EP1826396B1 - Common rail fuel injection system - Google Patents

Common rail fuel injection system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1826396B1
EP1826396B1 EP06124129A EP06124129A EP1826396B1 EP 1826396 B1 EP1826396 B1 EP 1826396B1 EP 06124129 A EP06124129 A EP 06124129A EP 06124129 A EP06124129 A EP 06124129A EP 1826396 B1 EP1826396 B1 EP 1826396B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
fuel
pressure
valve
common rail
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP06124129A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1826396A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Kessler
Stephan Tafel
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1826396A1 publication Critical patent/EP1826396A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/04—Means for damping vibrations or pressure fluctuations in injection pump inlets or outlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/04—Fuel pressure pulsation in common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/31—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements
    • F02M2200/315—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements for damping fuel pressure fluctuations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0043—Two-way valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a common rail fuel system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a common rail fuel system is, for example, by the DE 197 53 072 A1 known.
  • Common rail fuel systems are known from the market, in which the fuel is conveyed from a fuel tank via an electric pre-feed pump to a mechanically driven high-pressure pump. This compresses the fuel to a very high pressure and further promotes it in a high-pressure fuel storage, which is also referred to as a "common rail". To these several injectors are connected, which inject the fuel directly into their associated combustion chambers.
  • the injection processes through the individual injectors are pulsed. This only very brief outflow of fuel from the rail via the injectors can cause significant pressure fluctuations or pressure oscillations in the rail. These pressure oscillations continue in those areas of the common rail fuel system that are directly connected to the rail, for example, to other injectors. In other words, the operation of an injector leads to a pressure oscillation in the rail, which influences the metering accuracy of the other injectors.
  • Object of the present invention is to realize in a common rail fuel system of the type mentioned another embodiment of the valve device.
  • the valve device is arranged fluidically in a delivery line between the fuel pump and the rail.
  • a valve device fluidically in a return line between the rail and, for example, a low pressure region, but this would considerably reduce the efficiency of the common rail fuel system. This effect is avoided by inventive arrangement between the fuel pump and rail.
  • the valve device is arranged in a bypass line to a delivery line between the fuel pump and rail and the bypass line connected to a hydraulic storage volume.
  • the main supply of the Rails ie the setting of the prevailing in this mean fuel pressure, directly on the promotion of the fuel from the fuel pump via the delivery line to the rail.
  • the "alternating portion" of the fuel pressure in the rail is reduced by the hydraulic storage volume, which is switched by means of the valve device depending on the high-frequency pressure oscillations more or less (at a pressure relief valve valve device) or digitally (at a switching valve valve device).
  • the valve device may comprise, for example, a pressure relief valve. This is then controlled by a signal which is modulated according to the pressure oscillations to be damped. In this way, even low-frequency pressure oscillations can be smoothed relatively clean.
  • a simple design variant comprises a valve device with a switching valve.
  • the fuel flow delivered to the rail by the fuel pump is "clocked" in accordance with the pressure vibrations to be damped.
  • FIG. 1 a common rail fuel system collectively bears the reference numeral 10. It belongs to an internal combustion engine, which, however, is not shown in detail. The internal combustion engine in turn serves to drive a motor vehicle, which in FIG. 1 also not shown.
  • the common rail fuel system 10 includes a fuel tank 12 from which an electric feed pump 14 delivers the fuel to a high pressure fuel pump 16 mechanically driven by the engine. This is generally a piston pump. From the high-pressure fuel pump 16, a delivery line 18 leads to a high-pressure fuel accumulator 20, to which a plurality of injectors 22 are connected.
  • the high-pressure fuel accumulator 20 is therefore also referred to as “rail” or “common rail”.
  • the injectors 22 inject the fuel directly into a respective associated combustion chamber (not shown).
  • the pressure of the fuel which prevails in the rail 20 is detected by a pressure sensor 24 in the present exemplary embodiment.
  • the corresponding signal 26 is fed to a control and regulating device 28.
  • a valve device 30 is arranged in the delivery line 18 between the high-pressure fuel pump 16 and rail 20, .
  • the injectors 22 are alternately driven in accordance with a firing order of the internal combustion engine to inject the fuel into the combustion chambers.
  • the injection is usually carried out in the form of a comparatively short injection pulse.
  • a pressure p of the fuel in the rail 20 decreases, whereas it rises again between two injections due to the Nachêt by the high-pressure fuel pump 16, corresponding to the dashed curve in FIG FIG. 2 ,
  • the pressure control valve 32 of the valve device 30 is controlled by the control and regulating device 28 with the frequency of the high-frequency oscillations and optionally with a phase shift relative to the high-frequency vibrations of the pressure in the rail 20.
  • a control signal 36 is generated by the control and regulating device 28, which is modulated depending on the signal 26 of the pressure sensor 24.
  • FIG. 3 An alternative embodiment of a common rail fuel system 10 is shown in FIG. 3 shown.
  • elements and regions which have equivalent functions to previously described elements and regions bear the same reference numerals and are not explained again in detail.
  • valve means 30 which is arranged in the delivery line 18 between the high pressure fuel pump 16 and rail 20, no pressure control valve, but a switching valve in the form of a 2/2-way valve 42.
  • the mean pressure in the rail 20 is adjusted via a separate pressure control valve 44.
  • the volume flow flowing from the high-pressure fuel pump 16 via the delivery line 18 to the rail 20 is "clocked" by means of the switching valve 42.
  • FIG. 4 In this fluidically parallel to the delivery line 18, a bypass line 46 is present, in which, seen from the high pressure fuel pump 16 to the rail 20, first a check valve 48, then a hydraulic storage volume 50 and finally the already from the FIGS. 1 and 3 known valve device 30 are arranged in the form of a pressure control valve 32.
  • the check valve 48 shuts off the area between the high-pressure fuel pump 16 and the hydraulic storage volume 50 to the hydraulic storage volume 50.
  • valve means 30 is used with the pressure control valve 32 to reduce pressure oscillations in the rail 20.
  • the setting of the average value of the pressure in the rail 20 substantially via the adjustable flow rate of the high-pressure fuel pump 16, whereas the reduction of the actual vibrations, ie the alternating component of the pressure p in the rail 20, by the modulated via the pressure control valve 32 addition of the hydraulic accumulator volume 50 happens.
  • FIG. 5 it can be seen that arranged in the bypass line 46 pressure control valve 32 can also be realized by a switching valve 42.
  • the connection of the rail 20 with the hydraulic storage volume 50 is "clocked".
  • a pressure sensor 24 is at least not provided for the standing here in the foreground smoothing function of the pressure curve in the rail 20.
  • a numerical model of the pressure conditions in the rail 20 is used to generate the control signal 36.

Abstract

Fuel system has fuel pump (16) which pumps fuel into a rail (20). It has injectors (22) through which fuel flows out of the rail at least at times. Common rail system has a valve device (30) connected to rail and controlled by a calculated or determined pressure in the rail in such a way that high frequency pressure vibrations of the fuel stored in the rail are avoided.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a common rail fuel system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiges Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem ist beispielsweise durch die DE 197 53 072 A1 bekannt geworden.Such a common rail fuel system is, for example, by the DE 197 53 072 A1 known.

Vom Markt her bekannt sind Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsysteme, bei denen der Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffbehälter über eine elektrische Vorförderpumpe zu einer mechanisch angetriebenen Hochdruckpumpe gefördert wird. Diese verdichtet den Kraftstoff auf einen sehr hohen Druck und fördert ihn weiter in einen Kraftstoff-Hochdruckspeicher, der auch als "Common-Rail" bezeichnet wird. An diesen sind mehrere Injektoren angeschlossen, die den Kraftstoff direkt in ihnen zugeordnete Brennräume einspritzen.Common rail fuel systems are known from the market, in which the fuel is conveyed from a fuel tank via an electric pre-feed pump to a mechanically driven high-pressure pump. This compresses the fuel to a very high pressure and further promotes it in a high-pressure fuel storage, which is also referred to as a "common rail". To these several injectors are connected, which inject the fuel directly into their associated combustion chambers.

Die Einspritzvorgänge durch die einzelnen Injektoren sind impulsartig. Durch dieses nur sehr kurzzeitige Abströmen von Kraftstoff aus dem Rail über die Injektoren kann es im Rail zu erheblichen Druckschwankungen beziehungsweise Druckschwingungen kommen. Diese Druckschwingungen setzen sich auch in solche Bereiche des Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem fort, die unmittelbar an das Rail angeschlossen sind, beispielsweise bis zu anderen Injektoren. Mit anderen Worten: Die Betätigung eines Injektors führt zu einer Druckschwingung im Rail, die die Zumessgenauigkeit der anderen Injektoren beeinflusst.The injection processes through the individual injectors are pulsed. This only very brief outflow of fuel from the rail via the injectors can cause significant pressure fluctuations or pressure oscillations in the rail. These pressure oscillations continue in those areas of the common rail fuel system that are directly connected to the rail, for example, to other injectors. In other words, the operation of an injector leads to a pressure oscillation in the rail, which influences the metering accuracy of the other injectors.

Bei dem aus DE 197 53 072 A1 bekannten Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem sind zur Dämpfung von in dem Rail auftretenden Schwingungen ein Ventil und ein über das Ventil unmittelbar mit dem Rail koppelbarer Zusatzspeicher vorgesehen. Durch Öffnen des Ventils wird der Zusatzspeicher zugeschaltet und auf diese Weise das Volumen des unter Druck stehenden Kraftstoffs wesentlich vergrößert, so dass die Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Entstehen von Schwingungen wesentlich kleiner ist als bei abgekoppeltem Zusatzspeicher.At the DE 197 53 072 A1 known common rail fuel system, a valve and an over the valve directly to the rail coupled additional storage are provided for damping vibrations occurring in the rail. By opening the valve of the additional memory is switched on and in this way the volume of the pressurized fuel significantly increased, so that the probability of the generation of vibrations is much smaller than when uncoupled additional memory.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, bei einem Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem der eingangs genannten Art eine andere Ausgestaltung der Ventileinrichtung zu realisieren.Object of the present invention is to realize in a common rail fuel system of the type mentioned another embodiment of the valve device.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird durch ein Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Weitere wichtige Merkmale der Erfindung finden sich in der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung. Dabei können die Merkmale alleine oder in ganz unterschiedlichen Kombinationen für die Erfindung wichtig sein, ohne dass an der entsprechenden Stelle darauf hingewiesen wird.The object is achieved by a common rail fuel system having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims. Other important features of the invention can be found in the description and the drawing. The features alone or in very different combinations may be important to the invention without reference being made to it at the appropriate place.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

In der einen Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems ist die Ventileinrichtung fluidisch in einer Förderteitung zwischen der Kraftstoffpumpe und dem Rail angeordnet. Grundsätzlich nicht erfindungsgemäß, ist es zwar auch denkbar, eine Ventileinrichtung fluidisch in einer Rücklaufleitung zwischen dem Rail und beispielsweise einem Niederdruckbereich anzuordnen, hierdurch würde der Wirkungsgrad des Common-RailKraftstoffsystems jedoch erheblich verringert. Dieser Effekt wird durch erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zwischen Kraftstoffpumpe und Rail vermieden.In one variant of the common rail fuel system according to the invention, the valve device is arranged fluidically in a delivery line between the fuel pump and the rail. Although not according to the invention, it is also conceivable to arrange a valve device fluidically in a return line between the rail and, for example, a low pressure region, but this would considerably reduce the efficiency of the common rail fuel system. This effect is avoided by inventive arrangement between the fuel pump and rail.

In der anderen Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems ist die Ventileinrichtung in einer Bypassleitung zu einer Förderleitung zwischen Kraftstoffpumpe und Rail angeordnet und die Bypassleitung mit einem hydraulischen Speichervolumen verbunden. Damit erfolgt die Hauptversorgung des Rails, also die Einstellung des in diesem herrschenden mittleren Kraftstoffdrucks, direkt über die Förderung des Kraftstoffs von der Kraftstoffpumpe über die Förderleitung zum Rail. Der "Wechselanteil" des Kraftstoffdrucks im Rail wird durch das hydraulische Speichervolumen reduziert, welches mittels der Ventileinrichtung abhängig von den hochfrequenten Druckschwingungen mehr oder weniger (bei einem Druckbegrenzungsventil als Ventileinrichtung) oder digital (bei einem Schaltventil als Ventileinrichtung) zugeschaltet wird.In the other variant of the common rail fuel system according to the invention, the valve device is arranged in a bypass line to a delivery line between the fuel pump and rail and the bypass line connected to a hydraulic storage volume. Thus, the main supply of the Rails, ie the setting of the prevailing in this mean fuel pressure, directly on the promotion of the fuel from the fuel pump via the delivery line to the rail. The "alternating portion" of the fuel pressure in the rail is reduced by the hydraulic storage volume, which is switched by means of the valve device depending on the high-frequency pressure oscillations more or less (at a pressure relief valve valve device) or digitally (at a switching valve valve device).

Die Ventileinrichtung kann beispielsweise ein Druckbegrenzungsventil umfassen. Diese wird dann mit einem Signal angesteuert, welches entsprechend den zu dämpfenden Druckschwingungen moduliert ist. Auf diese Weise können auch eher niederfrequente Druckschwingungen vergleichsweise sauber geglättet werden.The valve device may comprise, for example, a pressure relief valve. This is then controlled by a signal which is modulated according to the pressure oscillations to be damped. In this way, even low-frequency pressure oscillations can be smoothed relatively clean.

Eine einfacher bauende Variante umfasst eine Ventileinrichtung mit einem Schaltventil. In diesem Fall wird der von der Kraftstoffpumpe zum Rail geförderte Kraftstoffstrom entsprechend der zu dämpfenden Druckschwingungen "getaktet".A simple design variant comprises a valve device with a switching valve. In this case, the fuel flow delivered to the rail by the fuel pump is "clocked" in accordance with the pressure vibrations to be damped.

Zeichnungendrawings

Nachfolgend werden besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegende Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems;
Figur 2
ein Diagramm, in dem der Verlauf eines in einem Rail des Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems von Figur 10 herrschenden Drucks über der Zeit aufgetragen ist;
Figur 3
eine schematische Darstellung ähnlich Figur 1 eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems;
Figur 4
eine schematische Darstellung ähnlich Figur 1 eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems; und
Figur 5
eine schematische Darstellung ähnlich Figur 1 eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems.
Hereinafter, particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing show:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a common rail fuel system;
FIG. 2
a diagram in which the course of a prevailing in a rail of the common rail fuel system of Figure 10 pressure is plotted against time;
FIG. 3
a schematic representation similar FIG. 1 a second embodiment of a common rail fuel system;
FIG. 4
a schematic representation similar FIG. 1 a third embodiment of a common rail fuel system; and
FIG. 5
a schematic representation similar FIG. 1 a fourth embodiment of a common rail fuel system.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In Figur 1 trägt ein Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem insgesamt das Bezugszeichen 10. Es gehört zu einer Brennkraftmaschine, die jedoch im Einzelnen nicht gezeigt ist. Die Brennkraftmaschine wiederum dient zum Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeugs, welches in Figur 1 ebenfalls nicht gezeigt ist.In FIG. 1 a common rail fuel system collectively bears the reference numeral 10. It belongs to an internal combustion engine, which, however, is not shown in detail. The internal combustion engine in turn serves to drive a motor vehicle, which in FIG. 1 also not shown.

Das Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem 10 umfasst einen Kraftstoffbehälter 12, aus dem eine elektrische Vorförderpumpe 14 den Kraftstoff zu einer mechanisch von der Brennkraftmaschine angetriebenen Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 fördert. Bei dieser handelt es sich im Allgemeinen um eine Kolbenpumpe. Von der Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 führt eine Förderleitung 18 zu einem Kraftstoff-Hochdruckspeicher 20, an den mehrere Injektoren 22 angeschlossen sind. Der Hochdruck-Kraftstoffspeicher 20 wird daher auch als "Rail" oder "Common-Rail" bezeichnet. Die Injektoren 22 spritzen den Kraftstoff direkt in einen ihnen jeweils zugeordneten Brennraum (nicht dargestellt) ein.The common rail fuel system 10 includes a fuel tank 12 from which an electric feed pump 14 delivers the fuel to a high pressure fuel pump 16 mechanically driven by the engine. This is generally a piston pump. From the high-pressure fuel pump 16, a delivery line 18 leads to a high-pressure fuel accumulator 20, to which a plurality of injectors 22 are connected. The high-pressure fuel accumulator 20 is therefore also referred to as "rail" or "common rail". The injectors 22 inject the fuel directly into a respective associated combustion chamber (not shown).

Der Druck des Kraftstoffes, der im Rail 20 herrscht, wird im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel von einem Drucksensor 24 erfasst. Das entsprechende Signal 26 wird einer Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung 28 zugeführt. In der Förderleitung 18 zwischen Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 und Rail 20 ist eine Ventileinrichtung 30 angeordnet. Diese umfasst in dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Druckregel- oder Druckbegrenzungsventil 32 mit einem Magnetaktor 34. Dieser erhält ein entsprechendes Steuersignal 36 von der Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung 28.The pressure of the fuel which prevails in the rail 20 is detected by a pressure sensor 24 in the present exemplary embodiment. The corresponding signal 26 is fed to a control and regulating device 28. In the delivery line 18 between the high-pressure fuel pump 16 and rail 20, a valve device 30 is arranged. This includes in the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, a pressure control or pressure limiting valve 32 with a solenoid actuator 34. This receives a corresponding control signal 36 from the control and regulating device 28th

Im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine und des Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems 10 werden die Injektoren 22 abwechselnd entsprechend einer Zündfolge der Brennkraftmaschine angesteuert, um den Kraftstoff in die Brennräume einzuspritzen. Die Einspritzung erfolgt dabei üblicherweise in Form eines vergleichsweise kurzen Einspritzimpulses. Während eines solchen Einspritzimpulses sinkt ein Druck p des Kraftstoffes im Rail 20, wohingegen er zwischen zwei Einspritzungen aufgrund der Nachförderung durch die Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 wieder ansteigt, entsprechend der gestrichelten Kurve in Figur 2.In operation of the internal combustion engine and the common rail fuel system 10, the injectors 22 are alternately driven in accordance with a firing order of the internal combustion engine to inject the fuel into the combustion chambers. The injection is usually carried out in the form of a comparatively short injection pulse. During such an injection pulse, a pressure p of the fuel in the rail 20 decreases, whereas it rises again between two injections due to the Nachförderung by the high-pressure fuel pump 16, corresponding to the dashed curve in FIG FIG. 2 ,

Durch eine solche hochfrequente Schwingung des Drucks p im Rail 20 würde dieses ebenso wie die mit ihm verbundenen Komponenten relativ hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Daher wird im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel das Druckregelventil 32 der Ventileinrichtung 30 von der Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung 28 mit der Frequenz der hochfrequenten Schwingungen und gegebenenfalls mit einer Phasenverschiebung gegenüber den hochfrequenten Schwingungen des Drucks im Rail 20 angesteuert. Hierzu wird von der Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung 28 ein Steuersignal 36 erzeugt, welches abhängig von dem Signal 26 des Drucksensors 24 moduliert ist.Such a high-frequency oscillation of the pressure p in the rail 20 would expose it, as well as the components connected to it, to relatively high loads. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the pressure control valve 32 of the valve device 30 is controlled by the control and regulating device 28 with the frequency of the high-frequency oscillations and optionally with a phase shift relative to the high-frequency vibrations of the pressure in the rail 20. For this purpose, a control signal 36 is generated by the control and regulating device 28, which is modulated depending on the signal 26 of the pressure sensor 24.

Auf diese Weise wird die Förderung von Kraftstoff von der Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 über die Förderleitung 18 zum Rail 20 während eines Druckbergs (Bezugszeichen 38 in Figur 2) reduziert, wohingegen die Förderung während eines Drucktals (Bezugszeichen 40 in Figur 2) vom Druckregelventil 32 freigegeben wird. Hierdurch werden die Druckschwingungen im Rail 20 geglättet, was zu der durch eine durchgezogene Linie dargestellten geglätteten Kurve für den Druck p in Figur 2 führt.In this way, the delivery of fuel from the high-pressure fuel pump 16 via the delivery line 18 to the rail 20 during a pressure peak (reference numeral 38 in FIG FIG. 2 ), whereas the delivery during a pressure valley (reference numeral 40 in FIG FIG. 2 ) is released from the pressure control valve 32. As a result, the pressure oscillations in the rail 20 are smoothed, resulting in the smoothed curve for the pressure p in shown by a solid line FIG. 2 leads.

Eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystems 10 ist in Figur 3 gezeigt. Dabei gilt hier wie nachfolgend, dass solche Elemente und Bereiche, welche äquivalente Funktionen zu vorab beschriebenen Elementen und Bereichen aufweisen, die gleichen Bezugszeichen tragen und nicht nochmals im Detail erläutert sind.An alternative embodiment of a common rail fuel system 10 is shown in FIG FIG. 3 shown. Here, as below, it applies that such elements and regions which have equivalent functions to previously described elements and regions bear the same reference numerals and are not explained again in detail.

Im Unterschied zu dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Figur 1 umfasst die Ventileinrichtung 30, die in der Förderleitung 18 zwischen Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 und Rail 20 angeordnet ist, kein Druckregelventil, sondern ein Schaltventil in Form eines 2/2-Wegeventils 42. Der Mitteldruck im Rail 20 wird über ein separates Druckregelventil 44 eingestellt. Zum Glätten der Druckschwingungen im Rail 20 wird der von der Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 über die Förderleitung 18 zum Rail 20 strömende Volumenstrom mittels des Schaltventils 42 "getaktet".In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1 includes the valve means 30 which is arranged in the delivery line 18 between the high pressure fuel pump 16 and rail 20, no pressure control valve, but a switching valve in the form of a 2/2-way valve 42. The mean pressure in the rail 20 is adjusted via a separate pressure control valve 44. To smooth the pressure oscillations in the rail 20, the volume flow flowing from the high-pressure fuel pump 16 via the delivery line 18 to the rail 20 is "clocked" by means of the switching valve 42.

Eine nochmals abgewandelte Ausführungsform zeigt Figur 4: Bei dieser ist fluidisch parallel zur Förderleitung 18 eine Bypassleitung 46 vorhanden, in der, von der Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 zum Rail 20 gesehen, zunächst ein Rückschlagventil 48, dann ein hydraulisches Speichervolumen 50 und schließlich die bereits aus den Figuren 1 und 3 bekannte Ventileinrichtung 30 in Form eines Druckregelventils 32 angeordnet sind. Das Rückschlagventil 48 sperrt den Bereich zwischen Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16 und hydraulischem Speichervolumen 50 zum hydraulischen Speichervolumen 50 hin.A further modified embodiment shows FIG. 4 In this fluidically parallel to the delivery line 18, a bypass line 46 is present, in which, seen from the high pressure fuel pump 16 to the rail 20, first a check valve 48, then a hydraulic storage volume 50 and finally the already from the FIGS. 1 and 3 known valve device 30 are arranged in the form of a pressure control valve 32. The check valve 48 shuts off the area between the high-pressure fuel pump 16 and the hydraulic storage volume 50 to the hydraulic storage volume 50.

Auch hier dient die Ventileinrichtung 30 mit dem Druckregelventil 32 dazu, Druckschwingungen im Rail 20 zu verringern. Dabei erfolgt die Einstellung des Mittelwerts des Drucks im Rail 20 (strichpunktierte Linie in Figur 2) im Wesentlichen über die einstellbare Fördermenge der Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 16, wohingegen die Reduzierung der eigentlichen Schwingungen, also des Wechselanteils des Drucks p im Rail 20, durch die über das Druckregelventil 32 modulierte Hinzuschaltung des hydraulischen Speichervolumens 50 geschieht.Again, the valve means 30 is used with the pressure control valve 32 to reduce pressure oscillations in the rail 20. In this case, the setting of the average value of the pressure in the rail 20 (dash-dotted line in FIG. 2 ) substantially via the adjustable flow rate of the high-pressure fuel pump 16, whereas the reduction of the actual vibrations, ie the alternating component of the pressure p in the rail 20, by the modulated via the pressure control valve 32 addition of the hydraulic accumulator volume 50 happens.

Wie aus Figur 5 hervorgeht, kann das in der Bypassleitung 46 angeordnete Druckregelventil 32 auch durch ein Schaltventil 42 realisiert werden. In diesem Fall erfolgt die Verbindung des Rails 20 mit dem hydraulischen Speichervolumen 50 "getaktet". Ein weiterer Unterschied der beiden in den Figuren 4 und 5 gezeigten Ausführungsformen von Common-Rail-Kraftstoffsystem 10 im Vergleich zu den in den Figuren 1 und 3 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen besteht darin, dass ein Drucksensor 24 zumindest nicht für die hier im Vordergrund stehende Glättungsfunktion des Druckverlaufs im Rail 20 vorgesehen ist. Stattdessen wird für die Erzeugung des Steuersignals 36 ein numerisches Modell der Druckverhältnisse im Rail 20 verwendet.How out FIG. 5 it can be seen that arranged in the bypass line 46 pressure control valve 32 can also be realized by a switching valve 42. In this case, the connection of the rail 20 with the hydraulic storage volume 50 is "clocked". Another difference between the two in the FIGS. 4 and 5 shown embodiments of common rail fuel system 10 compared to those in the FIGS. 1 and 3 shown embodiments is that a pressure sensor 24 is at least not provided for the standing here in the foreground smoothing function of the pressure curve in the rail 20. Instead, a numerical model of the pressure conditions in the rail 20 is used to generate the control signal 36.

Claims (3)

  1. Common rail fuel system (10) having a fuel pump (16) which at least intermittently delivers fuel into a rail (20), having injectors (22) through which fuel at least intermittently flows out of the rail (20), and having a valve device (30) which is connected to the rail (20) and which can be activated, as a function of a calculated or measured pressure (p) in the rail (20) or of some other operating parameter, in such a way that high-frequency pressure oscillations of the fuel which is stored in the rail (20) are reduced,
    characterized
    in that the valve device (30) is fluidically arranged in a delivery line (18) between the fuel pump (16) and the rail (20), or in that the valve device (30) is arranged in a bypass line (46) to a delivery line (18) between the fuel pump (16) and rail (20) and the bypass line (46) is connected to a hydraulic accumulator volume (50).
  2. Common rail fuel system (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the valve device (30) comprises a pressure-limiting valve (32).
  3. Common rail fuel system (10) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve device (30) comprises a switching valve (42).
EP06124129A 2005-12-27 2006-11-15 Common rail fuel injection system Not-in-force EP1826396B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102005062548A DE102005062548A1 (en) 2005-12-27 2005-12-27 Common rail fuel system has fuel pump to pump fuel into rail, injectors through which fuel flows out of rail and connected valve device controlled by pressure in rail to avoid high frequency vibrations of fuel stored in rail

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EP1826396A1 EP1826396A1 (en) 2007-08-29
EP1826396B1 true EP1826396B1 (en) 2009-08-12

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EP06124129A Not-in-force EP1826396B1 (en) 2005-12-27 2006-11-15 Common rail fuel injection system

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DE102015212046A1 (en) 2014-10-30 2016-05-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine and fuel supply system

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JP4404111B2 (en) * 2007-07-19 2010-01-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fuel injection control device for internal combustion engine
DE102007053403B4 (en) * 2007-11-09 2016-06-09 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and device for determining a vibration-optimized setting of an injection device
JP2013092071A (en) * 2011-10-24 2013-05-16 Toyota Motor Corp Control device for internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine
GB201316439D0 (en) 2013-09-16 2013-10-30 Delphi Tech Holding Sarl Hybrid fuel injection equipment
US20150308368A1 (en) * 2014-04-28 2015-10-29 Russell J. Wakeman Active engine fuel pressure pulsation cancellation techniques

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DE19753072C2 (en) * 1997-11-29 1999-11-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle
DE19841329C2 (en) * 1998-09-10 2003-04-17 Daimler Chrysler Ag Injection system for an internal combustion engine and operating method therefor
DE10245084A1 (en) * 2002-09-27 2004-04-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pressure limiting device and fuel system with such a pressure limiting device
GB2402233B (en) * 2003-05-30 2006-10-11 Ford Global Tech Llc Fuel injector supply
DE10328789A1 (en) * 2003-06-26 2005-01-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for pressure wave compensating control of an injection system of an internal combustion engine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015212046A1 (en) 2014-10-30 2016-05-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine and fuel supply system

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ATE439516T1 (en) 2009-08-15
EP1826396A1 (en) 2007-08-29
DE502006004505D1 (en) 2009-09-24
DE102005062548A1 (en) 2007-07-05

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