
- Publication number
- EP1827716A1 EP1827716A1 EP05850613A EP05850613A EP1827716A1 EP 1827716 A1 EP1827716 A1 EP 1827716A1 EP 05850613 A EP05850613 A EP 05850613A EP 05850613 A EP05850613 A EP 05850613A EP 1827716 A1 EP1827716 A1 EP 1827716A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- treating
- article
- mbar
- gas
- plasma
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/62—Plasma-deposition of organic layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/14—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by electrical means
- B05D3/141—Plasma treatment
- B05D3/142—Pretreatment
- B05D3/144—Pretreatment of polymeric substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment processes of polymeric material objects, these objects being intended for the packaging of gaseous products, liquid or solid, or the packaging of mixtures of such products.
- the invention more particularly relates to techniques for deposition on the surface of polymeric materials using a precursor gas vapor chemically activated by an electric discharge under a reduced atmosphere, in order to modify the physicochemical properties of the surface.
- said object made of polymeric material.
- the method according to the invention finds an application and an important industrial interest in that it makes it possible to reduce the diffusion of gases and liquids through the wall of the polymer object.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible in particular to improve the barrier properties of HDPE containers vis-à-vis gasoline, White Spirit (refined petroleum distillation cup, containing less than 0.05% of benzene) , water, n-butyl acetate, oxygen.
- White Spirit refined petroleum distillation cup, containing less than 0.05% of benzene
- the process of the invention finds, in particular, a major industrial interest in that it makes it possible to increase the hydrocarbon diffusion barrier properties obtained by low-pressure plasma deposition on a given polymer material, by electric discharge under a reduced atmosphere.
- a fluorinated gas or a gaseous composition comprising at least one fluorinated gas.
- Polymeric materials are light, flexible, resistant, less expensive and easier to install compared to metals or glasses.
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the resistance of these polymers is too low for their use to be possible in the packaging of certain solvents and low molecular weight volatile compounds, certain acids such as acetic acid, or surfactant solutions.
- Such products packaged in a container of polymeric material may degrade both the surface of the container in contact with said product and, on the other hand, various properties of the polymeric material thus leading in time to irreversible mechanical embrittlement of said container.
- This operation of depositing a thin-film material on such substrates made of polymeric material can be carried out for example by high vacuum vapor deposition (commonly referred to as PVD, Physical Vapor Deposition) or plasma deposition under primary vacuum
- PCVD Plasma Chemical Vapor
- the techniques for depositing a thin film material by plasmas consist in using a gas or a gaseous mixture from which the atomic elements forming the molecular structure of said layered material are present.
- Such gases or gas mixtures are called precursors.
- This (s) gas. is (are) introduced into a reaction chamber in the state of vapor at low pressure and then decomposed (s) by an electric discharge thus forming the plasma.
- the plasma vapor thus created releases atoms and molecules that are more or less unstable but very which recombine and condense in a thin layer on the surface of the polymer to be coated.
- HMDSO hexamethyldisiloxane
- Fluorinated thin-film material deposits on polymer surfaces improve the hydrocarbon diffusion barrier effect of said polymer surface (see US 4869,922)
- the use of the plasma deposition technique can be very advantageous and constitute an extremely interesting alternative to the conventional fluorination method.
- said conventional fluorination method conventionally consists in exposing the polymer material surface to a fluorinated gas under precise pressure and temperature conditions, for a very long time, up to several hours.
- Plasma deposition makes it possible to obtain hydrocarbon diffusion barrier performances comparable to those obtained by conventional fluorination, while using however very small amounts of precursor gas and generally very long completion times. shorter.
- gases or gas mixtures used in this case must change the energy state and sometimes even the chemical state of the polymer surface without, if possible, causing the growth of a thin layer of an amorphous material.
- gases it is possible to cite, in a non exhaustive, argon, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen or a combination of these gases.
- the coating on polymeric material is obtained at low pressure from a gaseous plasma of 1,1,1-tetrafluoroethane (C 2 H 2 F 4 , or H 2 FC-CF 3 ), a mixture conventionally designated by the name HFC R134a.
- a gaseous plasma of 1,1,1-tetrafluoroethane C 2 H 2 F 4 , or H 2 FC-CF 3
- HFC R134a 1,1,1-tetrafluoroethane
- the coating of polymeric material is obtained at low pressure from a gaseous plasma of pentafluoroethane (C 2 HF 5 or HF 2 C-CF 3), produced conventionally designated under the name HFC R125.
- the invention makes it possible, inter alia, to obtain a coating having barrier properties to several compounds simultaneously under very advantageous technical-economical conditions.
- the inventors have surprisingly discovered that the improvement of the hydrocarbon diffusion barrier properties obtained by low pressure plasma deposition on a given polymer material can vary in a very wide range of gain, which may range from one to several tens, depending on the fluorinated gas or the gaseous composition comprising at least one fluorinated gas brought to the plasma state employed, and this for otherwise identical operating conditions (flow rate). gases, pressure, temperature, electric discharge power for plasma generation, plasma generation technique, duration of plasma application).
- gas comprising at least one fluorinated gas.
- the inventors have also discovered that, surprisingly, it can be extremely advantageous to make a first deposition layer and then proceed with the deposition of the fluorinated layer, without being able to explain it clearly.
- the authors propose carrying out a first hydrogenated amorphous carbon deposition with a low-pressure acetylene gas brought to the plasma state, and then producing a second fluorinated carbon deposit using a plasma of R134 (C 2 H 2 F 4 , or H 2 FC-CF 3 or Tetrafluoroethane-1, 1,1,2)
- R134 C 2 H 2 F 4 , or H 2 FC-CF 3 or Tetrafluoroethane-1, 1,1,2
- reaction fluids used are inert, not dangerous and inexpensive, which makes the invention very advantageous from one point of time. from an economic point of view.
- the inventors have also been able to verify that the production of the second fluorinated layer from the gas R134 is particularly interesting because the hydrogen and / or the hydrogenated molecules released by this precursor, by their incorporation in said second fluorinated layer, very substantially improve the stability of the layer.
- the second fluorinated layer was made from other fluorocarbon gases such as C 2 F 6 , C ⁇ F or C 4 Fs which generally require the addition of hydrogen or else from other fluorinated gases which are a priori similar to R134 gas.
- the polymer surface for which it is desired to improve the hydrocarbon diffusion barrier properties is introduced into a vacuum-tight treatment chamber.
- the emptying of the air initially contained in said treatment chamber is carried out by conventional pumping means up to a vacuum level of between 0.001 mbar and 1 mbar; preferentially below 0.1 mbar.
- the gas or gas mixture is released near the polymer surface which has been introduced into the treatment chamber which will be called the treatment zone.
- All the reactions described above which occur in the entire volume defined by the presence of the plasma also occurs in the immediate vicinity of the polymer. They depend on a certain number of process parameters such as the pressure or even the nature of the energy used to create the plasma for example but also and mainly of the gas or gaseous mixture used.
- the energies used for the creation of said plasma may be derived from a DC voltage, a high frequency RF, a radio frequency (13.46 MHz and its harmonics for example) or even microwaves (915 MHz , 2,450 MHz).
- the volume densities of power involved are between 0.01 W / cm 3 and 10 W / cm 3 , but preferably between 0.1 W / cm 3 and 3 W / cm 3 .
- the frequencies preferentially used are those, industrial, of 40 kHz, 13.56 MHz and 2450 MHz.
- the plasma state then has the effect of bringing into a partial ionization state of said gas or gas mixture.
- the particles resulting from these excitation and decomposition mechanisms can then be recombined with one another to result in more or less unstable particles which can then condense on the surface of the polymer which is immersed in this plasma mixture, or condense on the surface of the polymer.
- a sufficient plasma phase time which can be between a second and a few minutes but preferably at least one second and at most thirty seconds, the application of energy is stopped which stops any generation of plasma.
- a second deposition cycle is performed by reproducing according to the cycle described above from a new gas or gas mixture.
- the first cycle may be a step of preparing the surface of the polymer which consists in "chemically cleaning" said surface of the polymer.
- the polymer surface is prepared by preferably using an argon plasma or an argon + hydrogen mixture.
- the inventors have also found that it could be advantageous to use a carbon dioxide plasma to increase the number of oxidized sites on the surface of the favorable polymer, in particular to obtain better performance of the oxygen barrier deposits by example.
- the pressure conditions are then between 0.01 mbar and 5 mbar, but preferably between 0.05 mbar and 1 mbar.
- the power conditions are those described above and the plasma preparation times are generally between 1 second and 30 seconds depending on the nature of the polymer surface to be prepared.
- the barrier layer or the various sub-layers constituting the barrier layer are deposited.
- this barrier layer may consist of a single layer or the superposition of two or more layers of different chemical nature.
- the inventors produce two types of sub-layers: a first sublayer of hydrogenated amorphous carbon and a second sublayer of fluorinated amorphous carbon.
- the first sublayer of hydrogenated amorphous carbon is produced from acetylene gas, the beneficial feature of which is a more or less significant collapse of the pressure when this gas is put into a plasma state, thus favoring the obtaining of a more stable deposit. homogeneous.
- the second fluorinated amorphous carbon sublayer is made from the precursor gas R134 of chemical formulation C 2 F4H 2 or from the precursor gas R125 of chemical formulation C 2 FsH according to the application.
- R125 is used in some cases, because it allows a better stability and chemical resistance in particular to products having a significant surfactant effect.
- HDPE High Density Polyethylene
- Rectangular means a container whose wall is of a thickness of at least one mm as is the case in the present example.
- Such a container is placed in a cylindrical metal processing chamber connected to a microwave emitting device emitting at 2450 MHz with conventional standard size waveguide means.
- the device makes it possible to produce a differential pressure between the internal volume of the container and the external volume so that the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure. In this way, if the external pressure is large enough, the generation of plasma is only inside the container and the deposit is then formed on the inner wall of the latter.
- the treatment of the container is in several stages.
- the pumping circuit is in communication with the treatment chamber and the internal volume of the polymer container.
- Vacuum is achieved using a conventional vacuum prime pump.
- the pressure inside the container is reduced to a pressure of less than 0.05 mbar while the outside pressure is maintained at about 30 mbar.
- a mixing flow of argon gas and hydrogen is introduced into the container in proportions 90/10 although this is not a requirement so that the internal pressure is found at a value between 0.05 and
- a microwave energy is then applied with a power of about 200 W, which allows the creation a surface preparation plasma maintained for a period of 6 seconds. After this time, the microwave energy and the gas mixture flow rate are cut off.
- a flow of acetylene gas is introduced into the container so that the internal pressure is found at a value between 0.05 and 0.3 mbar.
- Microwave energy is then applied with a power of about 300 W, which allows the creation of a deposition plasma maintained for a period of one second.
- a flow of gas R134 is introduced into the container so that the internal pressure is found at a value between 0.05 and 0.3 mbar.
- Microwave energy is then applied with a power of about 300 W, which allows the creation of a deposition plasma maintained for a period of six seconds. After this time, the microwave energy and the gas flow are cut off.
- the pumping circuit is isolated from the treatment chamber and the internal volume of the polymer container.
- the treatment chamber and the polymer container are returned to atmospheric pressure.
- the containers are filled with a liquid load of about 100 grams, then their openings are closed with a heat-sealable aluminum film.
- the containers are placed in study at 40 ° C. for a certain time.
- the permeability is measured by weighing at regular intervals of at least 1 day over a period that may extend over several months. Loss of product by diffusion through the wall of the container is then expressed in mg / day.
- Oxygen permeability is measured with an OXTRAN (MOCON) device for a period of at least 24 hours.
- the permeability is expressed in this case in cmVday.
- the product loss values are given after a conditioning time (in days) indicated in parentheses.
- the containers thus treated have shown a very good barrier to several compounds such as gasoline, white spirit, water, n-butyl acetate, oxygen.
- a greater or lesser part of said product is trapped in the mass of the polymer thus resulting in weight gain.
- Flexible means a container whose wall is of a thickness less than 1 mm as is the case in this example for which the thickness is 0.5 mm.
- Such a container is placed in a cylindrical metal processing chamber connected to a microwave emitting device emitting at 2450 MHz with conventional standard size waveguide means.
- the power is adjusted in each phase in relation to the surface to be treated.
- the containers thus treated have shown a very good barrier to several compounds such as gasoline, White Spirit, water, n-Butyl acetate, oxygen and conventional hydrocarbons.
- such untreated containers have a hydrocarbon diffusion barrier of 3000 mg / day, whereas these same treated containers have a hydrocarbon diffusion barrier of 25 mg / day at 40 ° C. .
- HDPE High Density Polyethylene
- Such a container is placed in a cylindrical metal processing chamber connected to a microwave emitting device emitting at 2450 MHz with conventional standard size waveguide means.
- the power is adjusted in each phase in relation to the surface to be treated.
- the containers thus treated have shown a very good barrier to several compounds such as gasoline, White Spirite, water, n-butyl acetate, oxygen and conventional hydrocarbons.
- such untreated containers have a 1400 mg / day white spirit diffusion barrier, whereas these same treated containers have a barrier to diffusion of 15 mg / day at 40 0 C and after 2 months of maceration.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0413862A FR2880027B1 (fr) | 2004-12-23 | 2004-12-23 | Procede de traitement d'un materiau polymere, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede et utilisation de ce dispositif au traitement de corps creux |
| PCT/FR2005/003277 WO2006070136A1 (fr) | 2004-12-23 | 2005-12-23 | Procede de traitement d'un materiau polymere, dispositif pour ia mise en œuvre de ce procede et utilisation de ce dispositif au traitement de corps creux |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1827716A1 true EP1827716A1 (fr) | 2007-09-05 |
| EP1827716B1 EP1827716B1 (fr) | 2014-05-21 |
Family
ID=34953812
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05850613.0A Expired - Lifetime EP1827716B1 (fr) | 2004-12-23 | 2005-12-23 | Procédé de traitement d'un matériau polymère, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et utilisation de ce dispositif au traitement de corps creux |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080081129A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1827716B1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0519402A2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2490594T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2880027B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2006070136A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2384470T3 (es) * | 2006-08-23 | 2012-07-05 | Europlasma Nv | Método para pretratar materiales plásticos compuestos reforzados con fibras antes de pintarlos y método para aplicar una capa de pintura sobre los materiales plásticos compuestos reforzados con fibras |
| GB2460843A (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-16 | Consort Medical Plc | Cold plasma polymer coated pressurised dispensing apparatus |
| EP3680029B1 (fr) * | 2019-01-09 | 2023-06-07 | Europlasma nv | Procédé de polymérisation à plasma et procédé de revêtement d'un substrat avec un polymère |
| FR3091875B1 (fr) | 2019-01-17 | 2021-09-24 | Innovative Systems Et Tech Isytech | Procédé et dispositif de traitement pour le dépôt d’un revêtement à effet barrière |
| IL312016A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2024-06-01 | Adama Makhteshim Ltd | Method and preparation for reducing solvent release and odor from agrochemical formulations |
| BE1032534A1 (nl) | 2025-06-30 | 2025-11-10 | Delta Eng | Werkwijze voor de behandeling van een oppervlak van een polymeermateriaal |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4900622A (en) * | 1986-09-18 | 1990-02-13 | Tdk Corporation | Magnetic recording medium |
| EP0598409B1 (fr) * | 1989-02-14 | 1998-11-18 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Procédé pour fabriquer un dispositif semi-conducteur |
| DE4318086A1 (de) * | 1993-06-01 | 1994-12-08 | Kautex Werke Gmbh | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen einer polymeren Deckschicht in Kunststoff-Hohlkörpern |
| EP0705149B1 (fr) * | 1993-06-01 | 1998-06-03 | Kautex Textron GmbH & Co. KG. | Procede d'application d'un revetement polymere sur la surface interieure de corps creux en matiere plastique |
| DE4318084A1 (de) * | 1993-06-01 | 1994-12-08 | Kautex Werke Gmbh | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen einer polymeren Deckschicht in Kunststoff-Hohlkörpern |
| US5521351A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1996-05-28 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Method and apparatus for plasma surface treatment of the interior of hollow forms |
| JP3630831B2 (ja) * | 1995-04-03 | 2005-03-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | 堆積膜の形成方法 |
| DE59505516D1 (de) * | 1995-04-28 | 1999-05-06 | Inpro Innovations Gmbh | Verfahren zu plasmagestützten Herstellung multifunktionaler Schichten auf Kunststoffteilen |
| US5674621A (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1997-10-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Fuser members with an outermost layer of a fluorinated diamond like carbon |
| US6132813A (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-10-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | High density plasma surface modification for improving antiwetting properties |
| AU1606101A (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-30 | Lam Research Corporation | Materials and gas chemistries for processing systems |
| JP2002100623A (ja) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-04-05 | Fuji Daiichi Seisakusho:Kk | 薄膜半導体製造装置 |
| US20030070608A1 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-17 | Buschbeck Hans Martin | Method for producing components and ultrahigh vacuum CVD reactor |
| GB0125380D0 (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2001-12-12 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Medicament dispenser |
| US7087305B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2006-08-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Fuser member with tunable gloss level and methods and apparatus for using the same to fuse toner images |
| EP1572786A2 (fr) * | 2002-11-12 | 2005-09-14 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Procede et dispositif permettant de deposer un revetement plasma sur un contenant |
| EP1595913A1 (fr) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-11-16 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (SA) | Procédé pour la préparation d' un élément creux de système de carburant |
-
2004
- 2004-12-23 FR FR0413862A patent/FR2880027B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-12-23 ES ES05850613.0T patent/ES2490594T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-12-23 BR BRPI0519402-4A patent/BRPI0519402A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-23 WO PCT/FR2005/003277 patent/WO2006070136A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-23 US US11/793,968 patent/US20080081129A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-23 EP EP05850613.0A patent/EP1827716B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006070136A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1827716B1 (fr) | 2014-05-21 |
| FR2880027A1 (fr) | 2006-06-30 |
| WO2006070136A1 (fr) | 2006-07-06 |
| ES2490594T3 (es) | 2014-09-04 |
| FR2880027B1 (fr) | 2007-04-20 |
| BRPI0519402A2 (pt) | 2009-01-20 |
| US20080081129A1 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
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