EP1824584A1 - Membrane de filtration de gaz moleculaires tels que l'hydrogene et son procede de preparation - Google Patents
Membrane de filtration de gaz moleculaires tels que l'hydrogene et son procede de preparationInfo
- Publication number
- EP1824584A1 EP1824584A1 EP05821729A EP05821729A EP1824584A1 EP 1824584 A1 EP1824584 A1 EP 1824584A1 EP 05821729 A EP05821729 A EP 05821729A EP 05821729 A EP05821729 A EP 05821729A EP 1824584 A1 EP1824584 A1 EP 1824584A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- xerogel
- membrane
- advantageously
- magnesium
- support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0048—Inorganic membrane manufacture by sol-gel transition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/105—Support pretreatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/024—Oxides
- B01D71/027—Silicium oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
- C01B3/503—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion characterised by membranes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0687—Reactant purification by the use of membranes or filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
- B01D2323/081—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
- B01D2323/082—Cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/48—Influencing the pH
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0405—Purification by membrane separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0485—Composition of the impurity the impurity being a sulfur compound
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a membrane for the filtration of molecular gases such as hydrogen, comprising a porous ceramic support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel, said support being impregnated with a silica-based xerogel layer.
- the invention also relates to a process for preparing such a membrane.
- the invention also relates to the use of a support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel in a hydrogen filtration membrane.
- PEMFC Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
- Hydrogen can also be produced by a fossil fuel or biomass reforming operation.
- filtration membranes can be used which pass hydrogen and retain the other gases.
- the concept of integrated catalytic reactor can constitute an interesting technological solution. Inorganic membranes play an important role in this concept to purify and thus improve the production of molecular gases such as hydrogen.
- the present invention fills this need.
- the Applicant has thus discovered a new type of membrane comprising a ceramic porous support based on alumino-magnesic spinel (AMS) impregnated with a silica-based xerogel layer that can be used in PEMFC-type fuel cells. , especially in integrated membrane reformers, and to filter very efficiently molecular gases such as hydrogen.
- AMS alumino-magnesic spinel
- Such a membrane has good selectivity and good permeability, in particular for hydrogen, high strength and stability at high temperature, especially at temperatures above 800 ° C., high time resistance, high high chemical resistance due to the low contamination of the membrane by species such as H 2 O, CO or H 2 S, and finally high resistance to water vapor.
- the membranes according to the present invention which thus have a good selectivity of hydrogen with respect to the other species of the CO, CO 2 , and H 2 S type, and a good hydrogen permeability at low pressure, can thus be used. for the separation and purification of hydrogen.
- the membranes according to the present invention typically have a selectivity of hydrogen with respect to CO of the order of 1.2 to 2.
- the membranes according to the present invention typically have a permeability of between 10 -5 and
- the membranes according to the present invention can be very easily cleaned after use, in particular using oxygen, argon and nitrogen type gas mixtures.
- the membranes can be prepared by a simple method to implement that allows to precisely control the pore size of the membrane obtained.
- the present invention thus relates to a membrane for the filtration of molecular gases, such as hydrogen, comprising a porous ceramic support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel, said support being impregnated with a silica-based xerogel layer.
- the support surface "consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel” means a ceramic support based on alumino-magnesic spinel, or containing at least 80% by weight of alumino-magnesic spinel, advantageously containing at least 90% by weight of alumino-magnesic spinel, even more preferably containing at least 95% by weight of alumino-magnesic spinel, still more preferably containing at least 99% by weight of alumino-magnesic spinel.
- the membrane according to the present invention advantageously allows to separate or filter different molecular gases, such as H 2 , CO, CO 2 or N 2 .
- the xerogel layer has a thickness of between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, advantageously between
- the xerogel layer has a thickness of between 0.25 and
- the choice of the thickness of the xerogel layer makes it possible to influence the properties of permeability and selectivity of the membrane.
- the xerogel layer thickness is generally chosen so as to obtain a good compromise between selectivity and permeability.
- a xerogel layer of the order of 0.1 mm it is possible to obtain a membrane having a selectivity (H 2 / CO) of about 2 and a permeability of about 10 -4 mol.m -2 .s -1 .Pa -1 .
- permeability means the flow of molecules through the membrane per unit of pressure (pressure difference across the membrane). It is preferably expressed in mol.m “2 .s “ 1 .Pa “1 .
- the term "selectivity" means the ability of the membrane to select between molecules of the same gas. It is the ratio of permeances of the molecules constituting the gas, in particular the ratio of permeances of hydrogen relative to carbon monoxide (CO).
- the porous ceramic support has a porosity of between 0.95 and 1.05 ⁇ m, advantageously about 1 ⁇ m.
- the porosity expressed here denotes the open porosity of the support.
- the porous ceramic support according to the present invention is preferably prepared according to a method making it possible to precisely control its porosity, and to obtain average pore diameters of the order of one micrometer.
- the pore size distribution of the support according to the present invention is very tight, preferably having a deviation of ⁇ 6% with respect to 1 ⁇ m.
- the AMS support has a high purity.
- the membrane according to the present invention advantageously has a porosity less than or equal to 2 nm (20 ⁇ ).
- the porosity expressed here refers to the open porosity of the membrane.
- the porous ceramic support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel (AMS) is preferably impregnated with nanoporous xerogel, making it possible to substantially fill the pores of the AMS support and finally to obtain a membrane having a nanoporous structure, which will to effectively separate the molecular gases, such as hydrogen, from other gases such as H 2 -CO mixtures.
- the impregnation of the support based on alumino-magnesic spinel by the silica-based xerogel by a sol-gel technique thus advantageously makes it possible to block the macropores of the support, and to leave the nanopores free.
- the membrane according to the present invention is stable over a wide temperature range, especially at elevated temperature. Typically, the membrane according to the present invention is stable at a temperature of between 20 and 1200 ° C., advantageously between 800 and 1000 ° C.
- the subject of the present invention is also a process for the preparation of a hydrogen-type molecular gas filtration membrane as defined above, comprising the following successive stages: a) impregnation of a porous ceramic support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel using a polysilicic acid-based sol concentrate, preferably having a content of SiO 2 of the order of 20 to 40% by weight, b) heat treatment of the soil to obtain a xerogel, advantageously using the minus a thermal cycle at a temperature between 110 and 130 0 C, c) heat treatment of the xerogel to crystallize the xerogel and then sinter, then d) cooling, preferably to room temperature.
- a sol-gel technique is preferably used to prepare the membrane according to the present invention.
- the membrane is advantageously produced by impregnation of the support, in particular by successive impregnations, and application of a final treatment at high temperatures.
- the method according to the present invention allows to induce, after impregnation of the support, a nanoporosity preferably having a honeycomb structure.
- the polysilicic acid-based sol used to impregnate the porous ceramic support is pre-concentrated, preferably by vaporization, in order to obtain a viscous sol.
- the concentrated sol has an SiO 2 content of between 20 and 40% by weight, in particular between 30 and 40% by weight, advantageously between 32 and 35% by weight of SiO 2 .
- a sol containing 20% SiO 2 preferably in the form of H 2 SiO 3 , and 80% of an ethanol-butanol mixture can be used.
- the concentration of the soil before its injection on the ceramic support allows to control more precisely the pore size of the membrane finally obtained.
- the nanoporosity of the membrane is in fact directly related to the nanoporosity of the xerogel deposited on the support.
- the process also contains a preliminary step of impregnating the porous ceramic support with an aqueous-alcoholic solution, the alcohol being advantageously ethanol, or with the aid of an alcoholic solution, advantageously based on ethanol.
- alcohols such as propanol or butanol
- a water-ethanol solution is used as an aqueous-alcoholic solution, advantageously containing 50% of water and 50% of ethanol by volume.
- Prior impregnation of the support with a hydro-alcoholic or alcoholic solution facilitates the subsequent impregnation of the soil in the spinel-based ceramic support. Indeed, the surface tension of the ground at the interface with the ceramic consisting essentially of spinel partially prevents the penetration of the soil into the pores of the support.
- the impregnation a) of the support with the aid of the soil is carried out at a pH of between 6 and 7.5, preferably at a pH of about 7 (neutral pH).
- a pH of between 6 and 7.5 preferably at a pH of about 7 (neutral pH).
- neutral pH a pH of about 7
- the Applicant has in fact discovered that the choice of a particular pH range, around the neutral pH, allowed to directly influence the porosity of the membrane obtained in the end and thus obtain a nanoporous structure. It appears that pH controls the reaction rate between spinel and xerogel, which itself controls the pore size of the membrane.
- a buffer solution can be used to set the pH of the medium. The pH depends in particular on the composition of the soil and the reaction time.
- the impregnation of the support with the help of the ground can be carried out on the upper face, on the lower face or on both sides of the support.
- one of the two faces of the support is preferably impregnated, then the support is turned over in order to impregnate the other face.
- the excess soil can be removed from the surface or surfaces of the support, for example using a filter paper.
- the impregnation of the support with the aid of the soil is preferably carried out by immersion (soaking).
- the amount of sol applied to the support is between 1 and 3 ml / cm 2 of support surface, preferably of the order of 2 ml / cm.
- the heat treatment b) of the sol to obtain a xerogel comprises: the transformation of the sol into gel, advantageously at a temperature of between 60 and 70 ° C., more advantageously between 65 and 70 ° C., preferably for at least 1 hour, then the transformation of the gel into xerogel, advantageously at a temperature of between 110 and 130 ° C., still more advantageously at around 120 ° C., preferably for at least 3 hours, in particular between 3 and 4 ° C. hours.
- the transformation of the soil into a gel can be described as gelling.
- the transformation of the gel into xerogel makes it possible to eliminate the free water from the gel which is contained in the pores of the support, and to reach the state of xerogel.
- the heat treatment c) of the xerogel comprises: crystallization of the xerogel, advantageously at a temperature of between 880 and 920 ° C., still more advantageously at around 900 ° C., preferably for at least 3 hours, and then sintering the xerogel, advantageously at a temperature between 900 and 940 0 C, preferably for at least 3 hours.
- the crystallization of the xerogel destroys the gel and creates the porous structure of xerogel by nucleation.
- the membrane following the sintering of xerogel at high temperature, the membrane is allowed to cool slowly to room temperature, advantageously for several hours, typically for 8 to 10 hours.
- step d) of the method ie after cooling of the membrane, the steps a) to d) are repeated at least once.
- a step is preferably carried out prior impregnation of the porous ceramic support with a hydroalcoholic solution before repeating the sequence of steps a) to d).
- the porous ceramic support undergoes at least one impregnation, advantageously a double impregnation, using the concentrated polysilicic acid-based sol.
- the present invention also relates to a process for preparing the porous ceramic support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel, which can be used in the membranes according to the present invention.
- the Applicant has in fact discovered that various parameters of the support synthesis method allowed to directly influence the characteristics of the porous ceramic alumino-magnesic spinel (AMS) support, such as its porosity.
- AMS porous ceramic alumino-magnesic spinel
- the supports used in the membranes according to the present invention have a porosity of the order of one micrometer.
- the porous ceramic support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel is prepared from at least one powdered magnesium salt, such as magnesium nitrate, and at least one salt of magnesium.
- magnesium powder such as aluminum nitrate.
- Other magnesium and aluminum salts may also be used, such as acetates, tartrates or magnesium or aluminum citrates. Different salts can be used for aluminum and magnesium.
- magnesium aluminate (MgAl 2 O 4 ) in powder form is initially prepared.
- at least one magnesium salt of the magnesium nitrate type and at least one aluminum salt of the aluminum nitrate type are mixed, the two powdered salts having previously been dissolved in a liquid such as water.
- the mixture of salts is preferably produced at acidic pH, at a pH of, for example, between 3 and 4.
- the reaction medium is acidified with the aid of a mineral acid or organic, of the nitric acid type.
- the choice of pH during this step, the purity of the precursor salts and their content make it possible to influence the porosity of the support obtained in the end.
- the salt solutions are mixed vigorously, then placed in a heated liquid bath, advantageously at a temperature of the order of 80 to 90 ° C., preferably for at least 3 hours, in order to vaporize the solutions and to obtain water.
- a heated liquid bath advantageously at a temperature of the order of 80 to 90 ° C., preferably for at least 3 hours, in order to vaporize the solutions and to obtain water.
- At least one binder advantageously based on aluminum and magnesium, is also prepared in order to finally obtain a pure AMS support.
- the binder is then added to the magnesium aluminate (MgAl 2 O 4 ) powder, then the mixture of powdered magnesium aluminate and binder is shaped by molding, preferably cold , for example using a hydraulic press, with a pressure of about 55
- a plasticizer such as kaolinite, advantageously at a content of 0.4 to 0.8% by weight, is added during the mixing of the magnesium aluminate powder and binder.
- a plasticizer such as kaolinite, advantageously at a content of 0.4 to 0.8% by weight, is added during the mixing of the magnesium aluminate powder and binder.
- This embodiment is advantageous since it makes it possible to obtain particular forms of porous support, and finally to produce membranes of complex geometry, of the tubular membrane type.
- membranes of simple geometry such as flat membranes, are typically obtained.
- heat treatment operations are then carried out in order to remove the binder and the liquid such as water and to crystallize and sinter the AMS particles, and to obtain a porous ceramic support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel.
- heat treatment operations are carried out by gradually increasing the temperature up to sintering temperatures between 1200 and 1300 0 C, preferably between 1230 and 1250 ° C.
- the AMS carrier is allowed to cool, preferably to room temperature, preferably for at least 10 hours.
- the porous ceramic support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel is prepared by: firstly preparing magnesium aluminate powder from at least one magnesium salt in powder form, such as magnesium nitrate, and at least one powdered aluminum salt, such as aluminum nitrate, preferably both powdered salts having been previously dissolved in a liquid such as water under acidic conditions, on the other hand preparation of at least one binder from magnesium salt, such as magnesium nitrate, and aluminum salt, such as aluminum nitrate, the binder being preferably in gelled or liquid form, a mixture of magnesium aluminate powder and binder, then shaping this mixture by molding to obtain a green part, followed by a heat treatment by gradually increasing the temperature until at sintering temperatures between 1200 and 1300 0 C, to crystallize and sinter the particles, then cooling, preferably to room temperature.
- magnesium aluminate powder in powder form, such as magnesium nitrate
- aluminum salt such as aluminum nitrate
- the binder may be prepared using the same precursors as those used in the synthesis of magnesium aluminate (MgAl 2 O 4 ) powder. At least one magnesium salt of the magnesium nitrate Mg (NOs) 2 -OH 2 O type and at least one aluminum salt of the aluminum nitrate A1 (NO 3 ) 3 .9H 2 O type are mixed, both powdered salts having been previously dissolved in a liquid such as water. The mixture is then heated, in particular at temperatures of the order of 600 to 700 ° C., preferably for at least two hours. Then, the reaction medium is then oxidized, for example with a concentrated solution of nitric acid (HNO 3 ). A binder in gelled form is thus obtained.
- MgAl 2 O 4 magnesium aluminate
- magnesium nitrate 0.5 mol of Mg (NO 3 ) 2 per 257 mol of H 2 O
- aluminum nitrate 0.5 mol of Al (NO 3 ) 3 for 371 mol of HaO
- the present invention relates to the use of a support consisting essentially of alumino-magnesic spinel in a hydrogen filtration membrane.
- the carrier can be prepared according to the method described above.
- the support is impregnated with a silica-based xerogel layer.
- the xerogel layer has a thickness of between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, preferably between 0.2 and 0.3 mm, in particular between 0.25 and 0.3 mm. .
- the porous ceramic support has a porosity of between 0.95 and 1.05 ⁇ m, advantageously about 1 micron.
- the membrane has a porosity less than or equal to 2 nm, and is stable at a temperature between 20 and 1200 0 C, preferably between 800 and 1000 0 C.
- the invention can be advantageously used in PEMFC fuel cell reformers.
- a carrier according to the present invention is made using magnesium nitrate and powdered aluminum nitrate, dissolved in water.
- the mixture of salts is made at pH 4, in a 1 liter tank, heated at 80 ° C. for 3 hours. Powdered magnesium aluminate is then obtained.
- a binder prepared from magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate is then added, and the mixture of powdered magnesium aluminate and binder is shaped by cold molding, using a hydraulic press. . Then, thermal treatment operations are carried out by gradually increasing the temperature to 125O 0 C.
- the AMS support has a porosity of approximately 1 ⁇ m.
- a membrane according to the present invention is then produced by impregnating the AMS support with a sol containing 20% of silica, in the form of F 1 SiO 3 , and 80% of an ethanol-butanol mixture (step at)). Impregnation of the soil is carried out at pH 7.5.
- the heat treatment b) of the soil is then carried out to obtain a xerogel, first transforming the sol into a gel at a temperature of 65 ° C. for 1 hour, then transforming the gel into xerogel at 120 ° C. for 3 hours. Thereafter, the heat treatment c) of the xerogel is carried out, first crystallizing the xerogel at a temperature of 900 ° C. for 3 hours, and then sintering the xerogel at a temperature of temperature of 920 0 C for 3 hours.
- the membrane is then allowed to cool (step d)), and then the sequence of steps a) to d) is repeated.
- the membrane has a xerogel layer of about 0.1 mm, has a porosity of about one nanometer, is stable up to temperatures of about 1000 to 1200 0 C, has a selectivity (HVCO) of the order of 2 and a permeability of about 10 -4 mol.m.sup.- 2 .sup.- 1 .Pa.sup.- 1 .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0413561A FR2879475B1 (fr) | 2004-12-20 | 2004-12-20 | Membrane de filtration de gaz moleculaires tels que l'hydrogene et son procede de preparation |
| PCT/EP2005/056988 WO2006067156A1 (fr) | 2004-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Membrane de filtration de gaz moleculaires tels que l'hydrogene et son procede de preparation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1824584A1 true EP1824584A1 (fr) | 2007-08-29 |
Family
ID=34952909
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05821729A Withdrawn EP1824584A1 (fr) | 2004-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Membrane de filtration de gaz moleculaires tels que l'hydrogene et son procede de preparation |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1824584A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2879475B1 (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO344504B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2006067156A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2946801B1 (fr) * | 2009-06-11 | 2011-06-17 | Electricite De France | Pile a combustible a membrane de purification d'hydrogene integree |
| CN103143398B (zh) * | 2011-12-06 | 2015-04-15 | 福州大学 | 一种镁铝尖晶石载体及其制备方法和用途 |
| FR2999167B1 (fr) | 2012-12-12 | 2014-12-26 | Herakles | Procede pyrotechnique de mise a disposition d'hydrogene de tres grande purete et dispositif associe |
| FR3003092B1 (fr) | 2013-03-05 | 2015-04-03 | Herakles | Procede et dispositif d'alimentation d'une pile a combustible |
| CN110559872B (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2022-03-01 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种轴盘式旋转陶瓷膜的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4254086A (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1981-03-03 | Sanders Alfred P | Endothermal water decomposition unit for producing hydrogen and oxygen |
| US5342431A (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1994-08-30 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Metal oxide membranes for gas separation |
| DE4227720C2 (de) * | 1991-09-18 | 1998-05-20 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Beschichtungen aus Spinell sowie Verwendung der danach hergestellten Träger |
| DE4138273A1 (de) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-05-27 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung eines keramischen brennstoffzellentraegers |
| EP1487563A4 (fr) * | 2002-03-05 | 2005-07-20 | Eltron Research Inc | Membranes de transport d'hydrogene |
| KR100460450B1 (ko) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-12-08 | 한국화학연구원 | 함침-롤링법에 의한 열적 안정성이 우수한 실리카 복합막의 제조방법 |
-
2004
- 2004-12-20 FR FR0413561A patent/FR2879475B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-12-20 WO PCT/EP2005/056988 patent/WO2006067156A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-20 EP EP05821729A patent/EP1824584A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-07-17 NO NO20073689A patent/NO344504B1/no unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006067156A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2879475B1 (fr) | 2007-08-10 |
| WO2006067156A1 (fr) | 2006-06-29 |
| FR2879475A1 (fr) | 2006-06-23 |
| NO20073689L (no) | 2007-08-23 |
| NO344504B1 (no) | 2020-01-20 |
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